1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161025 p24 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
21 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
23 20161010 p23 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
24 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
25 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
27 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
29 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
31 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
33 20160926 p22 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
35 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
37 20160923 p21 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
39 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
41 20160725 p20 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
42 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
44 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
46 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
47 distribution. [EN-16:09]
49 20160604 p19 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
51 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
53 20160531 p18 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
54 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
55 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
57 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
58 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
59 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
61 20160517 p17 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
62 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
64 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
66 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
68 20160504 p16 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
72 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
74 Fix excessive latency in x86 IPI delivery. [EN-16:07]
76 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
78 20160429 p15 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
80 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
82 20160316 p14 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
83 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
84 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
85 FreeBSD-EN-16:05.hv_netvsc
87 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
88 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
89 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
90 Fix hv_netvsc(4) incorrect TCP/IP checksums. [EN-16:05]
92 20160303 p13 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
94 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
96 20160130 p12 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
98 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
100 20160127 p11 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
101 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
103 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
105 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
106 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
108 20160114 p10 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
110 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
112 20160114 p9 FreeBSD-EN-16:01.filemon
114 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
115 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
117 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
118 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
120 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
122 Fix multiple stability and locking problems in filemon(4). [EN-16:01]
123 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
124 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
125 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
126 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
127 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
128 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
129 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
130 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
132 20151205 p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
134 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
136 20151104 p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
137 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
140 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
141 clock in 10.2-RELEASE-p6. [SA-15:25]
143 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
145 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
146 memory address. [EN-15:20.vm]
148 20151026: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
150 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
152 20151002: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
153 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
155 20150929: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
157 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
159 20150916: p3 FreeBSD-EN-15:16.pw
160 FreeBSD-EN-15:17.libc
163 Fix regression in pw(8) when creating numeric users or groups.
166 Fix libc handling of signals for multi-threaded processes.
169 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
171 20150825: p2 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
173 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
175 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
178 20150818: p1 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
179 FreeBSD-EN-15:11.toolchain
180 FreeBSD-EN-15:12.netstat
181 FreeBSD-EN-15:13.vidcontrol
183 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
186 Fix make(1) syntax errors when upgrading from 9.x and earlier.
189 Fix incorrect netstat(1) data handling on 32-bit systems.
192 Allow size argument to vidcontrol(1) for syscons(4). [EN-15:13]
198 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
199 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
200 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
201 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
204 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
205 entry below has been been committed in revision 284786.
208 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
209 below has been been committed in revision 284485. The work
210 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
211 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
212 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
215 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
216 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
217 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
218 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
219 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
220 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
221 2048 bit DH parameter by:
223 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
224 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
225 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
227 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
228 a file path, create a new file with:
229 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
230 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
231 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
233 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
235 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
239 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
240 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
243 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
244 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
247 At svn r275807, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
248 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
249 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
250 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
251 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
252 their next update cycle.
254 See ports/UPDATING 20141209 and 20141215 on migration to CentOS 6 ports.
257 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
258 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to
265 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
266 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
267 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
268 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
272 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
273 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
274 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
275 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
276 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
277 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
278 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
281 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
282 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
283 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
286 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
287 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
288 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
289 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
290 be removed during a clean upgrade.
293 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
294 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
295 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
298 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
299 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
300 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
303 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
304 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
305 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
306 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
307 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
311 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
312 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
313 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
314 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
315 to do the right thing.
318 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
319 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
320 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
323 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
324 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
325 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
328 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
329 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
330 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
331 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
332 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
335 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
338 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
341 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
342 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
343 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
344 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
345 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
346 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
349 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
350 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
351 kernel is still highly recommended.
354 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
355 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
356 capability mode support in kernel.
359 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
360 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
361 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
362 the nfe(4) driver instead.
368 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
369 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
370 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
371 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
372 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
373 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
374 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
375 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
376 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
379 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
380 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
381 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
382 should change your settings to use the latter.
385 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
386 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
387 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
388 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
389 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
392 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
393 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
394 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
396 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
398 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
401 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
402 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
403 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
404 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
405 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
406 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
408 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
409 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
410 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
411 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
412 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
413 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
415 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
416 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
420 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
421 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
422 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
423 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
425 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
426 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
427 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
428 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
431 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
432 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
433 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
436 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
437 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
438 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
439 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
442 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
443 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
444 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
448 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
449 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
450 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
454 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
455 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
456 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
457 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
458 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
459 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
462 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
463 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
464 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
467 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
468 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
469 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
472 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
473 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
474 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
475 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
476 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
477 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
480 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
481 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
482 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
484 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
485 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
486 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
487 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
488 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
491 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
492 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
493 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
494 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
498 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
499 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
500 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
503 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
505 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
506 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
507 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
508 old as well as the new version of find.
511 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
512 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
513 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
514 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
515 subdirectories must be reviewed.
518 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
519 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
520 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
522 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
524 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
525 users are advised to upgrade.
528 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
529 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
532 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
533 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
534 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
537 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
538 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
540 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
541 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
542 overloading the machine.
545 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
546 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
547 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
548 write access to that file.
551 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
552 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
555 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
557 make: illegal option -- J
558 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
560 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
562 this likely due to an old instance of make in
563 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
564 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
565 you see the above error:
567 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
572 Use bmake by default.
573 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
574 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
575 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
577 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
578 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
579 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
580 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
581 behavior in parallel build.
584 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
587 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
588 the IDEA patent expired.
591 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
592 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
596 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
597 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
598 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
599 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
600 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
601 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
602 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
606 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
607 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
608 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
609 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
613 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
614 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
615 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
616 binaries will not work on older kernels.
619 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
620 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
623 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
624 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
625 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
626 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
629 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
630 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
631 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
632 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
633 in /boot/loader.conf.
636 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
637 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
638 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
639 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
640 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
643 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
644 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
646 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
647 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
650 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
651 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
652 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
653 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
654 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
657 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
658 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
659 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
660 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
661 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
665 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
666 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
667 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
668 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
669 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
670 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
671 use is expected to be extremely rare.
674 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
675 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
676 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
679 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
680 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
681 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
685 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
686 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
687 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
692 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
693 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
694 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
697 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
698 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
699 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
700 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
701 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
702 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
705 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
706 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
707 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
708 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
709 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
710 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
711 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
715 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
716 functionality now turned on by default.
719 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
720 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
721 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
722 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
723 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
724 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
725 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
726 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
727 of the two kernel options.
730 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
731 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
732 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
733 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
736 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
737 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
741 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
742 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
743 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
746 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
747 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
748 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
749 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
750 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
753 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
754 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
755 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
756 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
759 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
762 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
763 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
764 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
768 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
769 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
773 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
774 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
775 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
778 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
779 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
780 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
781 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
782 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
786 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
787 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
790 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
791 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
792 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
793 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
797 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
798 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
799 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
802 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
803 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
804 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
807 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
808 with other variables:
809 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
810 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
813 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
814 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
815 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
816 installed as "bsdsort".
819 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
820 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
821 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
822 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
823 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
824 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
825 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
826 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
827 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
830 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
831 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
832 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
833 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
834 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
835 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
839 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
840 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
841 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
842 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
843 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
844 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
845 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
848 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
852 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
853 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
854 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
855 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
856 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
857 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
860 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
861 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
862 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
863 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
867 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
868 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
869 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
870 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
872 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
873 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
876 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
877 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
878 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
880 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
883 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
884 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
885 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
886 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
887 not supported anymore.
889 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
890 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
891 need to be recompiled.
894 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
898 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
899 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
900 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
904 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
905 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
908 sysinstall has been removed
911 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
912 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
915 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
916 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
917 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
918 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
919 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
920 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
921 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
922 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
923 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
924 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
927 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
928 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
929 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
930 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
933 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
934 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
935 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
936 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
938 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
939 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
940 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
943 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
944 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
945 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
946 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
949 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
951 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
952 The following sysctl is retired:
953 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
954 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
955 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
956 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
957 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
958 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
959 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
960 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
961 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
962 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
966 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
970 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
971 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
972 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
976 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
979 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
980 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
981 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
982 drivers need to be recompiled.
984 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
985 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
986 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
987 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
991 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
992 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
995 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
996 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
997 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
998 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
999 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1000 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1001 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1002 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1003 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1004 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1005 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1007 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1009 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1010 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1013 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1014 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1015 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1016 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1017 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1018 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1019 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1020 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1021 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1022 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1023 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1024 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1026 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1027 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1028 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1029 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1030 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1031 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1032 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1033 them are parts of the cam module.
1035 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1036 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1037 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1039 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1040 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1041 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1046 , and instead add back:
1047 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1048 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1049 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1050 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1051 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1054 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1055 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1056 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1057 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1058 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1059 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1062 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1063 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1064 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1067 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1068 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1069 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1070 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1071 in order to use ath on everything else.
1073 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1074 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1077 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1078 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1079 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1082 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1083 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1084 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1085 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1086 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1087 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1090 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1091 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1092 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1093 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1094 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1096 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1097 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1100 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1101 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1102 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1103 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1104 The function remains undocumented.
1107 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1108 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1109 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1110 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1111 systems where the define is not present can check against
1112 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1114 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1115 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1116 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1117 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1118 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1119 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1122 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1123 the following warning:
1124 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1125 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1126 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1127 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1128 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1129 install it on your system.
1131 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1132 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1133 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1134 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1137 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1138 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1139 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1140 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1144 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1145 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1146 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1147 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1148 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1149 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1150 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1151 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1152 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1153 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1154 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1155 it, for example via:
1156 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1158 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1159 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1160 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1161 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1162 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1163 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1164 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1166 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1167 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1170 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1171 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1172 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1173 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1174 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1177 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1178 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1179 migrate local entries to the new format.
1182 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1183 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1187 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1188 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1189 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1190 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1191 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1192 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1195 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1196 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1198 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1199 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1200 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1203 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1204 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1205 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1206 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1207 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1209 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1210 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1211 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1214 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1215 now i386 and amd64 only.
1216 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1217 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1218 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1219 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1220 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1221 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1224 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1225 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1228 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1229 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1230 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1231 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1232 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1233 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1234 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1235 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1236 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1237 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1238 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1241 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1242 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1243 machine powerpc powerpc
1245 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1249 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1250 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1251 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1252 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1253 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1256 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1257 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1258 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1259 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1260 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1263 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1264 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1265 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1266 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1268 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1269 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1270 to unwanted behavior.
1273 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1274 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1275 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1276 be modified accordingly.
1279 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1280 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1281 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1282 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1283 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1284 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1286 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1287 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1288 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1291 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1292 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1293 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1294 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1295 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1298 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1299 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1300 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1303 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1304 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1305 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1306 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1307 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1309 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1310 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1311 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1313 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1319 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1320 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1321 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1322 operation of applications on the console.
1324 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1325 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1326 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1329 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1330 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1331 performed by syscons(4).
1334 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1335 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1336 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1338 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1339 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1343 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1344 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1345 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1346 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1347 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1351 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1352 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1354 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1355 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1356 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1358 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1359 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1361 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1364 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1365 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1367 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1368 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1369 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1371 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1372 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1373 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1374 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1375 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1376 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1377 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1378 using ifconfig(8) like:
1380 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1382 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1385 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1387 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1388 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1389 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1390 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1391 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1394 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1395 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1398 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1399 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1400 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1401 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1402 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1403 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1406 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1407 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1410 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1411 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1412 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1416 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1417 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1418 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1421 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1422 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1425 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1426 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1427 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1430 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1431 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1432 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1435 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1436 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1437 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1438 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1439 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1442 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1443 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1444 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1445 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1446 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1449 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1450 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1451 may need to be adjusted.
1454 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1455 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1456 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1457 with routing sockets.
1460 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1461 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1462 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1465 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1466 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1467 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1471 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1472 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1473 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1476 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1477 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1478 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1479 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1480 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1481 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1482 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1483 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1485 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1486 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1487 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1488 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1489 authentication method is used.
1492 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1493 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1494 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1495 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1496 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1499 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1500 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1503 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1507 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1508 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1511 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1512 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1515 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1516 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1520 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1521 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1523 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1526 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1530 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1531 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1534 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1536 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1539 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1540 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1541 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1542 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1543 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1544 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1547 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1548 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1551 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1553 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1556 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1557 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1560 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1561 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1564 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1565 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1566 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1567 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1568 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1571 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1572 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1573 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1574 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1575 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1576 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1579 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1580 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1581 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1582 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1584 For kernel developers:
1586 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1587 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1588 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1590 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1591 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1592 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1593 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1595 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1596 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1597 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1598 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1599 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1600 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1601 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1602 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1603 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1604 multicast membership on-link.
1605 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1606 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1607 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1609 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1610 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1612 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1613 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1616 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1617 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1618 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1619 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1621 For application developers:
1623 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1626 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1627 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1629 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1630 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1631 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1632 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1634 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1635 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1636 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1637 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1638 Multicast Source Filters'.
1640 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1642 For systems administrators:
1644 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1645 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1646 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1647 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1648 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1650 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1651 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1653 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1654 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1655 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1656 recommended for optimal system performance.
1658 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1659 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1660 back forwarded datagrams.
1662 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1665 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1666 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1669 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1670 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1671 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1672 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1675 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1676 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1677 state will require a world rebuild.
1678 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1681 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1682 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1683 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1686 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1687 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1688 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1689 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1691 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1694 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1695 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1696 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1697 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1698 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1699 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1700 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1701 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1704 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1705 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1706 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1709 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1710 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1711 introduces some changes:
1713 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1714 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1715 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1717 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1718 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1719 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1720 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1722 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1723 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1724 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1727 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1730 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1731 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1732 (supported by sane).
1735 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1736 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1737 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1738 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1739 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1742 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1743 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1744 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1745 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1749 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1750 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1751 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1752 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1755 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1756 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1759 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1760 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1762 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1763 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1764 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1766 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1767 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1768 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1769 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1770 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1771 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1772 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1773 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1775 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1776 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1777 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1778 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1779 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1780 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1782 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1783 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1784 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1785 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1786 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1788 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1789 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1790 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1793 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1794 recompiled to reflect this.
1795 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1798 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1799 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1800 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1801 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1802 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1803 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1806 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1807 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1808 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1809 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1810 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1811 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1814 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1815 network device driver modules.
1818 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1819 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1822 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1823 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1824 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1825 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1826 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1830 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1831 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1832 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1836 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1837 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1839 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1840 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1841 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1844 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1845 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1846 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1847 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1848 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1849 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1851 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1852 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1854 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1855 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1858 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1859 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1860 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1863 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1864 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1865 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1866 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1870 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1871 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1874 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1875 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1876 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1877 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1878 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1879 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1882 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1883 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1884 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1885 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1888 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1889 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1890 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1891 in next mpd5.3 release.
1894 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1895 the base system (it was a port).
1898 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1899 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1902 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1903 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1904 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1905 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1906 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1907 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1908 none of the L2 information.
1911 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1912 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1914 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1916 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1920 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1921 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1922 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1923 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1926 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1927 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1928 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1929 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1930 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1934 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1935 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1936 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1937 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1940 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1943 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1944 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1945 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1946 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1947 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1953 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1954 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1958 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1959 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1960 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1961 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1962 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1963 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1964 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1967 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1968 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1969 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1970 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1971 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1974 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1980 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1982 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1983 cause compilation to fail.
1986 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1989 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1991 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1992 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1993 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1994 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1995 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1996 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1997 accepting the RSA key.
1999 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2000 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2003 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2004 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2005 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2009 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2010 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2011 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2013 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2014 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2015 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2016 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2017 use the new device names.
2019 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2020 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2021 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2022 at the loader prompt:
2024 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2025 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2026 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2027 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2031 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2035 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2036 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2037 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2038 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2041 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2042 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2045 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2046 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2047 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2048 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2049 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2052 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2053 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2054 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2055 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2056 For example, change:
2057 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2060 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2061 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2062 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2063 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2065 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2066 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2067 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2070 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2071 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2072 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2073 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2074 other operation levels.
2077 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2078 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2079 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2080 compatibility with any prior release:
2082 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2083 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2084 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2087 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2088 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2089 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2090 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2091 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2095 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2096 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2097 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2098 with older hardware easier to do.
2101 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2102 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2105 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2106 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2107 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2111 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2115 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2116 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2117 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2118 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2119 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2120 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2121 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2122 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2123 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2124 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2125 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2126 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2129 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2130 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2131 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2134 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2135 functionality is the default now.
2138 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2139 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2140 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2141 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2142 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2144 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2145 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2146 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2149 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2150 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2151 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2152 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2153 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2154 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2155 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2156 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2157 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2158 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2162 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2163 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2164 used kproc_start()..
2165 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2166 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2167 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2176 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2177 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2178 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2179 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2180 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2181 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2182 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2184 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2185 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2186 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2187 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2188 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2190 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2191 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2192 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2193 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2194 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2196 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2197 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2198 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2199 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2203 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2206 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2207 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2209 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2211 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2212 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2213 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2215 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2219 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2220 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2221 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2223 make kernel-toolchain
2224 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2225 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2227 To test a kernel once
2228 ---------------------
2229 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2230 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2231 debugging information) run
2232 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2233 nextboot -k testkernel
2235 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2236 --------------------------------------------------------------
2237 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2238 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2239 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2241 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2242 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2243 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2248 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2250 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2251 -----------------------------------------------------------
2252 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2253 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2255 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2257 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2259 <reboot in single user> [3]
2266 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2267 --------------------------------------------------
2268 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2269 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2270 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2273 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2276 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2277 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2278 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2279 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2280 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2281 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2282 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2283 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2284 <reboot into current>
2285 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2286 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2290 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2291 ----------------------------------------------
2292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2294 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2296 <reboot in single user> [3]
2303 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2304 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2305 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2306 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2307 the UPDATING entries.
2309 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2310 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2311 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2312 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2313 much fewer pitfalls.
2315 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2316 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2319 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2324 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2325 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2326 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2328 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2329 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2330 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2331 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2332 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2333 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2334 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2336 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2337 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2338 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2339 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2340 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2341 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2343 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2344 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2345 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2347 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2348 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2349 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2350 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2351 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2352 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2354 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2355 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2357 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2358 cvs prune empty directories.
2360 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2361 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2362 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2364 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2365 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2366 warn if it is improperly defined.
2369 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2370 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2371 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2372 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2373 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2375 Copyright information:
2377 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2379 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2380 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2381 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2383 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2384 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2385 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2386 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2387 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2388 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2389 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2390 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2391 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2392 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2393 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2395 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of