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28 .\" @(#)pwd_mkdb.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93
36 .Nd "generate the password databases"
49 style secure and insecure databases for the specified file.
50 These databases are then installed into
55 The file is installed into
56 .Pa /etc/master.passwd .
57 The file must be in the correct format (see
59 It is important to note that the format used in this system is
60 different from the historic Version 7 style format.
62 The options are as follows:
65 Check if the password file is in the correct format.
67 change, add, or remove any files.
71 to exit with an error if it cannot obtain a lock on the file.
73 we block waiting for a lock on the source file.
74 The lock is held through
75 the rebuilding of the database.
77 Create a Version 7 style password file and install it into
80 Ignore locking failure of the
83 This option is intended to be used to build password files in
84 the release process over NFS where no contention can happen.
85 A non-default directory must also be specified with the
87 option for locking to be ignored.
88 Other use of this option is strongly discouraged.
90 Store databases into specified destination directory instead of
93 Only update the record for the specified user.
95 operate on a single user can use this option to avoid the
96 overhead of rebuilding the entire database.
98 Specify in megabytes the size of the memory cache used by the
100 On systems with a large user base, a small cache
101 size can lead to prohibitively long database file rebuild times.
102 As a rough guide, the memory usage of
104 in megabytes will be a little bit more than twice the figure
106 The default is 2 megabytes.
109 The two databases differ in that the secure version contains the user's
110 encrypted password and the insecure version has an asterisk (``*'')
112 The databases are used by the C library password routines (see
118 utility generates new,
119 machine independent format
122 For compatibility with
124 and earlier releases,
127 option may be specified,
128 which enables generation of legacy format
131 The legacy format entries are endianness dependent.
133 The following options may be specified and will affect the
134 generation of legacy entries.
137 Store data in big-endian format.
139 Store data in little-endian format.
144 utility exits zero on success, non-zero on failure.
148 environment variable is set,
150 will suppress the warning messages that are
151 normally generated for large user and group IDs.
152 Such IDs can cause serious problems with software
153 that makes assumptions about the values of IDs.
155 .Bl -tag -width Pa -compact
157 The insecure password database file.
158 .It Pa /etc/pwd.db.tmp
161 The secure password database file.
162 .It Pa /etc/spwd.db.tmp
164 .It Pa /etc/master.passwd
165 The current password file.
167 A Version 7 format password file.
170 Regenerate the password database after manually editing or replacing
172 .Bd -literal -offset -indent
173 /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb -p /etc/master.passwd
176 Previous versions of the system had a program similar to
181 style databases for the password file but depended on the calling programs
183 The program was renamed in order that previous users of the program
184 not be surprised by the changes in functionality.
193 Because of the necessity for atomic update of the password files,
198 This, however, requires that the file specified on the command line live
199 on the same file system as the
203 There are the obvious races with multiple people running
205 on different password files at the same time.
212 handle the locking necessary to avoid this problem.