1 .\" Copyright (c) 1998-2009 Douglas Barton
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32 .Nd merge configuration files, et al during an upgrade
36 .Op Fl m Ar /path/to/sources
37 .Op Fl t Ar /path/to/temp/root
41 .Op Fl A Ar Target architecture
42 .Op Fl D Ar /destdir/path
46 utility is a Bourne shell script which is designed to aid you
47 in updating the various configuration and other files
52 recommended that you back up your
54 directory before beginning this process.
58 to build a temporary root environment from
60 down, populating that environment with the various
62 You can specify a different source directory
65 command line option, or specify the destination
69 It then compares each file in that environment
70 to its installed counterpart.
71 When the script finds a
72 change in the new file, or there is no installed
73 version of the new file it gives you four options to
75 You can install the new file as is,
76 delete the new file, merge the old and new
77 files (as appropriate) using
79 or leave the file in the temporary root environment to
82 By default it creates the temporary root in
85 Version Control System (VCS) Id strings ($FreeBSD)
86 for files that have them, deleting
87 the temporary file if the strings match.
89 no Id string, or if the strings are different it
90 compares the files themselves.
92 also specify that the script ignore the Id strings and
93 compare every file with the
100 will install the new file for you if they differ only by
103 The merge menu option is designed to let you easily combine your
104 customizations from the old version of a file into the new one.
105 While you can use the merge function to incorporate changes from
106 files that you have not customized,
107 it is not recommended.
111 utility checks your umask and issues a warning for anything
113 While it is not mandatory to grant
114 world read permissions for most configuration files, you
115 may run into problems without them.
117 umask other than 022 and experience trouble later this
119 .Pa /etc/master.passwd
120 is treated as a special case.
121 If you choose to install
122 this file or a merged version of it the file permissions
123 are always 600 (rw-------) for security reasons.
125 installing an updated version of this file you should
130 option to rebuild your password databases
134 The script uses the owner and group ids
135 that the files are created with by
136 .Pa /usr/src/etc/Makefile ,
137 and file permissions as specified by the umask.
138 Unified diffs are used by default to display any
139 differences unless you choose context diffs.
143 utility will source scripts that you specify right before
144 it starts the comparison, and after it is done running.
145 The easiest way to handle this is to place the path
146 to the script(s) in the appropriate variables in your
149 The script sourced before comparison is named in
150 .Ev MM_PRE_COMPARE_SCRIPT ,
151 and the one sourced after the script is done is
153 This is the recommended way to specify local modifications,
154 or files that you want to give special handling to.
155 This includes files that you want to be deleted without
157 Because the named scripts are sourced from within
159 all of the script's variables are available for use in
162 .Pa /etc/mergemaster.rc
163 which will be read before
165 Options specified on the command line are updated last,
166 and therefore can override both files.
168 The options are as follows:
171 Perform a strict comparison, diffing every pair of files.
172 This comparison is performed line by line,
173 without regard to VCS Ids.
175 Use context diffs instead of unified diffs.
179 on a previously cleaned directory, skipping the creation of
180 the temporary root environment.
181 This option is compatible
182 with all other options.
184 Be more verbose about the process.
185 You should probably use
186 this option the first time you run
188 This option also gives you a list of files that exist
189 only in the installed version of
193 This option will leave all the files that
194 differ from the installed versions in the temporary directory
195 to be dealt with by hand.
198 directory exists, it creates a new one in a previously
199 non-existent directory.
200 This option unsets the verbose flag,
201 but is compatible with all other options.
208 Display usage and help information.
210 Automatically install any files that do not exist in the
211 destination directory.
214 Compares only files known to be essential to the success of
215 {build|install}world,
219 If the files differ only by VCS Id ($FreeBSD)
220 install the new file.
225 compares your rc.conf[.local] options to the defaults.
227 Preserve files that you replace in
228 .Pa /var/tmp/mergemaster/preserved-files-<date> ,
229 or another directory you specify in your
233 Attempt to auto upgrade files that have not been user modified.
234 .It Fl m Ar /path/to/sources
235 Specify the path to the directory where you want to do the
237 (In other words, where your sources are, but -s was already
239 In previous versions of
241 you needed to specify the path all the way to
243 Starting with r186678 you only need to specify the path to
246 will convert the path for you if you use the old method.
247 .It Fl t Ar /path/to/temp/root
248 Create the temporary root environment in
249 .Pa /path/to/temp/root
250 instead of the default
251 .Pa /var/tmp/temproot .
253 Add the date and time to the name of the temporary
257 is specified, this option must
258 follow it if you want the date added too.
260 Specify a numeric umask.
263 Supply an alternate screen width to the
265 command in numbers of columns.
267 .It Fl A Ar Target architecture
268 Specify an alternative
272 Specify the destination directory for the installed files.
279 environment variable if set.
284 specifies a program outside
288 without specifying the full path,
290 prompts you with options on how to proceed.
292 .Ev MM_PRE_COMPARE_SCRIPT
295 variables are used as described above.
296 Other variables that are used by the script internally
299 as described in more detail below.
301 .Bl -tag -width $HOME/.mergemasterrc -compact
302 .It Pa /etc/mergemaster.rc
303 .It Pa $HOME/.mergemasterrc
310 (source) these files if they exist.
312 will override rc file options.
313 .Pa $HOME/.mergemasterrc
315 .Pa /etc/mergemaster.rc .
317 with all values commented out:
320 # These are options for mergemaster, with their default values listed
321 # The following options have command line overrides
323 # The target architecture (-A, unset by default)
324 #ARCHSTRING='TARGET_ARCH=<foo>'
326 # Sourcedir is the directory to do the 'make' in (-m)
327 #SOURCEDIR='/usr/src'
329 # Directory to install the temporary root environment into (-t)
330 #TEMPROOT='/var/tmp/temproot'
332 # Specify the destination directory for the installed files (-D)
335 # Strict comparison skips the VCS Id test and compares every file (-s)
338 # Type of diff, such as unified, context, etc. (-c)
341 # Install the new file if it differs only by VCS Id ($FreeBSD, -F)
344 # Verbose mode includes more details and additional checks (-v)
347 # Automatically install files that do not exist on the system already (-i)
350 # Automatically upgrade files that have not been user modified (-U)
353 # Compare /etc/rc.conf[.local] to /etc/defaults/rc.conf (-C)
356 # Preserve files that you replace (-P)
358 #PRESERVE_FILES_DIR=/var/tmp/mergemaster/preserved-files-`date +%y%m%d-%H%M%S`
360 # The umask for mergemaster to compare the default file's modes to (-u)
363 # The following options have no command line overrides
365 # Files to always avoid comparing
366 #IGNORE_FILES='/etc/motd /etc/printcap foo bar'
368 # Additional options for diff. This will get unset when using -s.
369 #DIFF_OPTIONS='-Bb' # Ignore changes in whitespace
371 # Location to store the list of mtree values for AUTO_UPGRADE purposes
374 # For those who just cannot stand including the full path to PAGER
377 # If you set 'yes' above, make sure to include the PATH to your pager
378 #PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
380 # Delete stale files in /etc/rc.d without prompting
381 #DELETE_STALE_RC_FILES=
383 # Specify the path to scripts to run before the comparison starts,
384 # and/or after the script has finished its work
385 #MM_PRE_COMPARE_SCRIPT=
389 Exit status is 0 on successful completion, or if the user bails out
390 manually at some point during execution.
392 Exit status is 1 if it fails for one of the following reasons:
394 Invalid command line option
396 Failure to create the temporary root environment
398 Failure to populate the temporary root
400 Presence of the 'nodev' option in
401 .Pa <DESTDIR>/etc/fstab
403 Failure to install a file
405 Typically all you will need to do is type
407 at the prompt and the script will do all the work for you.
409 To use context diffs and have
411 explain more things as it goes along, use:
413 .Dl # mergemaster -cv
417 put the temporary root environment in
421 .Dl # mergemaster -t /usr/tmp/root
423 To specify a 110 column screen with a strict
426 .Dl # mergemaster -sw 110
434 .Pa /usr/src/etc/Makefile
436 .%O http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
437 .%T The Cutting Edge (using make world)
443 utility was first publicly available on one of my
444 web pages in a much simpler form under the name
447 The idea for creating the
448 temporary root environment comes from Nik Clayton's
449 make world tutorial which is referenced above.
451 This manual page and the script itself were written by
452 .An Douglas Barton Aq DougB@FreeBSD.org .
454 There are no known bugs.
455 Please report any problems,
456 comments or suggestions to the author.
458 improvements to this program have come from user