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28 .\" @(#)chroot.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/9/93
35 .Nd change root directory
38 .Op Fl G Ar group Ns Op Cm \&, Ns Ar group ...
43 .Op Ar command Op Ar arg ...
47 utility changes its current and root directories to the supplied directory
51 with provided arguments, if supplied,
52 or an interactive copy of the user's login shell.
54 The options are as follows:
55 .Bl -tag -width "-G group[,group ...]"
56 .It Fl G Ar group Ns Op Cm \&, Ns Ar group ...
57 Run the command with the permissions of the specified groups.
59 Run the command with the permissions of the specified
62 Run the command as the
66 .Dv PROC_NO_NEW_PRIVS_CTL
68 command before chrooting, effectively disabling SUID/SGID bits
69 for the calling process and its descendants.
71 .Dv security.bsd.unprivileged_chroot
72 sysctl is set to 1, it will make it possible to chroot without
76 The following environment variable is referenced by
78 .Bl -tag -width "SHELL"
81 the string specified by
83 is interpreted as the name of
93 .It Sy Example 1\&: No Chrooting into a New Root Directory
95 The following command opens the
97 shell after chrooting to the standard root directory.
98 .Bd -literal -offset 2n
99 .Li # Ic chroot / /bin/csh
101 .It Sy Example 2\&: No Execution of a Command with a Changed Root Directory
103 The following command changes a root directory with
107 to list the contents of
109 .Bd -literal -offset 2n
110 .Li # Ic chroot /tmp/testroot ls /sbin
125 utility first appeared in