1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161010 p23 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
20 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
21 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
23 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
25 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
27 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
29 20160926 p22 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
31 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
33 20160923 p21 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
35 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
37 20160725 p20 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
38 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
40 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
42 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
43 distribution. [EN-16:09]
45 20160604 p19 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
47 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
49 20160531 p18 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
50 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
51 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
53 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
54 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
55 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
57 20160517 p17 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
58 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
60 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
62 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
64 20160504 p16 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
68 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
70 Fix excessive latency in x86 IPI delivery. [EN-16:07]
72 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
74 20160429 p15 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
76 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
78 20160316 p14 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
79 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
80 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
81 FreeBSD-EN-16:05.hv_netvsc
83 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
84 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
85 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
86 Fix hv_netvsc(4) incorrect TCP/IP checksums. [EN-16:05]
88 20160303 p13 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
90 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
92 20160130 p12 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
94 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
96 20160127 p11 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
97 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
99 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
101 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
102 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
104 20160114 p10 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
106 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
108 20160114 p9 FreeBSD-EN-16:01.filemon
110 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
111 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
113 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
114 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
116 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
118 Fix multiple stability and locking problems in filemon(4). [EN-16:01]
119 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
120 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
121 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
122 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
123 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
124 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
125 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
126 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
128 20151205 p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
130 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
132 20151104 p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
133 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
136 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
137 clock in 10.2-RELEASE-p6. [SA-15:25]
139 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
141 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
142 memory address. [EN-15:20.vm]
144 20151026: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
146 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
148 20151002: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
149 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
151 20150929: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
153 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
155 20150916: p3 FreeBSD-EN-15:16.pw
156 FreeBSD-EN-15:17.libc
159 Fix regression in pw(8) when creating numeric users or groups.
162 Fix libc handling of signals for multi-threaded processes.
165 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
167 20150825: p2 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
169 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
171 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
174 20150818: p1 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
175 FreeBSD-EN-15:11.toolchain
176 FreeBSD-EN-15:12.netstat
177 FreeBSD-EN-15:13.vidcontrol
179 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
182 Fix make(1) syntax errors when upgrading from 9.x and earlier.
185 Fix incorrect netstat(1) data handling on 32-bit systems.
188 Allow size argument to vidcontrol(1) for syscons(4). [EN-15:13]
194 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
195 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
196 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
197 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
200 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
201 entry below has been been committed in revision 284786.
204 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
205 below has been been committed in revision 284485. The work
206 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
207 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
208 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
211 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
212 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
213 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
214 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
215 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
216 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
217 2048 bit DH parameter by:
219 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
220 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
221 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
223 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
224 a file path, create a new file with:
225 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
226 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
227 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
229 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
231 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
235 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
236 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
239 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
240 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
243 At svn r275807, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
244 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
245 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
246 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
247 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
248 their next update cycle.
250 See ports/UPDATING 20141209 and 20141215 on migration to CentOS 6 ports.
253 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
254 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to
261 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
262 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
263 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
264 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
268 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
269 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
270 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
271 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
272 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
273 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
274 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
277 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
278 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
279 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
282 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
283 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
284 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
285 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
286 be removed during a clean upgrade.
289 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
290 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
291 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
294 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
295 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
296 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
299 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
300 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
301 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
302 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
303 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
307 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
308 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
309 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
310 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
311 to do the right thing.
314 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
315 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
316 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
319 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
320 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
321 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
324 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
325 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
326 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
327 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
328 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
331 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
334 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
337 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
338 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
339 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
340 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
341 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
342 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
345 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
346 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
347 kernel is still highly recommended.
350 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
351 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
352 capability mode support in kernel.
355 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
356 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
357 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
358 the nfe(4) driver instead.
364 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
365 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
366 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
367 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
368 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
369 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
370 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
371 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
372 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
375 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
376 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
377 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
378 should change your settings to use the latter.
381 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
382 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
383 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
384 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
385 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
388 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
389 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
390 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
392 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
394 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
397 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
398 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
399 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
400 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
401 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
402 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
404 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
405 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
406 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
407 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
408 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
409 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
411 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
412 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
416 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
417 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
418 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
419 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
421 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
422 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
423 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
424 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
427 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
428 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
429 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
432 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
433 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
434 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
435 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
438 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
439 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
440 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
444 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
445 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
446 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
450 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
451 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
452 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
453 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
454 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
455 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
458 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
459 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
460 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
463 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
464 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
465 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
468 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
469 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
470 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
471 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
472 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
473 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
476 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
477 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
478 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
480 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
481 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
482 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
483 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
484 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
487 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
488 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
489 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
490 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
494 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
495 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
496 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
499 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
501 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
502 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
503 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
504 old as well as the new version of find.
507 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
508 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
509 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
510 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
511 subdirectories must be reviewed.
514 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
515 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
516 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
518 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
520 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
521 users are advised to upgrade.
524 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
525 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
528 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
529 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
530 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
533 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
534 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
536 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
537 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
538 overloading the machine.
541 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
542 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
543 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
544 write access to that file.
547 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
548 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
551 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
553 make: illegal option -- J
554 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
556 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
558 this likely due to an old instance of make in
559 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
560 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
561 you see the above error:
563 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
568 Use bmake by default.
569 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
570 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
571 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
573 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
574 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
575 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
576 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
577 behavior in parallel build.
580 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
583 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
584 the IDEA patent expired.
587 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
588 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
592 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
593 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
594 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
595 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
596 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
597 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
598 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
602 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
603 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
604 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
605 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
609 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
610 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
611 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
612 binaries will not work on older kernels.
615 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
616 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
619 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
620 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
621 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
622 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
625 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
626 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
627 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
628 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
629 in /boot/loader.conf.
632 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
633 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
634 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
635 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
636 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
639 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
640 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
642 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
643 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
646 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
647 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
648 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
649 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
650 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
653 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
654 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
655 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
656 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
657 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
661 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
662 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
663 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
664 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
665 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
666 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
667 use is expected to be extremely rare.
670 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
671 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
672 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
675 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
676 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
677 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
681 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
682 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
683 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
688 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
689 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
690 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
693 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
694 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
695 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
696 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
697 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
698 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
701 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
702 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
703 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
704 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
705 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
706 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
707 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
711 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
712 functionality now turned on by default.
715 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
716 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
717 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
718 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
719 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
720 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
721 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
722 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
723 of the two kernel options.
726 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
727 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
728 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
729 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
732 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
733 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
737 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
738 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
739 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
742 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
743 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
744 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
745 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
746 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
749 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
750 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
751 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
752 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
755 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
758 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
759 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
760 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
764 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
765 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
769 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
770 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
771 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
774 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
775 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
776 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
777 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
778 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
782 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
783 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
786 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
787 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
788 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
789 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
793 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
794 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
795 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
798 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
799 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
800 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
803 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
804 with other variables:
805 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
806 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
809 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
810 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
811 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
812 installed as "bsdsort".
815 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
816 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
817 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
818 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
819 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
820 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
821 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
822 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
823 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
826 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
827 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
828 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
829 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
830 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
831 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
835 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
836 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
837 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
838 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
839 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
840 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
841 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
844 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
848 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
849 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
850 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
851 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
852 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
853 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
856 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
857 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
858 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
859 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
863 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
864 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
865 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
866 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
868 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
869 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
872 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
873 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
874 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
876 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
879 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
880 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
881 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
882 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
883 not supported anymore.
885 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
886 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
887 need to be recompiled.
890 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
894 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
895 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
896 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
900 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
901 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
904 sysinstall has been removed
907 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
908 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
911 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
912 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
913 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
914 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
915 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
916 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
917 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
918 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
919 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
920 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
923 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
924 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
925 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
926 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
929 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
930 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
931 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
932 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
934 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
935 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
936 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
939 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
940 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
941 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
942 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
945 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
947 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
948 The following sysctl is retired:
949 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
950 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
951 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
952 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
953 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
954 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
955 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
956 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
957 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
958 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
962 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
966 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
967 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
968 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
972 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
975 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
976 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
977 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
978 drivers need to be recompiled.
980 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
981 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
982 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
983 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
987 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
988 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
991 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
992 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
993 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
994 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
995 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
996 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
997 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
998 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
999 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1000 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1001 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1003 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1005 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1006 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1009 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1010 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1011 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1012 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1013 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1014 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1015 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1016 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1017 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1018 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1019 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1020 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1022 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1023 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1024 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1025 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1026 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1027 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1028 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1029 them are parts of the cam module.
1031 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1032 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1033 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1035 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1036 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1037 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1042 , and instead add back:
1043 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1044 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1045 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1046 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1047 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1050 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1051 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1052 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1053 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1054 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1055 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1058 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1059 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1060 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1063 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1064 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1065 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1066 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1067 in order to use ath on everything else.
1069 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1070 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1073 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1074 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1075 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1078 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1079 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1080 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1081 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1082 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1083 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1086 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1087 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1088 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1089 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1090 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1092 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1093 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1096 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1097 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1098 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1099 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1100 The function remains undocumented.
1103 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1104 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1105 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1106 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1107 systems where the define is not present can check against
1108 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1110 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1111 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1112 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1113 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1114 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1115 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1118 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1119 the following warning:
1120 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1121 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1122 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1123 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1124 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1125 install it on your system.
1127 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1128 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1129 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1130 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1133 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1134 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1135 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1136 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1140 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1141 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1142 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1143 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1144 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1145 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1146 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1147 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1148 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1149 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1150 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1151 it, for example via:
1152 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1154 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1155 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1156 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1157 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1158 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1159 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1160 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1162 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1163 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1166 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1167 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1168 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1169 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1170 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1173 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1174 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1175 migrate local entries to the new format.
1178 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1179 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1183 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1184 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1185 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1186 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1187 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1188 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1191 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1192 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1194 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1195 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1196 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1199 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1200 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1201 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1202 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1203 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1205 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1206 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1207 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1210 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1211 now i386 and amd64 only.
1212 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1213 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1214 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1215 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1216 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1217 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1220 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1221 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1224 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1225 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1226 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1227 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1228 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1229 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1230 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1231 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1232 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1233 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1234 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1237 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1238 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1239 machine powerpc powerpc
1241 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1245 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1246 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1247 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1248 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1249 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1252 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1253 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1254 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1255 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1256 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1259 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1260 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1261 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1262 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1264 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1265 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1266 to unwanted behavior.
1269 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1270 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1271 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1272 be modified accordingly.
1275 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1276 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1277 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1278 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1279 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1280 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1282 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1283 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1284 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1287 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1288 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1289 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1290 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1291 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1294 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1295 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1296 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1299 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1300 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1301 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1302 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1303 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1305 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1306 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1307 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1309 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1315 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1316 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1317 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1318 operation of applications on the console.
1320 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1321 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1322 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1325 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1326 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1327 performed by syscons(4).
1330 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1331 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1332 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1334 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1335 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1339 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1340 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1341 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1342 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1343 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1347 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1348 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1350 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1351 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1352 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1354 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1355 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1357 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1360 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1361 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1363 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1364 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1365 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1367 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1368 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1369 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1370 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1371 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1372 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1373 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1374 using ifconfig(8) like:
1376 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1378 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1381 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1383 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1384 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1385 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1386 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1387 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1390 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1391 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1394 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1395 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1396 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1397 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1398 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1399 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1402 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1403 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1406 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1407 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1408 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1412 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1413 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1414 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1417 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1418 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1421 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1422 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1423 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1426 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1427 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1428 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1431 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1432 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1433 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1434 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1435 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1438 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1439 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1440 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1441 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1442 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1445 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1446 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1447 may need to be adjusted.
1450 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1451 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1452 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1453 with routing sockets.
1456 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1457 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1458 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1461 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1462 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1463 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1467 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1468 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1469 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1472 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1473 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1474 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1475 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1476 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1477 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1478 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1479 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1481 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1482 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1483 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1484 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1485 authentication method is used.
1488 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1489 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1490 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1491 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1492 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1495 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1496 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1499 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1503 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1504 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1507 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1508 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1511 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1512 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1516 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1517 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1519 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1522 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1526 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1527 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1530 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1532 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1535 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1536 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1537 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1538 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1539 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1540 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1543 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1544 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1547 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1549 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1552 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1553 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1556 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1557 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1560 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1561 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1562 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1563 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1564 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1567 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1568 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1569 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1570 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1571 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1572 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1575 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1576 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1577 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1578 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1580 For kernel developers:
1582 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1583 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1584 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1586 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1587 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1588 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1589 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1591 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1592 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1593 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1594 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1595 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1596 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1597 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1598 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1599 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1600 multicast membership on-link.
1601 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1602 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1603 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1605 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1606 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1608 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1609 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1612 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1613 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1614 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1615 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1617 For application developers:
1619 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1622 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1623 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1625 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1626 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1627 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1628 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1630 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1631 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1632 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1633 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1634 Multicast Source Filters'.
1636 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1638 For systems administrators:
1640 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1641 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1642 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1643 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1644 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1646 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1647 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1649 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1650 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1651 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1652 recommended for optimal system performance.
1654 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1655 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1656 back forwarded datagrams.
1658 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1661 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1662 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1665 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1666 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1667 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1668 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1671 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1672 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1673 state will require a world rebuild.
1674 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1677 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1678 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1679 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1682 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1683 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1684 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1685 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1687 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1690 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1691 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1692 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1693 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1694 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1695 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1696 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1697 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1700 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1701 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1702 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1705 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1706 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1707 introduces some changes:
1709 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1710 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1711 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1713 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1714 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1715 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1716 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1718 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1719 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1720 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1723 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1726 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1727 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1728 (supported by sane).
1731 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1732 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1733 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1734 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1735 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1738 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1739 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1740 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1741 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1745 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1746 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1747 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1748 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1751 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1752 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1755 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1756 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1758 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1759 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1760 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1762 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1763 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1764 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1765 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1766 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1767 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1768 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1769 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1771 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1772 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1773 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1774 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1775 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1776 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1778 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1779 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1780 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1781 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1782 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1784 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1785 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1786 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1789 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1790 recompiled to reflect this.
1791 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1794 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1795 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1796 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1797 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1798 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1799 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1802 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1803 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1804 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1805 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1806 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1807 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1810 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1811 network device driver modules.
1814 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1815 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1818 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1819 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1820 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1821 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1822 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1826 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1827 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1828 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1832 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1833 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1835 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1836 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1837 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1840 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1841 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1842 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1843 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1844 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1845 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1847 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1848 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1850 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1851 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1854 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1855 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1856 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1859 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1860 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1861 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1862 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1866 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1867 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1870 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1871 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1872 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1873 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1874 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1875 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1878 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1879 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1880 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1881 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1884 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1885 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1886 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1887 in next mpd5.3 release.
1890 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1891 the base system (it was a port).
1894 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1895 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1898 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1899 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1900 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1901 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1902 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1903 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1904 none of the L2 information.
1907 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1908 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1910 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1912 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1916 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1917 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1918 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1919 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1922 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1923 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1924 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1925 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1926 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1930 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1931 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1932 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1933 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1936 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1939 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1940 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1941 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1942 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1943 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1949 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1950 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1954 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1955 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1956 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1957 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1958 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1959 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1960 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1963 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1964 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1965 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1966 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1967 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1970 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1976 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1978 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1979 cause compilation to fail.
1982 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1985 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1987 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1988 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1989 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1990 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1991 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1992 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1993 accepting the RSA key.
1995 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1996 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1999 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2000 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2001 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2005 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2006 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2007 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2009 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2010 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2011 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2012 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2013 use the new device names.
2015 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2016 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2017 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2018 at the loader prompt:
2020 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2021 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2022 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2023 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2027 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2031 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2032 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2033 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2034 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2037 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2038 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2041 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2042 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2043 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2044 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2045 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2048 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2049 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2050 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2051 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2052 For example, change:
2053 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2056 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2057 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2058 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2059 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2061 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2062 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2063 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2066 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2067 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2068 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2069 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2070 other operation levels.
2073 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2074 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2075 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2076 compatibility with any prior release:
2078 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2079 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2080 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2083 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2084 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2085 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2086 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2087 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2091 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2092 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2093 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2094 with older hardware easier to do.
2097 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2098 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2101 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2102 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2103 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2107 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2111 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2112 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2113 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2114 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2115 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2116 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2117 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2118 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2119 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2120 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2121 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2122 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2125 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2126 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2127 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2130 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2131 functionality is the default now.
2134 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2135 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2136 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2137 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2138 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2140 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2141 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2142 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2145 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2146 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2147 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2148 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2149 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2150 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2151 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2152 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2153 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2154 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2158 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2159 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2160 used kproc_start()..
2161 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2162 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2163 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2172 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2173 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2174 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2175 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2176 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2177 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2178 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2180 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2181 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2182 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2183 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2184 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2186 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2187 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2188 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2189 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2190 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2192 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2193 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2194 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2195 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2199 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2202 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2203 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2205 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2207 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2208 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2209 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2211 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2215 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2216 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2217 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2219 make kernel-toolchain
2220 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2221 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2223 To test a kernel once
2224 ---------------------
2225 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2226 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2227 debugging information) run
2228 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2229 nextboot -k testkernel
2231 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2232 --------------------------------------------------------------
2233 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2234 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2235 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2237 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2238 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2239 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2244 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2246 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2247 -----------------------------------------------------------
2248 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2249 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2251 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2253 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2255 <reboot in single user> [3]
2262 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2263 --------------------------------------------------
2264 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2265 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2266 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2269 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2272 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2273 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2274 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2275 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2276 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2277 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2278 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2279 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2280 <reboot into current>
2281 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2282 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2286 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2287 ----------------------------------------------
2288 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2290 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2292 <reboot in single user> [3]
2299 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2300 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2301 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2302 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2303 the UPDATING entries.
2305 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2306 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2307 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2308 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2309 much fewer pitfalls.
2311 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2312 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2315 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2320 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2321 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2322 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2324 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2325 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2326 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2327 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2328 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2329 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2330 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2332 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2333 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2334 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2335 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2336 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2337 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2339 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2340 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2341 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2343 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2344 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2345 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2346 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2347 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2348 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2350 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2351 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2353 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2354 cvs prune empty directories.
2356 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2357 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2358 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2360 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2361 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2362 warn if it is improperly defined.
2365 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2366 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2367 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2368 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2369 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2371 Copyright information:
2373 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2375 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2376 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2377 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2379 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2380 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2381 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2382 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2383 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2384 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2385 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2386 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2387 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2388 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2389 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2391 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of