1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
9 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
11 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
15 ###############################################################################
19 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
28 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
29 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
30 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
31 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
32 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
33 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
34 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
35 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
36 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
37 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
38 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
39 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
40 # That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
41 # of the new zones observed noon twice. Allen witnessed the
42 # transition in New York City, writing:
44 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
45 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
46 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
47 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
48 # abandoned, probably forever.
50 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
51 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
52 # http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
54 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
55 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
56 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
58 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
59 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
60 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
61 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
62 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
63 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
65 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
66 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
67 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
68 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
69 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
71 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
72 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
73 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
74 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
75 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
76 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
77 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
78 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
79 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
80 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
82 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
83 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
85 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
86 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
87 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
88 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
90 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
91 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
92 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
93 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
95 # From Arthur David Olson:
96 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
97 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
98 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
100 # From Arthur David Olson:
101 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
102 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
104 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
105 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
106 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
107 # An AltaVista search turned up:
108 # http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
109 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
110 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
111 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
113 # From Joseph Gallant citing
114 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
115 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
116 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
117 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
118 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
119 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
120 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
121 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
123 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
124 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
126 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
127 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
128 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
129 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
130 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
133 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
134 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
135 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
136 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
138 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
140 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
141 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
142 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
143 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
144 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
146 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
147 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
148 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
149 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
150 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
151 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
152 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
153 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
154 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
155 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
156 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
157 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
158 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
159 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
161 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
162 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
163 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
164 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
165 # this time zone package.
166 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
167 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
168 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
169 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
170 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
172 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
175 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
176 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
177 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
178 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
179 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
181 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
182 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
184 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
185 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
186 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
187 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
189 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
190 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
191 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
193 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
194 # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
195 # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
197 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
198 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
199 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
200 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
201 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
202 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
203 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
204 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
205 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
206 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
207 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
208 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
209 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
210 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
211 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
213 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
214 # The above dates are for 1988.
215 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
216 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
219 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
220 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
221 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
222 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
223 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
225 # United States standard eastern time
226 # United States standard mountain time
227 # United States standard central time
228 # United States standard Pacific time
230 # United States standard Alaska time
232 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
233 # public law 98-181):
234 # Atlantic standard time
235 # eastern standard time
236 # central standard time
237 # mountain standard time
238 # Pacific standard time
239 # Yukon standard time
240 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
241 # Bering standard time
242 # And after 1983-11-30:
243 # Atlantic standard time
244 # eastern standard time
245 # central standard time
246 # mountain standard time
247 # Pacific standard time
248 # Alaska standard time
249 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
250 # Samoa standard time
251 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
253 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
254 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
255 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
257 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
258 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
259 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
260 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
261 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
263 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
264 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
266 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
267 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
268 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
269 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
270 # Sunday of March"; and
271 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
272 # Sunday of November'.
273 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
274 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
275 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
276 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
277 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
279 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
280 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
281 # Department study is complete.
283 # US eastern time, represented by New York
285 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
286 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
287 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
288 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
289 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
290 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
292 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
293 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
294 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
295 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
296 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
297 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
299 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
300 # According to today's Huntsville Times
301 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
302 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
303 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
304 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
305 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
306 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
309 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
310 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
311 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
312 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
315 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
316 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
317 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
318 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
319 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
320 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
321 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
322 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
329 # US central time, represented by Chicago
331 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
332 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
333 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
334 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
335 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
336 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
337 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
338 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
340 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
341 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
342 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
343 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
344 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
345 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
347 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
348 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
349 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
350 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
352 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
353 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
354 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
355 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
356 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
357 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
359 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
360 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
362 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
363 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
364 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
365 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
366 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
367 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
368 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
370 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
372 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
373 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
374 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
376 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
378 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
379 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
380 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
382 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
383 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
384 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
385 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
386 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
387 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
388 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
389 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
390 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
393 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
394 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
395 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
396 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
397 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
398 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
400 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
401 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
402 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
403 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
404 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
407 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
408 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
411 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
413 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
414 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
415 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
416 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
417 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
419 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
420 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
421 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
422 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
423 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
424 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
425 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
426 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
428 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
430 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
433 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
435 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
436 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
437 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
438 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
439 # Malheur county), and Washington
441 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
442 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
443 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
444 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
445 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
446 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
447 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
448 # 1973-11. http://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
450 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
451 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
452 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
453 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
457 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
458 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
459 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
462 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
463 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
465 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
466 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
467 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
468 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
469 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
470 # http://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
472 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
473 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
474 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
475 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
476 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
477 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
478 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
479 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
485 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
487 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
488 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
489 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
490 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
491 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
492 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
493 # the Julian calendar.
495 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
496 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
497 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
498 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
499 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
500 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
502 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
503 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
504 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
505 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
506 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
507 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
509 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
510 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
511 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
512 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
514 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
515 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
517 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
518 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
519 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
522 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
523 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
524 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
526 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
527 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
529 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
530 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
532 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
535 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
536 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
537 # Community office (using contact information available at
538 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
539 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
540 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
541 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
542 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
543 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
545 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
546 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
547 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
549 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
550 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
551 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
552 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
553 # http://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
555 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
556 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
557 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
561 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
562 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
563 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
564 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
566 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
567 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
571 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
572 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
574 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
575 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
579 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
580 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
582 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
583 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
587 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
589 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
590 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
592 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
593 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
594 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
596 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
597 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
599 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
600 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
603 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
605 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
606 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
608 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
609 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
612 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
614 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
615 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
617 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
619 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
620 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
621 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
623 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
624 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
625 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
626 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
627 # possibly until 1983:
629 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
630 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
631 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
632 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
633 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
634 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
635 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
636 # three votes for and one against."
640 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
641 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
642 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
643 # the article is available at
644 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
645 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
646 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
647 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
648 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
649 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
650 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
651 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
652 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
653 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
654 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
655 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
657 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
658 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
659 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
660 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
661 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
662 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
663 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
664 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
665 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
666 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
667 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
668 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
669 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
670 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
672 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
673 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
675 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
676 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
677 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
678 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
679 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 9 2:00
680 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
681 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00
683 Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
685 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
687 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
689 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
691 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
692 # Daylight Saving Time web page
693 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
694 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
695 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
696 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
697 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
698 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
699 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
700 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
701 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
702 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
703 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
705 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
706 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
708 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
709 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
710 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
711 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
712 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
714 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
716 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
717 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
718 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
719 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
720 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
721 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
723 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
724 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
726 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
727 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
728 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
729 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
730 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
731 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
732 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
734 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
735 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
736 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
738 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
743 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
744 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
746 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
747 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
748 # with the following exceptions:
750 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
751 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
753 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
755 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
756 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
758 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
759 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
761 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
762 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
763 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
764 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
766 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
767 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
768 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
770 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
771 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
772 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
773 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
774 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
775 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
776 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
777 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
778 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
779 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
781 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
782 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
783 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
784 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
786 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
787 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
788 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
789 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
790 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
791 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
793 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
795 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
796 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
797 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
803 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
804 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
805 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
806 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
807 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
808 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
809 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
810 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
811 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
813 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
815 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
816 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
821 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
822 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
824 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
825 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
826 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
827 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
828 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
829 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
830 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
831 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
832 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
833 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
834 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
835 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
837 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
840 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
841 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
844 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
845 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
846 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
847 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
848 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
849 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
850 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
852 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
853 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
854 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
855 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
856 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
858 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
861 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
864 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
865 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
866 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
867 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
868 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
869 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
870 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
871 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
872 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
874 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
875 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
876 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
877 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
878 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
881 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
882 # then switched back in 2006.
883 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
884 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
885 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
887 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
888 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
889 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
890 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
891 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
892 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
893 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
894 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
896 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
897 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
898 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
899 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
902 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
903 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
904 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
905 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
906 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
907 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
908 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
909 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
910 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
912 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
915 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
916 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
919 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
920 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
921 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
922 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
928 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
929 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
930 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
931 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
932 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
933 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
934 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
935 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
936 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
937 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
938 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
939 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
941 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
943 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
945 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
946 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
949 # Wayne County, Kentucky
951 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
952 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
953 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
954 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
955 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
956 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
957 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
958 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
959 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
960 # location in the Central time zone.
962 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
963 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
964 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
965 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
966 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
968 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
969 # The final rule was published in the
970 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
971 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22
973 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
976 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
980 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
981 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
982 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
983 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
984 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
985 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
986 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
987 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
989 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
990 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
991 # so omit that change for now.
992 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
993 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
994 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
995 # 1999-10-31. See the
996 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
997 # http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15
998 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
999 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1000 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1004 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1005 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1007 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1008 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1009 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1012 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1013 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1014 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1015 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1016 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1017 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1020 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1022 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1023 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1024 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1025 # info, so omit this for now.
1027 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1028 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1029 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1030 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1031 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
1032 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1033 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1034 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1035 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1038 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1040 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1043 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1044 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1045 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1046 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1047 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1048 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1049 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1050 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1051 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1053 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1054 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1058 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1059 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1060 # also claimed by Haiti
1061 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1062 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1063 # currently uninhabited
1064 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1065 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1066 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1068 ################################################################################
1071 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31):
1073 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1074 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1075 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1076 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1078 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
1079 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
1080 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1081 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1082 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1083 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1085 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1087 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1088 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1089 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1091 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1092 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1095 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1096 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1098 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1102 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1103 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1104 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1106 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1107 # offset French English French English
1111 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1112 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1113 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1114 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1115 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1118 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1119 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1121 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1122 # C: du Centre Central
1123 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1126 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1131 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1132 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1134 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1137 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1139 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1140 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1141 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1142 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1145 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1146 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1148 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1149 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1150 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1152 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1153 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1154 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1156 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1157 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1158 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1159 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1161 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1162 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1164 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1165 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1168 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1170 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1171 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1172 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1173 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1175 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1178 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1179 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1181 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1182 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1183 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1184 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1185 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1186 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1188 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1189 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1190 # http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1191 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1193 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1194 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1197 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1198 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1199 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1200 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1201 # The quote includes these two statements:
1202 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1203 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1204 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1205 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1206 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1208 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1209 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1210 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1212 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1213 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1214 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1215 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1216 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1217 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1218 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1220 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1221 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1222 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1225 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1227 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1228 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1229 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1230 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1231 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1233 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1234 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1235 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1236 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1237 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1238 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1239 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1240 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1241 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1242 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1244 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1245 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1246 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1247 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1248 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1249 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1250 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1251 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1252 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1253 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1254 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1255 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1256 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1257 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1258 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1260 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1261 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1262 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1263 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1264 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1265 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1267 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1269 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1270 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1272 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1274 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1275 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1276 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1277 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1278 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1279 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1281 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1282 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1283 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1284 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1285 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1286 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1287 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1288 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1289 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1292 # most of east Labrador
1294 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1295 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1296 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1298 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1299 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1301 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1302 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1303 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1304 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1308 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1310 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1311 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1312 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1313 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1314 # likely to be the same across the island....
1315 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1316 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1318 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1319 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1320 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1321 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1322 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1323 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1324 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1327 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1328 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1329 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1330 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1331 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1332 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1333 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1334 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1335 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1336 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1337 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1338 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1339 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1340 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1341 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1342 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1343 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1344 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1345 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1346 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1347 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1348 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1349 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1350 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1351 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1352 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1353 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1354 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1355 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1356 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1357 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1358 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1359 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1360 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1361 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1362 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1363 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1364 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1365 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1366 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1367 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1368 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1370 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1371 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1372 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1373 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1374 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1375 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1377 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1378 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1379 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1381 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1386 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1387 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1388 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1389 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1390 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1391 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1393 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1394 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1395 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1396 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1397 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1398 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1399 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1400 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1401 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1402 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1403 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1404 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1405 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1406 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1407 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1408 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1409 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1410 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1411 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1412 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1413 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1414 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1415 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1420 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1421 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1423 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1424 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1425 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1426 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1427 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1428 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1429 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1430 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1431 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1432 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1433 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1434 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1436 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1437 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1438 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1443 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1444 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1446 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1447 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1448 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1449 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1451 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1452 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1453 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1454 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1455 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1456 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1457 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1458 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1459 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1462 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1464 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1465 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1466 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1467 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1468 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1469 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1470 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1471 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1472 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1474 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1475 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1476 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1477 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1478 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1480 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1481 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1482 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1484 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1485 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1486 # the other half on eastern time.
1488 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1490 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1491 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1492 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1494 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1495 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1497 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1498 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1499 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1500 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1501 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1503 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1504 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1505 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1506 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1507 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1508 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1509 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1510 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1512 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1514 # Currently the database has:
1518 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1519 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1521 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1522 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1523 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1525 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1526 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1527 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1529 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1530 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1532 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1534 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1535 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1537 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1539 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1540 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1542 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1544 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1545 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1546 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1548 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1550 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1552 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1553 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1554 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1555 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1556 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1557 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1559 # Province Daylight saving time used
1560 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1561 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1562 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1563 # Quebec In the following places:
1567 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1568 # Verdun Loretteville
1569 # Westmount Richmond
1570 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1571 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1573 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1574 # Melbourne La Tuque
1575 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1576 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1577 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1578 # used in the northwesterly part.
1579 # Manitoba Not used.
1580 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1582 # British Columbia Not used.
1584 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1585 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1587 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1588 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1589 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1590 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1591 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1592 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1593 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1594 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1595 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1597 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1598 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1599 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1600 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1601 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1602 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1603 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1604 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1605 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1606 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1607 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1608 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1609 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1610 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1611 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1612 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1613 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1614 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1615 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1616 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1617 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1618 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1619 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1620 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1621 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1622 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1623 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1624 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1626 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1627 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1628 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1629 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1630 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1632 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1633 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1634 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1635 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1636 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1637 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1638 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1639 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1640 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1641 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1642 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1644 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1645 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1646 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1647 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1648 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1649 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1651 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1654 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1655 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1658 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1659 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1660 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1662 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1663 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1664 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1666 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1667 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1668 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1669 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1675 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1676 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1677 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1678 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1679 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1680 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1681 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1682 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1683 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1684 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1685 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1686 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1687 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1689 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1690 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1691 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1692 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1694 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1695 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1696 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1697 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1698 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1699 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1700 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1701 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1702 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1703 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1704 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1705 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1706 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1707 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1708 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1709 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1710 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1711 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1712 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1713 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1714 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1715 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1716 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1717 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1718 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1719 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1720 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1721 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1727 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1728 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1729 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1730 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1731 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1732 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1733 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1734 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1737 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1738 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1739 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1741 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1742 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1743 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1744 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1745 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1746 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1748 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1749 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1750 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1751 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1752 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1754 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1755 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1756 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1757 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1759 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1760 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1761 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1762 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1763 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1764 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1765 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1767 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1768 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1769 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1770 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1771 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1772 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1774 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1775 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1776 # long and rather painful to read.
1777 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1779 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1780 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1781 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1782 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1783 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1784 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1785 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1786 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1787 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1788 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1789 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1790 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1791 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1792 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1793 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1794 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1795 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1796 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1798 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1799 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1800 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1801 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1802 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1803 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1804 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1805 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1807 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1808 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1809 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1810 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1816 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1817 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1818 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1819 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1820 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1821 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1822 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1823 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1824 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1825 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1826 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1827 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1828 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1829 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1830 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1831 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1832 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1833 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1834 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1835 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1842 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1843 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1844 # been like Vancouver.
1845 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1846 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1848 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1850 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1851 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1852 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1853 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1854 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1855 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1857 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1858 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1859 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1860 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1861 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1862 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1863 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1865 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1866 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1867 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1868 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1869 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1870 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1871 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1873 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1874 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1875 # Exact date unknown
1876 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1877 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1878 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1879 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1881 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1882 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1884 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1885 # Creston did not oblige.
1887 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1889 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1890 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1892 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1893 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1894 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1895 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1896 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1897 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1899 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1901 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1902 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1903 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1904 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1905 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1907 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1908 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1909 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1910 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
1911 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1914 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1915 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1917 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1918 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1919 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1920 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1921 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1922 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1923 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1924 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1925 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1926 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1927 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1928 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1929 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1931 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1932 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1933 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1935 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
1936 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
1938 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1939 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
1941 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1942 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1943 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1946 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1948 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1949 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1950 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1951 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1952 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
1953 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1954 # [http://canlii.ca/t/7vhg]
1955 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1956 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1957 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1959 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
1961 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
1962 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
1963 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
1964 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
1965 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
1967 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
1968 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
1969 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
1970 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
1971 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
1972 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
1973 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
1974 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
1975 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
1976 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
1977 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
1979 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
1980 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
1981 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
1982 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
1983 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
1984 # thirty-fifth meridian.
1986 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
1987 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
1988 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
1989 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
1991 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
1992 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
1994 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
1995 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
1997 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
1998 # http://? - no online source found
2000 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2001 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2002 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2003 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2005 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2006 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2008 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2009 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2010 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2011 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2012 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2014 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2015 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2016 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2018 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2019 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2020 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2022 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2025 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2026 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2027 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2028 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2030 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2031 # http://? - no online source found
2033 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2034 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2035 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2037 # In every year between
2038 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2039 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2040 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2041 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2043 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2045 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2046 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2047 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2049 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2050 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2051 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2052 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2053 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2055 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2057 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2059 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2060 # http://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2062 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2063 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2064 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2065 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2067 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2068 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2069 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2071 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2072 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2073 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2074 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2075 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2076 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2078 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2079 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2080 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2082 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2084 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2085 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2087 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2089 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2091 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2092 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2093 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2094 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2095 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2096 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2097 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2098 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2099 # the current state of affairs.
2101 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2102 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2103 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2104 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2105 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2106 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2107 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2109 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2110 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2111 # for these potential new Zones.
2113 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2114 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2115 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2116 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2117 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2118 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2119 # required to use daylight savings.
2121 # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2122 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2123 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2124 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2125 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2126 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2127 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2128 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2129 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2130 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2131 # unified time zone in 1999.
2133 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2134 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2136 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2137 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2139 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2140 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2141 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2142 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2143 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2144 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2145 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2147 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2149 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2151 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2152 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2153 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2154 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2155 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2156 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2157 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2159 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2160 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2161 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2162 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2163 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2165 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2166 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2167 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2168 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2169 # daylight saving....
2170 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2172 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2173 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2174 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2175 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2176 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2178 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2179 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2181 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2182 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2183 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2184 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2185 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2186 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2187 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2188 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2189 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2191 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2192 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2193 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2194 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2195 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2196 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2197 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2199 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2200 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2201 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2202 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2203 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2204 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2206 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2207 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2208 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2209 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2210 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2212 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2214 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2215 # Eastern Standard Time.
2217 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2218 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2219 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2220 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2222 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2224 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2225 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2226 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2227 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2229 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2230 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2231 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2232 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2234 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2235 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2236 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2237 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2238 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2239 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2240 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2241 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2242 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2243 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2244 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2245 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2246 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2247 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2249 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2250 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2251 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2252 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2254 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2255 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2256 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2257 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2260 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2261 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2262 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2263 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2264 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2267 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2268 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2269 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2271 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2272 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2273 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2274 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2275 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2276 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2278 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2279 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2281 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2282 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2283 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2285 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2286 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2287 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2289 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2290 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2291 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2295 ###############################################################################
2299 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2300 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2301 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2302 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2303 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2305 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2306 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2307 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2308 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2309 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2310 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2312 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2313 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2314 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2315 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2316 # the relevant documents.
2318 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2319 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2320 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2322 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2324 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2325 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2327 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2328 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2329 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2330 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2332 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2333 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2338 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2343 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2345 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2346 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2347 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2348 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2349 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2351 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2352 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2353 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2355 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2356 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2357 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2358 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2359 # Arizona year round.
2361 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2362 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2363 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2364 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2365 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2368 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2369 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2371 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2372 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2374 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2375 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2376 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2378 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2379 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2380 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2381 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2382 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2383 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2384 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2385 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2387 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2388 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2389 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2390 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2392 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2394 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2395 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2396 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2397 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2398 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2399 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2400 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2401 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2403 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2405 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2406 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2407 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2408 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2409 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2410 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2411 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2412 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2413 # September 30, 2001.
2414 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2415 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2417 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2418 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2419 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2420 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2421 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2422 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2423 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2424 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2426 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2427 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2428 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2429 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2430 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2432 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2434 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2435 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2436 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2437 # > the United States.
2438 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2439 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2440 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2441 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2444 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2445 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2446 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2448 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2449 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2452 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2454 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2456 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2457 # includes this text:
2458 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2459 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2460 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2461 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2462 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2463 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2464 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2465 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2466 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2467 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2468 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2469 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2470 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2472 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2473 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2475 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2476 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2477 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2478 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2479 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2480 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2482 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2483 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2484 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2485 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2487 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2489 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2490 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2491 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2492 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2493 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2494 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2495 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2496 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2497 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2498 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2499 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2500 # state of Baja California.
2501 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2503 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2504 # longitude they are located at.
2506 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2507 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2508 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2509 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2510 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2511 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2512 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2513 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2514 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2515 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2516 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2517 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2518 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2519 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2520 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2521 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2522 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2523 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2524 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2525 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2526 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2528 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2529 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2530 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2531 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2533 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2534 # This includes the following municipalities:
2535 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2536 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2537 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2538 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2539 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2540 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2542 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2543 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2546 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2548 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2549 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2554 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2555 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2556 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2557 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2558 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2559 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2560 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2561 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2563 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2564 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2565 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2566 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2567 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2568 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2569 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2570 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2571 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2572 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2574 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2575 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2576 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2578 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2579 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2580 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2581 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2582 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2583 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2584 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2586 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2587 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2590 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2591 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2592 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2593 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2594 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2595 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2596 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2597 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2599 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2602 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2603 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2604 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2605 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2608 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2609 # país, a partir de este domingo
2610 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2612 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2614 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2617 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2618 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2619 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2621 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2622 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2624 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2626 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2627 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2630 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2631 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2632 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2633 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2634 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2635 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2636 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2637 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2642 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2643 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2644 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2645 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2646 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2647 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2648 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2649 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2651 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2655 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2657 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2658 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2659 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2660 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2661 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2662 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2663 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2664 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2665 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2670 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2671 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2672 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2674 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2675 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2676 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2677 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2678 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2679 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2680 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2681 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2682 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2683 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2684 # name or contents should be.
2686 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2687 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2688 # have come from a misreading of
2689 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2690 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2696 ###############################################################################
2699 # Antigua and Barbuda
2700 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2704 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2706 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2707 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2708 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2709 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2711 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2712 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2713 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2714 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2715 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2716 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2721 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2723 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2724 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2725 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2726 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2727 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2728 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2729 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2730 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2731 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2735 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2736 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2737 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2738 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2739 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2740 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2741 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2742 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2743 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2744 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2749 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2750 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2752 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2754 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2755 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2756 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2757 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2758 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2760 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2761 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2762 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2763 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2767 # See America/Panama.
2771 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2773 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2774 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2775 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2776 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2777 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2778 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2779 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2780 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2781 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2782 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2783 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2784 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2787 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2791 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2792 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2793 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2794 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2796 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2797 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2798 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2799 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2800 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2801 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2802 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2803 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2804 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2805 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2807 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2808 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2809 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2810 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2812 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2813 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2814 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2815 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2816 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2817 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2818 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2819 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2821 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2822 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2823 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2824 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2826 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2827 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2828 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2829 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2830 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2831 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2832 # to the normal schedule....
2834 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2835 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2836 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2837 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2838 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2840 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2841 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2842 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2844 # He supplied these references:
2846 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2847 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2849 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2850 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2852 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2853 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2855 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2857 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2858 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2859 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2860 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2861 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2862 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2863 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2865 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2866 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2867 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2868 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2870 # Some more background information is posted here:
2871 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2873 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2874 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2875 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2876 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2877 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2878 # change some historic records as well.
2881 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2883 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2884 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2885 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2886 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2888 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2889 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2891 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2892 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2894 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2895 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2896 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2897 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2899 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2902 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2903 # I listened over the Internet to
2904 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2905 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2906 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2907 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2909 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2910 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2911 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2915 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2918 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2920 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2921 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2922 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2924 # One source (Spanish)
2925 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2928 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2930 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2931 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2934 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2935 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2938 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2940 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2941 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2942 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2943 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2944 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2945 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2947 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2948 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2949 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2950 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2951 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2952 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2953 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2954 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2955 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2956 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2957 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2958 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2959 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2960 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2961 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2962 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2963 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2964 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2965 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2966 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2967 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2968 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2969 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2970 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2971 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2972 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2973 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2974 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2975 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2976 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2977 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2978 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2979 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2980 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2981 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2982 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2983 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
2984 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
2985 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2986 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2989 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2990 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2994 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2996 # Dominican Republic
2998 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2999 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3000 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3001 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3003 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3004 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3006 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3007 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3008 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3009 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3010 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3011 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3012 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3013 # decided to revert.
3016 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3017 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
3018 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
3019 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
3020 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
3021 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
3022 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
3023 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3024 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3025 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3026 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
3027 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3028 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3033 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3034 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3035 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3036 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3037 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3038 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3039 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3045 # St Martin (French part)
3046 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3050 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3051 # Diario Co Latino, at
3052 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3053 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3054 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3055 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3056 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3057 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3058 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3059 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3060 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3062 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3063 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3064 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3065 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3066 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3067 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3068 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3069 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3070 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3071 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3072 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3076 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3077 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3078 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3079 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3080 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3082 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3083 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3084 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3085 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3086 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3088 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3089 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3090 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3093 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3095 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3096 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3097 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3098 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3099 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3101 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3102 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3104 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3106 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3107 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3109 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3110 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3111 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3112 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3114 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3115 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3117 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3118 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3119 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3120 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3122 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3123 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3124 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3125 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3127 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3128 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3130 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3131 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3132 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3133 # http://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3134 # http://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3135 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3137 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3138 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3139 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3140 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3141 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3143 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3144 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3145 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3146 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3147 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3148 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3150 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3151 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3155 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3157 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3158 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3159 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3160 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3161 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3162 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3164 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3165 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3166 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3167 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3169 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3170 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3171 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3172 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3174 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3175 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3176 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3177 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3179 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3180 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3181 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3183 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3184 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3185 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3186 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3187 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3188 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3189 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3192 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3195 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3196 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3197 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3199 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3200 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3201 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3202 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3203 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3204 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3205 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3206 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3207 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3210 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3211 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3217 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3218 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3219 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3220 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3221 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3225 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3229 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3231 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3232 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3233 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3234 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3235 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3236 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3237 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3238 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3239 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3241 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3242 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3243 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3245 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3246 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3247 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3248 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3249 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3250 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3251 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3252 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3253 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3254 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3256 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3257 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3258 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3261 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3262 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3263 # (my informal translation)
3264 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3265 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3266 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3268 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3269 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3270 # My informal translation runs:
3271 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3272 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3274 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3275 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3276 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3277 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3278 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3279 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3280 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3281 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3282 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3283 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3284 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3285 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3286 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3287 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3293 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3294 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3295 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3297 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3300 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3301 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3302 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3303 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3309 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3311 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3312 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3313 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3314 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3315 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3316 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3319 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3320 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3324 # From Chris Dunn in
3325 # http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007
3326 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3327 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3328 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3330 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3331 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3332 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3333 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3334 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3335 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3336 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3338 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3339 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3340 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3341 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3342 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3343 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3344 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3345 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3347 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3348 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3349 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3351 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3356 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 10.2.git / blob