usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*-
   2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   5  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   6  *
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  17  *    without specific prior written permission.
  18  *
  19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  30  */
  31
  32 #include <sys/param.h>
  33 #include <sys/proc.h>
  34 #include <sys/uio.h>
  35 #include <sys/namei.h>
  36 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  37 #include <sys/signal.h>
  38 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  39 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  40 #include <sys/resource.h>
  41 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  42 #include <sys/time.h>
  43 #include <sys/user.h>
  44 #define _WANT_VMMETER
  45 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  46 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
  47
  48 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  49
  50 #include <ctype.h>
  51 #include <devstat.h>
  52 #include <err.h>
  53 #include <errno.h>
  54 #include <inttypes.h>
  55 #include <kvm.h>
  56 #include <limits.h>
  57 #include <memstat.h>
  58 #include <nlist.h>
  59 #include <paths.h>
  60 #include <stdio.h>
  61 #include <stdlib.h>
  62 #include <string.h>
  63 #include <sysexits.h>
  64 #include <time.h>
  65 #include <unistd.h>
  66 #include <libutil.h>
  67 #include <libxo/xo.h>
  68
  69 #define VMSTAT_XO_VERSION "1"
  70
  71 static char da[] = "da";
  72
  73 enum x_stats { X_SUM, X_HZ, X_STATHZ, X_NCHSTATS, X_INTRNAMES, X_SINTRNAMES,
  74     X_INTRCNT, X_SINTRCNT, X_NINTRCNT };
  75
  76 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  77         [X_SUM] = { .n_name = "_vm_cnt", },
  78         [X_HZ] = { .n_name = "_hz", },
  79         [X_STATHZ] = { .n_name = "_stathz", },
  80         [X_NCHSTATS] = { .n_name = "_nchstats", },
  81         [X_INTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_intrnames", },
  82         [X_SINTRNAMES] = { .n_name = "_sintrnames", },
  83         [X_INTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_intrcnt", },
  84         [X_SINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_sintrcnt", },
  85         [X_NINTRCNT] = { .n_name = "_nintrcnt", },
  86         { .n_name = NULL, },
  87 };
  88
  89 static struct devstat_match *matches;
  90 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
  91 static struct statinfo cur, last;
  92 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
  93 static size_t size_cp_times;
  94 static long *cur_cp_times, *last_cp_times;
  95 static long generation, select_generation;
  96 static int hz, hdrcnt, maxshowdevs;
  97 static int num_devices, num_devices_specified;
  98 static int num_matches, num_selected, num_selections;
  99 static char **specified_devices;
 100
 101 static struct __vmmeter {
 102         uint64_t v_swtch;
 103         uint64_t v_trap;
 104         uint64_t v_syscall;
 105         uint64_t v_intr;
 106         uint64_t v_soft;
 107         uint64_t v_vm_faults;
 108         uint64_t v_io_faults;
 109         uint64_t v_cow_faults;
 110         uint64_t v_cow_optim;
 111         uint64_t v_zfod;
 112         uint64_t v_ozfod;
 113         uint64_t v_swapin;
 114         uint64_t v_swapout;
 115         uint64_t v_swappgsin;
 116         uint64_t v_swappgsout;
 117         uint64_t v_vnodein;
 118         uint64_t v_vnodeout;
 119         uint64_t v_vnodepgsin;
 120         uint64_t v_vnodepgsout;
 121         uint64_t v_intrans;
 122         uint64_t v_reactivated;
 123         uint64_t v_pdwakeups;
 124         uint64_t v_pdpages;
 125         uint64_t v_pdshortfalls;
 126         uint64_t v_dfree;
 127         uint64_t v_pfree;
 128         uint64_t v_tfree;
 129         uint64_t v_forks;
 130         uint64_t v_vforks;
 131         uint64_t v_rforks;
 132         uint64_t v_kthreads;
 133         uint64_t v_forkpages;
 134         uint64_t v_vforkpages;
 135         uint64_t v_rforkpages;
 136         uint64_t v_kthreadpages;
 137         u_int v_page_size;
 138         u_int v_page_count;
 139         u_int v_free_reserved;
 140         u_int v_free_target;
 141         u_int v_free_min;
 142         u_int v_free_count;
 143         u_int v_wire_count;
 144         u_long v_user_wire_count;
 145         u_int v_active_count;
 146         u_int v_inactive_target;
 147         u_int v_inactive_count;
 148         u_int v_laundry_count;
 149         u_int v_pageout_free_min;
 150         u_int v_interrupt_free_min;
 151         u_int v_free_severe;
 152 } sum, osum;
 153
 154 #define VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES    20      /* Default number of `winlines'. */
 155 static volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;          /* Tty resized when non-zero. */
 156 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
 157
 158 static int      aflag;
 159 static int      nflag;
 160 static int      Pflag;
 161 static int      hflag;
 162
 163 static kvm_t    *kd;
 164
 165 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 166 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 167 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 168 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 169 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 170 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 171 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 172 #define OBJSTAT         0x80
 173
 174 static void     cpustats(void);
 175 static void     pcpustats(u_long, int);
 176 static void     devstats(void);
 177 static void     doforkst(void);
 178 static void     dointr(unsigned int, int);
 179 static void     doobjstat(void);
 180 static void     dosum(void);
 181 static void     dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
 182 static void     domemstat_malloc(void);
 183 static void     domemstat_zone(void);
 184 static void     kread(int, void *, size_t);
 185 static void     kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
 186 static void     kreadptr(uintptr_t, void *, size_t);
 187 static void     needhdr(int);
 188 static void     needresize(int);
 189 static void     doresize(void);
 190 static void     printhdr(int, u_long);
 191 static void     usage(void);
 192
 193 static long     pct(long, long);
 194 static long long        getuptime(void);
 195
 196 static char     **getdrivedata(char **);
 197
 198 int
 199 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 200 {
 201         char *bp, *buf, *memf, *nlistf;
 202         float f;
 203         int bufsize, c, reps, todo;
 204         size_t len;
 205         unsigned int interval;
 206         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 207
 208         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 209         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 210         maxshowdevs = 2;
 211
 212         argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
 213         if (argc < 0)
 214                 return (argc);
 215
 216         hflag = isatty(1);
 217
 218         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:oPp:sw:z")) != -1) {
 219                 switch (c) {
 220                 case 'a':
 221                         aflag++;
 222                         break;
 223                 case 'c':
 224                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 225                         break;
 226                 case 'P':
 227                         Pflag++;
 228                         break;
 229                 case 'f':
 230                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 231                         break;
 232                 case 'h':
 233                         hflag = 1;
 234                         break;
 235                 case 'H':
 236                         hflag = 0;
 237                         break;
 238                 case 'i':
 239                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 240                         break;
 241                 case 'M':
 242                         memf = optarg;
 243                         break;
 244                 case 'm':
 245                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 246                         break;
 247                 case 'N':
 248                         nlistf = optarg;
 249                         break;
 250                 case 'n':
 251                         nflag = 1;
 252                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 253                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 254                                 xo_errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 255                                     maxshowdevs);
 256                         break;
 257                 case 'o':
 258                         todo |= OBJSTAT;
 259                         break;
 260                 case 'p':
 261                         if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches)
 262                             != 0)
 263                                 xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 264                         break;
 265                 case 's':
 266                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 267                         break;
 268                 case 'w':
 269                         /* Convert to milliseconds. */
 270                         f = atof(optarg);
 271                         interval = f * 1000;
 272                         break;
 273                 case 'z':
 274                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 275                         break;
 276                 case '?':
 277                 default:
 278                         usage();
 279                 }
 280         }
 281         argc -= optind;
 282         argv += optind;
 283
 284         xo_set_version(VMSTAT_XO_VERSION);
 285         if (!hflag)
 286                 xo_set_options(NULL, "no-humanize");
 287         if (todo == 0)
 288                 todo = VMSTAT;
 289
 290         if (memf != NULL) {
 291                 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 292                 if (kd == NULL)
 293                         xo_errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 294         }
 295
 296 retry_nlist:
 297         if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 298                 if (c > 0) {
 299                         bufsize = 0;
 300                         len = 0;
 301
 302                         /*
 303                          * 'cnt' was renamed to 'vm_cnt'.  If 'vm_cnt' is not
 304                          * found try looking up older 'cnt' symbol.
 305                          * */
 306                         if (namelist[X_SUM].n_type == 0 &&
 307                             strcmp(namelist[X_SUM].n_name, "_vm_cnt") == 0) {
 308                                 namelist[X_SUM].n_name = "_cnt";
 309                                 goto retry_nlist;
 310                         }
 311
 312                         /*
 313                          * 'nintrcnt' doesn't exist in older kernels, but
 314                          * that isn't fatal.
 315                          */
 316                         if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0 && c == 1)
 317                                 goto nlist_ok;
 318
 319                         for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
 320                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 321                                         bufsize += strlen(namelist[c].n_name)
 322                                             + 1;
 323                         bufsize += len + 1;
 324                         buf = bp = alloca(bufsize);
 325
 326                         for (c = 0; c < (int)(nitems(namelist)); c++)
 327                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0) {
 328                                         xo_error(" %s",
 329                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 330                                         len = strlen(namelist[c].n_name);
 331                                         *bp++ = ' ';
 332                                         memcpy(bp, namelist[c].n_name, len);
 333                                         bp += len;
 334                                 }
 335                         *bp = '\0';
 336                         xo_error("undefined symbols:\n", buf);
 337                 } else
 338                         xo_warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 339                 xo_finish();
 340                 exit(1);
 341         }
 342 nlist_ok:
 343         if (kd && Pflag)
 344                 xo_errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
 345
 346         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 347                 /*
 348                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 349                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 350                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 351                  */
 352                 if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
 353                         xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 354
 355
 356                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 357         }
 358
 359         if (*argv) {
 360                 f = atof(*argv);
 361                 interval = f * 1000;
 362                 if (*++argv)
 363                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 364         }
 365
 366         if (interval) {
 367                 if (!reps)
 368                         reps = -1;
 369         } else if (reps)
 370                 interval = 1 * 1000;
 371
 372         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 373                 doforkst();
 374         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 375                 domemstat_malloc();
 376         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 377                 domemstat_zone();
 378         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 379                 dosum();
 380         if (todo & OBJSTAT)
 381                 doobjstat();
 382         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 383                 dointr(interval, reps);
 384         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 385                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 386         xo_finish();
 387         exit(0);
 388 }
 389
 390 static int
 391 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp)
 392 {
 393         int error;
 394
 395         error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, NULL, 0);
 396         if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
 397                 xo_err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
 398         return (error);
 399 }
 400
 401 static char **
 402 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 403 {
 404
 405         if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
 406                 xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 407
 408         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 409         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)calloc(1, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 410
 411         if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
 412                 xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 413
 414         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 415         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 416
 417         specified_devices = malloc(sizeof(char *));
 418         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 419                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 420                         break;
 421                 num_devices_specified++;
 422                 specified_devices = reallocf(specified_devices,
 423                     sizeof(char *) * num_devices_specified);
 424                 if (specified_devices == NULL) {
 425                         xo_errx(1, "%s", "reallocf (specified_devices)");
 426                 }
 427                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 428         }
 429         dev_select = NULL;
 430
 431         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 432                 maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 433
 434         /*
 435          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 436          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 437          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 438          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 439          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 440          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 441          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 442          * those devices.
 443          */
 444         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 445                 if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 446                         xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 447                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 448         } else
 449                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 450
 451         /*
 452          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 453          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 454          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 455          */
 456         if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 457             &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 458             num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 459             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 460             maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 461                 xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 462
 463         return(argv);
 464 }
 465
 466 /* Return system uptime in nanoseconds */
 467 static long long
 468 getuptime(void)
 469 {
 470         struct timespec sp;
 471
 472         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &sp);
 473         return((long long)sp.tv_sec * 1000000000LL + sp.tv_nsec);
 474 }
 475
 476 static void
 477 fill_vmmeter(struct __vmmeter *vmmp)
 478 {
 479         struct vmmeter vm_cnt;
 480         size_t size;
 481
 482         if (kd != NULL) {
 483                 kread(X_SUM, &vm_cnt, sizeof(vm_cnt));
 484 #define GET_COUNTER(name) \
 485                 vmmp->name = kvm_counter_u64_fetch(kd, (u_long)vm_cnt.name)
 486                 GET_COUNTER(v_swtch);
 487                 GET_COUNTER(v_trap);
 488                 GET_COUNTER(v_syscall);
 489                 GET_COUNTER(v_intr);
 490                 GET_COUNTER(v_soft);
 491                 GET_COUNTER(v_vm_faults);
 492                 GET_COUNTER(v_io_faults);
 493                 GET_COUNTER(v_cow_faults);
 494                 GET_COUNTER(v_cow_optim);
 495                 GET_COUNTER(v_zfod);
 496                 GET_COUNTER(v_ozfod);
 497                 GET_COUNTER(v_swapin);
 498                 GET_COUNTER(v_swapout);
 499                 GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsin);
 500                 GET_COUNTER(v_swappgsout);
 501                 GET_COUNTER(v_vnodein);
 502                 GET_COUNTER(v_vnodeout);
 503                 GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsin);
 504                 GET_COUNTER(v_vnodepgsout);
 505                 GET_COUNTER(v_intrans);
 506                 GET_COUNTER(v_tfree);
 507                 GET_COUNTER(v_forks);
 508                 GET_COUNTER(v_vforks);
 509                 GET_COUNTER(v_rforks);
 510                 GET_COUNTER(v_kthreads);
 511                 GET_COUNTER(v_forkpages);
 512                 GET_COUNTER(v_vforkpages);
 513                 GET_COUNTER(v_rforkpages);
 514                 GET_COUNTER(v_kthreadpages);
 515 #undef GET_COUNTER
 516         } else {
 517 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name) do {                                    \
 518         size = sizeof(vmmp->name);                                      \
 519         mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size);       \
 520 } while (0)
 521                 /* sys */
 522                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
 523                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
 524                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
 525                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
 526                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
 527
 528                 /* vm */
 529                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
 530                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_io_faults);
 531                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
 532                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
 533                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
 534                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
 535                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
 536                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
 537                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
 538                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
 539                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
 540                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
 541                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
 542                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
 543                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
 544                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
 545                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
 546                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
 547                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdshortfalls);
 548                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
 549                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
 550                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
 551                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
 552                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
 553                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
 554                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
 555                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
 556                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
 557                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
 558                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_user_wire_count);
 559                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
 560                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
 561                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
 562                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_laundry_count);
 563                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
 564                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
 565                 /*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
 566                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
 567                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
 568                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
 569                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
 570                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
 571                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
 572                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
 573                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
 574 #undef GET_VM_STATS
 575         }
 576 }
 577
 578 static void
 579 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
 580 {
 581         size_t size;
 582
 583         if (kd != NULL) {
 584                 /* XXX fill vmtp */
 585                 xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
 586         } else {
 587                 size = sizeof(*vmtp);
 588                 mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size);
 589                 if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
 590                         xo_errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
 591         }
 592 }
 593
 594 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
 595 static void
 596 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
 597 {
 598         long *times;
 599         u_long mask;
 600         size_t size;
 601         int empty, i, j, maxcpu, maxid;
 602
 603         if (kd != NULL)
 604                 xo_errx(1, "not implemented");
 605         mask = 0;
 606         size = sizeof(maxcpu);
 607         mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size);
 608         if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
 609                 xo_errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
 610         size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
 611         times = malloc(size);
 612         if (times == NULL)
 613                 xo_err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
 614         mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size);
 615         maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
 616         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
 617                 empty = 1;
 618                 for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
 619                         if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
 620                                 empty = 0;
 621                 }
 622                 if (!empty)
 623                         mask |= (1ul << i);
 624         }
 625         if (maskp)
 626                 *maskp = mask;
 627         if (maxidp)
 628                 *maxidp = maxid;
 629 }
 630
 631 static void
 632 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
 633 {
 634         struct clockinfo clockrate;
 635         struct vmtotal total;
 636         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 637         u_long cpumask;
 638         size_t size;
 639         time_t uptime, halfuptime;
 640         int maxid, rate_adj, retval;
 641
 642         uptime = getuptime() / 1000000000LL;
 643         halfuptime = uptime / 2;
 644         rate_adj = 1;
 645         maxid = 0;
 646         cpumask = 0;
 647
 648         /*
 649          * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
 650          * print out the header again.
 651          */
 652         (void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 653
 654         /*
 655          * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
 656          * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
 657          * vmstat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
 658          * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
 659          */
 660         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
 661                 wresized = 1;
 662                 (void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
 663         } else {
 664                 wresized = 0;
 665                 winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
 666         }
 667
 668         if (kd != NULL) {
 669                 if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
 670                     namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
 671                         kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 672                 if (!hz)
 673                         kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 674         } else {
 675                 size = sizeof(clockrate);
 676                 mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size);
 677                 if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
 678                         xo_errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
 679                 hz = clockrate.hz;
 680         }
 681
 682         if (Pflag) {
 683                 getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
 684                 size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
 685                 cur_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
 686                 last_cp_times = calloc(1, size_cp_times);
 687         }
 688         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 689                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 690                         printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
 691                 if (kd != NULL) {
 692                         if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
 693                                 xo_errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 694                 } else {
 695                         size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
 696                         mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size);
 697                         if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
 698                                 xo_errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
 699                 }
 700                 if (Pflag) {
 701                         size = size_cp_times;
 702                         mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size);
 703                         if (size != size_cp_times)
 704                                 xo_errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
 705                 }
 706
 707                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 708                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 709                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 710                 last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
 711
 712                 /*
 713                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 714                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 715                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 716                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 717                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 718                  */
 719                 switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
 720                 case -1:
 721                         xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 722                         break;
 723                 case 1:
 724                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 725                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 726
 727                         retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 728                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 729                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 730                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 731                             specified_devices,
 732                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 733                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 734                         switch (retval) {
 735                         case -1:
 736                                 xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 737                                 break;
 738                         case 1:
 739                                 printhdr(maxid, cpumask);
 740                                 break;
 741                         default:
 742                                 break;
 743                         }
 744                         break;
 745                 default:
 746                         break;
 747                 }
 748
 749                 fill_vmmeter(&sum);
 750                 fill_vmtotal(&total);
 751                 xo_open_container("processes");
 752                 xo_emit("{:runnable/%2d} {:waiting/%2ld} "
 753                     "{:swapped-out/%2ld}", total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw +
 754                     total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 755                 xo_close_container("processes");
 756                 xo_open_container("memory");
 757 #define rate(x) (unsigned long)(((x) * rate_adj + halfuptime) / uptime)
 758                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal:available-memory/%ju}{]:}",
 759                     (uintmax_t)total.t_avm * sum.v_page_size);
 760                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal:free-memory/%ju}{]:}",
 761                     (uintmax_t)total.t_free * sum.v_page_size);
 762                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:total-page-faults/%lu}{]:} ",
 763                     rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
 764                 xo_close_container("memory");
 765
 766                 xo_open_container("paging-rates");
 767                 xo_emit("{:page-reactivated/%3lu} ",
 768                     rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
 769                 xo_emit("{:paged-in/%3lu} ",
 770                     rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
 771                     (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
 772                 xo_emit("{:paged-out/%3lu}",
 773                     rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
 774                     (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
 775                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:freed/%lu}{]:}",
 776                     rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
 777                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:scanned/%lu}{]:}",
 778                     rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
 779                 xo_close_container("paging-rates");
 780
 781                 devstats();
 782                 xo_open_container("fault-rates");
 783                 xo_emit(" {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:interrupts/%lu}{]:}"
 784                     " {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:system-calls/%lu}{]:}"
 785                     " {[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:context-switches/%lu}{]:}",
 786                     rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
 787                     rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
 788                     rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
 789                 xo_close_container("fault-rates");
 790                 if (Pflag)
 791                         pcpustats(cpumask, maxid);
 792                 else
 793                         cpustats();
 794                 xo_emit("\n");
 795                 xo_flush();
 796                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 797                         break;
 798                 osum = sum;
 799                 uptime = interval;
 800                 rate_adj = 1000;
 801                 /*
 802                  * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
 803                  * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per millisecond).
 804                  */
 805                 if (interval != 1)
 806                         halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
 807                 else
 808                         halfuptime = 0;
 809                 (void)usleep(interval * 1000);
 810         }
 811 }
 812
 813 static void
 814 printhdr(int maxid, u_long cpumask)
 815 {
 816         int i, num_shown;
 817
 818         num_shown = MIN(num_selected, maxshowdevs);
 819         xo_emit(" {T:procs}    {T:memory}    {T:/page%*s}", 19, "");
 820         if (num_shown > 1)
 821                 xo_emit("   {T:/disks %*s}  ", num_shown * 5 - 7, "");
 822         else if (num_shown == 1)
 823                 xo_emit("   {T:disks} ");
 824         xo_emit(" {T:faults}      ");
 825         if (Pflag) {
 826                 for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
 827                         if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
 828                                 xo_emit("  {T:/cpu%d}   ", i);
 829                 }
 830                 xo_emit("\n");
 831         } else
 832                 xo_emit(" {T:cpu}\n");
 833         xo_emit(" {T:r}  {T:b}  {T:w}  {T:avm}  {T:fre}  {T:flt}  {T:re}"
 834             "  {T:pi}  {T:po}   {T:fr}   {T:sr} ");
 835         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 836                 if ((dev_select[i].selected) &&
 837                     (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 838                         xo_emit("{T:/%3.3s%d} ", dev_select[i].device_name,
 839                             dev_select[i].unit_number);
 840         xo_emit("  {T:in}   {T:sy}   {T:cs}");
 841         if (Pflag) {
 842                 for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
 843                         if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
 844                                 xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}");
 845                 }
 846                 xo_emit("\n");
 847         } else
 848                 xo_emit(" {T:us} {T:sy} {T:id}\n");
 849         if (wresized != 0)
 850                 doresize();
 851         hdrcnt = winlines;
 852 }
 853
 854 /*
 855  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 856  */
 857 static void
 858 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
 859 {
 860
 861         hdrcnt = 1;
 862 }
 863
 864 /*
 865  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
 866  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
 867  * prepended to the next output.
 868  */
 869 void
 870 needresize(int signo __unused)
 871 {
 872
 873         wresized = 1;
 874         hdrcnt = 1;
 875 }
 876
 877 /*
 878  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
 879  */
 880 void
 881 doresize(void)
 882 {
 883         struct winsize w;
 884         int status;
 885
 886         for (;;) {
 887                 status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
 888                 if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
 889                         continue;
 890                 else if (status == -1)
 891                         xo_err(1, "ioctl");
 892                 if (w.ws_row > 3)
 893                         winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
 894                 else
 895                         winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
 896                 break;
 897         }
 898
 899         /*
 900          * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
 901          */
 902         wresized = 0;
 903 }
 904
 905 static long
 906 pct(long top, long bot)
 907 {
 908         long ans;
 909
 910         if (bot == 0)
 911                 return(0);
 912         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 913         return (ans);
 914 }
 915
 916 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 917
 918 static void
 919 dosum(void)
 920 {
 921         struct nchstats lnchstats;
 922         size_t size;
 923         long nchtotal;
 924
 925         fill_vmmeter(&sum);
 926         xo_open_container("summary-statistics");
 927         xo_emit("{:context-switches/%9u} {N:cpu context switches}\n",
 928             sum.v_swtch);
 929         xo_emit("{:interrupts/%9u} {N:device interrupts}\n",
 930             sum.v_intr);
 931         xo_emit("{:software-interrupts/%9u} {N:software interrupts}\n",
 932             sum.v_soft);
 933         xo_emit("{:traps/%9u} {N:traps}\n", sum.v_trap);
 934         xo_emit("{:system-calls/%9u} {N:system calls}\n",
 935             sum.v_syscall);
 936         xo_emit("{:kernel-threads/%9u} {N:kernel threads created}\n",
 937             sum.v_kthreads);
 938         xo_emit("{:forks/%9u} {N: fork() calls}\n", sum.v_forks);
 939         xo_emit("{:vforks/%9u} {N:vfork() calls}\n",
 940             sum.v_vforks);
 941         xo_emit("{:rforks/%9u} {N:rfork() calls}\n",
 942             sum.v_rforks);
 943         xo_emit("{:swap-ins/%9u} {N:swap pager pageins}\n",
 944             sum.v_swapin);
 945         xo_emit("{:swap-in-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged in}\n",
 946             sum.v_swappgsin);
 947         xo_emit("{:swap-outs/%9u} {N:swap pager pageouts}\n",
 948             sum.v_swapout);
 949         xo_emit("{:swap-out-pages/%9u} {N:swap pager pages paged out}\n",
 950             sum.v_swappgsout);
 951         xo_emit("{:vnode-page-ins/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageins}\n",
 952             sum.v_vnodein);
 953         xo_emit("{:vnode-page-in-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged in}\n",
 954             sum.v_vnodepgsin);
 955         xo_emit("{:vnode-page-outs/%9u} {N:vnode pager pageouts}\n",
 956             sum.v_vnodeout);
 957         xo_emit("{:vnode-page-out-pages/%9u} {N:vnode pager pages paged out}\n",
 958             sum.v_vnodepgsout);
 959         xo_emit("{:page-daemon-wakeups/%9u} {N:page daemon wakeups}\n",
 960             sum.v_pdwakeups);
 961         xo_emit("{:page-daemon-pages/%9u} {N:pages examined by the page "
 962             "daemon}\n", sum.v_pdpages);
 963         xo_emit("{:page-reclamation-shortfalls/%9u} {N:clean page reclamation "
 964             "shortfalls}\n", sum.v_pdshortfalls);
 965         xo_emit("{:reactivated/%9u} {N:pages reactivated by the page daemon}\n",
 966             sum.v_reactivated);
 967         xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write faults}\n",
 968             sum.v_cow_faults);
 969         xo_emit("{:copy-on-write-optimized-faults/%9u} {N:copy-on-write "
 970             "optimized faults}\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
 971         xo_emit("{:zero-fill-pages/%9u} {N:zero fill pages zeroed}\n",
 972             sum.v_zfod);
 973         xo_emit("{:zero-fill-prezeroed/%9u} {N:zero fill pages prezeroed}\n",
 974             sum.v_ozfod);
 975         xo_emit("{:intransit-blocking/%9u} {N:intransit blocking page faults}\n",
 976             sum.v_intrans);
 977         xo_emit("{:total-faults/%9u} {N:total VM faults taken}\n",
 978             sum.v_vm_faults);
 979         xo_emit("{:faults-requiring-io/%9u} {N:page faults requiring I\\/O}\n",
 980             sum.v_io_faults);
 981         xo_emit("{:faults-from-thread-creation/%9u} {N:pages affected by "
 982             "kernel thread creation}\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
 983         xo_emit("{:faults-from-fork/%9u} {N:pages affected by  fork}()\n",
 984             sum.v_forkpages);
 985         xo_emit("{:faults-from-vfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by vfork}()\n",
 986             sum.v_vforkpages);
 987         xo_emit("{:pages-rfork/%9u} {N:pages affected by rfork}()\n",
 988             sum.v_rforkpages);
 989         xo_emit("{:pages-freed/%9u} {N:pages freed}\n",
 990             sum.v_tfree);
 991         xo_emit("{:pages-freed-by-daemon/%9u} {N:pages freed by daemon}\n",
 992             sum.v_dfree);
 993         xo_emit("{:pages-freed-on-exit/%9u} {N:pages freed by exiting processes}\n",
 994             sum.v_pfree);
 995         xo_emit("{:active-pages/%9u} {N:pages active}\n",
 996             sum.v_active_count);
 997         xo_emit("{:inactive-pages/%9u} {N:pages inactive}\n",
 998             sum.v_inactive_count);
 999         xo_emit("{:laundry-pages/%9u} {N:pages in the laundry queue}\n",
1000             sum.v_laundry_count);
1001         xo_emit("{:wired-pages/%9u} {N:pages wired down}\n",
1002             sum.v_wire_count);
1003         xo_emit("{:virtual-user-wired-pages/%9lu} {N:virtual user pages wired "
1004             "down}\n", sum.v_user_wire_count);
1005         xo_emit("{:free-pages/%9u} {N:pages free}\n",
1006             sum.v_free_count);
1007         xo_emit("{:bytes-per-page/%9u} {N:bytes per page}\n", sum.v_page_size);
1008         if (kd != NULL) {
1009                 kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
1010         } else {
1011                 size = sizeof(lnchstats);
1012                 mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size);
1013                 if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
1014                         xo_errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
1015         }
1016         nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
1017             lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
1018             lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
1019         xo_emit("{:total-name-lookups/%9ld} {N:total name lookups}\n",
1020             nchtotal);
1021         xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {N:cache hits} "
1022             "({:positive-cache-hits/%ld}% pos + "
1023             "{:negative-cache-hits/%ld}% {N:neg}) "
1024             "system {:cache-hit-percent/%ld}% per-directory\n",
1025             "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
1026             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
1027             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
1028         xo_emit("{P:/%9s} {L:deletions} {:deletions/%ld}%, "
1029             "{L:falsehits} {:false-hits/%ld}%, "
1030             "{L:toolong} {:too-long/%ld}%\n", "",
1031             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
1032             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
1033             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
1034         xo_close_container("summary-statistics");
1035 }
1036
1037 static void
1038 doforkst(void)
1039 {
1040
1041         fill_vmmeter(&sum);
1042         xo_open_container("fork-statistics");
1043         xo_emit("{:fork/%u} {N:forks}, {:fork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1044             "{L:average} {:fork-average/%.2f}\n",
1045             sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
1046             sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1047             (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
1048         xo_emit("{:vfork/%u} {N:vforks}, {:vfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1049             "{L:average} {:vfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1050             sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
1051             sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1052             (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
1053         xo_emit("{:rfork/%u} {N:rforks}, {:rfork-pages/%u} {N:pages}, "
1054             "{L:average} {:rfork-average/%.2f}\n",
1055             sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
1056             sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
1057             (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
1058         xo_close_container("fork-statistics");
1059 }
1060
1061 static void
1062 devstats(void)
1063 {
1064         long double busy_seconds, transfers_per_second;
1065         long tmp;
1066         int di, dn, state;
1067
1068         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1069                 tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
1070                 cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
1071                 last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
1072         }
1073
1074         busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
1075
1076         xo_open_list("device");
1077         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
1078                 if (dev_select[dn].selected == 0 ||
1079                     dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs)
1080                         continue;
1081
1082                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
1083
1084                 if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
1085                     &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
1086                     DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
1087                     DSM_NONE) != 0)
1088                         xo_errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
1089
1090                 xo_open_instance("device");
1091                 xo_emit("{ekq:name/%s%d}",
1092                     dev_select[dn].device_name,
1093                     dev_select[dn].unit_number);
1094                 xo_emit("{[:5}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:transfers/%ju}{]:}",
1095                     (uintmax_t)transfers_per_second);
1096                 xo_close_instance("device");
1097         }
1098         xo_close_list("device");
1099 }
1100
1101 static void
1102 percent(const char *name, long pctv, int *over)
1103 {
1104         char fmt[64];
1105
1106         snprintf(fmt, sizeof(fmt), " {:%s/%%%ulld/%%lld}", name,
1107             (*over && pctv <= 9) ? 1 : 2);
1108         xo_emit(fmt, pctv);
1109         if (*over && pctv <= 9)
1110                 (*over)--;
1111         else if (pctv >= 100)
1112                 (*over)++;
1113 }
1114
1115 static void
1116 cpustats(void)
1117 {
1118         long total;
1119         int state, over;
1120
1121         total = 0;
1122         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1123                 total += cur.cp_time[state];
1124         if (total == 0)
1125                 total = 1;
1126         over = 0;
1127         xo_open_container("cpu-statistics");
1128         percent("user", 100LL * (cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) /
1129             total, &over);
1130         percent("system", 100LL * (cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) /
1131             total, &over);
1132         percent("idle", 100LL * cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] / total, &over);
1133         xo_close_container("cpu-statistics");
1134 }
1135
1136 static void
1137 pcpustats(u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1138 {
1139         long tmp, total;
1140         int i, state, over;
1141
1142         /* devstats does this for cp_time */
1143         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1144                 if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1145                         continue;
1146                 for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1147                         tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1148                         cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i *
1149                             CPUSTATES + state];
1150                         last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1151                 }
1152         }
1153
1154         over = 0;
1155         xo_open_list("cpu");
1156         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1157                 if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1158                         continue;
1159                 xo_open_instance("cpu");
1160                 xo_emit("{ke:name/%d}", i);
1161                 total = 0;
1162                 for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1163                         total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1164                 if (total == 0)
1165                         total = 1;
1166                 percent("user",
1167                     100LL * (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1168                     cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) / total, &over);
1169                 percent("system",
1170                     100LL * (cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1171                     cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) / total, &over);
1172                 percent("idle",
1173                     100LL * cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] / total,
1174                     &over);
1175                 xo_close_instance("cpu");
1176         }
1177         xo_close_list("cpu");
1178 }
1179
1180 static unsigned int
1181 read_intrcnts(unsigned long **intrcnts)
1182 {
1183         size_t intrcntlen;
1184         uintptr_t kaddr;
1185
1186         if (kd != NULL) {
1187                 kread(X_SINTRCNT, &intrcntlen, sizeof(intrcntlen));
1188                 if ((*intrcnts = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1189                         err(1, "malloc()");
1190                 if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0)
1191                         kread(X_INTRCNT, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1192                 else {
1193                         kread(X_INTRCNT, &kaddr, sizeof(kaddr));
1194                         kreadptr(kaddr, *intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1195                 }
1196         } else {
1197                 for (*intrcnts = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1198                         *intrcnts = reallocf(*intrcnts, intrcntlen);
1199                         if (*intrcnts == NULL)
1200                                 err(1, "reallocf()");
1201                         if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt", *intrcnts, &intrcntlen) == 0)
1202                                 break;
1203                 }
1204         }
1205
1206         return (intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long));
1207 }
1208
1209 static void
1210 print_intrcnts(unsigned long *intrcnts, unsigned long *old_intrcnts,
1211     char *intrnames, unsigned int nintr, size_t istrnamlen, long long period_ms)
1212 {
1213         uint64_t inttotal, old_inttotal, total_count, total_rate;
1214         unsigned long count, rate;
1215         unsigned int i;
1216
1217         inttotal = 0;
1218         old_inttotal = 0;
1219         xo_open_list("interrupt");
1220         for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1221                 if (intrnames[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnts != 0 || aflag)) {
1222                         count = *intrcnts - *old_intrcnts;
1223                         rate = ((uint64_t)count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1224                         xo_open_instance("interrupt");
1225                         xo_emit("{d:name/%-*s}{ket:name/%s} "
1226                             "{:total/%20lu} {:rate/%10lu}\n",
1227                             (int)istrnamlen, intrnames, intrnames, count, rate);
1228                         xo_close_instance("interrupt");
1229                 }
1230                 intrnames += strlen(intrnames) + 1;
1231                 inttotal += *intrcnts++;
1232                 old_inttotal += *old_intrcnts++;
1233         }
1234         total_count = inttotal - old_inttotal;
1235         total_rate = (total_count * 1000 + period_ms / 2) / period_ms;
1236         xo_close_list("interrupt");
1237         xo_emit("{L:/%-*s} {:total-interrupts/%20ju} "
1238             "{:total-rate/%10ju}\n", (int)istrnamlen,
1239             "Total", (uintmax_t)total_count, (uintmax_t)total_rate);
1240 }
1241
1242 static void
1243 dointr(unsigned int interval, int reps)
1244 {
1245         unsigned long *intrcnts, *old_intrcnts;
1246         char *intrname, *intrnames;
1247         long long period_ms, old_uptime, uptime;
1248         size_t clen, inamlen, istrnamlen;
1249         uintptr_t kaddr;
1250         unsigned int nintr;
1251
1252         old_intrcnts = NULL;
1253         uptime = getuptime();
1254
1255         /* Get the names of each interrupt source */
1256         if (kd != NULL) {
1257                 kread(X_SINTRNAMES, &inamlen, sizeof(inamlen));
1258                 if ((intrnames = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1259                         xo_err(1, "malloc()");
1260                 if (namelist[X_NINTRCNT].n_type == 0)
1261                         kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrnames, inamlen);
1262                 else {
1263                         kread(X_INTRNAMES, &kaddr, sizeof(kaddr));
1264                         kreadptr(kaddr, intrnames, inamlen);
1265                 }
1266         } else {
1267                 for (intrnames = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1268                         if ((intrnames = reallocf(intrnames, inamlen)) == NULL)
1269                                 xo_err(1, "reallocf()");
1270                         if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames", intrnames, &inamlen) == 0)
1271                                 break;
1272                 }
1273         }
1274
1275         /* Determine the length of the longest interrupt name */
1276         intrname = intrnames;
1277         istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1278         while (intrname < intrnames + inamlen) {
1279                 clen = strlen(intrname);
1280                 if (clen > istrnamlen)
1281                         istrnamlen = clen;
1282                 intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1283         }
1284         xo_emit("{T:/%-*s} {T:/%20s} {T:/%10s}\n",
1285             (int)istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total", "rate");
1286
1287         /*
1288          * Loop reps times printing differential interrupt counts.  If reps is
1289          * zero, then run just once, printing total counts
1290          */
1291         xo_open_container("interrupt-statistics");
1292
1293         period_ms = uptime / 1000000;
1294         while(1) {
1295                 nintr = read_intrcnts(&intrcnts);
1296                 /*
1297                  * Initialize old_intrcnts to 0 for the first pass, so
1298                  * print_intrcnts will print total interrupts since boot
1299                  */
1300                 if (old_intrcnts == NULL) {
1301                         old_intrcnts = calloc(nintr, sizeof(unsigned long));
1302                         if (old_intrcnts == NULL)
1303                                 xo_err(1, "calloc()");
1304                 }
1305
1306                 print_intrcnts(intrcnts, old_intrcnts, intrnames, nintr,
1307                     istrnamlen, period_ms);
1308                 xo_flush();
1309
1310                 free(old_intrcnts);
1311                 old_intrcnts = intrcnts;
1312                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
1313                         break;
1314                 usleep(interval * 1000);
1315                 old_uptime = uptime;
1316                 uptime = getuptime();
1317                 period_ms = (uptime - old_uptime) / 1000000;
1318         }
1319
1320         xo_close_container("interrupt-statistics");
1321 }
1322
1323 static void
1324 domemstat_malloc(void)
1325 {
1326         struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1327         struct memory_type *mtp;
1328         size_t i, zones;
1329         int error, first;
1330
1331         mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1332         if (mtlp == NULL) {
1333                 xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1334                 return;
1335         }
1336         if (kd == NULL) {
1337                 if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1338                         xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1339                             memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1340                         return;
1341                 }
1342         } else {
1343                 if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1344                         error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1345                         if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1346                                 xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1347                                     kvm_geterr(kd));
1348                         else
1349                                 xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1350                                     memstat_strerror(error));
1351                 }
1352         }
1353         xo_open_container("malloc-statistics");
1354         xo_emit("{T:/%16s} {T:/%4s} {T:/%5s} {T:/%3s} {T:Size(s)}\n",
1355             "Type", "Use", "Memory", "Req");
1356         xo_open_list("memory");
1357         zones = memstat_malloc_zone_get_count();
1358         for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1359             mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1360                 if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1361                     memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1362                         continue;
1363                 xo_open_instance("memory");
1364                 xo_emit("{k:type/%16s/%s} "
1365                     "{[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:in-use/%ju}{]:} "
1366                     "{[:5}{h,hn-decimal:memory-use/%ju}{]:} "
1367                     "{[:4}{h,hn-decimal,hn-1000:requests/%ju}{]:} ",
1368                     memstat_get_name(mtp), (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1369                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_bytes(mtp),
1370                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1371                 first = 1;
1372                 xo_open_list("size");
1373                 for (i = 0; i < zones; i++) {
1374                         if (memstat_malloc_zone_used(mtp, i)) {
1375                                 if (!first)
1376                                         xo_emit(",");
1377                                 xo_emit("{lh:size/%d}", memstat_malloc_zone_get_size(i));
1378                                 first = 0;
1379                         }
1380                 }
1381                 xo_close_list("size");
1382                 xo_close_instance("memory");
1383                 xo_emit("\n");
1384         }
1385         xo_close_list("memory");
1386         xo_close_container("malloc-statistics");
1387         memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1388 }
1389
1390 static void
1391 domemstat_zone(void)
1392 {
1393         struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1394         struct memory_type *mtp;
1395         int error, len;
1396
1397         mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1398         if (mtlp == NULL) {
1399                 xo_warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1400                 return;
1401         }
1402         if (kd == NULL) {
1403                 if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1404                         xo_warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1405                             memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1406                         return;
1407                 }
1408         } else {
1409                 if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1410                         error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1411                         if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1412                                 xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1413                                     kvm_geterr(kd));
1414                         else
1415                                 xo_warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1416                                     memstat_strerror(error));
1417                 }
1418         }
1419         xo_open_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1420         xo_emit("{T:/%-19s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%7s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} {T:/%8s} "
1421             "{T:/%4s} {T:/%4s} {T:/%4s}\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1422             "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQ", "FAIL", "SLEEP", "XDOM");
1423         xo_open_list("zone");
1424         for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1425             mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1426                 len = strlen(memstat_get_name(mtp));
1427                 xo_open_instance("zone");
1428                 xo_emit("{k:name/%s}:{d:size/%*ju}{e:size/%ju},"
1429                     "{:limit/%7ju},{:used/%8ju},"
1430                     "{:free/%8ju},{:requests/%8ju},"
1431                     "{:fail/%4ju},{:sleep/%4ju},{:xdomain/%4ju}\n",
1432                     memstat_get_name(mtp), MAX(1, 26 - len),
1433                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_size(mtp),
1434                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_size(mtp),
1435                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1436                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_count(mtp),
1437                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_free(mtp),
1438                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_numallocs(mtp),
1439                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_failures(mtp),
1440                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_sleeps(mtp),
1441                     (uintmax_t)memstat_get_xdomain(mtp));
1442                 xo_close_instance("zone");
1443         }
1444         memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1445         xo_close_list("zone");
1446         xo_close_container("memory-zone-statistics");
1447 }
1448
1449 static void
1450 display_object(struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo)
1451 {
1452         const char *str;
1453
1454         xo_open_instance("object");
1455         xo_emit("{:resident/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_resident);
1456         xo_emit("{:active/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_active);
1457         xo_emit("{:inactive/%5ju} ", (uintmax_t)kvo->kvo_inactive);
1458         xo_emit("{:refcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_ref_count);
1459         xo_emit("{:shadowcount/%3d} ", kvo->kvo_shadow_count);
1460
1461 #define MEMATTR_STR(type, val)                                  \
1462         if (kvo->kvo_memattr == (type)) {                       \
1463                 str = (val);                                    \
1464         } else
1465 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE
1466         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_UNCACHEABLE, "UC")
1467 #endif
1468 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING
1469         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_COMBINING, "WC")
1470 #endif
1471 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH
1472         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_THROUGH, "WT")
1473 #endif
1474 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED
1475         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_PROTECTED, "WP")
1476 #endif
1477 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK
1478         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK, "WB")
1479 #endif
1480 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE
1481         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WEAK_UNCACHEABLE, "UC-")
1482 #endif
1483 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA
1484         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_WB_WA, "WB")
1485 #endif
1486 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE
1487         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_NOCACHE, "NC")
1488 #endif
1489 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE
1490         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE, "DEV")
1491 #endif
1492 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE_NP
1493         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE, "NP")
1494 #endif
1495 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE
1496         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_CACHEABLE, "C")
1497 #endif
1498 #ifdef VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE
1499         MEMATTR_STR(VM_MEMATTR_PREFETCHABLE, "PRE")
1500 #endif
1501         {
1502                 str = "??";
1503         }
1504 #undef MEMATTR_STR
1505         xo_emit("{:attribute/%-3s} ", str);
1506         switch (kvo->kvo_type) {
1507         case KVME_TYPE_NONE:
1508                 str = "--";
1509                 break;
1510         case KVME_TYPE_DEFAULT:
1511                 str = "df";
1512                 break;
1513         case KVME_TYPE_VNODE:
1514                 str = "vn";
1515                 break;
1516         case KVME_TYPE_SWAP:
1517                 str = "sw";
1518                 break;
1519         case KVME_TYPE_DEVICE:
1520                 str = "dv";
1521                 break;
1522         case KVME_TYPE_PHYS:
1523                 str = "ph";
1524                 break;
1525         case KVME_TYPE_DEAD:
1526                 str = "dd";
1527                 break;
1528         case KVME_TYPE_SG:
1529                 str = "sg";
1530                 break;
1531         case KVME_TYPE_MGTDEVICE:
1532                 str = "md";
1533                 break;
1534         case KVME_TYPE_UNKNOWN:
1535         default:
1536                 str = "??";
1537                 break;
1538         }
1539         xo_emit("{:type/%-2s} ", str);
1540         xo_emit("{:path/%-s}\n", kvo->kvo_path);
1541         xo_close_instance("object");
1542 }
1543
1544 static void
1545 doobjstat(void)
1546 {
1547         struct kinfo_vmobject *kvo;
1548         int cnt, i;
1549
1550         kvo = kinfo_getvmobject(&cnt);
1551         if (kvo == NULL) {
1552                 xo_warn("Failed to fetch VM object list");
1553                 return;
1554         }
1555         xo_emit("{T:RES/%5s} {T:ACT/%5s} {T:INACT/%5s} {T:REF/%3s} {T:SHD/%3s} "
1556             "{T:CM/%3s} {T:TP/%2s} {T:PATH/%s}\n");
1557         xo_open_list("object");
1558         for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
1559                 display_object(&kvo[i]);
1560         free(kvo);
1561         xo_close_list("object");
1562 }
1563
1564 /*
1565  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1566  */
1567 static void
1568 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1569 {
1570         const char *sym;
1571
1572         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1573                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1574                 if (*sym == '_')
1575                         ++sym;
1576                 xo_errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1577         }
1578         if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1579             size) != size) {
1580                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1581                 if (*sym == '_')
1582                         ++sym;
1583                 xo_errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1584         }
1585 }
1586
1587 static void
1588 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1589 {
1590
1591         kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1592 }
1593
1594 static void
1595 kreadptr(uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
1596 {
1597
1598         if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, addr, buf, size) != size)
1599                 xo_errx(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
1600 }
1601
1602 static void __dead2
1603 usage(void)
1604 {
1605         xo_error("%s%s",
1606             "usage: vmstat [-afHhimoPsz] [-M core [-N system]] [-c count] [-n devs]\n",
1607             "              [-p type,if,pass] [-w wait] [disks] [wait [count]]\n");
1608         xo_finish();
1609         exit(1);
1610 }