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32 .Nd system installation and configuration tool
41 utility is used for installing and configuring
44 It is the first utility invoked by the
47 floppy and is also copied into
51 systems for use in later configuring the system.
55 utility is generally invoked without arguments for the default
56 behavior, where the main installation/configuration menu is presented.
58 On those occasions where it is deemed necessary to invoke a subsystem
59 of sysinstall directly, however, it is also possible to do so by
60 naming the appropriate function entry points on the command line.
61 Since this action is essentially identical to running an installation
62 script, each command-line argument corresponding to a line of script,
63 the reader is encouraged to read the section on scripting for more
64 information on this feature.
68 utility is essentially nothing more than a monolithic C program with
69 the ability to write MBRs and disk labels (through the services
72 library) and install distributions or packages onto new and
75 systems. It also contains some extra intelligence
76 for running as a replacement for
78 when it's invoked by the
80 installation boot procedure. It
81 assumes very little in the way of additional utility support and
82 performs most file system operations by calling the relevant syscalls
89 utility currently uses the
91 library to do user interaction with simple ANSI line graphics, color
92 support for which is enabled by either running on a syscons VTY or some
93 other color-capable terminal emulator (newer versions of xterm will support
98 This product is currently at the end of its life cycle and will
99 eventually be replaced.
103 utility may be either driven interactively through its various internal menus
104 or run in batch mode, driven by an external script. Such a script may
105 be loaded and executed in one of 3 ways:
107 .It Sy "LOAD_CONFIG_FILE"
110 is compiled with LOAD_CONFIG_FILE set in the environment
111 (or in the Makefile) to some value, then that value will
112 be used as the filename to automatically look for and load
115 starts up and with no user interaction required.
116 This option is aimed primarily at large sites who wish to create a
117 single prototype install for multiple machines with largely identical
118 configurations and/or installation options.
122 is run interactively, that is to say in the default manner, it will
123 bring up a main menu which contains a "load config file" option.
124 Selecting this option will prompt for the name of a script file which
125 it then will attempt to load from a DOS or UFS formatted floppy.
126 .It Sy "COMMAND LINE"
127 Each command line argument is treated as a script directive
130 is run in multi-user mode. Execution ends either by explicit request
133 directive), upon reaching the end of the argument list or on error.
137 /stand/sysinstall _ftpPath=ftp://ziggy/pub/ mediaSetFTP configPackages
142 for FTP installation media (using the server `ziggy') and then
143 bring up the package installation editor, exiting when finished.
146 A script is a list of one or more directives, each directive taking
158 is the assignment of some internal
160 variable, e.g. "ftpPass=FuNkYChiKn", and
162 is the name of an internal
164 function, e.g. "mediaSetFTP", and
166 is a single-line comment for documentation purposes (ignored by
167 sysinstall). Each directive must be by itself on a single line,
168 functions taking their arguments by examining known variable names.
169 This requires that you be sure to assign the relevant variables before
170 calling a function which requires them.
174 variable can be assigned before each directive: this will cause any error
175 detected while processing the directive itself to be ignored.
178 will automatically reset to the default "unassigned" every time a directive is
181 When and where a function depends on the settings of one or more variables
182 will be noted in the following table:
184 .Sy "Function Glossary" :
186 .Bl -tag -width indent
188 Invoke the Anonymous FTP configuration menu.
193 Select which routing daemon you wish to use, potentially
194 loading any required 3rd-party routing daemons as necessary.
197 .Bl -tag -width indent
199 can be set to the name of the desired routing daemon,
204 otherwise it is prompted for.
207 Configure host as an NFS server.
212 Configure host as a user of the Network Time Protocol.
215 .Bl -tag -width indent
219 that is to say the name of the server to sync from.
222 Configure host to support PC NFS.
225 .Bl -tag -width indent
227 The name of the PCNFSD package to load if necessary (defaults to hard coded
231 Bring up the interactive package management menu.
236 Add users and/or groups to the system.
240 .It configXEnvironment
241 Configure the X display subsystem.
245 .It diskPartitionEditor
246 Invokes the disk partition (MBR) editor.
249 .Bl -tag -width findx
251 The disk geometry, as a cyls/heads/sectors formatted string. Default: no
254 Set to disk partitioning type or size, its value being
256 in order to use only remaining free space for
259 to use the entire disk for
261 but maintain a proper partition
266 partition (first found),
269 .Dq dangerously dedicated
274 blocks of available free space to a new
277 Default: Interactive mode.
281 to signify the installation of a boot manager,
283 to signify installation of a "standard" non-boot MGR DOS
286 to indicate that no change to the boot manager is desired.
289 If set, bring up the interactive disk partition editor.
292 Note: Nothing is actually written to disk by this function, a explicit call to
293 .Ar diskPartitionWrite
294 being required for that to happen.
295 .It diskPartitionWrite
296 Causes any pending MBR changes (typically from the
297 .Ar diskPartitionEditor
298 function) to be written out.
303 Invokes the disk label editor. This is a bit trickier from a script
304 since you need to essentially label everything inside each
306 (type 0xA5) partition created by the
307 .Ar diskPartitionEditor
308 function, and that requires knowing a few rules about how things are
309 laid out. When creating a script to automatically allocate disk space
310 and partition it up, it is suggested that you first perform the
311 installation interactively at least once and take careful notes as to
312 what the slice names will be, then and only then hardwiring them into
315 For example, let's say you have a SCSI disk on which you've created a new
317 partition in slice 2 (your DOS partition residing in slice 1).
318 The slice name would be
324 being your DOS primary
325 partition). Now let's further assume that you have 500MB in this
326 partition and you want to sub-partition that space into root, swap,
327 var and usr file systems for
329 Your invocation of the
331 function might involve setting the following variables:
332 .Bl -tag -width findx
333 .It Li "da0s2-1=ufs 40960 /"
334 A 20MB root file system (all sizes are in 512 byte blocks).
335 .It Li "da0s2-2=swap 131072 /"
336 A 64MB swap partition.
337 .It Li "da0s2-3=ufs 204800 /var"
338 A 100MB /var file system.
339 .It Li "da0s2-4=ufs 0 /usr 1"
340 With the balance of free space (around 316MB) going to the /usr
341 file system and with soft-updates enabled (the argument following
342 the mount point, if non-zero, means to set the soft updates flag).
347 for mounting or erasing existing partitions as well as creating new
348 ones. Using the previous example again, let's say that we also wanted
349 to mount our DOS partition and make sure that an
351 entry is created for it in the new installation. Before calling the
353 function, we simply add an additional line:
357 before the call. This tells the label editor that you want to mount
360 and not to attempt to newfs it (not that
362 would attempt this for a DOS partition in any case, but it could just
363 as easily be an existing UFS partition being named here and the 2nd
364 field is non-optional).
368 variable to request that the disk label editor use an interactive dialog
369 to partition the disk instead of using variables to explicitly layout the
370 disk as described above.
372 Note: No file system data is actually written to disk until an
377 Writes out all pending disklabel information and creates and/or mounts any
378 file systems which have requests pending from the
385 Resets all selected distributions to the empty set (no distributions selected).
390 Allows the selection of a custom distribution set (e.g. not just on of the
391 existing "canned" sets) with no user interaction.
394 .Bl -tag -width indent
396 List of distributions to load. Possible distribution values are:
397 .Bl -tag -width indentxx
399 The base binary distribution.
401 Miscellaneous documentation
405 Manual pages (unformatted)
407 Pre-formatted manual pages
409 Profiled libraries for developers.
411 Dictionary information (for tools like spell).
413 GNU info files and other extra docs.
415 Encryption binaries and libraries.
430 a.out binary compatibility
446 The ports collection.
454 /usr/src/[top level files]
484 /usr/src/usr.sbin/sendmail/cf
486 XFree86 official sources.
488 XFree86 contributed sources.
492 XFree86 configuration files.
494 XFree86 documentation.
496 XFree86 HTML documentation.
500 XFree86 server link-kit for PC98 machines.
502 XFree86 server link-kit for standard machines.
504 XFree86 manual pages.
506 XFree86 programmer's distribution.
508 XFree86 postscript documentation.
510 XFree86 graphical setup tool.
511 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9480
512 XFree86 PC98 8-bit (256 color) PEGC-480 server.
513 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9EGC
514 XFree86 PC98 4-bit (16 color) EGC server.
515 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9GA9
516 XFree86 PC98 GA-968V4/PCI (S3 968) server.
517 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9GAN
518 XFree86 PC98 GANB-WAP (cirrus) server.
519 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9LPW
520 XFree86 PC98 PowerWindowLB (S3) server.
521 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9MGA
522 [DESCRIPTION MISSING]
523 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9NKV
524 XFree86 PC98 NKV-NEC (cirrus) server.
525 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9NS3
526 XFree86 PC98 NEC (S3) server.
527 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9SPW
528 XFree86 PC98 SKB-PowerWindow (S3) server.
529 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9SVG
530 [DESCRIPTION MISSING]
531 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9TGU
532 XFree86 PC98 Cyber9320 and TGUI9680 server.
533 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WEP
534 XFree86 PC98 WAB-EP (cirrus) server.
535 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WS
536 XFree86 PC98 WABS (cirrus) server.
537 .It Li PC98-Servers/X9WSN
538 XFree86 PC98 WSN-A2F (cirrus) server.
540 XFree86 3D Labs server.
544 XFree86 8 bit AGX server.
546 XFree86 #9 Imagine I128 server.
548 XFree86 ATI Mach8 server.
550 XFree86 ATI Mach32 server.
552 XFree86 ATI Mach64 server.
554 XFree86 monochrome server.
556 XFree86 P9000 server.
560 XFree86 S3 Virge server.
564 XFree86 VGA16 server.
566 XFree86 ET4000/W32, /W32i and /W32p server.
568 Server for TGA cards (alpha architecture only).
570 XFree86 nested X server.
572 XFree86 virtual frame-buffer X server.
574 XFree86 base font set.
576 XFree86 100DPI font set.
578 XFree86 Cyrillic font set.
580 XFree86 scalable font set.
582 XFree86 non-english font set.
588 Selects the standard Developer's distribution set.
592 .It distSetXDeveloper
593 Selects the standard X Developer's distribution set.
597 .It distSetKernDeveloper
598 Selects the standard kernel Developer's distribution set.
603 Selects the standard user distribution set.
608 Selects the standard X user's distribution set.
613 Selects the very minimum distribution set.
617 .It distSetEverything
618 Selects the full whack - all available distributions.
623 Interactively select encryption subcomponents.
628 Interactively select source subcomponents.
633 Interactively select XFree86 subcomponents.
638 Install all currently selected distributions (requires that
639 media device also be selected).
644 Install (if necessary) an HTML documentation browser and go to the
645 HTML documentation submenu.
648 .Bl -tag -width indent
650 The name of the browser package to try and install as necessary.
651 Defaults to latest links package.
653 The name of the browser binary itself (if overriding the
655 variable). Defaults to links.
658 Commit any and all pending changes to disk. This function
659 is essentially shorthand for a number of more granular "commit"
665 Start an "express" installation, asking few questions of
671 Start a "standard" installation, the most user-friendly
672 installation type available.
677 Start an upgrade installation.
681 .It installFixitHoloShell
682 Start up the "emergency holographic shell" over on VTY4
683 if running as init. This will also happen automatically
684 as part of the installation process unless
690 .It installFixitCDROM
691 Go into "fixit" mode, assuming a live file system CDROM
692 currently in the drive.
696 .It installFixitFloppy
697 Go into "fixit" mode, assuming an available fixit floppy
698 disk (user will be prompted for it).
702 .It installFilesystems
703 Do just the file system initialization part of an install.
707 .It installVarDefaults
708 Initialize all variables to their defaults, overriding any
714 Sort of like an #include statement, it allows you to load one
715 configuration file from another.
718 .Bl -tag -width indent
720 The fully qualified pathname of the file to load.
723 If a media device is open, close it.
730 CDROM as the installation media.
735 Select a pre-made floppy installation set as the installation media.
740 Select an existing DOS primary partition as the installation media.
741 The first primary partition found is used (e.g. C:).
746 Select a tape device as the installation media.
751 Select an FTP site as the installation media.
754 .Bl -tag -width indent
756 The name of the host being installed (non-optional).
758 The domain name of the host being installed (optional).
760 The default router for this host (non-optional).
762 Which host interface to use
766 for example. Non-optional).
768 If set, bring up the interactive network setup form even
769 if all relevant configuration variables are already set (optional).
771 The IP address for the selected host interface (non-optional).
773 The netmask for the selected host interface (non-optional).
775 The fully qualified URL of the FTP site containing the
777 distribution you're interested in, e.g.\&
778 .Ar ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ .
780 .It mediaSetFTPActive
783 using "active" FTP transfer mode.
788 .It mediaSetFTPPassive
791 using "passive" FTP transfer mode.
805 .Bl -tag -width indent
807 The proxy to use (host:port) (non-optional).
810 Select an existing UFS partition (mounted with the label editor) as
811 the installation media.
814 .Bl -tag -width indent
816 full /path to directory containing the
824 .Bl -tag -width indent
826 The name of the host being installed (non-optional).
828 The domain name of the host being installed (optional).
830 The default router for this host (non-optional).
832 Which host interface to use
836 for example. Non-optional).
838 If set, bring up the interactive network setup form even
839 if all relevant configuration variables are already set (optional).
841 The IP address for the selected host interface (non-optional).
843 The netmask for the selected host interface (non-optional).
845 full hostname:/path specification for directory containing
848 distribution you're interested in.
850 .It mediaSetFTPUserPass
853 .Bl -tag -width indent
855 The username to log in as on the ftp server site.
858 The password to use for this username on the ftp
862 .It mediaSetCPIOVerbosity
865 .Bl -tag -width indent
867 Can be used to set the verbosity of cpio extractions to low, medium or
871 Interactively get the user to specify some type of media.
876 Invoke the interactive options editor.
881 Try to fetch and add a package to the system (requires
882 that a media type be set),
885 .Bl -tag -width indent
887 The name of the package to add, e.g. bash-1.14.7 or ncftp-2.4.2.
890 Invoke the interactive group editor.
895 Invoke the interactive user editor.
900 Stop the script and terminate sysinstall.
905 Execute an arbitrary command with
909 .Bl -tag -width indent
911 The name of the command to execute. When running
912 from a boot floppy, very minimal expectations should
913 be made as to what's available until/unless a relatively
914 full system installation has just been done.
917 Configure a network device.
926 .Sh DISTRIBUTION MEDIA
927 The following files can be used to affect the operation of
929 when used during initial system installation.
930 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa packages/INDEX"
932 A text file of properties, listed one per line, that describe the
933 contents of the media in use.
934 The syntax for each line is simply
935 .Dq Ar property No = Ar value .
936 Currently, only the following properties are recognized.
937 .Bl -tag -width ".Va CD_MACHINE_ARCH"
939 This property should be set to the
941 version on the current
944 .Dq Li "CD_VERSION = 4.6" .
945 .It Va CD_MACHINE_ARCH
946 This property should be set to the architecture of the contents on
948 This property is normally only used with
950 products that contain
951 CDs for different architectures, to provide better error messages if
952 users try to install Alpha packages on an i386 machine.
954 .Dq Li "CD_MACHINE_ARCH = alpha" .
956 In a multi-volume collection (such as the
960 file on each disc should contain the full package index for the set.
961 The last field of the
963 file denotes which volume the package
966 property here defines the volume ID of the current disc.
968 .It Pa packages/INDEX
969 The package index file.
970 Each package is listed on a separate line with additional meta-data
971 such as the required dependencies.
972 This index is generated by
977 When multi-volume support is enabled, an additional field should be
978 added to each line indicating which media volume contains the given
982 For information about building a full release of
987 This utility may edit the contents of
992 as necessary to reflect changes in the network configuration.
994 If you have a reasonably complete source tree online, take
996 .Pa /usr/src/usr.sbin/sysinstall/install.cfg
997 for a sample installation script.
999 This utility is a prototype which lasted several years past
1000 its expiration date and is greatly in need of death.
1002 .An Jordan K. Hubbard Aq jkh@FreeBSD.org