1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20171102 p23 FreeBSD-EN-17:09.tzdata
21 Update timezone database information. [EN-17:09]
23 20171017 p22 FreeBSD-SA-17:07.wpa
25 Fix WPA2 protocol vulnerability. [SA-17:07]
27 20170810 p21 FreeBSD-SA-17:06.openssh
29 Fix OpenSSH Denial of Service vulnerability. [SA-17:06]
31 20170712 p20 FreeBSD-SA-17:05.heimdal
32 FreeBSD-EN-17:06.hyperv
34 Fix heimdal KDC-REP service name validation vulnerability [SA-17:05]
36 Boot compatibility improvements with Azure VMs. [EN-17:06]
38 20170427 p19 FreeBSD-SA-17:04.ipfilter
40 Fix ipfilter(4) fragment handling panic. [SA-17:04]
42 20170412 p18 FreeBSD-SA-17:03.ntp
45 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-17:03]
47 Xen migration enhancements. [EN-17:05]
49 20170223 p17 FreeBSD-SA-17:02.openssl
51 Fix OpenSSL RC4_MD5 cipher vulnerability.
53 20170111 p16 FreeBSD-SA-17:01.openssh
55 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSH.
57 20161222 p15 FreeBSD-SA-16:39.ntp
59 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
61 20161208 p14 FreeBSD-SA-16:37.libc [revised]
63 Fix regressions introduced by SA-16:37.libc.
65 20161206 p13 FreeBSD-SA-16:36.telnetd
67 FreeBSD-SA-16:38.bhyve
68 FreeBSD-EN-16:19.tzcode
69 FreeBSD-EN-16:20.tzdata
71 Fix possible login(1) argument injection in telnetd(8). [SA-16:36]
72 Fix link_ntoa(3) buffer overflow in libc. [SA-16:37]
73 Fix possible escape from bhyve(8) virtual machine. [SA-16:38]
74 Fix warnings about valid time zone abbreviations. [EN-16:19]
75 Update timezone database information. [EN-16:20]
77 20161102 p12 FreeBSD-SA-16:33.openssh
78 FreeBSD-SA-16:35.openssl
80 Fix OpenSSH remote Denial of Service vulnerability. [SA-16:33]
82 Fix OpenSSL remote DoS vulnerability. [SA-16:35]
84 20161025 p11 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
87 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
88 Fix virtual memory subsystem bugs. [EN-16:17]
90 20161010 p10 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
91 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
92 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
94 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
96 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
98 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
100 20160926 p9 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
102 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
104 20160923 p8 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
106 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
108 20160811 p7 FreeBSD-EN-16:10.dhclient
109 FreeBSD-EN-16:11.vmbus
110 FreeBSD-EN-16:12.hv_storvsc
111 FreeBSD-EN-16:13.vmbus
112 FreeBSD-EN-16:14.hv_storvsc
113 FreeBSD-EN-16:15.vmbus
114 FreeBSD-EN-16:16.hv_storvsc
116 Fix handling of unknown options from a DHCP server. [EN-16:10]
117 Fix a panic in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:11]
118 Fix missing hotplugged disk in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:12]
119 Fix the timecounter emulation in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:13]
120 Fix callout(9) handling in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:14]
121 Fix memory allocation issues in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:15]
122 Fix SCSI command handling in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:16]
124 20160725 p6 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
125 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
127 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
129 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
130 distribution. [EN-16:09]
132 20160604 p5 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
134 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
136 20160531 p4 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
137 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
138 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
140 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
141 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
142 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
145 20160517 p3 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
146 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
148 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
150 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
152 20160504 p2 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
153 FreeBSD-EN-16:06.libc
157 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
159 Fix performance regression in libc hash(3). [EN-16:06]
161 Fix excessive latency in x86 IPI delivery. [EN-16:07]
163 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
165 20160429 p1 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
167 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
173 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
174 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
177 r292223 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
178 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
179 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
182 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
183 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
184 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
187 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
188 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
189 loader.rc.local instead.
192 NTP has been upgraded to 4.2.8p4.
195 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
196 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
197 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
198 with Kyuafile and kyua.
201 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
202 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
203 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
204 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
206 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
207 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
208 difference with this change.
210 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
211 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
212 remove that workaround.
215 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
216 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
217 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
218 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
224 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
225 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
226 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
228 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
229 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
232 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
233 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
234 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
235 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
238 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
239 entry below has been been committed in revision 284786.
242 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
243 below has been been committed in revision 284485. The work
244 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
245 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
246 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
249 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
250 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
251 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
252 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
253 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
254 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
255 2048 bit DH parameter by:
257 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
258 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
259 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
261 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
262 a file path, create a new file with:
263 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
264 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
265 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
267 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
269 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
273 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
274 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
277 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
278 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
281 At svn r275807, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
282 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
283 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
284 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
285 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
286 their next update cycle.
288 See ports/UPDATING 20141209 and 20141215 on migration to CentOS 6 ports.
291 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
292 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to
299 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
300 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
301 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
302 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
306 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
307 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
308 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
309 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
310 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
311 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
312 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
315 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
316 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
317 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
320 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
321 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
322 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
323 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
324 be removed during a clean upgrade.
327 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
328 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
329 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
332 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
333 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
334 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
337 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
338 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
339 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
340 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
341 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
345 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
346 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
347 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
348 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
349 to do the right thing.
352 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
353 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
354 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
357 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
358 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
359 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
362 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
363 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
364 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
365 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
366 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
369 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
372 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
375 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
376 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
377 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
378 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
379 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
380 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
383 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
384 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
385 kernel is still highly recommended.
388 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
389 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
390 capability mode support in kernel.
393 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
394 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
395 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
396 the nfe(4) driver instead.
402 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
403 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
404 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
405 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
406 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
407 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
408 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
409 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
410 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
413 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
414 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
415 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
416 should change your settings to use the latter.
419 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
420 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
421 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
422 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
423 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
426 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
427 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
428 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
430 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
432 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
435 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
436 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
437 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
438 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
439 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
440 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
442 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
443 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
444 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
445 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
446 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
447 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
449 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
450 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
454 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
455 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
456 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
457 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
459 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
460 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
461 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
462 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
465 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
466 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
467 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
470 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
471 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
472 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
473 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
476 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
477 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
478 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
482 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
483 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
484 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
488 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
489 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
490 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
491 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
492 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
493 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
496 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
497 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
498 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
501 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
502 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
503 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
506 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
507 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
508 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
509 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
510 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
511 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
514 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
515 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
516 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
518 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
519 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
520 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
521 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
522 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
525 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
526 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
527 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
528 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
532 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
533 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
534 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
537 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
539 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
540 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
541 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
542 old as well as the new version of find.
545 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
546 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
547 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
548 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
549 subdirectories must be reviewed.
552 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
553 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
554 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
556 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
558 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
559 users are advised to upgrade.
562 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
563 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
566 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
567 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
568 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
571 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
572 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
573 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
574 write access to that file.
577 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
578 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
581 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
583 make: illegal option -- J
584 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
586 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
588 this likely due to an old instance of make in
589 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
590 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
591 you see the above error:
593 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
598 Use bmake by default.
599 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
600 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
601 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
603 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
604 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
605 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
606 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
607 behavior in parallel build.
610 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
613 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
614 the IDEA patent expired.
617 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
618 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
622 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
623 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
624 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
625 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
626 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
627 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
628 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
632 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
633 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
634 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
635 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
639 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
640 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
641 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
642 binaries will not work on older kernels.
645 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
646 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
649 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
650 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
651 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
652 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
655 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
656 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
657 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
658 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
659 in /boot/loader.conf.
662 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
663 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
664 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
665 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
666 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
669 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
670 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
672 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
673 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
676 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
677 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
678 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
679 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
680 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
683 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
684 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
685 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
686 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
687 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
691 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
692 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
693 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
694 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
695 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
696 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
697 use is expected to be extremely rare.
700 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
701 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
702 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
705 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
706 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
707 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
711 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
712 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
713 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
718 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
719 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
720 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
723 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
724 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
725 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
726 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
727 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
728 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
731 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
732 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
733 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
734 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
735 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
736 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
737 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
741 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
742 functionality now turned on by default.
745 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
746 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
747 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
748 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
749 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
750 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
751 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
752 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
753 of the two kernel options.
756 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
757 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
758 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
759 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
762 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
763 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
767 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
768 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
769 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
772 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
773 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
774 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
775 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
776 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
779 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
780 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
781 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
782 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
785 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
788 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
789 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
790 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
794 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
795 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
799 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
800 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
801 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
804 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
805 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
806 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
807 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
808 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
812 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
813 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
816 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
817 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
818 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
819 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
823 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
824 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
825 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
828 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
829 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
830 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
833 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
834 with other variables:
835 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
836 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
839 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
840 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
841 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
842 installed as "bsdsort".
845 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
846 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
847 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
848 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
849 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
850 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
851 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
852 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
853 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
856 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
857 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
858 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
859 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
860 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
861 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
865 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
866 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
867 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
868 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
869 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
870 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
871 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
874 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
878 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
879 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
880 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
881 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
882 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
883 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
886 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
887 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
888 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
889 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
893 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
894 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
895 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
896 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
898 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
899 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
902 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
903 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
904 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
906 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
909 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
910 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
911 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
912 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
913 not supported anymore.
915 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
916 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
917 need to be recompiled.
920 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
924 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
925 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
926 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
930 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
931 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
934 sysinstall has been removed
937 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
938 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
941 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
942 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
943 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
944 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
945 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
946 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
947 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
948 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
949 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
950 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
953 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
954 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
955 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
956 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
959 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
960 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
961 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
962 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
964 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
965 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
966 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
969 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
970 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
971 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
972 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
975 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
977 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
978 The following sysctl is retired:
979 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
980 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
981 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
982 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
983 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
984 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
985 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
986 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
987 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
988 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
992 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
996 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
997 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
998 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
1002 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
1005 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
1006 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1007 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1008 drivers need to be recompiled.
1010 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1011 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1012 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1013 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1017 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1018 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1021 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1022 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1023 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1024 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1025 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1026 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1027 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1028 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1029 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1030 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1031 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1033 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1035 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1036 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1039 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1040 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1041 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1042 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1043 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1044 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1045 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1046 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1047 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1048 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1049 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1050 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1052 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1053 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1054 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1055 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1056 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1057 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1058 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1059 them are parts of the cam module.
1061 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1062 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1063 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1065 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1066 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1067 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1072 , and instead add back:
1073 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1074 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1075 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1076 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1077 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1080 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1081 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1082 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1083 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1084 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1085 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1088 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1089 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1090 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1093 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1094 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1095 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1096 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1097 in order to use ath on everything else.
1099 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1100 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1103 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1104 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1105 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1108 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1109 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1110 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1111 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1112 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1113 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1116 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1117 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1118 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1119 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1120 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1122 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1123 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1126 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1127 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1128 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1129 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1130 The function remains undocumented.
1133 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1134 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1135 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1136 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1137 systems where the define is not present can check against
1138 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1140 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1141 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1142 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1143 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1144 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1145 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1148 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1149 the following warning:
1150 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1151 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1152 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1153 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1154 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1155 install it on your system.
1157 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1158 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1159 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1160 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1163 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1164 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1165 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1166 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1170 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1171 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1172 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1173 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1174 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1175 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1176 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1177 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1178 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1179 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1180 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1181 it, for example via:
1182 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1184 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1185 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1186 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1187 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1188 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1189 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1190 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1192 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1193 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1196 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1197 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1198 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1199 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1200 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1203 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1204 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1205 migrate local entries to the new format.
1208 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1209 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1213 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1214 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1215 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1216 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1217 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1218 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1221 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1222 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1224 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1225 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1226 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1229 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1230 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1231 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1232 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1233 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1235 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1236 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1237 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1240 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1241 now i386 and amd64 only.
1242 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1243 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1244 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1245 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1246 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1247 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1250 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1251 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1254 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1255 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1256 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1257 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1258 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1259 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1260 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1261 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1262 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1263 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1264 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1267 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1268 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1269 machine powerpc powerpc
1271 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1275 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1276 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1277 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1278 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1279 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1282 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1283 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1284 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1285 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1286 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1289 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1290 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1291 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1292 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1294 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1295 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1296 to unwanted behavior.
1299 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1300 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1301 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1302 be modified accordingly.
1305 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1306 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1307 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1308 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1309 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1310 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1312 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1313 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1314 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1317 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1318 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1319 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1320 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1321 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1324 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1325 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1326 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1329 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1330 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1331 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1332 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1333 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1335 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1336 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1337 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1339 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1345 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1346 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1347 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1348 operation of applications on the console.
1350 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1351 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1352 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1355 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1356 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1357 performed by syscons(4).
1360 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1361 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1362 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1364 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1365 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1369 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1370 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1371 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1372 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1373 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1377 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1378 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1380 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1381 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1382 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1384 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1385 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1387 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1390 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1391 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1393 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1394 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1395 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1397 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1398 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1399 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1400 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1401 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1402 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1403 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1404 using ifconfig(8) like:
1406 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1408 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1411 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1413 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1414 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1415 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1416 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1417 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1420 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1421 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1424 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1425 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1426 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1427 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1428 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1429 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1432 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1433 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1436 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1437 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1438 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1442 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1443 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1444 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1447 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1448 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1451 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1452 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1453 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1456 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1457 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1458 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1461 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1462 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1463 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1464 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1465 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1468 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1469 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1470 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1471 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1472 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1475 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1476 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1477 may need to be adjusted.
1480 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1481 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1482 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1483 with routing sockets.
1486 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1487 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1488 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1491 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1492 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1493 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1497 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1498 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1499 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1502 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1503 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1504 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1505 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1506 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1507 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1508 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1509 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1511 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1512 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1513 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1514 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1515 authentication method is used.
1518 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1519 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1520 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1521 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1522 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1525 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1526 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1529 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1533 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1534 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1537 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1538 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1541 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1542 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1546 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1547 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1549 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1552 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1556 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1557 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1560 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1562 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1565 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1566 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1567 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1568 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1569 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1570 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1573 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1574 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1577 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1579 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1582 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1583 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1586 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1587 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1590 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1591 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1592 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1593 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1594 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1597 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1598 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1599 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1600 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1601 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1602 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1605 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1606 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1607 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1608 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1610 For kernel developers:
1612 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1613 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1614 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1616 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1617 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1618 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1619 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1621 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1622 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1623 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1624 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1625 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1626 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1627 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1628 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1629 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1630 multicast membership on-link.
1631 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1632 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1633 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1635 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1636 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1638 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1639 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1642 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1643 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1644 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1645 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1647 For application developers:
1649 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1652 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1653 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1655 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1656 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1657 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1658 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1660 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1661 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1662 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1663 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1664 Multicast Source Filters'.
1666 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1668 For systems administrators:
1670 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1671 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1672 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1673 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1674 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1676 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1677 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1679 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1680 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1681 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1682 recommended for optimal system performance.
1684 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1685 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1686 back forwarded datagrams.
1688 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1691 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1692 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1695 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1696 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1697 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1698 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1701 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1702 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1703 state will require a world rebuild.
1704 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1707 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1708 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1709 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1712 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1713 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1714 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1715 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1717 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1720 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1721 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1722 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1723 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1724 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1725 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1726 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1727 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1730 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1731 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1732 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1735 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1736 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1737 introduces some changes:
1739 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1740 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1741 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1743 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1744 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1745 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1746 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1748 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1749 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1750 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1753 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1756 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1757 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1758 (supported by sane).
1761 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1762 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1763 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1764 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1765 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1768 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1769 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1770 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1771 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1775 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1776 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1777 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1778 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1781 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1782 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1785 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1786 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1788 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1789 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1790 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1792 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1793 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1794 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1795 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1796 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1797 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1798 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1799 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1801 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1802 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1803 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1804 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1805 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1806 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1808 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1809 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1810 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1811 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1812 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1814 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1815 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1816 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1819 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1820 recompiled to reflect this.
1821 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1824 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1825 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1826 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1827 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1828 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1829 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1832 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1833 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1834 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1835 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1836 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1837 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1840 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1841 network device driver modules.
1844 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1845 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1848 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1849 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1850 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1851 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1852 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1856 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1857 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1858 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1862 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1863 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1865 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1866 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1867 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1870 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1871 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1872 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1873 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1874 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1875 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1877 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1878 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1880 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1881 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1884 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1885 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1886 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1889 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1890 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1891 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1892 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1896 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1897 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1900 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1901 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1902 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1903 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1904 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1905 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1908 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1909 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1910 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1911 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1914 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1915 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1916 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1917 in next mpd5.3 release.
1920 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1921 the base system (it was a port).
1924 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1925 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1928 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1929 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1930 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1931 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1932 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1933 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1934 none of the L2 information.
1937 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1938 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1940 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1942 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1946 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1947 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1948 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1949 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1952 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1953 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1954 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1955 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1956 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1960 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1961 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1962 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1963 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1966 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1969 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1970 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1971 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1972 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1973 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1979 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1980 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1984 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1985 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1986 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1987 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1988 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1989 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1990 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1993 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1994 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1995 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1996 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1997 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
2000 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
2006 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2008 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2009 cause compilation to fail.
2012 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2015 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2017 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2018 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2019 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2020 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2021 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2022 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2023 accepting the RSA key.
2025 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2026 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2029 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2030 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2031 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2035 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2036 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2037 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2039 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2040 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2041 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2042 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2043 use the new device names.
2045 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2046 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2047 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2048 at the loader prompt:
2050 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2051 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2052 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2053 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2057 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2061 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2062 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2063 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2064 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2067 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2068 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2071 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2072 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2073 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2074 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2075 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2078 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2079 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2080 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2081 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2082 For example, change:
2083 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2086 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2087 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2088 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2089 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2091 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2092 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2093 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2096 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2097 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2098 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2099 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2100 other operation levels.
2103 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2104 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2105 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2106 compatibility with any prior release:
2108 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2109 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2110 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2113 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2114 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2115 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2116 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2117 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2121 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2122 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2123 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2124 with older hardware easier to do.
2127 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2128 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2131 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2132 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2133 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2137 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2141 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2142 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2143 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2144 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2145 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2146 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2147 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2148 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2149 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2150 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2151 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2152 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2155 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2156 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2157 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2160 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2161 functionality is the default now.
2164 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2165 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2166 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2167 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2168 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2170 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2171 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2172 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2175 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2176 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2177 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2178 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2179 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2180 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2181 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2182 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2183 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2184 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2188 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2189 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2190 used kproc_start()..
2191 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2192 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2193 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2202 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2203 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2204 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2205 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2206 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2207 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2208 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2210 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2211 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2212 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2213 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2214 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2216 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2217 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2218 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2219 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2220 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2222 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2223 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2224 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2225 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2229 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2232 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2233 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2235 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2237 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2238 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2239 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2241 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2245 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2246 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2247 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2249 make kernel-toolchain
2250 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2251 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2253 To test a kernel once
2254 ---------------------
2255 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2256 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2257 debugging information) run
2258 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2259 nextboot -k testkernel
2261 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2262 --------------------------------------------------------------
2263 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2264 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2265 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2267 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2268 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2269 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2274 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2276 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2277 -----------------------------------------------------------
2278 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2279 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2281 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2283 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2285 <reboot in single user> [3]
2292 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2293 --------------------------------------------------
2294 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2295 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2296 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2299 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2302 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2303 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2304 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2305 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2306 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2307 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2308 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2309 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2310 <reboot into current>
2311 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2312 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2316 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2317 ----------------------------------------------
2318 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2320 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2322 <reboot in single user> [3]
2329 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2330 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2331 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2332 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2333 the UPDATING entries.
2335 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2336 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2337 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2338 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2339 much fewer pitfalls.
2341 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2342 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2345 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2350 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2351 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2352 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2354 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2355 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2356 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2357 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2358 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2359 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2360 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2362 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2363 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2364 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2365 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2366 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2367 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2369 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2370 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2371 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2373 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2374 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2375 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2376 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2377 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2378 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2380 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2381 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2383 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2384 cvs prune empty directories.
2386 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2387 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2388 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2390 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2391 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2392 warn if it is improperly defined.
2395 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2396 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2397 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2398 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2399 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2401 Copyright information:
2403 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2405 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2406 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2407 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2409 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2410 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2411 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2412 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2413 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2414 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2415 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2416 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2417 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2418 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2419 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2421 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of