2 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15 * without specific prior written permission.
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 static const char copyright[] =
32 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1993\n\
33 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
38 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)rwhod.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/socket.h>
48 #include <sys/signal.h>
49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <net/if_dl.h>
54 #include <net/route.h>
55 #include <netinet/in.h>
56 #include <arpa/inet.h>
57 #include <protocols/rwhod.h>
76 * This version of Berkeley's rwhod has been modified to use IP multicast
77 * datagrams, under control of a new command-line option:
79 * rwhod -m causes rwhod to use IP multicast (instead of
80 * broadcast or unicast) on all interfaces that have
81 * the IFF_MULTICAST flag set in their "ifnet" structs
82 * (excluding the loopback interface). The multicast
83 * reports are sent with a time-to-live of 1, to prevent
84 * forwarding beyond the directly-connected subnet(s).
86 * rwhod -m <ttl> causes rwhod to send IP multicast datagrams with a
87 * time-to-live of <ttl>, via a SINGLE interface rather
88 * than all interfaces. <ttl> must be between 0 and
89 * MAX_MULTICAST_SCOPE, defined below. Note that "-m 1"
90 * is different than "-m", in that "-m 1" specifies
91 * transmission on one interface only.
93 * When "-m" is used without a <ttl> argument, the program accepts multicast
94 * rwhod reports from all multicast-capable interfaces. If a <ttl> argument
95 * is given, it accepts multicast reports from only one interface, the one
96 * on which reports are sent (which may be controlled via the host's routing
97 * table). Regardless of the "-m" option, the program accepts broadcast or
98 * unicast reports from all interfaces. Thus, this program will hear the
99 * reports of old, non-multicasting rwhods, but, if multicasting is used,
100 * those old rwhods won't hear the reports generated by this program.
102 * -- Steve Deering, Stanford University, February 1989
105 #define UNPRIV_USER "daemon"
106 #define UNPRIV_GROUP "daemon"
108 #define NO_MULTICAST 0 /* multicast modes */
109 #define PER_INTERFACE_MULTICAST 1
110 #define SCOPED_MULTICAST 2
112 #define MAX_MULTICAST_SCOPE 32 /* "site-wide", by convention */
114 #define INADDR_WHOD_GROUP (u_long)0xe0000103 /* 224.0.1.3 */
115 /* (belongs in protocols/rwhod.h) */
119 int iff_flag = IFF_POINTOPOINT;
120 int multicast_mode = NO_MULTICAST;
122 struct sockaddr_in multicast_addr =
123 { sizeof multicast_addr, AF_INET, 0, { 0 }, { 0 } };
126 * Alarm interval. Don't forget to change the down time check in ruptime
127 * if this is changed.
129 #define AL_INTERVAL (3 * 60)
131 char myname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
134 * We communicate with each neighbor in a list constructed at the time we're
135 * started up. Neighbors are currently directly connected via a hardware
139 struct neighbor *n_next;
140 char *n_name; /* interface name */
141 struct sockaddr *n_addr; /* who to send to */
142 int n_addrlen; /* size of address */
143 int n_flags; /* should forward?, interface flags */
146 struct neighbor *neighbors;
151 #define WHDRSIZE (int)(sizeof(mywd) - sizeof(mywd.wd_we))
153 void run_as(uid_t *, gid_t *);
155 void getboottime(int);
157 void quit(const char *);
158 void rt_xaddrs(caddr_t, caddr_t, struct rt_addrinfo *);
159 int verify(char *, int);
160 static void usage(void);
162 char *interval(int, char *);
163 void Sendto(int, const void *, size_t, int, const struct sockaddr *, int);
164 #define sendto Sendto
168 main(int argc, char *argv[])
170 struct sockaddr_in from;
175 struct sockaddr_in soin;
180 errx(1, "not super user");
182 run_as(&unpriv_uid, &unpriv_gid);
185 while (argc > 0 && *argv[0] == '-') {
186 if (strcmp(*argv, "-m") == 0) {
187 if (argc > 1 && isdigit(*(argv + 1)[0])) {
189 multicast_mode = SCOPED_MULTICAST;
190 multicast_scope = atoi(*argv);
191 if (multicast_scope > MAX_MULTICAST_SCOPE)
192 errx(1, "ttl must not exceed %u",
193 MAX_MULTICAST_SCOPE);
195 else multicast_mode = PER_INTERFACE_MULTICAST;
197 else if (strcmp(*argv, "-i") == 0)
199 else if (strcmp(*argv, "-l") == 0)
201 else if (strcmp(*argv, "-p") == 0)
212 (void) signal(SIGHUP, getboottime);
213 openlog("rwhod", LOG_PID, LOG_DAEMON);
214 sp = getservbyname("who", "udp");
216 syslog(LOG_ERR, "who/udp: unknown service");
219 if (chdir(_PATH_RWHODIR) < 0) {
220 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", _PATH_RWHODIR);
224 * Establish host name as returned by system.
226 if (gethostname(myname, sizeof(myname) - 1) < 0) {
227 syslog(LOG_ERR, "gethostname: %m");
230 if ((cp = index(myname, '.')) != NULL)
232 strncpy(mywd.wd_hostname, myname, sizeof(mywd.wd_hostname) - 1);
233 mywd.wd_hostname[sizeof(mywd.wd_hostname) - 1] = '\0';
235 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
236 syslog(LOG_ERR, "socket: %m");
239 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) {
240 syslog(LOG_ERR, "setsockopt SO_BROADCAST: %m");
243 memset(&soin, 0, sizeof(soin));
244 soin.sin_len = sizeof(soin);
245 soin.sin_family = AF_INET;
246 soin.sin_port = sp->s_port;
247 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&soin, sizeof(soin)) < 0) {
248 syslog(LOG_ERR, "bind: %m");
252 setgroups(1, &unpriv_gid); /* XXX BOGUS groups[0] = egid */
257 signal(SIGALRM, onalrm);
262 socklen_t len = sizeof(from);
266 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)&wd, sizeof(struct whod), 0,
267 (struct sockaddr *)&from, &len);
269 if (cc < 0 && errno != EINTR)
270 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "recv: %m");
273 if (from.sin_port != sp->s_port && !insecure_mode) {
274 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "%d: bad source port from %s",
275 ntohs(from.sin_port), inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr));
279 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "short packet from %s",
280 inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr));
283 if (wd.wd_vers != WHODVERSION)
285 if (wd.wd_type != WHODTYPE_STATUS)
287 if (!verify(wd.wd_hostname, sizeof wd.wd_hostname)) {
288 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "malformed host name from %s",
289 inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr));
292 (void) snprintf(path, sizeof path, "whod.%s", wd.wd_hostname);
294 * Rather than truncating and growing the file each time,
295 * use ftruncate if size is less than previous size.
297 whod = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0644);
299 syslog(LOG_WARNING, "%s: %m", path);
302 #if ENDIAN != BIG_ENDIAN
304 int i, n = (cc - WHDRSIZE)/sizeof(struct whoent);
307 /* undo header byte swapping before writing to file */
308 wd.wd_sendtime = ntohl(wd.wd_sendtime);
309 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
310 wd.wd_loadav[i] = ntohl(wd.wd_loadav[i]);
311 wd.wd_boottime = ntohl(wd.wd_boottime);
313 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
314 we->we_idle = ntohl(we->we_idle);
315 we->we_utmp.out_time =
316 ntohl(we->we_utmp.out_time);
322 wd.wd_recvtime = _time_to_int(t);
323 (void) write(whod, (char *)&wd, cc);
324 if (fstat(whod, &st) < 0 || st.st_size > cc)
333 fprintf(stderr, "usage: rwhod [-i] [-p] [-l] [-m [ttl]]\n");
345 pw = getpwnam(UNPRIV_USER);
347 syslog(LOG_ERR, "getpwnam(%s): %m", UNPRIV_USER);
352 gr = getgrnam(UNPRIV_GROUP);
354 syslog(LOG_ERR, "getgrnam(%s): %m", UNPRIV_GROUP);
361 * Check out host name for unprintables
362 * and other funnies before allowing a file
363 * to be created. Sorry, but blanks aren't allowed.
370 register int size = 0;
372 while (*name && size < maxlen - 1) {
373 if (!isascii(*name) || !(isalnum(*name) || ispunct(*name)))
382 onalrm(int signo __unused)
385 struct whoent *we = mywd.wd_we, *wend;
388 static int alarmcount = 0;
394 if (alarmcount % 10 == 0)
397 wend = &mywd.wd_we[1024 / sizeof(struct whoent)];
399 while ((ut = getutxent()) != NULL && we < wend) {
400 if (ut->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
402 strncpy(we->we_utmp.out_line, ut->ut_line,
403 sizeof(we->we_utmp.out_line));
404 strncpy(we->we_utmp.out_name, ut->ut_user,
405 sizeof(we->we_utmp.out_name));
406 we->we_utmp.out_time =
407 htonl(_time_to_time32(ut->ut_tv.tv_sec));
412 if (chdir(_PATH_DEV)) {
413 syslog(LOG_ERR, "chdir(%s): %m", _PATH_DEV);
417 for (we = mywd.wd_we; we < wend; we++) {
418 if (stat(we->we_utmp.out_line, &stb) >= 0)
419 we->we_idle = htonl(now - stb.st_atime);
422 (void)getloadavg(avenrun, sizeof(avenrun)/sizeof(avenrun[0]));
423 for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
424 mywd.wd_loadav[i] = htonl((u_long)(avenrun[i] * 100));
425 cc = (char *)wend - (char *)&mywd;
426 mywd.wd_sendtime = htonl(_time_to_time32(time(NULL)));
427 mywd.wd_vers = WHODVERSION;
428 mywd.wd_type = WHODTYPE_STATUS;
429 if (multicast_mode == SCOPED_MULTICAST) {
430 (void) sendto(s, (char *)&mywd, cc, 0,
431 (struct sockaddr *)&multicast_addr,
432 sizeof(multicast_addr));
434 else for (np = neighbors; np != NULL; np = np->n_next) {
435 if (multicast_mode == PER_INTERFACE_MULTICAST &&
436 np->n_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) {
438 * Select the outgoing interface for the multicast.
440 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF,
441 &(((struct sockaddr_in *)np->n_addr)->sin_addr),
442 sizeof(struct in_addr)) < 0) {
444 "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_IF: %m");
447 (void) sendto(s, (char *)&mywd, cc, 0,
448 (struct sockaddr *)&multicast_addr,
449 sizeof(multicast_addr));
450 } else (void) sendto(s, (char *)&mywd, cc, 0,
451 np->n_addr, np->n_addrlen);
453 if (chdir(_PATH_RWHODIR)) {
454 syslog(LOG_ERR, "chdir(%s): %m", _PATH_RWHODIR);
457 (void) alarm(AL_INTERVAL);
469 mib[1] = KERN_BOOTTIME;
471 if (sysctl(mib, 2, &tm, &size, NULL, 0) == -1) {
472 syslog(LOG_ERR, "cannot get boottime: %m");
475 mywd.wd_boottime = htonl(_time_to_time32(tm.tv_sec));
482 syslog(LOG_ERR, "%s", msg);
487 rt_xaddrs(cp, cplim, rtinfo)
488 register caddr_t cp, cplim;
489 register struct rt_addrinfo *rtinfo;
491 register struct sockaddr *sa;
494 memset(rtinfo->rti_info, 0, sizeof(rtinfo->rti_info));
495 for (i = 0; (i < RTAX_MAX) && (cp < cplim); i++) {
496 if ((rtinfo->rti_addrs & (1 << i)) == 0)
498 rtinfo->rti_info[i] = sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
504 * Figure out device configuration and select
505 * networks which deserve status information.
511 register struct neighbor *np;
512 register struct if_msghdr *ifm;
513 register struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
514 struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
516 int mib[6], flags = 0, len;
517 char *buf, *lim, *next;
518 struct rt_addrinfo info;
520 if (multicast_mode != NO_MULTICAST) {
521 multicast_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_WHOD_GROUP);
522 multicast_addr.sin_port = sp->s_port;
525 if (multicast_mode == SCOPED_MULTICAST) {
529 mreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_WHOD_GROUP);
530 mreq.imr_interface.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
531 if (setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,
532 &mreq, sizeof(mreq)) < 0) {
534 "setsockopt IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: %m");
537 ttl = multicast_scope;
538 if (setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL,
539 &ttl, sizeof(ttl)) < 0) {
541 "setsockopt IP_MULTICAST_TTL: %m");
551 mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
553 if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
554 quit("route-sysctl-estimate");
555 if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
557 if (sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
558 quit("actual retrieval of interface table");
561 sdl = NULL; /* XXX just to keep gcc -Wall happy */
562 for (next = buf; next < lim; next += ifm->ifm_msglen) {
563 ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
564 if (ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO) {
565 sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)(ifm + 1);
566 flags = ifm->ifm_flags;
569 if ((flags & IFF_UP) == 0 ||
570 (flags & (((multicast_mode == PER_INTERFACE_MULTICAST) ?
572 IFF_BROADCAST|iff_flag)) == 0)
574 if (ifm->ifm_type != RTM_NEWADDR)
575 quit("out of sync parsing NET_RT_IFLIST");
576 ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)ifm;
577 info.rti_addrs = ifam->ifam_addrs;
578 rt_xaddrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_msglen + (char *)ifam,
580 /* gag, wish we could get rid of Internet dependencies */
581 #define dstaddr info.rti_info[RTAX_BRD]
582 #define ifaddr info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA]
583 #define IPADDR_SA(x) ((struct sockaddr_in *)(x))->sin_addr.s_addr
584 #define PORT_SA(x) ((struct sockaddr_in *)(x))->sin_port
585 if (dstaddr == 0 || dstaddr->sa_family != AF_INET)
587 PORT_SA(dstaddr) = sp->s_port;
588 for (np = neighbors; np != NULL; np = np->n_next)
589 if (memcmp(sdl->sdl_data, np->n_name,
590 sdl->sdl_nlen) == 0 &&
591 IPADDR_SA(np->n_addr) == IPADDR_SA(dstaddr))
595 len = sizeof(*np) + dstaddr->sa_len + sdl->sdl_nlen + 1;
596 np = (struct neighbor *)malloc(len);
598 quit("malloc of neighbor structure");
601 np->n_addr = (struct sockaddr *)(np + 1);
602 np->n_addrlen = dstaddr->sa_len;
603 np->n_name = np->n_addrlen + (char *)np->n_addr;
604 memcpy((char *)np->n_addr, (char *)dstaddr, np->n_addrlen);
605 memcpy(np->n_name, sdl->sdl_data, sdl->sdl_nlen);
606 if (multicast_mode == PER_INTERFACE_MULTICAST &&
607 (flags & IFF_MULTICAST) &&
608 !(flags & IFF_LOOPBACK)) {
611 memcpy((char *)np->n_addr, (char *)ifaddr,
613 mreq.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_WHOD_GROUP);
614 mreq.imr_interface.s_addr =
615 ((struct sockaddr_in *)np->n_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
616 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,
617 &mreq, sizeof(mreq)) < 0) {
619 "setsockopt IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP: %m");
621 /* Fall back to broadcast on this if. */
622 np->n_flags &= ~IFF_MULTICAST;
629 np->n_next = neighbors;
638 Sendto(s, buf, cc, flags, to, tolen)
643 const struct sockaddr *to;
646 register struct whod *w = (struct whod *)buf;
647 register struct whoent *we;
648 struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)to;
650 printf("sendto %x.%d\n", ntohl(sin->sin_addr.s_addr),
651 ntohs(sin->sin_port));
652 printf("hostname %s %s\n", w->wd_hostname,
653 interval(ntohl(w->wd_sendtime) - ntohl(w->wd_boottime), " up"));
654 printf("load %4.2f, %4.2f, %4.2f\n",
655 ntohl(w->wd_loadav[0]) / 100.0, ntohl(w->wd_loadav[1]) / 100.0,
656 ntohl(w->wd_loadav[2]) / 100.0);
658 for (we = w->wd_we, cc /= sizeof(struct whoent); cc > 0; cc--, we++) {
659 time_t t = _time32_to_time(ntohl(we->we_utmp.out_time));
660 printf("%-8.8s %s:%s %.12s",
661 we->we_utmp.out_name,
662 w->wd_hostname, we->we_utmp.out_line,
664 we->we_idle = ntohl(we->we_idle) / 60;
666 if (we->we_idle >= 100*60)
667 we->we_idle = 100*60 - 1;
668 if (we->we_idle >= 60)
669 printf(" %2d", we->we_idle / 60);
672 printf(":%02d", we->we_idle % 60);
679 interval(time, updown)
683 static char resbuf[32];
684 int days, hours, minutes;
686 if (time < 0 || time > 3*30*24*60*60) {
687 (void) sprintf(resbuf, " %s ??:??", updown);
690 minutes = (time + 59) / 60; /* round to minutes */
691 hours = minutes / 60; minutes %= 60;
692 days = hours / 24; hours %= 24;
694 (void) sprintf(resbuf, "%s %2d+%02d:%02d",
695 updown, days, hours, minutes);
697 (void) sprintf(resbuf, "%s %2d:%02d",
698 updown, hours, minutes);