2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Poul-Henning Kamp
5 * Copyright (c) 2015 Spectra Logic Corporation
6 * Copyright (c) 2017 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 3. The names of the authors may not be used to endorse or promote
18 * products derived from this software without specific prior written
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
48 #include <geom/geom_disk.h>
52 #include <sys/param.h>
57 #define MAXTX (8*1024*1024)
58 #define MEGATX (1024*1024)
63 fprintf(stderr, "usage: diskinfo [-cipsStvw] disk ...\n");
67 static int opt_c, opt_i, opt_p, opt_s, opt_S, opt_t, opt_v, opt_w;
69 static bool candelete(int fd);
70 static void speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
71 static void commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
72 static void iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
73 static void rotationrate(int fd, char *buf, size_t buflen);
74 static void slogbench(int fd, int isreg, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize);
75 static int zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str,
81 main(int argc, char **argv)
84 int i, ch, fd, error, exitval = 0;
85 char tstr[BUFSIZ], ident[DISK_IDENT_SIZE], physpath[MAXPATHLEN];
88 struct diocgattr_arg arg;
89 off_t mediasize, stripesize, stripeoffset;
90 u_int sectorsize, fwsectors, fwheads, zoned = 0, isreg;
93 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cipsStvw")) != -1) {
133 if ((opt_p && opt_s) || ((opt_p || opt_s) && (opt_c || opt_i || opt_t || opt_v))) {
134 warnx("-p or -s cannot be used with other options");
138 if (opt_S && !opt_w) {
139 warnx("-S require also -w");
143 if (posix_memalign((void **)&buf, PAGE_SIZE, MAXTX))
144 errx(1, "Can't allocate memory buffer");
145 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
146 fd = open(argv[i], (opt_w ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY) | O_DIRECT);
147 if (fd < 0 && errno == ENOENT && *argv[i] != '/') {
148 snprintf(tstr, sizeof(tstr), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, argv[i]);
149 fd = open(tstr, O_RDONLY);
155 error = fstat(fd, &sb);
157 warn("cannot stat %s", argv[i]);
161 isreg = S_ISREG(sb.st_mode);
163 mediasize = sb.st_size;
164 sectorsize = S_BLKSIZE;
167 stripesize = sb.st_blksize;
169 if (opt_p || opt_s) {
170 warnx("-p and -s only operate on physical devices: %s", argv[i]);
175 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0) {
176 printf("%s\n", physpath);
178 warnx("Failed to determine physpath for: %s", argv[i]);
183 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0) {
184 printf("%s\n", ident);
186 warnx("Failed to determine serial number for: %s", argv[i]);
190 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGMEDIASIZE, &mediasize);
192 warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGMEDIASIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
196 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSECTORSIZE, §orsize);
198 warnx("%s: ioctl(DIOCGSECTORSIZE) failed, probably not a disk.", argv[i]);
202 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWSECTORS, &fwsectors);
205 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFWHEADS, &fwheads);
208 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPESIZE, &stripesize);
211 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGSTRIPEOFFSET, &stripeoffset);
214 error = zonecheck(fd, &zone_mode, zone_desc, sizeof(zone_desc));
219 printf("%s", argv[i]);
220 printf("\t%u", sectorsize);
221 printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize);
222 printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
223 printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripesize);
224 printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)stripeoffset);
225 if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
226 printf("\t%jd", (intmax_t)mediasize /
227 (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
228 printf("\t%u", fwheads);
229 printf("\t%u", fwsectors);
232 humanize_number(tstr, 5, (int64_t)mediasize, "",
233 HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
234 printf("%s\n", argv[i]);
235 printf("\t%-12u\t# sectorsize\n", sectorsize);
236 printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in bytes (%s)\n",
237 (intmax_t)mediasize, tstr);
238 printf("\t%-12jd\t# mediasize in sectors\n",
239 (intmax_t)mediasize/sectorsize);
240 printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripesize\n", stripesize);
241 printf("\t%-12jd\t# stripeoffset\n", stripeoffset);
242 if (fwsectors != 0 && fwheads != 0) {
243 printf("\t%-12jd\t# Cylinders according to firmware.\n", (intmax_t)mediasize /
244 (fwsectors * fwheads * sectorsize));
245 printf("\t%-12u\t# Heads according to firmware.\n", fwheads);
246 printf("\t%-12u\t# Sectors according to firmware.\n", fwsectors);
248 strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::descr", sizeof(arg.name));
249 arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.str);
250 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg) == 0)
251 printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk descr.\n", arg.value.str);
252 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGIDENT, ident) == 0)
253 printf("\t%-12s\t# Disk ident.\n", ident);
254 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGPHYSPATH, physpath) == 0)
255 printf("\t%-12s\t# Physical path\n", physpath);
256 printf("\t%-12s\t# TRIM/UNMAP support\n",
257 candelete(fd) ? "Yes" : "No");
258 rotationrate(fd, rrate, sizeof(rrate));
259 printf("\t%-12s\t# Rotation rate in RPM\n", rrate);
261 printf("\t%-12s\t# Zone Mode\n", zone_desc);
265 commandtime(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
267 speeddisk(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
269 iopsbench(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
271 slogbench(fd, isreg, mediasize, sectorsize);
282 struct diocgattr_arg arg;
284 strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::candelete", sizeof(arg.name));
285 arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.i);
286 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg) == 0)
287 return (arg.value.i != 0);
293 rotationrate(int fd, char *rate, size_t buflen)
295 struct diocgattr_arg arg;
298 strlcpy(arg.name, "GEOM::rotation_rate", sizeof(arg.name));
299 arg.len = sizeof(arg.value.u16);
301 ret = ioctl(fd, DIOCGATTR, &arg);
302 if (ret < 0 || arg.value.u16 == DISK_RR_UNKNOWN)
303 snprintf(rate, buflen, "Unknown");
304 else if (arg.value.u16 == DISK_RR_NON_ROTATING)
305 snprintf(rate, buflen, "%d", 0);
306 else if (arg.value.u16 >= DISK_RR_MIN && arg.value.u16 <= DISK_RR_MAX)
307 snprintf(rate, buflen, "%d", arg.value.u16);
309 snprintf(rate, buflen, "Invalid");
313 rdsect(int fd, off_t blockno, u_int sectorsize)
317 if (lseek(fd, (off_t)blockno * sectorsize, SEEK_SET) == -1)
319 error = read(fd, buf, sectorsize);
322 if (error != (int)sectorsize)
323 errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
331 error = read(fd, buf, MEGATX);
335 errx(1, "disk too small for test.");
338 static struct timeval tv1, tv2;
349 gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
357 gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
358 dt = (tv2.tv_usec - tv1.tv_usec) / 1e6;
359 dt += (tv2.tv_sec - tv1.tv_sec);
370 printf("%5d iter in %10.6f sec = %8.3f msec\n",
371 count, dt, dt * 1000.0 / count);
380 printf("%8.0f kbytes in %10.6f sec = %8.0f kbytes/sec\n",
381 count, dt, count / dt);
390 printf("%8.0f ops in %10.6f sec = %8.0f IOPS\n",
391 count, dt, count / dt);
395 TS(u_int size, int count)
400 printf("%8.1f usec/IO = %8.1f Mbytes/s\n",
401 dt * 1000000.0 / count, (double)size * count / dt / (1024 * 1024));
405 speeddisk(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
408 off_t b0, b1, sectorcount, step;
411 * Drives smaller than 1MB produce negative sector numbers,
412 * as do 2048 or fewer sectors.
414 sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
415 if (mediasize < 1024 * 1024 || sectorcount < 2048)
419 step = 1ULL << (flsll(sectorcount / (4 * 200)) - 1);
422 bulk = mediasize / (1024 * 1024);
426 printf("Seek times:\n");
427 printf("\tFull stroke:\t");
429 b1 = sectorcount - step;
431 for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
432 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
434 rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
439 printf("\tHalf stroke:\t");
440 b0 = sectorcount / 4;
441 b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 2;
443 for (i = 0; i < 125; i++) {
444 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
446 rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
450 printf("\tQuarter stroke:\t");
451 b0 = sectorcount / 4;
452 b1 = b0 + sectorcount / 4;
454 for (i = 0; i < 250; i++) {
455 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
457 rdsect(fd, b1, sectorsize);
462 printf("\tShort forward:\t");
463 b0 = sectorcount / 2;
465 for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
466 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
471 printf("\tShort backward:\t");
472 b0 = sectorcount / 2;
474 for (i = 0; i < 400; i++) {
475 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
480 printf("\tSeq outer:\t");
483 for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
484 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
489 printf("\tSeq inner:\t");
490 b0 = sectorcount - 2048;
492 for (i = 0; i < 2048; i++) {
493 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
498 printf("\nTransfer rates:\n");
499 printf("\toutside: ");
500 rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
502 for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
507 printf("\tmiddle: ");
508 b0 = sectorcount / 2 - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) / 2 - 1;
509 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
511 for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
516 printf("\tinside: ");
517 b0 = sectorcount - bulk * (1024*1024 / sectorsize) - 1;
518 rdsect(fd, b0, sectorsize);
520 for (i = 0; i < bulk; i++) {
530 commandtime(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
532 double dtmega, dtsector;
535 printf("I/O command overhead:\n");
537 rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
539 for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
543 printf("\ttime to read 10MB block %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
544 dtmega, dtmega*100/2048);
546 rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
548 for (i = 0; i < 20480; i++)
549 rdsect(fd, 0, sectorsize);
550 dtsector = delta_t();
552 printf("\ttime to read 20480 sectors %10.6f sec\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
553 dtsector, dtsector*100/2048);
554 printf("\tcalculated command overhead\t\t\t= %8.3f msec/sector\n",
555 (dtsector - dtmega)*100/2048);
562 iops(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
564 struct aiocb aios[NAIO], *aiop;
567 int error, i, queued, completed;
569 sectorcount = mediasize / sectorsize;
571 for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
573 bzero(aiop, sizeof(*aiop));
574 aiop->aio_buf = malloc(sectorsize);
575 if (aiop->aio_buf == NULL)
580 for (i = 0; i < NAIO; i++) {
583 aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
584 aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
585 aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
587 error = aio_read(aiop);
596 ret = aio_waitcomplete(&aiop, NULL);
598 err(1, "aio_waitcomplete");
599 if (ret != (ssize_t)sectorsize)
600 errx(1, "short read");
604 if (delta_t() < 3.0) {
605 aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
606 aiop->aio_offset = (random() % (sectorcount)) * sectorsize;
607 aiop->aio_nbytes = sectorsize;
609 error = aio_read(aiop);
614 } else if (completed == queued) {
625 iopsbench(int fd, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
627 printf("Asynchronous random reads:\n");
629 printf("\tsectorsize: ");
630 iops(fd, mediasize, sectorsize);
632 if (sectorsize != 4096) {
633 printf("\t4 kbytes: ");
634 iops(fd, mediasize, 4096);
637 printf("\t32 kbytes: ");
638 iops(fd, mediasize, 32 * 1024);
640 printf("\t128 kbytes: ");
641 iops(fd, mediasize, 128 * 1024);
646 #define MAXIO (128*1024)
647 #define MAXIOS (MAXTX / MAXIO)
650 parwrite(int fd, size_t size, off_t off)
652 struct aiocb aios[MAXIOS];
657 // if size > MAXIO, use AIO to write n - 1 pieces in parallel
658 for (n = 0, o = 0; size > MAXIO; n++, size -= MAXIO, o += MAXIO) {
660 bzero(aiop, sizeof(*aiop));
661 aiop->aio_buf = &buf[o];
662 aiop->aio_fildes = fd;
663 aiop->aio_offset = off + o;
664 aiop->aio_nbytes = MAXIO;
665 error = aio_write(aiop);
667 err(EX_IOERR, "AIO write submit error");
669 // Use synchronous writes for the runt of size <= MAXIO
670 error = pwrite(fd, &buf[o], size, off + o);
672 err(EX_IOERR, "Sync write error");
674 error = aio_waitcomplete(&aiop, NULL);
676 err(EX_IOERR, "AIO write wait error");
681 slogbench(int fd, int isreg, off_t mediasize, u_int sectorsize)
685 int error, n, N, nowritecache = 0;
687 printf("Synchronous random writes:\n");
688 for (size = sectorsize; size <= MAXTX; size *= 2) {
689 printf("\t%4.4g kbytes: ", (double)size / 1024);
693 for (n = 0; n < 250; n++) {
694 off = random() % (mediasize / size);
695 parwrite(fd, size, off * size);
701 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCGFLUSH);
703 if (errno == ENOTSUP)
706 err(EX_IOERR, "Flush error");
710 } while (delta_t() < 1.0);
716 zonecheck(int fd, uint32_t *zone_mode, char *zone_str, size_t zone_str_len)
718 struct disk_zone_args zone_args;
721 bzero(&zone_args, sizeof(zone_args));
723 zone_args.zone_cmd = DISK_ZONE_GET_PARAMS;
724 error = ioctl(fd, DIOCZONECMD, &zone_args);
727 *zone_mode = zone_args.zone_params.disk_params.zone_mode;
729 switch (*zone_mode) {
730 case DISK_ZONE_MODE_NONE:
731 snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Not_Zoned");
733 case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_AWARE:
734 snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Aware");
736 case DISK_ZONE_MODE_DRIVE_MANAGED:
737 snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Drive_Managed");
739 case DISK_ZONE_MODE_HOST_MANAGED:
740 snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Host_Managed");
743 snprintf(zone_str, zone_str_len, "Unknown_zone_mode_%u",