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32 .Nd "run a guest operating system inside a virtual machine"
47 .Op Fl l Ar lpcdev Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
48 .Op Fl m Ar memsize Ns Op Ar K|k|M|m|G|g|T|t
49 .Op Fl p Ar vcpu:hostcpu
50 .Op Fl s Ar slot,emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
55 is a hypervisor that runs guest operating systems inside a
58 Parameters such as the number of virtual CPUs, amount of guest memory, and
59 I/O connectivity can be specified with command-line parameters.
61 If not using a boot ROM, the guest operating system must be loaded with
63 or a similar boot loader before running
65 otherwise, it is enough to run
67 with a boot ROM of choice.
70 runs until the guest operating system reboots or an unhandled hypervisor
75 The guest's local APIC is configured in xAPIC mode.
76 The xAPIC mode is the default setting so this option is redundant.
77 It will be deprecated in a future version.
84 Enable a low-level console device supported by
87 .Cd "device bvmconsole" .
88 This option will be deprecated in a future version.
89 .It Fl c Op Ar setting ...
90 Number of guest virtual CPUs
91 and/or the CPU topology.
92 The default value for each of
99 The current maximum number of guest virtual CPUs is 16.
102 is not specified then it will be calculated from the other arguments.
103 The topology must be consistent in that the
105 must equal the product of
112 is specified more than once the last one has precedence.
114 Include guest memory in core file.
118 to exit when a guest issues an access to an I/O port that is not emulated.
119 This is intended for debug purposes.
123 kernels compiled with
124 .Cd "device bvmdebug" ,
125 allow a remote kernel kgdb to be relayed to the guest kernel gdb stub
126 via a local IPv4 address and this port.
127 This option will be deprecated in a future version.
129 Print help message and exit.
131 Yield the virtual CPU thread when a HLT instruction is detected.
132 If this option is not specified, virtual CPUs will use 100% of a host CPU.
133 .It Fl l Ar lpcdev Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
134 Allow devices behind the LPC PCI-ISA bridge to be configured.
135 The only supported devices are the TTY-class devices
139 and the boot ROM device
141 .It Fl m Ar memsize Ns Op Ar K|k|M|m|G|g|T|t
142 Guest physical memory size in bytes.
143 This must be the same size that was given to
146 The size argument may be suffixed with one of K, M, G or T (either upper
147 or lower case) to indicate a multiple of kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes,
149 If no suffix is given, the value is assumed to be in megabytes.
153 .It Fl p Ar vcpu:hostcpu
154 Pin guest's virtual CPU
159 Force the guest virtual CPU to exit when a PAUSE instruction is detected.
160 .It Fl s Ar slot,emulation Ns Op , Ns Ar conf
161 Configure a virtual PCI slot and function.
164 provides PCI bus emulation and virtual devices that can be attached to
166 There are 32 available slots, with the option of providing up to 8 functions
170 .Ar pcislot[:function]
171 .Ar bus:pcislot:function
182 If not specified, the
185 If not specified, the
190 .It Li hostbridge | Li amd_hostbridge
192 Provide a simple host bridge.
193 This is usually configured at slot 0, and is required by most guest
197 emulation is identical but uses a PCI vendor ID of
200 PCI pass-through device.
202 Virtio network interface.
204 Virtio block storage interface.
206 Virtio RNG interface.
207 .It Li virtio-console
208 Virtio console interface, which exposes multiple ports
209 to the guest in the form of simple char devices for simple IO
210 between the guest and host userspaces.
212 AHCI controller attached to arbitrary devices.
214 AHCI controller attached to an ATAPI CD/DVD.
216 AHCI controller attached to a SATA hard-drive.
218 Intel e82545 network interface.
220 PCI 16550 serial device.
222 LPC PCI-ISA bridge with COM1 and COM2 16550 serial ports and a boot ROM.
223 The LPC bridge emulation can only be configured on bus 0.
225 Raw framebuffer device attached to VNC server.
227 eXtensible Host Controller Interface (xHCI) USB controller.
230 This optional parameter describes the backend for device emulations.
233 is not specified, the device emulation has no backend and can be
234 considered unconnected.
238 .It Ar tapN Ns Op , Ns Ar mac=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
239 .It Ar vmnetN Ns Op , Ns Ar mac=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
243 is not specified, the MAC address is derived from a fixed OUI and the
244 remaining bytes from an MD5 hash of the slot and function numbers and
247 The MAC address is an ASCII string in
252 Block storage devices:
254 .It Pa /filename Ns Oo , Ns Ar block-device-options Oc
255 .It Pa /dev/xxx Ns Oo , Ns Ar block-device-options Oc
259 .Ar block-device-options
269 Force the file to be opened read-only.
270 .It Li sectorsize= Ns Ar logical Ns Oo / Ns Ar physical Oc
271 Specify the logical and physical sector sizes of the emulated disk.
272 The physical sector size is optional and is equal to the logical sector size
273 if not explicitly specified.
279 Connect the serial port to the standard input and output of
284 Use the host TTY device for serial port I/O.
292 in the guest address space reserved for boot firmware.
295 Pass-through devices:
297 .It Ns Ar slot Ns / Ns Ar bus Ns / Ns Ar function
298 Connect to a PCI device on the host at the selector described by
306 Guest memory must be wired using the
308 option when a pass-through device is configured.
310 The host device must have been reserved at boot-time using the
312 loader variable as described in
315 Virtio console devices:
317 .It Li port1= Ns Pa /path/to/port1.sock Ns ,anotherport= Ns Pa ...
318 A maximum of 16 ports per device can be created.
319 Every port is named and corresponds to a Unix domain socket created by
322 accepts at most one connection per port at a time.
325 .Bl -bullet -offset 2n
327 Due to lack of destructors in
329 sockets on the filesystem must be cleaned up manually after
333 There is no way to use the "console port" feature, nor the console port
336 Emergency write is advertised, but no-op at present.
343 .Oo rfb= Ns Oo Ar IP\&: Oc Ns Ar port Oc Ns Oo ,w= Ns Ar width Oc Ns Oo ,h= Ns
344 .Ar height Oc Ns Oo ,vga= Ns Ar vgaconf Oc Ns Oo Ns ,wait Oc Ns Oo ,password= Ns
348 .It Ar IPv4:port No or Ar [IPv6%zone]:port
353 VNC should listen on.
354 The default is to listen on localhost IPv4 address and default VNC port 5900.
355 An IPv6 address must be enclosed in square brackets and may contain an
356 optional zone identifier.
357 .It Ar width No and Ar height
358 A display resolution, width and height, respectively.
359 If not specified, a default resolution of 1024x768 pixels will be used.
360 Minimal supported resolution is 640x480 pixels,
361 and maximum is 1920x1200 pixels.
363 Possible values for this option are
369 PCI graphics cards have a dual personality in that they are
370 standard PCI devices with BAR addressing, but may also
371 implicitly decode legacy VGA I/O space
374 .Pq 64KB at Ad 0xA0000 .
377 option should be used for guests that attempt to issue BIOS calls which result
378 in I/O port queries, and fail to boot if I/O decode is disabled.
382 option should be used along with the CSM BIOS capability in UEFI
383 to boot traditional BIOS guests that require the legacy VGA I/O and
384 memory regions to be available.
388 option should be used for the UEFI guests that assume that
389 VGA adapter is present if they detect the I/O ports.
390 An example of such a guest is
398 .Pq Lk https://wiki.freebsd.org/bhyve
399 for configuration notes of particular guests.
403 to only boot upon the initiation of a VNC connection, simplifying the
404 installation of operating systems that require immediate keyboard input.
405 This can be removed for post-installation use.
407 This type of authentication is known to be cryptographically weak and is not
408 intended for use on untrusted networks.
409 Many implementations will want to use stronger security, such as running
410 the session over an encrypted channel provided by IPsec or SSH.
417 A USB tablet device which provides precise cursor synchronization
426 Set the universally unique identifier
428 in the guest's System Management BIOS System Information structure.
429 By default a UUID is generated from the host's hostname and
432 Ignore accesses to unimplemented Model Specific Registers (MSRs).
433 This is intended for debug purposes.
435 Force virtio PCI device emulations to use MSI interrupts instead of MSI-X
438 The guest's local APIC is configured in x2APIC mode.
440 Disable MPtable generation.
442 Alphanumeric name of the guest.
443 This should be the same as that created by
448 deals with the following signals:
450 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
452 Trigger ACPI poweroff for a VM
455 Exit status indicates how the VM was terminated:
457 .Bl -tag -width indent -compact
467 exited due to an error
470 If not using a boot ROM, the guest operating system must have been loaded with
472 or a similar boot loader before
475 Otherwise, the boot loader is not needed.
477 To run a virtual machine with 1GB of memory, two virtual CPUs, a virtio
478 block device backed by the
480 filesystem image, and a serial port for the console:
481 .Bd -literal -offset indent
482 bhyve -c 2 -s 0,hostbridge -s 1,lpc -s 2,virtio-blk,/my/image \\
483 -l com1,stdio -A -H -P -m 1G vm1
486 Run a 24GB single-CPU virtual machine with three network ports, one of which
487 has a MAC address specified:
488 .Bd -literal -offset indent
489 bhyve -s 0,hostbridge -s 1,lpc -s 2:0,virtio-net,tap0 \\
490 -s 2:1,virtio-net,tap1 \\
491 -s 2:2,virtio-net,tap2,mac=00:be:fa:76:45:00 \\
492 -s 3,virtio-blk,/my/image -l com1,stdio \\
493 -A -H -P -m 24G bigvm
496 Run an 8GB quad-CPU virtual machine with 8 AHCI SATA disks, an AHCI ATAPI
497 CD-ROM, a single virtio network port, an AMD hostbridge, and the console
501 .Bd -literal -offset indent
503 -s 0,amd_hostbridge -s 1,lpc \\
504 -s 1:0,ahci,hd:/images/disk.1,hd:/images/disk.2,\\
505 hd:/images/disk.3,hd:/images/disk.4,\\
506 hd:/images/disk.5,hd:/images/disk.6,\\
507 hd:/images/disk.7,hd:/images/disk.8,\\
508 cd:/images/install.iso \\
509 -s 3,virtio-net,tap0 \\
510 -l com1,/dev/nmdm0A \\
514 Run a UEFI virtual machine with a display resolution of 800 by 600 pixels
515 that can be accessed via VNC at: 0.0.0.0:5900.
516 .Bd -literal -offset indent
517 bhyve -c 2 -m 4G -w -H \\
519 -s 3,ahci-cd,/path/to/uefi-OS-install.iso \\
520 -s 4,ahci-hd,disk.img \\
521 -s 5,virtio-net,tap0 \\
522 -s 29,fbuf,tcp=0.0.0.0:5900,w=800,h=600,wait \\
524 -s 31,lpc -l com1,stdio \\
525 -l bootrom,/usr/local/share/uefi-firmware/BHYVE_UEFI.fd \\
529 Run a UEFI virtual machine with a VNC display that is bound to all IPv6
530 addresses on port 5900.
531 .Bd -literal -offset indent
532 bhyve -c 2 -m 4G -w -H \\
534 -s 4,ahci-hd,disk.img \\
535 -s 5,virtio-net,tap0 \\
536 -s 29,fbuf,tcp=[::]:5900,w=800,h=600 \\
538 -s 31,lpc -l com1,stdio \\
539 -l bootrom,/usr/local/share/uefi-firmware/BHYVE_UEFI.fd \\
552 .%B 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual
560 .An Neel Natu Aq Mt neel@freebsd.org
561 .An Peter Grehan Aq Mt grehan@freebsd.org