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33 .Dd September 10, 1999
38 .Nd configure Aironet 4500/4800 devices
53 .Fl i Ar iface Fl t Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4
55 .Fl i Ar iface Fl s Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3
58 .Op Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 4
61 .Fl i Ar iface Fl b Ar beacon_period
65 .Fl d Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3
67 .Fl i Ar iface Fl e Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4
70 .Op Fl v Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 8
74 .Fl K Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2
77 .Fl W Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2
82 .Fl i Ar iface Fl j Ar netjoin_timeout
84 .Fl i Ar iface Fl l Ar station_name
86 .Fl i Ar iface Fl m Ar mac_address
89 .Op Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 3
92 .Fl i Ar iface Fl o Cm 0 | 1
94 .Fl i Ar iface Fl p Ar tx_power
96 .Fl i Ar iface Fl c Ar frequency
98 .Fl i Ar iface Fl f Ar fragmentation_threshold
100 .Fl i Ar iface Fl r Ar RTS_threshold
102 .Fl i Ar iface Fl M Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 15
108 command controls the operation of Aironet wireless networking
112 Most of the parameters that can be changed relate to the
113 IEEE 802.11 protocol which the Aironet cards implement.
114 This includes such things as
115 the station name, whether the station is operating in ad-hoc (point
116 to point) or infrastructure mode, and the network name of a service
120 command can also be used to view the current NIC status, configuration
121 and to dump out the values of the card's statistics counters.
127 should be the logical interface name associated with the Aironet
131 If one isn't specified the device
137 command is not designed to support the combination of arguments from different
141 invocation, and such combinations are not recommended.
143 The options are as follows:
144 .Bl -tag -width indent
145 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl A
146 Display the preferred access point list.
147 The AP list can be used by
148 stations to specify the MAC address of access points with which it
150 If no AP list is specified (the default) then
151 the station will associate with the first access point that it finds
152 which serves the SSID(s) specified in the SSID list.
157 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl N
158 Display the SSID list.
159 This is a list of service set IDs (i.e., network names)
160 with which the station wishes to associate.
161 There may be up to three SSIDs
162 in the list: the station will go through the list in ascending order and
163 associate with the first matching SSID that it finds.
164 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl S
165 Display NIC status information.
166 This includes the current operating
167 status, current BSSID, SSID, channel, beacon period and currently
168 associated access point.
169 The operating mode indicates the state of
170 the NIC, MAC status and receiver status.
174 appears, it means the NIC has successfully associated with an access
175 point, associated with an ad-hoc
180 The beacon period can be anything between 20 and 976 milliseconds.
182 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl I
183 Display NIC capability information.
184 This shows the device type,
185 frequency, speed and power level capabilities and firmware revision levels.
186 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl T
187 Display the NIC's internal statistics counters.
188 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl C
189 Display current NIC configuration.
190 This shows the current operation mode,
191 receive mode, MAC address, power save settings, various timing settings,
192 channel selection, diversity, transmit power and transmit speed.
193 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl t Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4
194 Select transmit speed.
195 The available settings are as follows:
196 .Bl -column ".Em TX rate" -offset indent
197 .Em "TX rate NIC speed"
198 .It Cm 0 Ta "Auto -- NIC selects optimal speed"
199 .It Cm 1 Ta "1Mbps fixed"
200 .It Cm 2 Ta "2Mbps fixed"
201 .It Cm 3 Ta "5.5Mbps fixed"
202 .It Cm 4 Ta "11Mbps fixed"
205 Note that the 5.5 and 11Mbps settings are only supported on the 4800
206 series adapters: the 4500 series adapters have a maximum speed of 2Mbps.
207 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl s Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3
209 Valid selections are as follows:
210 .Bl -column ".Em Selection" -offset indent
211 .Em "Selection Power save mode"
212 .It Cm 0 Ta "None - power save disabled"
213 .It Cm 1 Ta "Constantly awake mode (CAM)"
214 .It Cm 2 Ta "Power Save Polling (PSP)"
215 .It Cm 3 Ta "Fast Power Save Polling (PSP-CAM)"
218 Note that for IBSS (ad-hoc) mode, only PSP mode is supported, and only
219 if the ATIM window is non-zero.
220 .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 4 Oc Fl a Ar AP
221 Set preferred access point.
224 is specified as a MAC address consisting of 6 hexadecimal values
228 option only sets the first entry in the AP list.
231 modifier can be used to specify exactly which AP list entry is to be
235 flag is not used, the first AP list entry will be changed.
236 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl b Ar beacon_period
237 Set the ad-hoc mode beacon period.
240 is specified in milliseconds.
241 The default is 100ms.
242 .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 0 | 1 Oc Fl d Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 3
243 Select the antenna diversity.
244 Aironet devices can be configured with up
245 to two antennas, and transmit and receive diversity can be configured
247 Valid selections are as follows:
248 .Bl -column ".Em Selection" -offset indent
249 .Em "Selection Diversity"
250 .It Cm 0 Ta "Select factory default diversity"
251 .It Cm 1 Ta "Antenna 1 only"
252 .It Cm 2 Ta "Antenna 2 only"
253 .It Cm 3 Ta "Antenna 1 and 2"
256 The receive and transmit diversity can be set independently.
258 must specify which diversity setting is to be modified by using the
262 sets the receive diversity and
264 sets the transmit diversity.
265 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl e Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 4
266 Set the transmit WEP key to use.
267 Note that until this command is issued, the device will use the
269 The transmit key is stored in NVRAM.
271 set transmit key can be checked via
277 .Dq "Home Network Mode"
278 and uses the home key.
279 .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 8 Oc Fl k Ar key
281 For 40 bit prefix 10 hex character with 0x.
282 For 128 bit prefix 26 hex character with 0x.
285 as the key to erase the key.
286 Supports 4 keys; even numbers are for permanent keys
287 and odd number are for temporary keys.
290 sets the first temporary key.
293 key is stored in NVRAM; a
296 Note that the device will use the most recently-programmed key by default.
297 Currently set keys can be checked via
299 option, only the sizes of the
304 Note that the value for the home key can be read back from firmware.
305 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl K Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2
306 Set authorization type.
316 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl W Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 2
325 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl L Ar user_name
326 Enable LEAP and query for password.
327 It will check to see if it has authenticated for up to 60s.
328 To disable LEAP, set WEP mode.
329 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl j Ar netjoin_timeout
330 Set the ad-hoc network join timeout.
331 When a station is first activated
332 in ad-hoc mode, it will search out a
334 station with the desired
335 SSID and associate with it.
336 If the station is unable to locate another
337 station with the same SSID after a suitable timeout, it sets itself up
340 so that other stations may associate with it.
342 timeout defaults to 10000 milliseconds (10 seconds) but may be changed
344 The timeout should be specified in milliseconds.
345 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl l Ar station_name
346 Set the station name used internally by the NIC.
349 can be any text string up to 16 characters in length.
351 is set by the driver to
353 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl m Ar mac_address
354 Set the station address for the specified interface.
357 is specified as a series of six hexadecimal values separated by colons,
359 .Li 00:60:1d:12:34:56 .
360 This programs the new address into the card
361 and updates the interface as well.
362 .It Fl i Ar iface Oo Fl v Cm 1 Ns - Ns Cm 3 Oc Fl n Ar SSID
363 Set the desired SSID (network name).
364 There are three SSIDs which allows
365 the NIC to work with access points at several locations without needing
367 The NIC checks each SSID in sequence when searching
369 The SSID to be changed can be specified with the
374 flag isn't used, the first SSID in the list is set.
375 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl o Cm 0 | 1
376 Set the operating mode of the Aironet interface.
381 for infrastructure mode.
382 The default driver setting is for infrastructure
384 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl p Ar tx_power
385 Set the transmit power level in milliwatts.
387 vary depending on the actual NIC and can be viewed by dumping the
388 device capabilities with the
391 Typical values are 1, 5, 20, 50 and 100mW.
394 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl c Ar frequency
395 Set the radio frequency of a given interface.
398 should be specfied as a channel ID as shown in the table below.
400 list of available frequencies is dependent on radio regulations specified
401 by regional authorities.
402 Recognized regulatory authorities include
403 the FCC (United States), ETSI (Europe), France and Japan.
405 in the table are specified in Mhz.
406 .Bl -column ".Em Channel ID" ".Em FCC" ".Em ETSI" ".Em France" ".Em Japan" -offset indent
407 .Em "Channel ID FCC ETSI France Japan"
408 .It Cm 1 Ta 2412 Ta 2412 Ta - Ta -
409 .It Cm 2 Ta 2417 Ta 2417 Ta - Ta -
410 .It Cm 3 Ta 2422 Ta 2422 Ta - Ta -
411 .It Cm 4 Ta 2427 Ta 2427 Ta - Ta -
412 .It Cm 5 Ta 2432 Ta 2432 Ta - Ta -
413 .It Cm 6 Ta 2437 Ta 2437 Ta - Ta -
414 .It Cm 7 Ta 2442 Ta 2442 Ta - Ta -
415 .It Cm 8 Ta 2447 Ta 2447 Ta - Ta -
416 .It Cm 9 Ta 2452 Ta 2452 Ta - Ta -
417 .It Cm 10 Ta 2457 Ta 2457 Ta 2457 Ta -
418 .It Cm 11 Ta 2462 Ta 2462 Ta 2462 Ta -
419 .It Cm 12 Ta - Ta 2467 Ta 2467 Ta -
420 .It Cm 13 Ta - Ta 2472 Ta 2472 Ta -
421 .It Cm 14 Ta - Ta - Ta - Ta 2484
424 If an illegal channel is specified, the
425 NIC will revert to its default channel.
426 For NICs sold in the United States
427 and Europe, the default channel is 3.
428 For NICs sold in France, the default
430 For NICs sold in Japan, the only available channel is 14.
431 Note that two stations must be set to the same channel in order to
433 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl f Ar fragmentation_threshold
434 Set the fragmentation threshold in bytes.
435 This threshold controls the
436 point at which outgoing packets will be split into multiple fragments.
437 If a single fragment is not sent successfully, only that fragment will
438 need to be retransmitted instead of the whole packet.
440 threshold can be anything from 64 to 2312 bytes.
442 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl r Ar RTS_threshold
443 Set the RTS/CTS threshold for a given interface.
445 number of bytes used for the RTS/CTS handhake boundary.
448 can be any value between 0 and 2312.
450 .It Fl i Ar iface Fl M Cm 0 Ns - Ns Cm 15
451 Set monitor mode via bit mask, meaning:
453 .Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact
457 to not dump 802.11 packet.
459 to enable 802.11 monitor.
463 to not skip beacons, monitor beacons produces a high system load.
465 to enable full Aironet header returned via BPF.
466 Note it appears that a SSID must be set.
469 Print a list of available options and sample usage.
473 .Pq Dq "wired equivalent privacy"
474 is based on the RC4 algorithm,
475 using a 24 bit initialization vector.
477 RC4 is supposedly vunerable to certain known plaintext attacks,
478 especially with 40 bit keys.
479 So the security of WEP in part depends on how much known plaintext
482 Because of this, although counter-intuitive, using
484 authentication (which involves sending known plaintext) is less
487 authentication when WEP is enabled.
489 Devices may alternate among all of the configured WEP keys when
491 Therefore, all configured keys (up to four) must agree.
493 .Bd -literal -offset indent
494 ancontrol -i an0 -v 0 -k 0x12345678901234567890123456
495 ancontrol -i an0 -K 2
496 ancontrol -i an0 -W 1
497 ancontrol -i an0 -e 0
500 Sets a WEP key 0, enables
502 authentication, enables full WEP
503 and uses transmit key 0.
510 command first appeared in
513 The statistics counters do not seem to show the amount of transmit
514 and received frames as increasing.
515 This is likely due to the fact that
518 driver uses unmodified packet mode instead of letting the NIC perform
519 802.11/ethernet encapsulation itself.
521 Setting the channel does not seem to have any effect.
525 command was written by
526 .An Bill Paul Aq wpaul@ee.columbia.edu .