2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17 * without specific prior written permission.
19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34 static const char copyright[] =
35 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
36 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)pwd_mkdb.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 4/20/94";
44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
47 #include <sys/param.h>
48 #include <sys/endian.h>
50 #include <arpa/inet.h>
69 #define PERM_INSECURE (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)
70 #define PERM_SECURE (S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)
71 #define LEGACY_VERSION(x) _PW_VERSIONED(x, 3)
72 #define CURRENT_VERSION(x) _PW_VERSIONED(x, 4)
74 static HASHINFO openinfo = {
78 2048 * 1024, /* cachesize */
80 BIG_ENDIAN /* lorder */
83 static enum state { FILE_INSECURE, FILE_SECURE, FILE_ORIG } clean;
84 static struct passwd pwd; /* password structure */
85 static char *pname; /* password file name */
86 static char prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
88 static int is_comment; /* flag for comments */
89 static char line[LINE_MAX];
92 void error(const char *);
93 void cp(char *, char *, mode_t mode);
94 void mv(char *, char *);
95 int scan(FILE *, struct passwd *);
96 static void usage(void);
99 main(int argc, char *argv[])
101 static char verskey[] = _PWD_VERSION_KEY;
102 char version = _PWD_CURRENT_VERSION;
103 DB *dp, *sdp, *pw_db;
104 DBT data, sdata, key;
107 int ch, cnt, ypcnt, makeold, tfd, yp_enabled = 0;
112 char buf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)], tbuf[1024];
113 char sbuf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)];
114 char buf2[MAXPATHLEN];
115 char sbuf2[MAXPATHLEN];
117 u_int method, methoduid;
118 int Cflag, dflag, iflag;
121 iflag = dflag = Cflag = 0;
122 strcpy(prefix, _PATH_PWD);
126 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "CNd:ips:u:v")) != -1)
128 case 'C': /* verify only */
131 case 'N': /* do not wait for lock */
132 nblock = LOCK_NB; /* will fail if locked */
136 strlcpy(prefix, optarg, sizeof(prefix));
141 case 'p': /* create V7 "file.orig" */
144 case 's': /* change default cachesize */
145 openinfo.cachesize = atoi(optarg) * 1024 * 1024;
147 case 'u': /* only update this record */
150 case 'v': /* backward compatible */
158 if (argc != 1 || (username && (*username == '+' || *username == '-')))
162 * This could be changed to allow the user to interrupt.
163 * Probably not worth the effort.
166 sigaddset(&set, SIGTSTP);
167 sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP);
168 sigaddset(&set, SIGINT);
169 sigaddset(&set, SIGQUIT);
170 sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
171 (void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, (sigset_t *)NULL);
173 /* We don't care what the user wants. */
179 * Open and lock the original password file. We have to check
180 * the hardlink count after we get the lock to handle any potential
181 * unlink/rename race.
183 * This lock is necessary when someone runs pwd_mkdb manually, directly
184 * on master.passwd, to handle the case where a user might try to
185 * change his password while pwd_mkdb is running.
190 if (!(fp = fopen(pname, "r")))
192 if (flock(fileno(fp), LOCK_EX|nblock) < 0 && !(dflag && iflag))
194 if (fstat(fileno(fp), &st) < 0)
196 if (st.st_nlink != 0)
202 /* check only if password database is valid */
204 while (scan(fp, &pwd))
205 if (!is_comment && strlen(pwd.pw_name) >= MAXLOGNAME) {
206 warnx("%s: username too long", pwd.pw_name);
212 /* Open the temporary insecure password database. */
213 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
214 (void)snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
218 (void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _MP_DB);
219 (void)snprintf(sbuf2, sizeof(sbuf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _SMP_DB);
221 clean = FILE_INSECURE;
222 cp(buf2, buf, PERM_INSECURE);
224 O_RDWR|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
229 cp(sbuf2, sbuf, PERM_SECURE);
231 O_RDWR|O_EXCL, PERM_SECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
236 * Do some trouble to check if we should store this users
237 * uid. Don't use getpwnam/getpwuid as that interferes
240 pw_db = dbopen(_PATH_MP_DB, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, NULL);
245 key.size = sizeof(verskey)-1;
246 if ((pw_db->get)(pw_db, &key, &data, 0) == 0)
247 use_version = *(unsigned char *)data.data;
250 buf[0] = _PW_VERSIONED(_PW_KEYBYNAME, use_version);
251 len = strlen(username);
253 /* Only check that username fits in buffer */
254 memmove(buf + 1, username, MIN(len, sizeof(buf) - 1));
255 key.data = (u_char *)buf;
257 if ((pw_db->get)(pw_db, &key, &data, 0) == 0) {
258 p = (char *)data.data;
260 /* jump over pw_name and pw_passwd, to get to pw_uid */
266 buf[0] = _PW_VERSIONED(_PW_KEYBYUID, use_version);
267 memmove(buf + 1, p, sizeof(store));
268 key.data = (u_char *)buf;
269 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
271 if ((pw_db->get)(pw_db, &key, &data, 0) == 0) {
272 /* First field of data.data holds pw_pwname */
273 if (!strcmp(data.data, username))
276 methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
278 methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
281 methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
283 if ((pw_db->close)(pw_db))
284 error("close pw_db");
288 O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
291 clean = FILE_INSECURE;
294 O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_SECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
299 method = R_NOOVERWRITE;
300 methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
304 * Open file for old password file. Minor trickiness -- don't want to
305 * chance the file already existing, since someone (stupidly) might
306 * still be using this for permission checking. So, open it first and
307 * fdopen the resulting fd. The resulting file should be readable by
311 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
313 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE)) < 0)
315 if ((oldfp = fdopen(tfd, "w")) == NULL)
321 * The databases actually contain three copies of the original data.
322 * Each password file entry is converted into a rough approximation
323 * of a ``struct passwd'', with the strings placed inline. This
324 * object is then stored as the data for three separate keys. The
325 * first key * is the pw_name field prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNAME
326 * character. The second key is the pw_uid field prepended by the
327 * _PW_KEYBYUID character. The third key is the line number in the
328 * original file prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNUM character. (The special
329 * characters are prepended to ensure that the keys do not collide.)
331 /* In order to transition this file into a machine-independent
332 * form, we have to change the format of entries. However, since
333 * older binaries will still expect the old MD format entries, we
334 * create those as usual and use versioned tags for the new entries.
336 if (username == NULL) {
337 /* Do not add the VERSION tag when updating a single
338 * user. When operating on `old format' databases, this
339 * would result in applications `seeing' only the updated
343 key.size = sizeof(verskey)-1;
344 data.data = &version;
346 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, 0) == -1)
348 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &data, 0) == -1)
352 data.data = (u_char *)buf;
353 sdata.data = (u_char *)sbuf;
354 key.data = (u_char *)tbuf;
355 for (cnt = 1; scan(fp, &pwd); ++cnt) {
357 (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+' || pwd.pw_name[0] == '-')) {
363 #define COMPACT(e) t = e; while ((*p++ = *t++));
364 #define SCALAR(e) store = htonl((uint32_t)(e)); \
365 memmove(p, &store, sizeof(store)); \
367 #define LSCALAR(e) store = HTOL((uint32_t)(e)); \
368 memmove(p, &store, sizeof(store)); \
370 #define HTOL(e) (openinfo.lorder == BYTE_ORDER ? \
372 bswap32((uint32_t)(e)))
374 (!username || (strcmp(username, pwd.pw_name) == 0))) {
375 /* Create insecure data. */
377 COMPACT(pwd.pw_name);
381 SCALAR(pwd.pw_change);
382 COMPACT(pwd.pw_class);
383 COMPACT(pwd.pw_gecos);
385 COMPACT(pwd.pw_shell);
386 SCALAR(pwd.pw_expire);
387 SCALAR(pwd.pw_fields);
390 /* Create secure data. */
392 COMPACT(pwd.pw_name);
393 COMPACT(pwd.pw_passwd);
396 SCALAR(pwd.pw_change);
397 COMPACT(pwd.pw_class);
398 COMPACT(pwd.pw_gecos);
400 COMPACT(pwd.pw_shell);
401 SCALAR(pwd.pw_expire);
402 SCALAR(pwd.pw_fields);
403 sdata.size = p - sbuf;
405 /* Store insecure by name. */
406 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYNAME);
407 len = strlen(pwd.pw_name);
408 memmove(tbuf + 1, pwd.pw_name, len);
410 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
413 /* Store insecure by number. */
414 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYNUM);
416 memmove(tbuf + 1, &store, sizeof(store));
417 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
418 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
421 /* Store insecure by uid. */
422 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYUID);
423 store = htonl(pwd.pw_uid);
424 memmove(tbuf + 1, &store, sizeof(store));
425 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
426 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, methoduid) == -1)
429 /* Store secure by name. */
430 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYNAME);
431 len = strlen(pwd.pw_name);
432 memmove(tbuf + 1, pwd.pw_name, len);
434 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
437 /* Store secure by number. */
438 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYNUM);
440 memmove(tbuf + 1, &store, sizeof(store));
441 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
442 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
445 /* Store secure by uid. */
446 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYBYUID);
447 store = htonl(pwd.pw_uid);
448 memmove(tbuf + 1, &store, sizeof(store));
449 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
450 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, methoduid) == -1)
453 /* Store insecure and secure special plus and special minus */
454 if (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+' || pwd.pw_name[0] == '-') {
455 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYYPBYNUM);
456 store = htonl(ypcnt);
457 memmove(tbuf + 1, &store, sizeof(store));
458 key.size = sizeof(store) + 1;
459 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
461 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
465 /* Create original format password file entry */
466 if (is_comment && makeold){ /* copy comments */
467 if (fprintf(oldfp, "%s\n", line) < 0)
469 } else if (makeold) {
473 snprintf(uidstr, sizeof(uidstr), "%u", pwd.pw_uid);
474 snprintf(gidstr, sizeof(gidstr), "%u", pwd.pw_gid);
476 if (fprintf(oldfp, "%s:*:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",
477 pwd.pw_name, pwd.pw_fields & _PWF_UID ? uidstr : "",
478 pwd.pw_fields & _PWF_GID ? gidstr : "",
479 pwd.pw_gecos, pwd.pw_dir, pwd.pw_shell) < 0)
483 /* If YP enabled, set flag. */
485 buf[0] = yp_enabled + 2;
488 tbuf[0] = CURRENT_VERSION(_PW_KEYYPENABLED);
489 if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
491 if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
495 if ((dp->close)(dp) == -1)
497 if ((sdp->close)(sdp) == -1)
501 if (fclose(oldfp) == EOF)
505 /* Set master.passwd permissions, in case caller forgot. */
506 (void)fchmod(fileno(fp), S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
508 /* Install as the real password files. */
509 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
510 (void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _MP_DB);
512 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
513 (void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _SMP_DB);
516 (void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _PASSWD);
517 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
521 * Move the master password LAST -- chpass(1), passwd(1) and vipw(8)
522 * all use flock(2) on it to block other incarnations of themselves.
523 * The rename means that everything is unlocked, as the original file
524 * can no longer be accessed.
526 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", prefix, _MASTERPASSWD);
530 * Close locked password file after rename()
532 if (fclose(fp) == EOF)
539 scan(FILE *fp, struct passwd *pw)
545 p = fgetln(fp, &len);
550 * ``... if I swallow anything evil, put your fingers down my
554 if (len > 0 && p[len - 1] == '\n')
556 if (len >= sizeof(line) - 1) {
557 warnx("line #%d too long", lcnt);
560 memcpy(line, p, len);
564 * Ignore comments: ^[ \t]*#
566 for (p = line; *p != '\0'; p++)
567 if (*p != ' ' && *p != '\t')
569 if (*p == '#' || *p == '\0') {
575 if (!__pw_scan(line, pw, _PWSCAN_WARN|_PWSCAN_MASTER)) {
576 warnx("at line #%d", lcnt);
577 fmt: errno = EFTYPE; /* XXX */
585 cp(char *from, char *to, mode_t mode)
587 static char buf[MAXBSIZE];
588 int from_fd, rcount, to_fd, wcount;
590 if ((from_fd = open(from, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
592 if ((to_fd = open(to, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, mode)) < 0)
594 while ((rcount = read(from_fd, buf, MAXBSIZE)) > 0) {
595 wcount = write(to_fd, buf, rcount);
596 if (rcount != wcount || wcount == -1) {
599 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
607 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
615 mv(char *from, char *to)
617 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
622 * Make sure file is safe on disk. To improve performance we will call
623 * fsync() to the directory where file lies
625 if (rename(from, to) != 0 ||
626 (to_dir = dirname(to)) == NULL ||
627 (to_dir_fd = open(to_dir, O_RDONLY|O_DIRECTORY)) == -1 ||
628 fsync(to_dir_fd) != 0) {
630 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
642 error(const char *name)
653 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
657 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
661 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
665 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
674 (void)fprintf(stderr,
675 "usage: pwd_mkdb [-BCiLNp] [-d directory] [-s cachesize] [-u username] file\n");