usr.bin/xinstall/xinstall.c

   1 /*-
   2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2013 SRI International
   5  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
   6  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  18  *    without specific prior written permission.
  19  *
  20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  31  */
  32
  33 #ifndef lint
  34 static const char copyright[] =
  35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\n\
  36         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  37 #endif /* not lint */
  38
  39 #if 0
  40 #ifndef lint
  41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)xinstall.c  8.1 (Berkeley) 7/21/93";
  42 #endif /* not lint */
  43 #endif
  44
  45 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  46 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  47
  48 #include <sys/param.h>
  49 #include <sys/mman.h>
  50 #include <sys/mount.h>
  51 #include <sys/stat.h>
  52 #include <sys/time.h>
  53 #include <sys/wait.h>
  54
  55 #include <err.h>
  56 #include <errno.h>
  57 #include <fcntl.h>
  58 #include <grp.h>
  59 #include <libgen.h>
  60 #ifdef WITH_MD5
  61 #include <md5.h>
  62 #endif
  63 #include <paths.h>
  64 #include <pwd.h>
  65 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
  66 #include <ripemd.h>
  67 #endif
  68 #include <sha.h>
  69 #include <sha256.h>
  70 #include <sha512.h>
  71 #include <spawn.h>
  72 #include <stdint.h>
  73 #include <stdio.h>
  74 #include <stdlib.h>
  75 #include <string.h>
  76 #include <sysexits.h>
  77 #include <unistd.h>
  78 #include <vis.h>
  79
  80 #include "mtree.h"
  81
  82 /*
  83  * Memory strategy threshold, in pages: if physmem is larger then this, use a
  84  * large buffer.
  85  */
  86 #define PHYSPAGES_THRESHOLD (32*1024)
  87
  88 /* Maximum buffer size in bytes - do not allow it to grow larger than this. */
  89 #define BUFSIZE_MAX (2*1024*1024)
  90
  91 /*
  92  * Small (default) buffer size in bytes. It's inefficient for this to be
  93  * smaller than MAXPHYS.
  94  */
  95 #define BUFSIZE_SMALL (MAXPHYS)
  96
  97 /*
  98  * We need to build xinstall during the bootstrap stage when building on a
  99  * non-FreeBSD system. Linux does not have the st_flags and st_birthtime
 100  * members in struct stat so we need to omit support for changing those fields.
 101  */
 102 #ifdef UF_SETTABLE
 103 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 1
 104 #else
 105 #define HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS 0
 106 #endif
 107
 108 #define MAX_CMP_SIZE    (16 * 1024 * 1024)
 109
 110 #define LN_ABSOLUTE     0x01
 111 #define LN_RELATIVE     0x02
 112 #define LN_HARD         0x04
 113 #define LN_SYMBOLIC     0x08
 114 #define LN_MIXED        0x10
 115
 116 #define DIRECTORY       0x01            /* Tell install it's a directory. */
 117 #define SETFLAGS        0x02            /* Tell install to set flags. */
 118 #define NOCHANGEBITS    (UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND)
 119 #define BACKUP_SUFFIX   ".old"
 120
 121 typedef union {
 122 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 123         MD5_CTX         MD5;
 124 #endif
 125 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 126         RIPEMD160_CTX   RIPEMD160;
 127 #endif
 128         SHA1_CTX        SHA1;
 129         SHA256_CTX      SHA256;
 130         SHA512_CTX      SHA512;
 131 }       DIGEST_CTX;
 132
 133 static enum {
 134         DIGEST_NONE = 0,
 135 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 136         DIGEST_MD5,
 137 #endif
 138 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 139         DIGEST_RIPEMD160,
 140 #endif
 141         DIGEST_SHA1,
 142         DIGEST_SHA256,
 143         DIGEST_SHA512,
 144 } digesttype = DIGEST_NONE;
 145
 146 extern char **environ;
 147
 148 static gid_t gid;
 149 static uid_t uid;
 150 static int dobackup, docompare, dodir, dolink, dopreserve, dostrip, dounpriv,
 151     safecopy, verbose;
 152 static int haveopt_f, haveopt_g, haveopt_m, haveopt_o;
 153 static mode_t mode = S_IRWXU | S_IRGRP | S_IXGRP | S_IROTH | S_IXOTH;
 154 static FILE *metafp;
 155 static const char *group, *owner;
 156 static const char *suffix = BACKUP_SUFFIX;
 157 static char *destdir, *digest, *fflags, *metafile, *tags;
 158
 159 static int      compare(int, const char *, size_t, int, const char *, size_t,
 160                     char **);
 161 static char     *copy(int, const char *, int, const char *, off_t);
 162 static int      create_newfile(const char *, int, struct stat *);
 163 static int      create_tempfile(const char *, char *, size_t);
 164 static char     *quiet_mktemp(char *template);
 165 static char     *digest_file(const char *);
 166 static void     digest_init(DIGEST_CTX *);
 167 static void     digest_update(DIGEST_CTX *, const char *, size_t);
 168 static char     *digest_end(DIGEST_CTX *, char *);
 169 static int      do_link(const char *, const char *, const struct stat *);
 170 static void     do_symlink(const char *, const char *, const struct stat *);
 171 static void     makelink(const char *, const char *, const struct stat *);
 172 static void     install(const char *, const char *, u_long, u_int);
 173 static void     install_dir(char *);
 174 static void     metadata_log(const char *, const char *, struct timespec *,
 175                     const char *, const char *, off_t);
 176 static int      parseid(const char *, id_t *);
 177 static int      strip(const char *, int, const char *, char **);
 178 static int      trymmap(size_t);
 179 static void     usage(void);
 180
 181 int
 182 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 183 {
 184         struct stat from_sb, to_sb;
 185         mode_t *set;
 186         u_long fset;
 187         int ch, no_target;
 188         u_int iflags;
 189         char *p;
 190         const char *to_name;
 191
 192         fset = 0;
 193         iflags = 0;
 194         group = owner = NULL;
 195         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "B:bCcD:df:g:h:l:M:m:N:o:pSsT:Uv")) !=
 196              -1)
 197                 switch((char)ch) {
 198                 case 'B':
 199                         suffix = optarg;
 200                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
 201                 case 'b':
 202                         dobackup = 1;
 203                         break;
 204                 case 'C':
 205                         docompare = 1;
 206                         break;
 207                 case 'c':
 208                         /* For backwards compatibility. */
 209                         break;
 210                 case 'D':
 211                         destdir = optarg;
 212                         break;
 213                 case 'd':
 214                         dodir = 1;
 215                         break;
 216                 case 'f':
 217                         haveopt_f = 1;
 218                         fflags = optarg;
 219                         break;
 220                 case 'g':
 221                         haveopt_g = 1;
 222                         group = optarg;
 223                         break;
 224                 case 'h':
 225                         digest = optarg;
 226                         break;
 227                 case 'l':
 228                         for (p = optarg; *p != '\0'; p++)
 229                                 switch (*p) {
 230                                 case 's':
 231                                         dolink &= ~(LN_HARD|LN_MIXED);
 232                                         dolink |= LN_SYMBOLIC;
 233                                         break;
 234                                 case 'h':
 235                                         dolink &= ~(LN_SYMBOLIC|LN_MIXED);
 236                                         dolink |= LN_HARD;
 237                                         break;
 238                                 case 'm':
 239                                         dolink &= ~(LN_SYMBOLIC|LN_HARD);
 240                                         dolink |= LN_MIXED;
 241                                         break;
 242                                 case 'a':
 243                                         dolink &= ~LN_RELATIVE;
 244                                         dolink |= LN_ABSOLUTE;
 245                                         break;
 246                                 case 'r':
 247                                         dolink &= ~LN_ABSOLUTE;
 248                                         dolink |= LN_RELATIVE;
 249                                         break;
 250                                 default:
 251                                         errx(1, "%c: invalid link type", *p);
 252                                         /* NOTREACHED */
 253                                 }
 254                         break;
 255                 case 'M':
 256                         metafile = optarg;
 257                         break;
 258                 case 'm':
 259                         haveopt_m = 1;
 260                         if (!(set = setmode(optarg)))
 261                                 errx(EX_USAGE, "invalid file mode: %s",
 262                                      optarg);
 263                         mode = getmode(set, 0);
 264                         free(set);
 265                         break;
 266                 case 'N':
 267                         if (!setup_getid(optarg))
 268                                 err(EX_OSERR, "Unable to use user and group "
 269                                     "databases in `%s'", optarg);
 270                         break;
 271                 case 'o':
 272                         haveopt_o = 1;
 273                         owner = optarg;
 274                         break;
 275                 case 'p':
 276                         docompare = dopreserve = 1;
 277                         break;
 278                 case 'S':
 279                         safecopy = 1;
 280                         break;
 281                 case 's':
 282                         dostrip = 1;
 283                         break;
 284                 case 'T':
 285                         tags = optarg;
 286                         break;
 287                 case 'U':
 288                         dounpriv = 1;
 289                         break;
 290                 case 'v':
 291                         verbose = 1;
 292                         break;
 293                 case '?':
 294                 default:
 295                         usage();
 296                 }
 297         argc -= optind;
 298         argv += optind;
 299
 300         /* some options make no sense when creating directories */
 301         if (dostrip && dodir) {
 302                 warnx("-d and -s may not be specified together");
 303                 usage();
 304         }
 305
 306         if (getenv("DONTSTRIP") != NULL) {
 307                 warnx("DONTSTRIP set - will not strip installed binaries");
 308                 dostrip = 0;
 309         }
 310
 311         /* must have at least two arguments, except when creating directories */
 312         if (argc == 0 || (argc == 1 && !dodir))
 313                 usage();
 314
 315         if (digest != NULL) {
 316                 if (strcmp(digest, "none") == 0) {
 317                         digesttype = DIGEST_NONE;
 318 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 319                 } else if (strcmp(digest, "md5") == 0) {
 320                        digesttype = DIGEST_MD5;
 321 #endif
 322 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 323                 } else if (strcmp(digest, "rmd160") == 0) {
 324                         digesttype = DIGEST_RIPEMD160;
 325 #endif
 326                 } else if (strcmp(digest, "sha1") == 0) {
 327                         digesttype = DIGEST_SHA1;
 328                 } else if (strcmp(digest, "sha256") == 0) {
 329                         digesttype = DIGEST_SHA256;
 330                 } else if (strcmp(digest, "sha512") == 0) {
 331                         digesttype = DIGEST_SHA512;
 332                 } else {
 333                         warnx("unknown digest `%s'", digest);
 334                         usage();
 335                 }
 336         }
 337
 338         /* need to make a temp copy so we can compare stripped version */
 339         if (docompare && dostrip)
 340                 safecopy = 1;
 341
 342         /* get group and owner id's */
 343         if (group != NULL && !dounpriv) {
 344                 if (gid_from_group(group, &gid) == -1) {
 345                         id_t id;
 346                         if (!parseid(group, &id))
 347                                 errx(1, "unknown group %s", group);
 348                         gid = id;
 349                 }
 350         } else
 351                 gid = (gid_t)-1;
 352
 353         if (owner != NULL && !dounpriv) {
 354                 if (uid_from_user(owner, &uid) == -1) {
 355                         id_t id;
 356                         if (!parseid(owner, &id))
 357                                 errx(1, "unknown user %s", owner);
 358                         uid = id;
 359                 }
 360         } else
 361                 uid = (uid_t)-1;
 362
 363         if (fflags != NULL && !dounpriv) {
 364                 if (strtofflags(&fflags, &fset, NULL))
 365                         errx(EX_USAGE, "%s: invalid flag", fflags);
 366                 iflags |= SETFLAGS;
 367         }
 368
 369         if (metafile != NULL) {
 370                 if ((metafp = fopen(metafile, "a")) == NULL)
 371                         warn("open %s", metafile);
 372         } else
 373                 digesttype = DIGEST_NONE;
 374
 375         if (dodir) {
 376                 for (; *argv != NULL; ++argv)
 377                         install_dir(*argv);
 378                 exit(EX_OK);
 379                 /* NOTREACHED */
 380         }
 381
 382         to_name = argv[argc - 1];
 383         no_target = stat(to_name, &to_sb);
 384         if (!no_target && S_ISDIR(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 385                 if (dolink & LN_SYMBOLIC) {
 386                         if (lstat(to_name, &to_sb) != 0)
 387                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s vanished", to_name);
 388                         if (S_ISLNK(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 389                                 if (argc != 2) {
 390                                         errno = ENOTDIR;
 391                                         err(EX_USAGE, "%s", to_name);
 392                                 }
 393                                 install(*argv, to_name, fset, iflags);
 394                                 exit(EX_OK);
 395                         }
 396                 }
 397                 for (; *argv != to_name; ++argv)
 398                         install(*argv, to_name, fset, iflags | DIRECTORY);
 399                 exit(EX_OK);
 400                 /* NOTREACHED */
 401         }
 402
 403         /* can't do file1 file2 directory/file */
 404         if (argc != 2) {
 405                 if (no_target)
 406                         warnx("target directory `%s' does not exist",
 407                             argv[argc - 1]);
 408                 else
 409                         warnx("target `%s' is not a directory",
 410                             argv[argc - 1]);
 411                 usage();
 412         }
 413
 414         if (!no_target && !dolink) {
 415                 if (stat(*argv, &from_sb))
 416                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", *argv);
 417                 if (!S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 418                         errno = EFTYPE;
 419                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 420                 }
 421                 if (to_sb.st_dev == from_sb.st_dev &&
 422                     to_sb.st_ino == from_sb.st_ino)
 423                         errx(EX_USAGE,
 424                             "%s and %s are the same file", *argv, to_name);
 425         }
 426         install(*argv, to_name, fset, iflags);
 427         exit(EX_OK);
 428         /* NOTREACHED */
 429 }
 430
 431 static char *
 432 digest_file(const char *name)
 433 {
 434
 435         switch (digesttype) {
 436 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 437         case DIGEST_MD5:
 438                 return (MD5File(name, NULL));
 439 #endif
 440 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 441         case DIGEST_RIPEMD160:
 442                 return (RIPEMD160_File(name, NULL));
 443 #endif
 444         case DIGEST_SHA1:
 445                 return (SHA1_File(name, NULL));
 446         case DIGEST_SHA256:
 447                 return (SHA256_File(name, NULL));
 448         case DIGEST_SHA512:
 449                 return (SHA512_File(name, NULL));
 450         default:
 451                 return (NULL);
 452         }
 453 }
 454
 455 static void
 456 digest_init(DIGEST_CTX *c)
 457 {
 458
 459         switch (digesttype) {
 460         case DIGEST_NONE:
 461                 break;
 462 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 463         case DIGEST_MD5:
 464                 MD5Init(&(c->MD5));
 465                 break;
 466 #endif
 467 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 468         case DIGEST_RIPEMD160:
 469                 RIPEMD160_Init(&(c->RIPEMD160));
 470                 break;
 471 #endif
 472         case DIGEST_SHA1:
 473                 SHA1_Init(&(c->SHA1));
 474                 break;
 475         case DIGEST_SHA256:
 476                 SHA256_Init(&(c->SHA256));
 477                 break;
 478         case DIGEST_SHA512:
 479                 SHA512_Init(&(c->SHA512));
 480                 break;
 481         }
 482 }
 483
 484 static void
 485 digest_update(DIGEST_CTX *c, const char *data, size_t len)
 486 {
 487
 488         switch (digesttype) {
 489         case DIGEST_NONE:
 490                 break;
 491 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 492         case DIGEST_MD5:
 493                 MD5Update(&(c->MD5), data, len);
 494                 break;
 495 #endif
 496 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 497         case DIGEST_RIPEMD160:
 498                 RIPEMD160_Update(&(c->RIPEMD160), data, len);
 499                 break;
 500 #endif
 501         case DIGEST_SHA1:
 502                 SHA1_Update(&(c->SHA1), data, len);
 503                 break;
 504         case DIGEST_SHA256:
 505                 SHA256_Update(&(c->SHA256), data, len);
 506                 break;
 507         case DIGEST_SHA512:
 508                 SHA512_Update(&(c->SHA512), data, len);
 509                 break;
 510         }
 511 }
 512
 513 static char *
 514 digest_end(DIGEST_CTX *c, char *buf)
 515 {
 516
 517         switch (digesttype) {
 518 #ifdef WITH_MD5
 519         case DIGEST_MD5:
 520                 return (MD5End(&(c->MD5), buf));
 521 #endif
 522 #ifdef WITH_RIPEMD160
 523         case DIGEST_RIPEMD160:
 524                 return (RIPEMD160_End(&(c->RIPEMD160), buf));
 525 #endif
 526         case DIGEST_SHA1:
 527                 return (SHA1_End(&(c->SHA1), buf));
 528         case DIGEST_SHA256:
 529                 return (SHA256_End(&(c->SHA256), buf));
 530         case DIGEST_SHA512:
 531                 return (SHA512_End(&(c->SHA512), buf));
 532         default:
 533                 return (NULL);
 534         }
 535 }
 536
 537 /*
 538  * parseid --
 539  *      parse uid or gid from arg into id, returning non-zero if successful
 540  */
 541 static int
 542 parseid(const char *name, id_t *id)
 543 {
 544         char    *ep;
 545         errno = 0;
 546         *id = (id_t)strtoul(name, &ep, 10);
 547         if (errno || *ep != '\0')
 548                 return (0);
 549         return (1);
 550 }
 551
 552 /*
 553  * quiet_mktemp --
 554  *      mktemp implementation used mkstemp to avoid mktemp warnings.  We
 555  *      really do need mktemp semantics here as we will be creating a link.
 556  */
 557 static char *
 558 quiet_mktemp(char *template)
 559 {
 560         int fd;
 561
 562         if ((fd = mkstemp(template)) == -1)
 563                 return (NULL);
 564         close (fd);
 565         if (unlink(template) == -1)
 566                 err(EX_OSERR, "unlink %s", template);
 567         return (template);
 568 }
 569
 570 /*
 571  * do_link --
 572  *      make a hard link, obeying dorename if set
 573  *      return -1 on failure
 574  */
 575 static int
 576 do_link(const char *from_name, const char *to_name,
 577     const struct stat *target_sb)
 578 {
 579         char tmpl[MAXPATHLEN];
 580         int ret;
 581
 582         if (safecopy && target_sb != NULL) {
 583                 (void)snprintf(tmpl, sizeof(tmpl), "%s.inst.XXXXXX", to_name);
 584                 /* This usage is safe. */
 585                 if (quiet_mktemp(tmpl) == NULL)
 586                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: mktemp", tmpl);
 587                 ret = link(from_name, tmpl);
 588                 if (ret == 0) {
 589                         if (target_sb->st_mode & S_IFDIR && rmdir(to_name) ==
 590                             -1) {
 591                                 unlink(tmpl);
 592                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 593                         }
 594 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 595                         if (target_sb->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 596                                 (void)chflags(to_name, target_sb->st_flags &
 597                                      ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 598 #endif
 599                         if (verbose)
 600                                 printf("install: link %s -> %s\n",
 601                                     from_name, to_name);
 602                         ret = rename(tmpl, to_name);
 603                         /*
 604                          * If rename has posix semantics, then the temporary
 605                          * file may still exist when from_name and to_name point
 606                          * to the same file, so unlink it unconditionally.
 607                          */
 608                         (void)unlink(tmpl);
 609                 }
 610                 return (ret);
 611         } else {
 612                 if (verbose)
 613                         printf("install: link %s -> %s\n",
 614                             from_name, to_name);
 615                 return (link(from_name, to_name));
 616         }
 617 }
 618
 619 /*
 620  * do_symlink --
 621  *      Make a symbolic link, obeying dorename if set. Exit on failure.
 622  */
 623 static void
 624 do_symlink(const char *from_name, const char *to_name,
 625     const struct stat *target_sb)
 626 {
 627         char tmpl[MAXPATHLEN];
 628
 629         if (safecopy && target_sb != NULL) {
 630                 (void)snprintf(tmpl, sizeof(tmpl), "%s.inst.XXXXXX", to_name);
 631                 /* This usage is safe. */
 632                 if (quiet_mktemp(tmpl) == NULL)
 633                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: mktemp", tmpl);
 634
 635                 if (symlink(from_name, tmpl) == -1)
 636                         err(EX_OSERR, "symlink %s -> %s", from_name, tmpl);
 637
 638                 if (target_sb->st_mode & S_IFDIR && rmdir(to_name) == -1) {
 639                         (void)unlink(tmpl);
 640                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 641                 }
 642 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 643                 if (target_sb->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 644                         (void)chflags(to_name, target_sb->st_flags &
 645                              ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 646 #endif
 647                 if (verbose)
 648                         printf("install: symlink %s -> %s\n",
 649                             from_name, to_name);
 650                 if (rename(tmpl, to_name) == -1) {
 651                         /* Remove temporary link before exiting. */
 652                         (void)unlink(tmpl);
 653                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: rename", to_name);
 654                 }
 655         } else {
 656                 if (verbose)
 657                         printf("install: symlink %s -> %s\n",
 658                             from_name, to_name);
 659                 if (symlink(from_name, to_name) == -1)
 660                         err(EX_OSERR, "symlink %s -> %s", from_name, to_name);
 661         }
 662 }
 663
 664 /*
 665  * makelink --
 666  *      make a link from source to destination
 667  */
 668 static void
 669 makelink(const char *from_name, const char *to_name,
 670     const struct stat *target_sb)
 671 {
 672         char    src[MAXPATHLEN], dst[MAXPATHLEN], lnk[MAXPATHLEN];
 673         struct stat     to_sb;
 674
 675         /* Try hard links first. */
 676         if (dolink & (LN_HARD|LN_MIXED)) {
 677                 if (do_link(from_name, to_name, target_sb) == -1) {
 678                         if ((dolink & LN_HARD) || errno != EXDEV)
 679                                 err(EX_OSERR, "link %s -> %s", from_name, to_name);
 680                 } else {
 681                         if (stat(to_name, &to_sb))
 682                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: stat", to_name);
 683                         if (S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 684                                 /*
 685                                  * XXX: hard links to anything other than
 686                                  * plain files are not metalogged
 687                                  */
 688                                 int omode;
 689                                 const char *oowner, *ogroup;
 690                                 char *offlags;
 691                                 char *dres;
 692
 693                                 /*
 694                                  * XXX: use underlying perms, unless
 695                                  * overridden on command line.
 696                                  */
 697                                 omode = mode;
 698                                 if (!haveopt_m)
 699                                         mode = (to_sb.st_mode & 0777);
 700                                 oowner = owner;
 701                                 if (!haveopt_o)
 702                                         owner = NULL;
 703                                 ogroup = group;
 704                                 if (!haveopt_g)
 705                                         group = NULL;
 706                                 offlags = fflags;
 707                                 if (!haveopt_f)
 708                                         fflags = NULL;
 709                                 dres = digest_file(from_name);
 710                                 metadata_log(to_name, "file", NULL, NULL,
 711                                     dres, to_sb.st_size);
 712                                 free(dres);
 713                                 mode = omode;
 714                                 owner = oowner;
 715                                 group = ogroup;
 716                                 fflags = offlags;
 717                         }
 718                         return;
 719                 }
 720         }
 721
 722         /* Symbolic links. */
 723         if (dolink & LN_ABSOLUTE) {
 724                 /* Convert source path to absolute. */
 725                 if (realpath(from_name, src) == NULL)
 726                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: realpath", from_name);
 727                 do_symlink(src, to_name, target_sb);
 728                 /* XXX: src may point outside of destdir */
 729                 metadata_log(to_name, "link", NULL, src, NULL, 0);
 730                 return;
 731         }
 732
 733         if (dolink & LN_RELATIVE) {
 734                 char *to_name_copy, *cp, *d, *ld, *ls, *s;
 735
 736                 if (*from_name != '/') {
 737                         /* this is already a relative link */
 738                         do_symlink(from_name, to_name, target_sb);
 739                         /* XXX: from_name may point outside of destdir. */
 740                         metadata_log(to_name, "link", NULL, from_name, NULL, 0);
 741                         return;
 742                 }
 743
 744                 /* Resolve pathnames. */
 745                 if (realpath(from_name, src) == NULL)
 746                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: realpath", from_name);
 747
 748                 /*
 749                  * The last component of to_name may be a symlink,
 750                  * so use realpath to resolve only the directory.
 751                  */
 752                 to_name_copy = strdup(to_name);
 753                 if (to_name_copy == NULL)
 754                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: strdup", to_name);
 755                 cp = dirname(to_name_copy);
 756                 if (realpath(cp, dst) == NULL)
 757                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: realpath", cp);
 758                 /* .. and add the last component. */
 759                 if (strcmp(dst, "/") != 0) {
 760                         if (strlcat(dst, "/", sizeof(dst)) > sizeof(dst))
 761                                 errx(1, "resolved pathname too long");
 762                 }
 763                 strcpy(to_name_copy, to_name);
 764                 cp = basename(to_name_copy);
 765                 if (strlcat(dst, cp, sizeof(dst)) > sizeof(dst))
 766                         errx(1, "resolved pathname too long");
 767                 free(to_name_copy);
 768
 769                 /* Trim common path components. */
 770                 ls = ld = NULL;
 771                 for (s = src, d = dst; *s == *d; ls = s, ld = d, s++, d++)
 772                         continue;
 773                 /*
 774                  * If we didn't end after a directory separator, then we've
 775                  * falsely matched the last component.  For example, if one
 776                  * invoked install -lrs /lib/foo.so /libexec/ then the source
 777                  * would terminate just after the separator while the
 778                  * destination would terminate in the middle of 'libexec',
 779                  * leading to a full directory getting falsely eaten.
 780                  */
 781                 if ((ls != NULL && *ls != '/') || (ld != NULL && *ld != '/'))
 782                         s--, d--;
 783                 while (*s != '/')
 784                         s--, d--;
 785
 786                 /* Count the number of directories we need to backtrack. */
 787                 for (++d, lnk[0] = '\0'; *d; d++)
 788                         if (*d == '/')
 789                                 (void)strlcat(lnk, "../", sizeof(lnk));
 790
 791                 (void)strlcat(lnk, ++s, sizeof(lnk));
 792
 793                 do_symlink(lnk, to_name, target_sb);
 794                 /* XXX: Link may point outside of destdir. */
 795                 metadata_log(to_name, "link", NULL, lnk, NULL, 0);
 796                 return;
 797         }
 798
 799         /*
 800          * If absolute or relative was not specified, try the names the
 801          * user provided.
 802          */
 803         do_symlink(from_name, to_name, target_sb);
 804         /* XXX: from_name may point outside of destdir. */
 805         metadata_log(to_name, "link", NULL, from_name, NULL, 0);
 806 }
 807
 808 /*
 809  * install --
 810  *      build a path name and install the file
 811  */
 812 static void
 813 install(const char *from_name, const char *to_name, u_long fset, u_int flags)
 814 {
 815         struct stat from_sb, temp_sb, to_sb;
 816         struct timespec tsb[2];
 817         int devnull, files_match, from_fd, serrno, stripped, target;
 818         int tempcopy, temp_fd, to_fd;
 819         char backup[MAXPATHLEN], *p, pathbuf[MAXPATHLEN], tempfile[MAXPATHLEN];
 820         char *digestresult;
 821
 822         digestresult = NULL;
 823         files_match = stripped = 0;
 824         from_fd = -1;
 825         to_fd = -1;
 826
 827         /* If try to install NULL file to a directory, fails. */
 828         if (flags & DIRECTORY || strcmp(from_name, _PATH_DEVNULL)) {
 829                 if (!dolink) {
 830                         if (stat(from_name, &from_sb))
 831                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 832                         if (!S_ISREG(from_sb.st_mode)) {
 833                                 errno = EFTYPE;
 834                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 835                         }
 836                 }
 837                 /* Build the target path. */
 838                 if (flags & DIRECTORY) {
 839                         (void)snprintf(pathbuf, sizeof(pathbuf), "%s%s%s",
 840                             to_name,
 841                             to_name[strlen(to_name) - 1] == '/' ? "" : "/",
 842                             (p = strrchr(from_name, '/')) ? ++p : from_name);
 843                         to_name = pathbuf;
 844                 }
 845                 devnull = 0;
 846         } else {
 847                 devnull = 1;
 848         }
 849
 850         target = (lstat(to_name, &to_sb) == 0);
 851
 852         if (dolink) {
 853                 if (target && !safecopy) {
 854                         if (to_sb.st_mode & S_IFDIR && rmdir(to_name) == -1)
 855                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 856 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 857                         if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 858                                 (void)chflags(to_name,
 859                                     to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 860 #endif
 861                         unlink(to_name);
 862                 }
 863                 makelink(from_name, to_name, target ? &to_sb : NULL);
 864                 return;
 865         }
 866
 867         if (target && !S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode) && !S_ISLNK(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 868                 errno = EFTYPE;
 869                 warn("%s", to_name);
 870                 return;
 871         }
 872
 873         /* Only copy safe if the target exists. */
 874         tempcopy = safecopy && target;
 875
 876         if (!devnull && (from_fd = open(from_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 877                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
 878
 879         /* If we don't strip, we can compare first. */
 880         if (docompare && !dostrip && target && S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 881                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 882                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 883                 if (devnull)
 884                         files_match = to_sb.st_size == 0;
 885                 else
 886                         files_match = !(compare(from_fd, from_name,
 887                             (size_t)from_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 888                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size, &digestresult));
 889
 890                 /* Close "to" file unless we match. */
 891                 if (!files_match)
 892                         (void)close(to_fd);
 893         }
 894
 895         if (!files_match) {
 896                 if (tempcopy) {
 897                         to_fd = create_tempfile(to_name, tempfile,
 898                             sizeof(tempfile));
 899                         if (to_fd < 0)
 900                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 901                 } else {
 902                         if ((to_fd = create_newfile(to_name, target,
 903                             &to_sb)) < 0)
 904                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 905                         if (verbose)
 906                                 (void)printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
 907                                     from_name, to_name);
 908                 }
 909                 if (!devnull) {
 910                         if (dostrip)
 911                             stripped = strip(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name,
 912                                 to_fd, from_name, &digestresult);
 913                         if (!stripped)
 914                             digestresult = copy(from_fd, from_name, to_fd,
 915                                 tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, from_sb.st_size);
 916                 }
 917         }
 918
 919         if (dostrip) {
 920                 if (!stripped)
 921                         (void)strip(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, to_fd,
 922                             NULL, &digestresult);
 923
 924                 /*
 925                  * Re-open our fd on the target, in case
 926                  * we did not strip in-place.
 927                  */
 928                 close(to_fd);
 929                 to_fd = open(tempcopy ? tempfile : to_name, O_RDONLY, 0);
 930                 if (to_fd < 0)
 931                         err(EX_OSERR, "stripping %s", to_name);
 932         }
 933
 934         /*
 935          * Compare the stripped temp file with the target.
 936          */
 937         if (docompare && dostrip && target && S_ISREG(to_sb.st_mode)) {
 938                 temp_fd = to_fd;
 939
 940                 /* Re-open to_fd using the real target name. */
 941                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
 942                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
 943
 944                 if (fstat(temp_fd, &temp_sb)) {
 945                         serrno = errno;
 946                         (void)unlink(tempfile);
 947                         errno = serrno;
 948                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", tempfile);
 949                 }
 950
 951                 if (compare(temp_fd, tempfile, (size_t)temp_sb.st_size, to_fd,
 952                             to_name, (size_t)to_sb.st_size, &digestresult)
 953                             == 0) {
 954                         /*
 955                          * If target has more than one link we need to
 956                          * replace it in order to snap the extra links.
 957                          * Need to preserve target file times, though.
 958                          */
 959                         if (to_sb.st_nlink != 1) {
 960                                 tsb[0] = to_sb.st_atim;
 961                                 tsb[1] = to_sb.st_mtim;
 962                                 (void)utimensat(AT_FDCWD, tempfile, tsb, 0);
 963                         } else {
 964                                 files_match = 1;
 965                                 (void)unlink(tempfile);
 966                         }
 967                         (void) close(temp_fd);
 968                 }
 969         } else if (dostrip)
 970                 digestresult = digest_file(tempfile);
 971
 972         /*
 973          * Move the new file into place if doing a safe copy
 974          * and the files are different (or just not compared).
 975          */
 976         if (tempcopy && !files_match) {
 977 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 978                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
 979                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 980                         (void)chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
 981 #endif
 982                 if (dobackup) {
 983                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s", to_name,
 984                             suffix) != strlen(to_name) + strlen(suffix)) {
 985                                 unlink(tempfile);
 986                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
 987                                     to_name);
 988                         }
 989                         if (verbose)
 990                                 (void)printf("install: %s -> %s\n", to_name, backup);
 991                         if (unlink(backup) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
 992                                 serrno = errno;
 993 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
 994                                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
 995                                         (void)chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags);
 996 #endif
 997                                 unlink(tempfile);
 998                                 errno = serrno;
 999                                 err(EX_OSERR, "unlink: %s", backup);
1000                         }
1001                         if (link(to_name, backup) < 0) {
1002                                 serrno = errno;
1003                                 unlink(tempfile);
1004 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1005                                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
1006                                         (void)chflags(to_name, to_sb.st_flags);
1007 #endif
1008                                 errno = serrno;
1009                                 err(EX_OSERR, "link: %s to %s", to_name,
1010                                      backup);
1011                         }
1012                 }
1013                 if (verbose)
1014                         (void)printf("install: %s -> %s\n", from_name, to_name);
1015                 if (rename(tempfile, to_name) < 0) {
1016                         serrno = errno;
1017                         unlink(tempfile);
1018                         errno = serrno;
1019                         err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s",
1020                             tempfile, to_name);
1021                 }
1022
1023                 /* Re-open to_fd so we aren't hosed by the rename(2). */
1024                 (void) close(to_fd);
1025                 if ((to_fd = open(to_name, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
1026                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
1027         }
1028
1029         /*
1030          * Preserve the timestamp of the source file if necessary.
1031          */
1032         if (dopreserve && !files_match && !devnull) {
1033                 tsb[0] = from_sb.st_atim;
1034                 tsb[1] = from_sb.st_mtim;
1035                 (void)utimensat(AT_FDCWD, to_name, tsb, 0);
1036         }
1037
1038         if (fstat(to_fd, &to_sb) == -1) {
1039                 serrno = errno;
1040                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1041                 errno = serrno;
1042                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
1043         }
1044
1045         /*
1046          * Set owner, group, mode for target; do the chown first,
1047          * chown may lose the setuid bits.
1048          */
1049         if (!dounpriv && ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
1050             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid) ||
1051             (mode != (to_sb.st_mode & ALLPERMS)))) {
1052 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1053                 /* Try to turn off the immutable bits. */
1054                 if (to_sb.st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
1055                         (void)fchflags(to_fd, to_sb.st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
1056 #endif
1057         }
1058
1059         if (!dounpriv && ((gid != (gid_t)-1 && gid != to_sb.st_gid) ||
1060             (uid != (uid_t)-1 && uid != to_sb.st_uid))) {
1061                 if (fchown(to_fd, uid, gid) == -1) {
1062                         serrno = errno;
1063                         (void)unlink(to_name);
1064                         errno = serrno;
1065                         err(EX_OSERR,"%s: chown/chgrp", to_name);
1066                 }
1067         }
1068         if (mode != (to_sb.st_mode & ALLPERMS)) {
1069                 if (fchmod(to_fd,
1070                     dounpriv ? mode & (S_IRWXU|S_IRWXG|S_IRWXO) : mode)) {
1071                         serrno = errno;
1072                         (void)unlink(to_name);
1073                         errno = serrno;
1074                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chmod", to_name);
1075                 }
1076         }
1077 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1078         /*
1079          * If provided a set of flags, set them, otherwise, preserve the
1080          * flags, except for the dump flag.
1081          * NFS does not support flags.  Ignore EOPNOTSUPP flags if we're just
1082          * trying to turn off UF_NODUMP.  If we're trying to set real flags,
1083          * then warn if the fs doesn't support it, otherwise fail.
1084          */
1085         if (!dounpriv && !devnull && (flags & SETFLAGS ||
1086             (from_sb.st_flags & ~UF_NODUMP) != to_sb.st_flags) &&
1087             fchflags(to_fd,
1088             flags & SETFLAGS ? fset : from_sb.st_flags & ~UF_NODUMP)) {
1089                 if (flags & SETFLAGS) {
1090                         if (errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
1091                                 warn("%s: chflags", to_name);
1092                         else {
1093                                 serrno = errno;
1094                                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1095                                 errno = serrno;
1096                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s: chflags", to_name);
1097                         }
1098                 }
1099         }
1100 #endif
1101
1102         (void)close(to_fd);
1103         if (!devnull)
1104                 (void)close(from_fd);
1105
1106         metadata_log(to_name, "file", tsb, NULL, digestresult, to_sb.st_size);
1107         free(digestresult);
1108 }
1109
1110 /*
1111  * compare --
1112  *      Compare two files; non-zero means files differ.
1113  *      Compute digest and return its address in *dresp
1114  *      unless it points to pre-computed digest.
1115  */
1116 static int
1117 compare(int from_fd, const char *from_name __unused, size_t from_len,
1118         int to_fd, const char *to_name __unused, size_t to_len,
1119         char **dresp)
1120 {
1121         char *p, *q;
1122         int rv;
1123         int do_digest, done_compare;
1124         DIGEST_CTX ctx;
1125
1126         rv = 0;
1127         if (from_len != to_len)
1128                 return 1;
1129
1130         do_digest = (digesttype != DIGEST_NONE && dresp != NULL &&
1131             *dresp == NULL);
1132         if (from_len <= MAX_CMP_SIZE) {
1133                 if (do_digest)
1134                         digest_init(&ctx);
1135                 done_compare = 0;
1136                 if (trymmap(from_len) && trymmap(to_len)) {
1137                         p = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
1138                             from_fd, (off_t)0);
1139                         if (p == MAP_FAILED)
1140                                 goto out;
1141                         q = mmap(NULL, from_len, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
1142                             to_fd, (off_t)0);
1143                         if (q == MAP_FAILED) {
1144                                 munmap(p, from_len);
1145                                 goto out;
1146                         }
1147
1148                         rv = memcmp(p, q, from_len);
1149                         if (do_digest)
1150                                 digest_update(&ctx, p, from_len);
1151                         munmap(p, from_len);
1152                         munmap(q, from_len);
1153                         done_compare = 1;
1154                 }
1155         out:
1156                 if (!done_compare) {
1157                         static char *buf, *buf1, *buf2;
1158                         static size_t bufsize;
1159                         int n1, n2;
1160
1161                         if (buf == NULL) {
1162                                 /*
1163                                  * Note that buf and bufsize are static. If
1164                                  * malloc() fails, it will fail at the start
1165                                  * and not copy only some files.
1166                                  */
1167                                 if (sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES) >
1168                                     PHYSPAGES_THRESHOLD)
1169                                         bufsize = MIN(BUFSIZE_MAX, MAXPHYS * 8);
1170                                 else
1171                                         bufsize = BUFSIZE_SMALL;
1172                                 buf = malloc(bufsize * 2);
1173                                 if (buf == NULL)
1174                                         err(1, "Not enough memory");
1175                                 buf1 = buf;
1176                                 buf2 = buf + bufsize;
1177                         }
1178                         rv = 0;
1179                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
1180                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
1181                         while (rv == 0) {
1182                                 n1 = read(from_fd, buf1, bufsize);
1183                                 if (n1 == 0)
1184                                         break;          /* EOF */
1185                                 else if (n1 > 0) {
1186                                         n2 = read(to_fd, buf2, n1);
1187                                         if (n2 == n1)
1188                                                 rv = memcmp(buf1, buf2, n1);
1189                                         else
1190                                                 rv = 1; /* out of sync */
1191                                 } else
1192                                         rv = 1;         /* read failure */
1193                                 if (do_digest)
1194                                         digest_update(&ctx, buf1, n1);
1195                         }
1196                         lseek(from_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
1197                         lseek(to_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
1198                 }
1199         } else
1200                 rv = 1; /* don't bother in this case */
1201
1202         if (do_digest) {
1203                 if (rv == 0)
1204                         *dresp = digest_end(&ctx, NULL);
1205                 else
1206                         (void)digest_end(&ctx, NULL);
1207         }
1208
1209         return rv;
1210 }
1211
1212 /*
1213  * create_tempfile --
1214  *      create a temporary file based on path and open it
1215  */
1216 static int
1217 create_tempfile(const char *path, char *temp, size_t tsize)
1218 {
1219         char *p;
1220
1221         (void)strncpy(temp, path, tsize);
1222         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
1223         if ((p = strrchr(temp, '/')) != NULL)
1224                 p++;
1225         else
1226                 p = temp;
1227         (void)strncpy(p, "INS@XXXXXX", &temp[tsize - 1] - p);
1228         temp[tsize - 1] = '\0';
1229         return (mkstemp(temp));
1230 }
1231
1232 /*
1233  * create_newfile --
1234  *      create a new file, overwriting an existing one if necessary
1235  */
1236 static int
1237 create_newfile(const char *path, int target, struct stat *sbp)
1238 {
1239         char backup[MAXPATHLEN];
1240         int saved_errno = 0;
1241         int newfd;
1242
1243         if (target) {
1244                 /*
1245                  * Unlink now... avoid ETXTBSY errors later.  Try to turn
1246                  * off the append/immutable bits -- if we fail, go ahead,
1247                  * it might work.
1248                  */
1249 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1250                 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
1251                         (void)chflags(path, sbp->st_flags & ~NOCHANGEBITS);
1252 #endif
1253
1254                 if (dobackup) {
1255                         if ((size_t)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
1256                             path, suffix) != strlen(path) + strlen(suffix)) {
1257                                 saved_errno = errno;
1258 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1259                                 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
1260                                         (void)chflags(path, sbp->st_flags);
1261 #endif
1262                                 errno = saved_errno;
1263                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s: backup filename too long",
1264                                     path);
1265                         }
1266                         (void)snprintf(backup, MAXPATHLEN, "%s%s",
1267                             path, suffix);
1268                         if (verbose)
1269                                 (void)printf("install: %s -> %s\n",
1270                                     path, backup);
1271                         if (rename(path, backup) < 0) {
1272                                 saved_errno = errno;
1273 #if HAVE_STRUCT_STAT_ST_FLAGS
1274                                 if (sbp->st_flags & NOCHANGEBITS)
1275                                         (void)chflags(path, sbp->st_flags);
1276 #endif
1277                                 errno = saved_errno;
1278                                 err(EX_OSERR, "rename: %s to %s", path, backup);
1279                         }
1280                 } else
1281                         if (unlink(path) < 0)
1282                                 saved_errno = errno;
1283         }
1284
1285         newfd = open(path, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC, S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR);
1286         if (newfd < 0 && saved_errno != 0)
1287                 errno = saved_errno;
1288         return newfd;
1289 }
1290
1291 /*
1292  * copy --
1293  *      copy from one file to another
1294  */
1295 static char *
1296 copy(int from_fd, const char *from_name, int to_fd, const char *to_name,
1297     off_t size)
1298 {
1299         static char *buf = NULL;
1300         static size_t bufsize;
1301         int nr, nw;
1302         int serrno;
1303         char *p;
1304         int done_copy;
1305         DIGEST_CTX ctx;
1306
1307         /* Rewind file descriptors. */
1308         if (lseek(from_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
1309                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", from_name);
1310         if (lseek(to_fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
1311                 err(EX_OSERR, "lseek: %s", to_name);
1312
1313         digest_init(&ctx);
1314
1315         done_copy = 0;
1316         if (trymmap((size_t)size) &&
1317             (p = mmap(NULL, (size_t)size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
1318                     from_fd, (off_t)0)) != MAP_FAILED) {
1319                 nw = write(to_fd, p, size);
1320                 if (nw != size) {
1321                         serrno = errno;
1322                         (void)unlink(to_name);
1323                         if (nw >= 0) {
1324                                 errx(EX_OSERR,
1325      "short write to %s: %jd bytes written, %jd bytes asked to write",
1326                                     to_name, (uintmax_t)nw, (uintmax_t)size);
1327                         } else {
1328                                 errno = serrno;
1329                                 err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
1330                         }
1331                 }
1332                 digest_update(&ctx, p, size);
1333                 (void)munmap(p, size);
1334                 done_copy = 1;
1335         }
1336         if (!done_copy) {
1337                 if (buf == NULL) {
1338                         /*
1339                          * Note that buf and bufsize are static. If
1340                          * malloc() fails, it will fail at the start
1341                          * and not copy only some files.
1342                          */
1343                         if (sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES) >
1344                             PHYSPAGES_THRESHOLD)
1345                                 bufsize = MIN(BUFSIZE_MAX, MAXPHYS * 8);
1346                         else
1347                                 bufsize = BUFSIZE_SMALL;
1348                         buf = malloc(bufsize);
1349                         if (buf == NULL)
1350                                 err(1, "Not enough memory");
1351                 }
1352                 while ((nr = read(from_fd, buf, bufsize)) > 0) {
1353                         if ((nw = write(to_fd, buf, nr)) != nr) {
1354                                 serrno = errno;
1355                                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1356                                 if (nw >= 0) {
1357                                         errx(EX_OSERR,
1358      "short write to %s: %jd bytes written, %jd bytes asked to write",
1359                                             to_name, (uintmax_t)nw,
1360                                             (uintmax_t)size);
1361                                 } else {
1362                                         errno = serrno;
1363                                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", to_name);
1364                                 }
1365                         }
1366                         digest_update(&ctx, buf, nr);
1367                 }
1368                 if (nr != 0) {
1369                         serrno = errno;
1370                         (void)unlink(to_name);
1371                         errno = serrno;
1372                         err(EX_OSERR, "%s", from_name);
1373                 }
1374         }
1375         if (safecopy && fsync(to_fd) == -1) {
1376                 serrno = errno;
1377                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1378                 errno = serrno;
1379                 err(EX_OSERR, "fsync failed for %s", to_name);
1380         }
1381         return (digest_end(&ctx, NULL));
1382 }
1383
1384 /*
1385  * strip --
1386  *      Use strip(1) to strip the target file.
1387  *      Just invoke strip(1) on to_name if from_name is NULL, else try
1388  *      to run "strip -o to_name from_name" and return 0 on failure.
1389  *      Return 1 on success and assign result of digest_file(to_name)
1390  *      to *dresp.
1391  */
1392 static int
1393 strip(const char *to_name, int to_fd, const char *from_name, char **dresp)
1394 {
1395         const char *stripbin;
1396         const char *args[5];
1397         char *prefixed_from_name;
1398         pid_t pid;
1399         int error, serrno, status;
1400
1401         prefixed_from_name = NULL;
1402         stripbin = getenv("STRIPBIN");
1403         if (stripbin == NULL)
1404                 stripbin = "strip";
1405         args[0] = stripbin;
1406         if (from_name == NULL) {
1407                 args[1] = to_name;
1408                 args[2] = NULL;
1409         } else {
1410                 args[1] = "-o";
1411                 args[2] = to_name;
1412
1413                 /* Prepend './' if from_name begins with '-' */
1414                 if (from_name[0] == '-') {
1415                         if (asprintf(&prefixed_from_name, "./%s", from_name) == -1)
1416                                 return (0);
1417                         args[3] = prefixed_from_name;
1418                 } else {
1419                         args[3] = from_name;
1420                 }
1421                 args[4] = NULL;
1422         }
1423         error = posix_spawnp(&pid, stripbin, NULL, NULL,
1424             __DECONST(char **, args), environ);
1425         if (error != 0) {
1426                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1427                 errc(error == EAGAIN || error == EPROCLIM || error == ENOMEM ?
1428                     EX_TEMPFAIL : EX_OSERR, error, "spawn %s", stripbin);
1429         }
1430         free(prefixed_from_name);
1431         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) == -1) {
1432                 error = errno;
1433                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1434                 errc(EX_SOFTWARE, error, "wait");
1435                 /* NOTREACHED */
1436         }
1437         if (status != 0) {
1438                 if (from_name != NULL)
1439                         return (0);
1440                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1441                 errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "strip command %s failed on %s",
1442                     stripbin, to_name);
1443         }
1444         if (from_name != NULL && safecopy && fsync(to_fd) == -1) {
1445                 serrno = errno;
1446                 (void)unlink(to_name);
1447                 errno = serrno;
1448                 err(EX_OSERR, "fsync failed for %s", to_name);
1449         }
1450         if (dresp != NULL)
1451                 *dresp = digest_file(to_name);
1452         return (1);
1453 }
1454
1455 /*
1456  * install_dir --
1457  *      build directory hierarchy
1458  */
1459 static void
1460 install_dir(char *path)
1461 {
1462         char *p;
1463         struct stat sb;
1464         int ch, tried_mkdir;
1465
1466         for (p = path;; ++p)
1467                 if (!*p || (p != path && *p  == '/')) {
1468                         tried_mkdir = 0;
1469                         ch = *p;
1470                         *p = '\0';
1471 again:
1472                         if (stat(path, &sb) != 0) {
1473                                 if (errno != ENOENT || tried_mkdir)
1474                                         err(EX_OSERR, "stat %s", path);
1475                                 if (mkdir(path, 0755) < 0) {
1476                                         tried_mkdir = 1;
1477                                         if (errno == EEXIST)
1478                                                 goto again;
1479                                         err(EX_OSERR, "mkdir %s", path);
1480                                 }
1481                                 if (verbose)
1482                                         (void)printf("install: mkdir %s\n",
1483                                             path);
1484                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode))
1485                                 errx(EX_OSERR, "%s exists but is not a directory", path);
1486                         if (!(*p = ch))
1487                                 break;
1488                 }
1489
1490         if (!dounpriv) {
1491                 if ((gid != (gid_t)-1 || uid != (uid_t)-1) &&
1492                     chown(path, uid, gid))
1493                         warn("chown %u:%u %s", uid, gid, path);
1494                 /* XXXBED: should we do the chmod in the dounpriv case? */
1495                 if (chmod(path, mode))
1496                         warn("chmod %o %s", mode, path);
1497         }
1498         metadata_log(path, "dir", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1499 }
1500
1501 /*
1502  * metadata_log --
1503  *      if metafp is not NULL, output mtree(8) full path name and settings to
1504  *      metafp, to allow permissions to be set correctly by other tools,
1505  *      or to allow integrity checks to be performed.
1506  */
1507 static void
1508 metadata_log(const char *path, const char *type, struct timespec *ts,
1509         const char *slink, const char *digestresult, off_t size)
1510 {
1511         static const char extra[] = { ' ', '\t', '\n', '\\', '#', '\0' };
1512         const char *p;
1513         char *buf;
1514         size_t destlen;
1515         struct flock metalog_lock;
1516
1517         if (!metafp)
1518                 return;
1519         /* Buffer for strsvis(3). */
1520         buf = (char *)malloc(4 * strlen(path) + 1);
1521         if (buf == NULL) {
1522                 warnx("%s", strerror(ENOMEM));
1523                 return;
1524         }
1525
1526         /* Lock log file. */
1527         metalog_lock.l_start = 0;
1528         metalog_lock.l_len = 0;
1529         metalog_lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
1530         metalog_lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
1531         if (fcntl(fileno(metafp), F_SETLKW, &metalog_lock) == -1) {
1532                 warn("can't lock %s", metafile);
1533                 free(buf);
1534                 return;
1535         }
1536
1537         /* Remove destdir. */
1538         p = path;
1539         if (destdir) {
1540                 destlen = strlen(destdir);
1541                 if (strncmp(p, destdir, destlen) == 0 &&
1542                     (p[destlen] == '/' || p[destlen] == '\0'))
1543                         p += destlen;
1544         }
1545         while (*p && *p == '/')
1546                 p++;
1547         strsvis(buf, p, VIS_OCTAL, extra);
1548         p = buf;
1549         /* Print details. */
1550         fprintf(metafp, ".%s%s type=%s", *p ? "/" : "", p, type);
1551         if (owner)
1552                 fprintf(metafp, " uname=%s", owner);
1553         if (group)
1554                 fprintf(metafp, " gname=%s", group);
1555         fprintf(metafp, " mode=%#o", mode);
1556         if (slink) {
1557                 strsvis(buf, slink, VIS_CSTYLE, extra); /* encode link */
1558                 fprintf(metafp, " link=%s", buf);
1559         }
1560         if (*type == 'f') /* type=file */
1561                 fprintf(metafp, " size=%lld", (long long)size);
1562         if (ts != NULL && dopreserve)
1563                 fprintf(metafp, " time=%lld.%09ld",
1564                         (long long)ts[1].tv_sec, ts[1].tv_nsec);
1565         if (digestresult && digest)
1566                 fprintf(metafp, " %s=%s", digest, digestresult);
1567         if (fflags)
1568                 fprintf(metafp, " flags=%s", fflags);
1569         if (tags)
1570                 fprintf(metafp, " tags=%s", tags);
1571         fputc('\n', metafp);
1572         /* Flush line. */
1573         fflush(metafp);
1574
1575         /* Unlock log file. */
1576         metalog_lock.l_type = F_UNLCK;
1577         if (fcntl(fileno(metafp), F_SETLKW, &metalog_lock) == -1)
1578                 warn("can't unlock %s", metafile);
1579         free(buf);
1580 }
1581
1582 /*
1583  * usage --
1584  *      print a usage message and die
1585  */
1586 static void
1587 usage(void)
1588 {
1589         (void)fprintf(stderr,
1590 "usage: install [-bCcpSsUv] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode] [-o owner]\n"
1591 "               [-M log] [-D dest] [-h hash] [-T tags]\n"
1592 "               [-B suffix] [-l linkflags] [-N dbdir]\n"
1593 "               file1 file2\n"
1594 "       install [-bCcpSsUv] [-f flags] [-g group] [-m mode] [-o owner]\n"
1595 "               [-M log] [-D dest] [-h hash] [-T tags]\n"
1596 "               [-B suffix] [-l linkflags] [-N dbdir]\n"
1597 "               file1 ... fileN directory\n"
1598 "       install -dU [-vU] [-g group] [-m mode] [-N dbdir] [-o owner]\n"
1599 "               [-M log] [-D dest] [-h hash] [-T tags]\n"
1600 "               directory ...\n");
1601         exit(EX_USAGE);
1602         /* NOTREACHED */
1603 }
1604
1605 /*
1606  * trymmap --
1607  *      return true (1) if mmap should be tried, false (0) if not.
1608  */
1609 static int
1610 trymmap(size_t filesize)
1611 {
1612         /*
1613          * This function existed to skip mmap() for NFS file systems whereas
1614          * nowadays mmap() should be perfectly safe. Nevertheless, using mmap()
1615          * only reduces the number of system calls if we need multiple read()
1616          * syscalls, i.e. if the file size is > MAXBSIZE. However, mmap() is
1617          * more expensive than read() so set the threshold at 4 fewer syscalls.
1618          * Additionally, for larger file size mmap() can significantly increase
1619          * the number of page faults, so avoid it in that case.
1620          *
1621          * Note: the 8MB limit is not based on any meaningful benchmarking
1622          * results, it is simply reusing the same value that was used before
1623          * and also matches bin/cp.
1624          *
1625          * XXX: Maybe we shouldn't bother with mmap() at all, since we use
1626          * MAXBSIZE the syscall overhead of read() shouldn't be too high?
1627          */
1628         return (filesize > 4 * MAXBSIZE && filesize < 8 * 1024 * 1024);
1629 }