1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20170712 p20 FreeBSD-SA-17:05.heimdal
20 FreeBSD-EN-17:06.hyperv
22 Fix heimdal KDC-REP service name validation vulnerability [SA-17:05]
24 Boot compatibility improvements with Azure VMs. [EN-17:06]
26 20170427 p19 FreeBSD-SA-17:04.ipfilter
28 Fix ipfilter(4) fragment handling panic. [SA-17:04]
30 20170412 p18 FreeBSD-SA-17:03.ntp
33 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-17:03]
35 Xen migration enhancements. [EN-17:05]
37 20170223 p17 FreeBSD-SA-17:02.openssl
39 Fix OpenSSL RC4_MD5 cipher vulnerability.
41 20170111 p16 FreeBSD-SA-17:01.openssh
43 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSH.
45 20161222 p15 FreeBSD-SA-16:39.ntp
47 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
49 20161208 p14 FreeBSD-SA-16:37.libc [revised]
51 Fix regressions introduced by SA-16:37.libc.
53 20161206 p13 FreeBSD-SA-16:36.telnetd
55 FreeBSD-SA-16:38.bhyve
56 FreeBSD-EN-16:19.tzcode
57 FreeBSD-EN-16:20.tzdata
59 Fix possible login(1) argument injection in telnetd(8). [SA-16:36]
60 Fix link_ntoa(3) buffer overflow in libc. [SA-16:37]
61 Fix possible escape from bhyve(8) virtual machine. [SA-16:38]
62 Fix warnings about valid time zone abbreviations. [EN-16:19]
63 Update timezone database information. [EN-16:20]
65 20161102 p12 FreeBSD-SA-16:33.openssh
66 FreeBSD-SA-16:35.openssl
68 Fix OpenSSH remote Denial of Service vulnerability. [SA-16:33]
70 Fix OpenSSL remote DoS vulnerability. [SA-16:35]
72 20161025 p11 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
75 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
76 Fix virtual memory subsystem bugs. [EN-16:17]
78 20161010 p10 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
79 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
80 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
82 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
84 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
86 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
88 20160926 p9 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
90 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
92 20160923 p8 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
94 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
96 20160811 p7 FreeBSD-EN-16:10.dhclient
97 FreeBSD-EN-16:11.vmbus
98 FreeBSD-EN-16:12.hv_storvsc
99 FreeBSD-EN-16:13.vmbus
100 FreeBSD-EN-16:14.hv_storvsc
101 FreeBSD-EN-16:15.vmbus
102 FreeBSD-EN-16:16.hv_storvsc
104 Fix handling of unknown options from a DHCP server. [EN-16:10]
105 Fix a panic in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:11]
106 Fix missing hotplugged disk in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:12]
107 Fix the timecounter emulation in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:13]
108 Fix callout(9) handling in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:14]
109 Fix memory allocation issues in hv_vmbus(4). [EN-16:15]
110 Fix SCSI command handling in hv_storvsc(4). [EN-16:16]
112 20160725 p6 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
113 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
115 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
117 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
118 distribution. [EN-16:09]
120 20160604 p5 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
122 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
124 20160531 p4 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
125 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
126 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
128 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
129 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
130 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
133 20160517 p3 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
134 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
136 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
138 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
140 20160504 p2 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
141 FreeBSD-EN-16:06.libc
145 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
147 Fix performance regression in libc hash(3). [EN-16:06]
149 Fix excessive latency in x86 IPI delivery. [EN-16:07]
151 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
153 20160429 p1 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
155 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
161 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
162 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
165 r292223 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
166 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
167 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
170 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
171 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
172 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
175 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
176 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
177 loader.rc.local instead.
180 NTP has been upgraded to 4.2.8p4.
183 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
184 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
185 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
186 with Kyuafile and kyua.
189 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
190 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
191 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
192 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
194 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
195 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
196 difference with this change.
198 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
199 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
200 remove that workaround.
203 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
204 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
205 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
206 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
212 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
213 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
214 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
216 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
217 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
220 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
221 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
222 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
223 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
226 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
227 entry below has been been committed in revision 284786.
230 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
231 below has been been committed in revision 284485. The work
232 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
233 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
234 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
237 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
238 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
239 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
240 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
241 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
242 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
243 2048 bit DH parameter by:
245 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
246 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
247 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
249 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
250 a file path, create a new file with:
251 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
252 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
253 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
255 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
257 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
261 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
262 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
265 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
266 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
269 At svn r275807, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
270 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
271 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
272 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
273 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
274 their next update cycle.
276 See ports/UPDATING 20141209 and 20141215 on migration to CentOS 6 ports.
279 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
280 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to
287 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
288 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
289 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
290 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
294 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
295 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
296 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
297 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
298 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
299 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
300 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
303 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
304 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
305 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
308 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
309 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
310 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
311 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
312 be removed during a clean upgrade.
315 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
316 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
317 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
320 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
321 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
322 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
325 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
326 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
327 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
328 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
329 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
333 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
334 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
335 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
336 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
337 to do the right thing.
340 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
341 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
342 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
345 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
346 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
347 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
350 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
351 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
352 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
353 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
354 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
357 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
360 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
363 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
364 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
365 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
366 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
367 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
368 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
371 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
372 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
373 kernel is still highly recommended.
376 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
377 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
378 capability mode support in kernel.
381 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
382 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
383 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
384 the nfe(4) driver instead.
390 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
391 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
392 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
393 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
394 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
395 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
396 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
397 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
398 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
401 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
402 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
403 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
404 should change your settings to use the latter.
407 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
408 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
409 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
410 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
411 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
414 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
415 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
416 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
418 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
420 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
423 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
424 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
425 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
426 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
427 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
428 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
430 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
431 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
432 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
433 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
434 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
435 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
437 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
438 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
442 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
443 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
444 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
445 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
447 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
448 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
449 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
450 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
453 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
454 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
455 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
458 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
459 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
460 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
461 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
464 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
465 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
466 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
470 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
471 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
472 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
476 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
477 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
478 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
479 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
480 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
481 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
484 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
485 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
486 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
489 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
490 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
491 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
494 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
495 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
496 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
497 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
498 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
499 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
502 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
503 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
504 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
506 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
507 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
508 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
509 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
510 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
513 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
514 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
515 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
516 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
520 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
521 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
522 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
525 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
527 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
528 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
529 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
530 old as well as the new version of find.
533 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
534 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
535 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
536 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
537 subdirectories must be reviewed.
540 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
541 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
542 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
544 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
546 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
547 users are advised to upgrade.
550 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
551 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
554 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
555 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
556 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
559 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
560 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
561 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
562 write access to that file.
565 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
566 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
569 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
571 make: illegal option -- J
572 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
574 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
576 this likely due to an old instance of make in
577 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
578 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
579 you see the above error:
581 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
586 Use bmake by default.
587 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
588 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
589 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
591 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
592 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
593 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
594 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
595 behavior in parallel build.
598 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
601 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
602 the IDEA patent expired.
605 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
606 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
610 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
611 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
612 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
613 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
614 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
615 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
616 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
620 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
621 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
622 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
623 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
627 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
628 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
629 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
630 binaries will not work on older kernels.
633 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
634 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
637 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
638 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
639 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
640 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
643 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
644 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
645 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
646 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
647 in /boot/loader.conf.
650 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
651 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
652 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
653 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
654 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
657 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
658 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
660 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
661 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
664 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
665 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
666 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
667 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
668 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
671 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
672 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
673 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
674 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
675 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
679 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
680 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
681 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
682 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
683 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
684 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
685 use is expected to be extremely rare.
688 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
689 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
690 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
693 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
694 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
695 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
699 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
700 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
701 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
706 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
707 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
708 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
711 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
712 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
713 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
714 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
715 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
716 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
719 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
720 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
721 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
722 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
723 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
724 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
725 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
729 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
730 functionality now turned on by default.
733 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
734 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
735 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
736 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
737 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
738 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
739 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
740 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
741 of the two kernel options.
744 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
745 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
746 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
747 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
750 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
751 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
755 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
756 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
757 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
760 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
761 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
762 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
763 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
764 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
767 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
768 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
769 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
770 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
773 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
776 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
777 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
778 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
782 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
783 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
787 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
788 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
789 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
792 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
793 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
794 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
795 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
796 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
800 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
801 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
804 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
805 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
806 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
807 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
811 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
812 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
813 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
816 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
817 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
818 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
821 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
822 with other variables:
823 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
824 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
827 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
828 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
829 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
830 installed as "bsdsort".
833 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
834 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
835 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
836 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
837 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
838 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
839 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
840 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
841 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
844 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
845 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
846 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
847 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
848 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
849 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
853 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
854 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
855 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
856 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
857 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
858 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
859 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
862 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
866 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
867 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
868 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
869 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
870 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
871 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
874 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
875 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
876 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
877 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
881 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
882 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
883 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
884 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
886 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
887 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
890 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
891 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
892 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
894 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
897 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
898 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
899 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
900 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
901 not supported anymore.
903 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
904 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
905 need to be recompiled.
908 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
912 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
913 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
914 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
918 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
919 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
922 sysinstall has been removed
925 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
926 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
929 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
930 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
931 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
932 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
933 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
934 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
935 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
936 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
937 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
938 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
941 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
942 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
943 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
944 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
947 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
948 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
949 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
950 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
952 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
953 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
954 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
957 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
958 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
959 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
960 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
963 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
965 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
966 The following sysctl is retired:
967 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
968 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
969 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
970 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
971 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
972 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
973 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
974 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
975 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
976 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
980 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
984 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
985 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
986 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
990 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
993 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
994 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
995 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
996 drivers need to be recompiled.
998 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
999 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1000 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1001 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1005 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1006 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1009 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1010 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1011 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1012 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1013 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1014 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1015 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1016 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1017 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1018 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1019 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1021 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1023 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1024 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1027 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1028 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1029 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1030 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1031 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1032 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1033 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1034 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1035 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1036 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1037 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1038 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1040 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1041 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1042 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1043 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1044 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1045 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1046 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1047 them are parts of the cam module.
1049 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1050 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1051 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1053 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1054 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1055 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1060 , and instead add back:
1061 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1062 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1063 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1064 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1065 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1068 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1069 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1070 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1071 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1072 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1073 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1076 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1077 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1078 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1081 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1082 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1083 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1084 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1085 in order to use ath on everything else.
1087 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1088 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1091 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1092 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1093 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1096 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1097 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1098 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1099 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1100 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1101 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1104 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1105 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1106 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1107 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1108 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1110 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1111 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1114 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1115 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1116 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1117 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1118 The function remains undocumented.
1121 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1122 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1123 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1124 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1125 systems where the define is not present can check against
1126 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1128 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1129 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1130 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1131 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1132 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1133 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1136 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1137 the following warning:
1138 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1139 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1140 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1141 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1142 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1143 install it on your system.
1145 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1146 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1147 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1148 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1151 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1152 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1153 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1154 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1158 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1159 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1160 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1161 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1162 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1163 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1164 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1165 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1166 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1167 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1168 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1169 it, for example via:
1170 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1172 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1173 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1174 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1175 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1176 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1177 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1178 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1180 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1181 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1184 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1185 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1186 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1187 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1188 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1191 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1192 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1193 migrate local entries to the new format.
1196 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1197 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1201 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1202 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1203 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1204 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1205 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1206 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1209 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1210 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1212 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1213 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1214 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1217 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1218 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1219 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1220 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1221 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1223 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1224 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1225 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1228 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1229 now i386 and amd64 only.
1230 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1231 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1232 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1233 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1234 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1235 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1238 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1239 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1242 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1243 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1244 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1245 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1246 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1247 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1248 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1249 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1250 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1251 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1252 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1255 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1256 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1257 machine powerpc powerpc
1259 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1263 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1264 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1265 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1266 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1267 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1270 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1271 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1272 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1273 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1274 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1277 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1278 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1279 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1280 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1282 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1283 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1284 to unwanted behavior.
1287 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1288 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1289 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1290 be modified accordingly.
1293 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1294 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1295 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1296 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1297 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1298 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1300 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1301 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1302 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1305 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1306 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1307 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1308 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1309 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1312 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1313 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1314 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1317 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1318 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1319 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1320 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1321 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1323 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1324 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1325 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1327 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1333 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1334 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1335 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1336 operation of applications on the console.
1338 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1339 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1340 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1343 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1344 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1345 performed by syscons(4).
1348 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1349 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1350 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1352 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1353 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1357 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1358 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1359 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1360 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1361 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1365 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1366 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1368 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1369 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1370 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1372 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1373 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1375 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1378 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1379 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1381 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1382 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1383 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1385 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1386 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1387 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1388 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1389 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1390 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1391 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1392 using ifconfig(8) like:
1394 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1396 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1399 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1401 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1402 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1403 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1404 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1405 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1408 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1409 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1412 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1413 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1414 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1415 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1416 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1417 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1420 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1421 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1424 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1425 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1426 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1430 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1431 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1432 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1435 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1436 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1439 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1440 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1441 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1444 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1445 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1446 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1449 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1450 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1451 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1452 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1453 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1456 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1457 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1458 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1459 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1460 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1463 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1464 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1465 may need to be adjusted.
1468 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1469 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1470 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1471 with routing sockets.
1474 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1475 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1476 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1479 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1480 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1481 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1485 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1486 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1487 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1490 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1491 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1492 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1493 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1494 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1495 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1496 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1497 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1499 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1500 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1501 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1502 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1503 authentication method is used.
1506 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1507 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1508 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1509 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1510 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1513 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1514 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1517 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1521 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1522 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1525 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1526 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1529 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1530 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1534 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1535 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1537 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1540 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1544 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1545 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1548 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1550 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1553 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1554 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1555 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1556 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1557 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1558 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1561 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1562 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1565 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1567 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1570 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1571 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1574 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1575 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1578 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1579 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1580 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1581 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1582 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1585 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1586 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1587 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1588 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1589 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1590 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1593 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1594 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1595 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1596 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1598 For kernel developers:
1600 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1601 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1602 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1604 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1605 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1606 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1607 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1609 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1610 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1611 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1612 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1613 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1614 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1615 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1616 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1617 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1618 multicast membership on-link.
1619 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1620 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1621 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1623 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1624 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1626 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1627 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1630 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1631 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1632 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1633 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1635 For application developers:
1637 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1640 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1641 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1643 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1644 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1645 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1646 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1648 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1649 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1650 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1651 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1652 Multicast Source Filters'.
1654 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1656 For systems administrators:
1658 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1659 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1660 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1661 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1662 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1664 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1665 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1667 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1668 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1669 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1670 recommended for optimal system performance.
1672 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1673 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1674 back forwarded datagrams.
1676 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1679 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1680 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1683 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1684 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1685 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1686 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1689 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1690 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1691 state will require a world rebuild.
1692 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1695 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1696 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1697 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1700 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1701 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1702 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1703 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1705 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1708 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1709 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1710 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1711 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1712 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1713 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1714 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1715 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1718 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1719 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1720 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1723 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1724 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1725 introduces some changes:
1727 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1728 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1729 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1731 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1732 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1733 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1734 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1736 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1737 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1738 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1741 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1744 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1745 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1746 (supported by sane).
1749 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1750 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1751 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1752 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1753 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1756 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1757 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1758 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1759 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1763 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1764 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1765 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1766 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1769 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1770 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1773 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1774 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1776 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1777 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1778 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1780 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1781 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1782 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1783 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1784 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1785 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1786 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1787 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1789 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1790 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1791 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1792 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1793 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1794 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1796 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1797 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1798 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1799 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1800 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1802 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1803 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1804 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1807 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1808 recompiled to reflect this.
1809 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1812 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1813 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1814 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1815 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1816 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1817 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1820 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1821 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1822 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1823 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1824 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1825 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1828 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1829 network device driver modules.
1832 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1833 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1836 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1837 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1838 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1839 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1840 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1844 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1845 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1846 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1850 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1851 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1853 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1854 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1855 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1858 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1859 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1860 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1861 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1862 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1863 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1865 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1866 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1868 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1869 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1872 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1873 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1874 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1877 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1878 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1879 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1880 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1884 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1885 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1888 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1889 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1890 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1891 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1892 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1893 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1896 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1897 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1898 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1899 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1902 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1903 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1904 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1905 in next mpd5.3 release.
1908 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1909 the base system (it was a port).
1912 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1913 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1916 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1917 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1918 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1919 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1920 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1921 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1922 none of the L2 information.
1925 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1926 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1928 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1930 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1934 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1935 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1936 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1937 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1940 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1941 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1942 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1943 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1944 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1948 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1949 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1950 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1951 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1954 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1957 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1958 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1959 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1960 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1961 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1967 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1968 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1972 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1973 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1974 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1975 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1976 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1977 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1978 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1981 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1982 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1983 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1984 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1985 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1988 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1994 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1996 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1997 cause compilation to fail.
2000 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2003 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2005 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2006 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2007 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2008 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2009 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2010 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2011 accepting the RSA key.
2013 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2014 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2017 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2018 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2019 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2023 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2024 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2025 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2027 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2028 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2029 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2030 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2031 use the new device names.
2033 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2034 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2035 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2036 at the loader prompt:
2038 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2039 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2040 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2041 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2045 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2049 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2050 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2051 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2052 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2055 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2056 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2059 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2060 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2061 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2062 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2063 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2066 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2067 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2068 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2069 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2070 For example, change:
2071 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2074 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2075 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2076 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2077 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2079 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2080 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2081 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2084 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2085 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2086 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2087 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2088 other operation levels.
2091 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2092 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2093 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2094 compatibility with any prior release:
2096 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2097 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2098 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2101 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2102 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2103 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2104 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2105 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2109 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2110 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2111 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2112 with older hardware easier to do.
2115 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2116 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2119 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2120 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2121 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2125 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2129 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2130 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2131 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2132 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2133 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2134 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2135 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2136 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2137 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2138 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2139 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2140 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2143 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2144 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2145 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2148 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2149 functionality is the default now.
2152 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2153 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2154 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2155 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2156 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2158 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2159 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2160 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2163 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2164 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2165 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2166 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2167 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2168 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2169 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2170 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2171 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2172 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2176 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2177 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2178 used kproc_start()..
2179 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2180 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2181 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2190 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2191 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2192 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2193 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2194 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2195 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2196 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2198 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2199 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2200 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2201 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2202 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2204 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2205 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2206 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2207 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2208 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2210 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2211 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2212 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2213 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2217 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2220 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2221 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2223 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2225 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2226 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2227 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2229 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2233 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2234 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2235 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2237 make kernel-toolchain
2238 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2239 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2241 To test a kernel once
2242 ---------------------
2243 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2244 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2245 debugging information) run
2246 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2247 nextboot -k testkernel
2249 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2250 --------------------------------------------------------------
2251 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2252 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2253 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2255 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2256 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2257 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2262 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2264 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2265 -----------------------------------------------------------
2266 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2267 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2269 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2271 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2273 <reboot in single user> [3]
2280 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2281 --------------------------------------------------
2282 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2283 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2284 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2287 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2290 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2291 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2292 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2293 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2294 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2295 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2296 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2297 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2298 <reboot into current>
2299 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2300 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2304 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2305 ----------------------------------------------
2306 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2308 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2310 <reboot in single user> [3]
2317 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2318 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2319 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2320 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2321 the UPDATING entries.
2323 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2324 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2325 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2326 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2327 much fewer pitfalls.
2329 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2330 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2333 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2338 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2339 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2340 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2342 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2343 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2344 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2345 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2346 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2347 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2348 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2350 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2351 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2352 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2353 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2354 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2355 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2357 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2358 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2359 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2361 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2362 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2363 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2364 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2365 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2366 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2368 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2369 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2371 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2372 cvs prune empty directories.
2374 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2375 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2376 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2378 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2379 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2380 warn if it is improperly defined.
2383 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2384 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2385 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2386 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2387 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2389 Copyright information:
2391 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2393 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2394 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2395 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2397 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2398 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2399 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2400 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2401 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2402 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2403 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2404 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2405 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2406 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2407 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2409 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of