1 /* $KAME: traceroute6.c,v 1.68 2004/01/25 11:16:12 suz Exp $ */
4 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
6 * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
9 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17 * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
18 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19 * without specific prior written permission.
21 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
35 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
36 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
38 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
41 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
42 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
45 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
46 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
47 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
48 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
49 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
50 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
51 * without specific prior written permission.
53 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
54 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
55 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
56 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
57 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
58 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
59 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
60 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
61 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
62 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
67 static const char copyright[] =
68 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1993\n\
69 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n";
74 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)traceroute.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
76 static const char rcsid[] =
81 * traceroute host - trace the route ip packets follow going to "host".
83 * Attempt to trace the route an ip packet would follow to some
84 * internet host. We find out intermediate hops by launching probe
85 * packets with a small ttl (time to live) then listening for an
86 * icmp "time exceeded" reply from a gateway. We start our probes
87 * with a ttl of one and increase by one until we get an icmp "port
88 * unreachable" (which means we got to "host") or hit a max (which
89 * defaults to 30 hops & can be changed with the -m flag). Three
90 * probes (change with -q flag) are sent at each ttl setting and a
91 * line is printed showing the ttl, address of the gateway and
92 * round trip time of each probe. If the probe answers come from
93 * different gateways, the address of each responding system will
94 * be printed. If there is no response within a 5 sec. timeout
95 * interval (changed with the -w flag), a "*" is printed for that
98 * Probe packets are UDP format. We don't want the destination
99 * host to process them so the destination port is set to an
100 * unlikely value (if some clod on the destination is using that
101 * value, it can be changed with the -p flag).
103 * A sample use might be:
105 * [yak 71]% traceroute nis.nsf.net.
106 * traceroute to nis.nsf.net (35.1.1.48), 30 hops max, 56 byte packet
107 * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 19 ms 19 ms 0 ms
108 * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
109 * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 39 ms 19 ms
110 * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 39 ms
111 * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
112 * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 40 ms 59 ms 59 ms
113 * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 59 ms
114 * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 99 ms 99 ms 80 ms
115 * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 239 ms 319 ms
116 * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 220 ms 199 ms 199 ms
117 * 11 nic.merit.edu (35.1.1.48) 239 ms 239 ms 239 ms
119 * Note that lines 2 & 3 are the same. This is due to a buggy
120 * kernel on the 2nd hop system -- lbl-csam.arpa -- that forwards
121 * packets with a zero ttl.
123 * A more interesting example is:
125 * [yak 72]% traceroute allspice.lcs.mit.edu.
126 * traceroute to allspice.lcs.mit.edu (18.26.0.115), 30 hops max
127 * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
128 * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 19 ms 19 ms
129 * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 19 ms
130 * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 19 ms 39 ms 39 ms
131 * 5 ccn-nerif22.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.22) 20 ms 39 ms 39 ms
132 * 6 128.32.197.4 (128.32.197.4) 59 ms 119 ms 39 ms
133 * 7 131.119.2.5 (131.119.2.5) 59 ms 59 ms 39 ms
134 * 8 129.140.70.13 (129.140.70.13) 80 ms 79 ms 99 ms
135 * 9 129.140.71.6 (129.140.71.6) 139 ms 139 ms 159 ms
136 * 10 129.140.81.7 (129.140.81.7) 199 ms 180 ms 300 ms
137 * 11 129.140.72.17 (129.140.72.17) 300 ms 239 ms 239 ms
139 * 13 128.121.54.72 (128.121.54.72) 259 ms 499 ms 279 ms
144 * 18 ALLSPICE.LCS.MIT.EDU (18.26.0.115) 339 ms 279 ms 279 ms
146 * (I start to see why I'm having so much trouble with mail to
147 * MIT.) Note that the gateways 12, 14, 15, 16 & 17 hops away
148 * either don't send ICMP "time exceeded" messages or send them
149 * with a ttl too small to reach us. 14 - 17 are running the
150 * MIT C Gateway code that doesn't send "time exceeded"s. God
151 * only knows what's going on with 12.
153 * The silent gateway 12 in the above may be the result of a bug in
154 * the 4.[23]BSD network code (and its derivatives): 4.x (x <= 3)
155 * sends an unreachable message using whatever ttl remains in the
156 * original datagram. Since, for gateways, the remaining ttl is
157 * zero, the icmp "time exceeded" is guaranteed to not make it back
158 * to us. The behavior of this bug is slightly more interesting
159 * when it appears on the destination system:
161 * 1 helios.ee.lbl.gov (128.3.112.1) 0 ms 0 ms 0 ms
162 * 2 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 39 ms 19 ms 39 ms
163 * 3 lilac-dmc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.216.1) 19 ms 39 ms 19 ms
164 * 4 ccngw-ner-cc.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.136.23) 39 ms 40 ms 19 ms
165 * 5 ccn-nerif35.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.168.35) 39 ms 39 ms 39 ms
166 * 6 csgw.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.133.254) 39 ms 59 ms 39 ms
173 * 13 rip.Berkeley.EDU (128.32.131.22) 59 ms ! 39 ms ! 39 ms !
175 * Notice that there are 12 "gateways" (13 is the final
176 * destination) and exactly the last half of them are "missing".
177 * What's really happening is that rip (a Sun-3 running Sun OS3.5)
178 * is using the ttl from our arriving datagram as the ttl in its
179 * icmp reply. So, the reply will time out on the return path
180 * (with no notice sent to anyone since icmp's aren't sent for
181 * icmp's) until we probe with a ttl that's at least twice the path
182 * length. I.e., rip is really only 7 hops away. A reply that
183 * returns with a ttl of 1 is a clue this problem exists.
184 * Traceroute prints a "!" after the time if the ttl is <= 1.
185 * Since vendors ship a lot of obsolete (DEC's Ultrix, Sun 3.x) or
186 * non-standard (HPUX) software, expect to see this problem
187 * frequently and/or take care picking the target host of your
190 * Other possible annotations after the time are !H, !N, !P (got a host,
191 * network or protocol unreachable, respectively), !S or !F (source
192 * route failed or fragmentation needed -- neither of these should
193 * ever occur and the associated gateway is busted if you see one). If
194 * almost all the probes result in some kind of unreachable, traceroute
195 * will give up and exit.
199 * This program must be run by root or be setuid. (I suggest that
200 * you *don't* make it setuid -- casual use could result in a lot
201 * of unnecessary traffic on our poor, congested nets.)
203 * This program requires a kernel mod that does not appear in any
204 * system available from Berkeley: A raw ip socket using proto
205 * IPPROTO_RAW must interpret the data sent as an ip datagram (as
206 * opposed to data to be wrapped in an ip datagram). See the README
207 * file that came with the source to this program for a description
208 * of the mods I made to /sys/netinet/raw_ip.c. Your mileage may
209 * vary. But, again, ANY 4.x (x < 4) BSD KERNEL WILL HAVE TO BE
210 * MODIFIED TO RUN THIS PROGRAM.
212 * The udp port usage may appear bizarre (well, ok, it is bizarre).
213 * The problem is that an icmp message only contains 8 bytes of
214 * data from the original datagram. 8 bytes is the size of a udp
215 * header so, if we want to associate replies with the original
216 * datagram, the necessary information must be encoded into the
217 * udp header (the ip id could be used but there's no way to
218 * interlock with the kernel's assignment of ip id's and, anyway,
219 * it would have taken a lot more kernel hacking to allow this
220 * code to set the ip id). So, to allow two or more users to
221 * use traceroute simultaneously, we use this task's pid as the
222 * source port (the high bit is set to move the port number out
223 * of the "likely" range). To keep track of which probe is being
224 * replied to (so times and/or hop counts don't get confused by a
225 * reply that was delayed in transit), we increment the destination
226 * port number before each probe.
228 * Don't use this as a coding example. I was trying to find a
229 * routing problem and this code sort-of popped out after 48 hours
230 * without sleep. I was amazed it ever compiled, much less ran.
232 * I stole the idea for this program from Steve Deering. Since
233 * the first release, I've learned that had I attended the right
234 * IETF working group meetings, I also could have stolen it from Guy
235 * Almes or Matt Mathis. I don't know (or care) who came up with
236 * the idea first. I envy the originators' perspicacity and I'm
237 * glad they didn't keep the idea a secret.
239 * Tim Seaver, Ken Adelman and C. Philip Wood provided bug fixes and/or
240 * enhancements to the original distribution.
242 * I've hacked up a round-trip-route version of this that works by
243 * sending a loose-source-routed udp datagram through the destination
244 * back to yourself. Unfortunately, SO many gateways botch source
245 * routing, the thing is almost worthless. Maybe one day...
247 * -- Van Jacobson (van@helios.ee.lbl.gov)
248 * Tue Dec 20 03:50:13 PST 1988
251 #include <sys/param.h>
252 #include <sys/capsicum.h>
253 #include <sys/time.h>
254 #include <sys/socket.h>
256 #include <sys/file.h>
257 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
258 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
260 #include <netinet/in.h>
262 #include <arpa/inet.h>
264 #include <libcasper.h>
265 #include <casper/cap_dns.h>
266 #include <capsicum_helpers.h>
279 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
280 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
281 #include <netinet/sctp.h>
282 #include <netinet/sctp_header.h>
283 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
284 #include <netinet/udp.h>
287 #include <net/route.h>
288 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
293 #define DUMMY_PORT 10010
295 #define MAXPACKET 65535 /* max ip packet size */
297 static u_char packet[512]; /* last inbound (icmp) packet */
298 static char *outpacket; /* last output packet */
300 int main(int, char *[]);
301 int wait_for_reply(int, struct msghdr *);
302 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
303 int setpolicy(int so, char *policy);
305 void send_probe(int, u_long);
306 void *get_uphdr(struct ip6_hdr *, u_char *);
307 void capdns_open(void);
308 int get_hoplim(struct msghdr *);
309 double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);
310 const char *pr_type(int);
311 int packet_ok(struct msghdr *, int, int, u_char *, u_char *);
312 void print(struct msghdr *, int);
313 const char *inetname(struct sockaddr *);
314 u_int32_t sctp_crc32c(void *, u_int32_t);
315 u_int16_t in_cksum(u_int16_t *addr, int);
316 u_int16_t udp_cksum(struct sockaddr_in6 *, struct sockaddr_in6 *,
318 u_int16_t tcp_chksum(struct sockaddr_in6 *, struct sockaddr_in6 *,
322 static int rcvsock; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */
323 static int sndsock; /* send (raw/udp) socket file descriptor */
325 static struct msghdr rcvmhdr;
326 static struct iovec rcviov[2];
328 static struct in6_pktinfo *rcvpktinfo;
330 static struct sockaddr_in6 Src, Dst, Rcv;
331 static u_long datalen = 20; /* How much data */
332 #define ICMP6ECHOLEN 8
333 /* XXX: 2064 = 127(max hops in type 0 rthdr) * sizeof(ip6_hdr) + 16(margin) */
334 static char rtbuf[2064];
335 static struct ip6_rthdr *rth;
336 static struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
338 static char *source = NULL;
339 static char *hostname;
341 static cap_channel_t *capdns;
343 static u_long nprobes = 3;
344 static u_long first_hop = 1;
345 static u_long max_hops = 30;
346 static u_int16_t srcport;
347 static u_int16_t port = 32768+666; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */
348 static u_int16_t ident;
349 static int options; /* socket options */
351 static int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */
352 static int nflag; /* print addresses numerically */
353 static int useproto = IPPROTO_UDP; /* protocol to use to send packet */
354 static int lflag; /* print both numerical address & hostname */
355 static int as_path; /* print as numbers for each hop */
356 static char *as_server = NULL;
360 main(int argc, char *argv[])
362 int mib[4] = { CTL_NET, PF_INET6, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6CTL_DEFHLIM };
363 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST], src0[NI_MAXHOST], *ep;
364 int ch, i, on = 1, seq, rcvcmsglen, error;
365 struct addrinfo hints, *res;
366 static u_char *rcvcmsgbuf;
367 u_long probe, hops, lport;
372 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
373 char ipsec_inpolicy[] = "in bypass";
374 char ipsec_outpolicy[] = "out bypass";
383 if ((rcvsock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMPV6)) < 0) {
384 perror("socket(ICMPv6)");
389 (void) sysctl(mib, sizeof(mib)/sizeof(mib[0]), &i, &size, NULL, 0);
392 /* specify to tell receiving interface */
393 #ifdef IPV6_RECVPKTINFO
394 if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, &on,
396 err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVPKTINFO)");
397 #else /* old adv. API */
398 if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_PKTINFO, &on,
400 err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_PKTINFO)");
403 /* specify to tell value of hoplimit field of received IP6 hdr */
404 #ifdef IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT
405 if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, &on,
407 err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)");
408 #else /* old adv. API */
409 if (setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT, &on,
411 err(1, "setsockopt(IPV6_HOPLIMIT)");
415 ident = htons(getpid() & 0xffff); /* same as ping6 */
417 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "aA:df:g:Ilm:nNp:q:rs:STUvw:")) != -1)
432 first_hop = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
433 if (errno || !*optarg || *ep || first_hop > 255) {
435 "traceroute6: invalid min hoplimit.\n");
440 /* XXX use after capability mode is entered */
441 hp = getipnodebyname(optarg, AF_INET6, 0, &h_errno);
444 "traceroute6: unknown host %s\n", optarg);
449 * XXX: We can't detect the number of
450 * intermediate nodes yet.
452 if ((rth = inet6_rth_init((void *)rtbuf,
453 sizeof(rtbuf), IPV6_RTHDR_TYPE_0,
456 "inet6_rth_init failed.\n");
460 if (inet6_rth_add((void *)rth,
461 (struct in6_addr *)hp->h_addr)) {
463 "inet6_rth_add failed for %s\n",
470 useproto = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
478 max_hops = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
479 if (errno || !*optarg || *ep || max_hops > 255) {
481 "traceroute6: invalid max hoplimit.\n");
489 useproto = IPPROTO_NONE;
494 lport = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
495 if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
496 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: invalid port.\n");
499 if (lport == 0 || lport != (lport & 0xffff)) {
501 "traceroute6: port out of range.\n");
504 port = lport & 0xffff;
509 nprobes = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
510 if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
512 "traceroute6: invalid nprobes.\n");
517 "traceroute6: nprobes must be >0.\n");
522 options |= SO_DONTROUTE;
526 * set the ip source address of the outbound
527 * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host).
532 useproto = IPPROTO_SCTP;
535 useproto = IPPROTO_TCP;
538 useproto = IPPROTO_UDP;
546 waittime = strtoul(optarg, &ep, 0);
547 if (errno || !*optarg || *ep) {
549 "traceroute6: invalid wait time.\n");
554 "traceroute6: wait must be >= 1 sec.\n");
565 * Open socket to send probe packets.
575 if ((sndsock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_RAW, useproto)) < 0) {
576 perror("socket(SOCK_RAW)");
581 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: unknown probe protocol %d\n",
585 if (max_hops < first_hop) {
587 "traceroute6: max hoplimit must be larger than first hoplimit.\n");
593 if (setresuid(uid, uid, uid) == -1) {
599 if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
603 setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ);
608 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
609 hints.ai_family = PF_INET6;
610 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
611 hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
612 hints.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
614 error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, *argv, NULL, &hints, &res);
618 "traceroute6: %s\n", gai_strerror(error));
621 if (res->ai_addrlen != sizeof(Dst)) {
623 "traceroute6: size of sockaddr mismatch\n");
626 memcpy(&Dst, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
627 hostname = res->ai_canonname ? strdup(res->ai_canonname) : *argv;
629 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: not enough core\n");
633 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen, hbuf,
634 sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
635 strlcpy(hbuf, "?", sizeof(hbuf));
636 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: Warning: %s has multiple "
637 "addresses; using %s\n", hostname, hbuf);
643 datalen = strtoul(*argv, &ep, 0);
646 "traceroute6: invalid packet length.\n");
652 minlen = ICMP6ECHOLEN;
655 minlen = sizeof(struct udphdr);
662 minlen = sizeof(struct sctphdr);
665 minlen = sizeof(struct tcphdr);
668 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: unknown probe protocol %d.\n",
672 if (datalen < minlen)
674 else if (datalen >= MAXPACKET) {
676 "traceroute6: packet size must be %zu <= s < %d.\n",
680 if (useproto == IPPROTO_UDP)
681 datalen -= sizeof(struct udphdr);
682 if ((useproto == IPPROTO_SCTP) && (datalen & 3)) {
684 "traceroute6: packet size must be a multiple of 4.\n");
687 outpacket = malloc(datalen);
692 (void) bzero((char *)outpacket, datalen);
694 /* initialize msghdr for receiving packets */
695 rcviov[0].iov_base = (caddr_t)packet;
696 rcviov[0].iov_len = sizeof(packet);
697 rcvmhdr.msg_name = (caddr_t)&Rcv;
698 rcvmhdr.msg_namelen = sizeof(Rcv);
699 rcvmhdr.msg_iov = rcviov;
700 rcvmhdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
701 rcvcmsglen = CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo)) +
702 CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int));
703 if ((rcvcmsgbuf = malloc(rcvcmsglen)) == NULL) {
704 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6: malloc failed\n");
707 rcvmhdr.msg_control = (caddr_t) rcvcmsgbuf;
708 rcvmhdr.msg_controllen = rcvcmsglen;
710 if (options & SO_DEBUG)
711 (void) setsockopt(rcvsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
712 (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
713 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
714 (void) setsockopt(rcvsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE,
715 (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
716 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
718 * do not raise error even if setsockopt fails, kernel may have ipsec
721 if (setpolicy(rcvsock, ipsec_inpolicy) < 0)
722 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
723 if (setpolicy(rcvsock, ipsec_outpolicy) < 0)
724 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
727 int level = IPSEC_LEVEL_NONE;
729 (void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
731 (void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
733 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
734 (void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
737 (void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL, &level,
740 #ifdef IP_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL
741 (void)setsockopt(rcvsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
745 #endif /* !(IPSEC && IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */
751 if (setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&i,
753 perror("setsockopt(SO_SNDBUF)");
756 #endif /* SO_SNDBUF */
757 if (options & SO_DEBUG)
758 (void) setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG,
759 (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
760 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE)
761 (void) setsockopt(sndsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE,
762 (char *)&on, sizeof(on));
763 if (rth) {/* XXX: there is no library to finalize the header... */
764 rth->ip6r_len = rth->ip6r_segleft * 2;
765 if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RTHDR,
766 (void *)rth, (rth->ip6r_len + 1) << 3)) {
767 fprintf(stderr, "setsockopt(IPV6_RTHDR): %s\n",
772 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
774 * do not raise error even if setsockopt fails, kernel may have ipsec
777 if (setpolicy(sndsock, ipsec_inpolicy) < 0)
778 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
779 if (setpolicy(sndsock, ipsec_outpolicy) < 0)
780 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror());
783 int level = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS;
785 (void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
787 (void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_ESP_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
789 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL
790 (void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, &level,
793 (void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_LEVEL, &level,
796 #ifdef IP_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL
797 (void)setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_AUTH_NETWORK_LEVEL, &level,
801 #endif /* !(IPSEC && IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC) */
806 bzero(&Src, sizeof(Src));
808 memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
809 hints.ai_family = AF_INET6;
810 hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM; /*dummy*/
811 hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
812 error = cap_getaddrinfo(capdns, source, "0", &hints, &res);
814 printf("traceroute6: %s: %s\n", source,
815 gai_strerror(error));
818 if (res->ai_addrlen > sizeof(Src)) {
819 printf("traceroute6: %s: %s\n", source,
820 gai_strerror(error));
823 memcpy(&Src, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen);
826 struct sockaddr_in6 Nxt;
831 Nxt.sin6_port = htons(DUMMY_PORT);
833 bcopy(inet6_rthdr_getaddr(cmsg, 1), &Nxt.sin6_addr,
834 sizeof(Nxt.sin6_addr));
835 if ((dummy = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
839 if (connect(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&Nxt, Nxt.sin6_len) < 0) {
844 if (getsockname(dummy, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, &len) < 0) {
845 perror("getsockname");
848 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, Src.sin6_len,
849 src0, sizeof(src0), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST)) {
850 fprintf(stderr, "getnameinfo failed for source\n");
857 Src.sin6_port = htons(0);
858 if (bind(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, Src.sin6_len) < 0) {
867 if (getsockname(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&Src, &len) < 0) {
868 perror("getsockname");
871 srcport = ntohs(Src.sin6_port);
875 asn = as_setup(as_server);
878 "traceroute6: as_setup failed, AS# lookups"
880 (void)fflush(stderr);
888 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)&Dst, Dst.sin6_len, hbuf,
889 sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST))
890 strlcpy(hbuf, "(invalid)", sizeof(hbuf));
891 fprintf(stderr, "traceroute6");
892 fprintf(stderr, " to %s (%s)", hostname, hbuf);
894 fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source);
895 fprintf(stderr, ", %lu hops max, %lu byte packets\n",
897 datalen + ((useproto == IPPROTO_UDP) ? sizeof(struct udphdr) : 0));
898 (void) fflush(stderr);
901 printf("Skipping %lu intermediate hops\n", first_hop - 1);
903 if (connect(sndsock, (struct sockaddr *)&Dst,
905 fprintf(stderr, "connect: %s\n", strerror(errno));
910 * Here we enter capability mode. Further down access to global
911 * namespaces (e.g filesystem) is restricted (see capsicum(4)).
912 * We must connect(2) our socket before this point.
915 if (caph_enter_casper() < 0) {
916 fprintf(stderr, "caph_enter_casper: %s\n", strerror(errno));
920 cap_rights_init(&rights, CAP_SEND, CAP_SETSOCKOPT);
921 if (caph_rights_limit(sndsock, &rights) < 0) {
922 fprintf(stderr, "caph_rights_limit sndsock: %s\n",
930 for (hops = first_hop; hops <= max_hops; ++hops) {
931 struct in6_addr lastaddr;
933 unsigned unreachable = 0;
935 printf("%2lu ", hops);
936 bzero(&lastaddr, sizeof(lastaddr));
937 for (probe = 0; probe < nprobes; ++probe) {
939 struct timeval t1, t2;
941 (void) gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
942 send_probe(++seq, hops);
943 while ((cc = wait_for_reply(rcvsock, &rcvmhdr))) {
944 (void) gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
945 if (packet_ok(&rcvmhdr, cc, seq, &type, &code)) {
946 if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&Rcv.sin6_addr,
949 fputs("\n ", stdout);
951 lastaddr = Rcv.sin6_addr;
953 printf(" %.3f ms", deltaT(&t1, &t2));
954 if (type == ICMP6_DST_UNREACH) {
956 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOROUTE:
960 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADMIN:
964 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOTNEIGHBOR:
968 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_ADDR:
972 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH_NOPORT:
979 } else if (type == ICMP6_PARAM_PROB &&
980 code == ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER) {
983 } else if (type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY) {
990 } else if (deltaT(&t1, &t2) > waittime * 1000) {
997 (void) fflush(stdout);
1001 (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= ((nprobes + 1) / 2))) {
1012 wait_for_reply(int sock, struct msghdr *mhdr)
1015 struct pollfd pfd[1];
1019 pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
1022 if (poll(pfd, 1, waittime * 1000) > 0)
1023 cc = recvmsg(rcvsock, mhdr, 0);
1028 struct timeval wait;
1031 fdsn = howmany(sock + 1, NFDBITS) * sizeof(fd_mask);
1032 if ((fdsp = (fd_set *)malloc(fdsn)) == NULL)
1034 memset(fdsp, 0, fdsn);
1036 wait.tv_sec = waittime; wait.tv_usec = 0;
1038 if (select(sock+1, fdsp, (fd_set *)0, (fd_set *)0, &wait) > 0)
1039 cc = recvmsg(rcvsock, mhdr, 0);
1046 #if defined(IPSEC) && defined(IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC)
1048 setpolicy(int so, char *policy)
1052 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy, strlen(policy));
1054 warnx("%s", ipsec_strerror());
1057 (void)setsockopt(so, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_IPSEC_POLICY,
1058 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf));
1067 send_probe(int seq, u_long hops)
1069 struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1070 struct sctphdr *sctp;
1071 struct udphdr *outudp;
1072 struct sctp_chunkhdr *chk;
1073 struct sctp_init_chunk *init;
1074 struct sctp_paramhdr *param;
1079 if (setsockopt(sndsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
1080 (char *)&i, sizeof(i)) < 0) {
1081 perror("setsockopt IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS");
1084 Dst.sin6_port = htons(port + seq);
1087 case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
1088 icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)outpacket;
1090 icp->icmp6_type = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
1091 icp->icmp6_code = 0;
1092 icp->icmp6_cksum = 0;
1093 icp->icmp6_id = ident;
1094 icp->icmp6_seq = htons(seq);
1097 outudp = (struct udphdr *) outpacket;
1098 outudp->uh_sport = htons(ident);
1099 outudp->uh_dport = htons(port+seq);
1100 outudp->uh_ulen = htons(datalen);
1101 outudp->uh_sum = udp_cksum(&Src, &Dst, outpacket, datalen);
1104 /* No space for anything. No harm as seq/tv32 are decorative. */
1107 sctp = (struct sctphdr *)outpacket;
1109 sctp->src_port = htons(ident);
1110 sctp->dest_port = htons(port + seq);
1111 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1112 sizeof(struct sctp_init_chunk))) {
1115 sctp->v_tag = (sctp->src_port << 16) | sctp->dest_port;
1117 sctp->checksum = htonl(0);
1118 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1119 sizeof(struct sctp_init_chunk))) {
1121 * Send a packet containing an INIT chunk. This works
1122 * better in case of firewalls on the path, but
1123 * results in a probe packet containing at least
1124 * 32 bytes of payload. For shorter payloads, use
1125 * SHUTDOWN-ACK chunks.
1127 init = (struct sctp_init_chunk *)(sctp + 1);
1128 init->ch.chunk_type = SCTP_INITIATION;
1129 init->ch.chunk_flags = 0;
1130 init->ch.chunk_length = htons((u_int16_t)(datalen -
1131 sizeof(struct sctphdr)));
1132 init->init.initiate_tag = (sctp->src_port << 16) |
1134 init->init.a_rwnd = htonl(1500);
1135 init->init.num_outbound_streams = htons(1);
1136 init->init.num_inbound_streams = htons(1);
1137 init->init.initial_tsn = htonl(0);
1138 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1139 sizeof(struct sctp_init_chunk) +
1140 sizeof(struct sctp_paramhdr))) {
1141 param = (struct sctp_paramhdr *)(init + 1);
1142 param->param_type = htons(SCTP_PAD);
1143 param->param_length =
1144 htons((u_int16_t)(datalen -
1145 sizeof(struct sctphdr) -
1146 sizeof(struct sctp_init_chunk)));
1150 * Send a packet containing a SHUTDOWN-ACK chunk,
1151 * possibly followed by a PAD chunk.
1153 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1154 sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr))) {
1155 chk = (struct sctp_chunkhdr *)(sctp + 1);
1156 chk->chunk_type = SCTP_SHUTDOWN_ACK;
1157 chk->chunk_flags = 0;
1158 chk->chunk_length = htons(4);
1160 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1161 2 * sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr))) {
1163 chk->chunk_type = SCTP_PAD_CHUNK;
1164 chk->chunk_flags = 0;
1165 chk->chunk_length = htons((u_int16_t)(datalen -
1166 sizeof(struct sctphdr) -
1167 sizeof(struct sctp_chunkhdr)));
1170 sctp->checksum = sctp_crc32c(outpacket, datalen);
1173 tcp = (struct tcphdr *)outpacket;
1175 tcp->th_sport = htons(ident);
1176 tcp->th_dport = htons(port + seq);
1177 tcp->th_seq = (tcp->th_sport << 16) | tcp->th_dport;
1180 tcp->th_flags = TH_SYN;
1182 tcp->th_sum = tcp_chksum(&Src, &Dst, outpacket, datalen);
1185 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown probe protocol %d.\n", useproto);
1189 i = send(sndsock, (char *)outpacket, datalen, 0);
1190 if (i < 0 || (u_long)i != datalen) {
1193 printf("traceroute6: wrote %s %lu chars, ret=%d\n",
1194 hostname, datalen, i);
1195 (void) fflush(stdout);
1200 get_hoplim(struct msghdr *mhdr)
1204 for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
1205 cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
1206 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
1207 cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
1208 cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
1209 return (*(int *)CMSG_DATA(cm));
1216 deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p)
1220 dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 +
1221 (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0;
1226 * Convert an ICMP "type" field to a printable string.
1231 u_char t = t0 & 0xff;
1235 case ICMP6_DST_UNREACH:
1236 cp = "Destination Unreachable";
1238 case ICMP6_PACKET_TOO_BIG:
1239 cp = "Packet Too Big";
1241 case ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED:
1242 cp = "Time Exceeded";
1244 case ICMP6_PARAM_PROB:
1245 cp = "Parameter Problem";
1247 case ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST:
1248 cp = "Echo Request";
1250 case ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY:
1253 case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_QUERY:
1254 cp = "Group Membership Query";
1256 case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REPORT:
1257 cp = "Group Membership Report";
1259 case ICMP6_MEMBERSHIP_REDUCTION:
1260 cp = "Group Membership Reduction";
1262 case ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT:
1263 cp = "Router Solicitation";
1265 case ND_ROUTER_ADVERT:
1266 cp = "Router Advertisement";
1268 case ND_NEIGHBOR_SOLICIT:
1269 cp = "Neighbor Solicitation";
1271 case ND_NEIGHBOR_ADVERT:
1272 cp = "Neighbor Advertisement";
1285 packet_ok(struct msghdr *mhdr, int cc, int seq, u_char *type, u_char *code)
1287 struct icmp6_hdr *icp;
1288 struct sockaddr_in6 *from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)mhdr->msg_name;
1289 char *buf = (char *)mhdr->msg_iov[0].iov_base;
1292 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1300 ip = (struct ip6_hdr *) buf;
1301 hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1302 if (cc < hlen + sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
1304 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
1305 hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
1306 strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
1307 printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc,
1313 icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)(buf + hlen);
1315 if (cc < (int)sizeof(struct icmp6_hdr)) {
1317 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
1318 hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
1319 strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
1320 printf("data too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, hbuf);
1324 icp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)buf;
1326 /* get optional information via advanced API */
1329 for (cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_FIRSTHDR(mhdr); cm;
1330 cm = (struct cmsghdr *)CMSG_NXTHDR(mhdr, cm)) {
1331 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
1332 cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_PKTINFO &&
1334 CMSG_LEN(sizeof(struct in6_pktinfo)))
1335 rcvpktinfo = (struct in6_pktinfo *)(CMSG_DATA(cm));
1337 if (cm->cmsg_level == IPPROTO_IPV6 &&
1338 cm->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
1339 cm->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int)))
1340 hlimp = (int *)CMSG_DATA(cm);
1342 if (rcvpktinfo == NULL || hlimp == NULL) {
1343 warnx("failed to get received hop limit or packet info");
1347 rcvhlim = 0; /*XXX*/
1353 *type = icp->icmp6_type;
1354 *code = icp->icmp6_code;
1355 if ((*type == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEEDED &&
1356 *code == ICMP6_TIME_EXCEED_TRANSIT) ||
1357 (*type == ICMP6_DST_UNREACH) ||
1358 (*type == ICMP6_PARAM_PROB &&
1359 *code == ICMP6_PARAMPROB_NEXTHEADER)) {
1360 struct ip6_hdr *hip;
1361 struct icmp6_hdr *icmp;
1362 struct sctp_init_chunk *init;
1363 struct sctphdr *sctp;
1368 hip = (struct ip6_hdr *)(icp + 1);
1369 if ((up = get_uphdr(hip, (u_char *)(buf + cc))) == NULL) {
1371 warnx("failed to get upper layer header");
1375 case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
1376 icmp = (struct icmp6_hdr *)up;
1377 if (icmp->icmp6_id == ident &&
1378 icmp->icmp6_seq == htons(seq))
1382 udp = (struct udphdr *)up;
1383 if (udp->uh_sport == htons(ident) &&
1384 udp->uh_dport == htons(port + seq))
1388 sctp = (struct sctphdr *)up;
1389 if (sctp->src_port != htons(ident) ||
1390 sctp->dest_port != htons(port + seq)) {
1393 if (datalen >= (u_long)(sizeof(struct sctphdr) +
1394 sizeof(struct sctp_init_chunk))) {
1395 if (sctp->v_tag != 0) {
1398 init = (struct sctp_init_chunk *)(sctp + 1);
1399 /* Check the initiate tag, if available. */
1400 if ((char *)&init->init.a_rwnd > buf + cc) {
1403 if (init->init.initiate_tag == (u_int32_t)
1404 ((sctp->src_port << 16) | sctp->dest_port)) {
1409 (u_int32_t)((sctp->src_port << 16) |
1416 tcp = (struct tcphdr *)up;
1417 if (tcp->th_sport == htons(ident) &&
1418 tcp->th_dport == htons(port + seq) &&
1420 (tcp_seq)((tcp->th_sport << 16) | tcp->th_dport))
1426 fprintf(stderr, "Unknown probe proto %d.\n", useproto);
1429 } else if (useproto == IPPROTO_ICMPV6 && *type == ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY) {
1430 if (icp->icmp6_id == ident &&
1431 icp->icmp6_seq == htons(seq))
1435 char sbuf[NI_MAXHOST+1], dbuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
1439 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
1440 sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
1441 strlcpy(sbuf, "invalid", sizeof(sbuf));
1442 printf("\n%d bytes from %s to %s", cc, sbuf,
1443 rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
1444 dbuf, sizeof(dbuf)) : "?");
1445 printf(": icmp type %d (%s) code %d\n", *type, pr_type(*type),
1447 p = (u_int8_t *)(icp + 1);
1449 for (i = 0; i < cc; i++) {
1454 printf("%02x", p[i]);
1455 if (i % WIDTH == WIDTH - 1)
1458 if (cc % WIDTH != 0)
1465 * Increment pointer until find the UDP or ICMP header.
1468 get_uphdr(struct ip6_hdr *ip6, u_char *lim)
1470 u_char *cp = (u_char *)ip6, nh;
1472 static u_char none_hdr[1]; /* Fake pointer for IPPROTO_NONE. */
1474 if (cp + sizeof(*ip6) > lim)
1478 cp += sizeof(struct ip6_hdr);
1480 while (lim - cp >= (nh == IPPROTO_NONE ? 0 : 8)) {
1484 case IPPROTO_ICMPV6:
1485 return (useproto == nh ? cp : NULL);
1489 return (useproto == nh ? cp : NULL);
1491 return (useproto == nh ? none_hdr : NULL);
1492 case IPPROTO_FRAGMENT:
1493 hlen = sizeof(struct ip6_frag);
1494 nh = ((struct ip6_frag *)cp)->ip6f_nxt;
1497 hlen = (((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_len + 2) << 2;
1498 nh = ((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_nxt;
1501 hlen = (((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_len + 1) << 3;
1502 nh = ((struct ip6_ext *)cp)->ip6e_nxt;
1515 const char *types[] = { "NAME", "ADDR" };
1517 cap_channel_t *casper;
1519 casper = cap_init();
1521 errx(1, "unable to create casper process");
1522 capdns = cap_service_open(casper, "system.dns");
1524 errx(1, "unable to open system.dns service");
1525 if (cap_dns_type_limit(capdns, types, nitems(types)) < 0)
1526 errx(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1527 families[0] = AF_INET6;
1528 if (cap_dns_family_limit(capdns, families, nitems(families)) < 0)
1529 errx(1, "unable to limit access to system.dns service");
1534 print(struct msghdr *mhdr, int cc)
1536 struct sockaddr_in6 *from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)mhdr->msg_name;
1537 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST];
1539 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, (struct sockaddr *)from, from->sin6_len,
1540 hbuf, sizeof(hbuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
1541 strlcpy(hbuf, "invalid", sizeof(hbuf));
1543 printf(" [AS%u]", as_lookup(asn, hbuf, AF_INET6));
1545 printf(" %s", hbuf);
1547 printf(" %s (%s)", inetname((struct sockaddr *)from), hbuf);
1549 printf(" %s", inetname((struct sockaddr *)from));
1553 printf(" %d bytes to %s", cc,
1554 rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
1555 hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) : "?");
1557 printf(" %d bytes of data to %s", cc,
1558 rcvpktinfo ? inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &rcvpktinfo->ipi6_addr,
1559 hbuf, sizeof(hbuf)) : "?");
1565 * Construct an Internet address representation.
1566 * If the nflag has been supplied, give
1567 * numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name.
1570 inetname(struct sockaddr *sa)
1572 static char line[NI_MAXHOST], domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
1573 static int first = 1;
1576 if (first && !nflag) {
1578 if (gethostname(domain, sizeof(domain)) == 0 &&
1579 (cp = strchr(domain, '.')))
1580 (void) strlcpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof(domain));
1586 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, sa, sa->sa_len, line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0,
1587 NI_NAMEREQD) == 0) {
1588 if ((cp = strchr(line, '.')) &&
1589 !strcmp(cp + 1, domain))
1597 if (cap_getnameinfo(capdns, sa, sa->sa_len, line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0,
1598 NI_NUMERICHOST) != 0)
1599 strlcpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
1604 * CRC32C routine for the Stream Control Transmission Protocol
1607 #define CRC32C(c, d) (c = (c>>8) ^ crc_c[(c^(d))&0xFF])
1609 static u_int32_t crc_c[256] = {
1610 0x00000000, 0xF26B8303, 0xE13B70F7, 0x1350F3F4,
1611 0xC79A971F, 0x35F1141C, 0x26A1E7E8, 0xD4CA64EB,
1612 0x8AD958CF, 0x78B2DBCC, 0x6BE22838, 0x9989AB3B,
1613 0x4D43CFD0, 0xBF284CD3, 0xAC78BF27, 0x5E133C24,
1614 0x105EC76F, 0xE235446C, 0xF165B798, 0x030E349B,
1615 0xD7C45070, 0x25AFD373, 0x36FF2087, 0xC494A384,
1616 0x9A879FA0, 0x68EC1CA3, 0x7BBCEF57, 0x89D76C54,
1617 0x5D1D08BF, 0xAF768BBC, 0xBC267848, 0x4E4DFB4B,
1618 0x20BD8EDE, 0xD2D60DDD, 0xC186FE29, 0x33ED7D2A,
1619 0xE72719C1, 0x154C9AC2, 0x061C6936, 0xF477EA35,
1620 0xAA64D611, 0x580F5512, 0x4B5FA6E6, 0xB93425E5,
1621 0x6DFE410E, 0x9F95C20D, 0x8CC531F9, 0x7EAEB2FA,
1622 0x30E349B1, 0xC288CAB2, 0xD1D83946, 0x23B3BA45,
1623 0xF779DEAE, 0x05125DAD, 0x1642AE59, 0xE4292D5A,
1624 0xBA3A117E, 0x4851927D, 0x5B016189, 0xA96AE28A,
1625 0x7DA08661, 0x8FCB0562, 0x9C9BF696, 0x6EF07595,
1626 0x417B1DBC, 0xB3109EBF, 0xA0406D4B, 0x522BEE48,
1627 0x86E18AA3, 0x748A09A0, 0x67DAFA54, 0x95B17957,
1628 0xCBA24573, 0x39C9C670, 0x2A993584, 0xD8F2B687,
1629 0x0C38D26C, 0xFE53516F, 0xED03A29B, 0x1F682198,
1630 0x5125DAD3, 0xA34E59D0, 0xB01EAA24, 0x42752927,
1631 0x96BF4DCC, 0x64D4CECF, 0x77843D3B, 0x85EFBE38,
1632 0xDBFC821C, 0x2997011F, 0x3AC7F2EB, 0xC8AC71E8,
1633 0x1C661503, 0xEE0D9600, 0xFD5D65F4, 0x0F36E6F7,
1634 0x61C69362, 0x93AD1061, 0x80FDE395, 0x72966096,
1635 0xA65C047D, 0x5437877E, 0x4767748A, 0xB50CF789,
1636 0xEB1FCBAD, 0x197448AE, 0x0A24BB5A, 0xF84F3859,
1637 0x2C855CB2, 0xDEEEDFB1, 0xCDBE2C45, 0x3FD5AF46,
1638 0x7198540D, 0x83F3D70E, 0x90A324FA, 0x62C8A7F9,
1639 0xB602C312, 0x44694011, 0x5739B3E5, 0xA55230E6,
1640 0xFB410CC2, 0x092A8FC1, 0x1A7A7C35, 0xE811FF36,
1641 0x3CDB9BDD, 0xCEB018DE, 0xDDE0EB2A, 0x2F8B6829,
1642 0x82F63B78, 0x709DB87B, 0x63CD4B8F, 0x91A6C88C,
1643 0x456CAC67, 0xB7072F64, 0xA457DC90, 0x563C5F93,
1644 0x082F63B7, 0xFA44E0B4, 0xE9141340, 0x1B7F9043,
1645 0xCFB5F4A8, 0x3DDE77AB, 0x2E8E845F, 0xDCE5075C,
1646 0x92A8FC17, 0x60C37F14, 0x73938CE0, 0x81F80FE3,
1647 0x55326B08, 0xA759E80B, 0xB4091BFF, 0x466298FC,
1648 0x1871A4D8, 0xEA1A27DB, 0xF94AD42F, 0x0B21572C,
1649 0xDFEB33C7, 0x2D80B0C4, 0x3ED04330, 0xCCBBC033,
1650 0xA24BB5A6, 0x502036A5, 0x4370C551, 0xB11B4652,
1651 0x65D122B9, 0x97BAA1BA, 0x84EA524E, 0x7681D14D,
1652 0x2892ED69, 0xDAF96E6A, 0xC9A99D9E, 0x3BC21E9D,
1653 0xEF087A76, 0x1D63F975, 0x0E330A81, 0xFC588982,
1654 0xB21572C9, 0x407EF1CA, 0x532E023E, 0xA145813D,
1655 0x758FE5D6, 0x87E466D5, 0x94B49521, 0x66DF1622,
1656 0x38CC2A06, 0xCAA7A905, 0xD9F75AF1, 0x2B9CD9F2,
1657 0xFF56BD19, 0x0D3D3E1A, 0x1E6DCDEE, 0xEC064EED,
1658 0xC38D26C4, 0x31E6A5C7, 0x22B65633, 0xD0DDD530,
1659 0x0417B1DB, 0xF67C32D8, 0xE52CC12C, 0x1747422F,
1660 0x49547E0B, 0xBB3FFD08, 0xA86F0EFC, 0x5A048DFF,
1661 0x8ECEE914, 0x7CA56A17, 0x6FF599E3, 0x9D9E1AE0,
1662 0xD3D3E1AB, 0x21B862A8, 0x32E8915C, 0xC083125F,
1663 0x144976B4, 0xE622F5B7, 0xF5720643, 0x07198540,
1664 0x590AB964, 0xAB613A67, 0xB831C993, 0x4A5A4A90,
1665 0x9E902E7B, 0x6CFBAD78, 0x7FAB5E8C, 0x8DC0DD8F,
1666 0xE330A81A, 0x115B2B19, 0x020BD8ED, 0xF0605BEE,
1667 0x24AA3F05, 0xD6C1BC06, 0xC5914FF2, 0x37FACCF1,
1668 0x69E9F0D5, 0x9B8273D6, 0x88D28022, 0x7AB90321,
1669 0xAE7367CA, 0x5C18E4C9, 0x4F48173D, 0xBD23943E,
1670 0xF36E6F75, 0x0105EC76, 0x12551F82, 0xE03E9C81,
1671 0x34F4F86A, 0xC69F7B69, 0xD5CF889D, 0x27A40B9E,
1672 0x79B737BA, 0x8BDCB4B9, 0x988C474D, 0x6AE7C44E,
1673 0xBE2DA0A5, 0x4C4623A6, 0x5F16D052, 0xAD7D5351
1677 sctp_crc32c(void *pack, u_int32_t len)
1679 u_int32_t i, crc32c;
1680 u_int8_t byte0, byte1, byte2, byte3;
1681 u_int8_t *buf = (u_int8_t *)pack;
1684 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
1685 CRC32C(crc32c, buf[i]);
1687 byte0 = crc32c & 0xff;
1688 byte1 = (crc32c>>8) & 0xff;
1689 byte2 = (crc32c>>16) & 0xff;
1690 byte3 = (crc32c>>24) & 0xff;
1691 crc32c = ((byte0 << 24) | (byte1 << 16) | (byte2 << 8) | byte3);
1692 return htonl(crc32c);
1696 in_cksum(u_int16_t *addr, int len)
1699 u_int16_t *w = addr;
1704 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum),
1705 * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold
1706 * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower
1714 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
1716 sum += *(u_char *)w;
1719 * add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits
1721 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
1722 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */
1723 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */
1728 udp_cksum(struct sockaddr_in6 *src, struct sockaddr_in6 *dst,
1729 void *payload, u_int32_t len)
1732 struct in6_addr src;
1733 struct in6_addr dst;
1740 pseudo_hdr.src = src->sin6_addr;
1741 pseudo_hdr.dst = dst->sin6_addr;
1742 pseudo_hdr.len = htonl(len);
1743 pseudo_hdr.zero[0] = 0;
1744 pseudo_hdr.zero[1] = 0;
1745 pseudo_hdr.zero[2] = 0;
1746 pseudo_hdr.next = IPPROTO_UDP;
1748 sum[1] = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&pseudo_hdr, sizeof(pseudo_hdr));
1749 sum[0] = in_cksum(payload, len);
1751 return (~in_cksum(sum, sizeof(sum)));
1755 tcp_chksum(struct sockaddr_in6 *src, struct sockaddr_in6 *dst,
1756 void *payload, u_int32_t len)
1759 struct in6_addr src;
1760 struct in6_addr dst;
1767 pseudo_hdr.src = src->sin6_addr;
1768 pseudo_hdr.dst = dst->sin6_addr;
1769 pseudo_hdr.len = htonl(len);
1770 pseudo_hdr.zero[0] = 0;
1771 pseudo_hdr.zero[1] = 0;
1772 pseudo_hdr.zero[2] = 0;
1773 pseudo_hdr.next = IPPROTO_TCP;
1775 sum[1] = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&pseudo_hdr, sizeof(pseudo_hdr));
1776 sum[0] = in_cksum(payload, len);
1778 return (~in_cksum(sum, sizeof(sum)));
1786 "usage: traceroute6 [-adIlnNrSTUv] [-A as_server] [-f firsthop] [-g gateway]\n"
1787 " [-m hoplimit] [-p port] [-q probes] [-s src] [-w waittime] target\n"