1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 20120618: p12 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
20 Correct patch for FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret.
22 20120612: p11 FreeBSD-SA-12:03.bind
23 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
24 FreeBSD-EN-12:02.ipv6refcount
25 Fix a problem where zero-length RDATA fields can cause named to crash.
28 Correct a privilege escalation when returning from kernel if
29 running FreeBSD/amd64 on non-AMD processors. [12:04]
31 Fix reference count errors in IPv6 code. [EN-12:02]
33 20120530: p10 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl (revised),
34 FreeBSD-SA-12:02.crypt
35 Update the previous openssl fix. [12:01]
37 Fix a bug in crypt(3) ignoring characters of a passphrase. [12:02]
39 20120503: p9 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
40 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
42 20120104: p8 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
43 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
44 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
46 20111223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
47 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
49 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
52 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
53 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
55 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
57 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
60 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
62 20111004: p6 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
63 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
64 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
66 20110928: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
67 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
69 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
71 20110528: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
72 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
75 20110420: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
76 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
78 20101129: p2 FreeBSD-SA-10:10.openssl
79 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities.
81 20100920: p1 FreeBSD-SA-10:08.bzip2
82 Fix an integer overflow in RLE length parsing when decompressing
88 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
89 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
90 to an mbuf external buffer.
93 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
94 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
95 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
96 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
97 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
98 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
99 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
100 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
104 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
105 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
106 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
107 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
108 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
110 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
111 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
112 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
114 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
117 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
118 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
119 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
120 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
123 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
124 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
125 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
126 be modified accordingly.
129 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
130 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
131 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
137 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
138 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
141 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
142 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
145 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
146 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
147 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
154 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
155 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
156 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
159 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
160 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
161 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
164 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
165 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
166 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
167 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
168 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
171 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
172 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
173 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
174 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
175 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
178 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
179 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
180 configurations may need to be adjusted.
183 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
184 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
185 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
186 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
189 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
190 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
191 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
192 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
195 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
196 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
197 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
198 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
201 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
202 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
203 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
206 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
207 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
208 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
209 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
210 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
211 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
212 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
213 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
214 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
216 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
217 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
218 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
219 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
220 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
223 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
224 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
225 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
226 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
227 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
230 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
231 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
235 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
239 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
240 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
241 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
244 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
245 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
248 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
249 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
253 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
254 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
259 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
263 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
264 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
267 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
269 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
272 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
273 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
274 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
275 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
276 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
277 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
280 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
281 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
284 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
289 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
290 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
291 data to /etc/localtime.
294 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
295 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
298 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
299 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
300 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
301 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
302 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
303 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
306 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
307 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
308 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
309 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
310 correctly checking networking state from userland.
311 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
314 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
315 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
316 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
317 follows the IPv4 implementation.
319 For kernel developers:
321 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
322 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
323 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
325 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
326 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
327 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
328 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
330 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
331 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
332 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
333 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
334 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
335 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
336 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
337 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
338 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
339 multicast membership on-link.
340 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
341 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
342 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
344 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
345 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
347 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
348 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
351 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
352 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
353 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
354 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
356 For application developers:
358 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
361 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
362 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
364 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
365 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
366 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
367 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
369 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
370 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
371 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
372 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
373 Multicast Source Filters'.
375 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
377 For systems administrators:
379 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
380 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
381 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
382 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
383 returned by getifaddrs(3).
385 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
386 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
388 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
389 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
390 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
391 recommended for optimal system performance.
393 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
394 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
395 back forwarded datagrams.
397 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
400 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
401 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
404 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
405 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
406 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
407 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
410 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
411 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
412 state will require a world rebuild.
413 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
416 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
417 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
418 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
421 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
422 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
423 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
424 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
426 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
429 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
430 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
431 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
432 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
433 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
434 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
435 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
436 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
439 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
440 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
441 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
444 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
445 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
446 introduces some changes:
448 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
449 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
450 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
452 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
453 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
454 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
455 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
457 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
458 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
459 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
462 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
465 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
466 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
470 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
471 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
472 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
473 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
474 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
477 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
478 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
479 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
480 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
484 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
485 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
486 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
487 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
490 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
491 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
494 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
495 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
497 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
498 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
499 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
501 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
502 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
503 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
504 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
505 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
506 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
507 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
508 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
510 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
511 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
512 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
513 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
514 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
515 to preserve the existing behaviour.
517 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
518 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
519 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
520 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
521 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
523 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
524 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
525 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
528 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
529 recompiled to reflect this.
530 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
533 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
534 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
535 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
536 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
537 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
538 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
541 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
542 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
543 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
544 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
545 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
546 raised to allow such segments to be created.
549 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
550 network device driver modules.
553 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
554 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
557 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
558 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
559 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
560 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
561 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
565 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
566 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
567 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
571 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
572 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
574 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
575 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
576 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
579 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
580 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
581 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
582 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
583 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
584 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
586 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
587 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
589 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
590 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
593 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
594 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
595 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
598 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
599 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
600 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
601 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
605 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
606 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
609 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
610 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
611 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
612 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
613 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
614 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
617 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
618 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
619 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
620 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
623 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
624 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
625 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
626 in next mpd5.3 release.
629 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
630 the base system (it was a port).
633 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
634 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
637 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
638 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
639 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
640 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
641 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
642 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
643 none of the L2 information.
646 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
647 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
649 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
651 to their kernel config files when specifying:
655 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
656 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
657 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
658 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
661 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
662 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
663 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
664 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
665 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
669 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
670 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
671 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
672 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
675 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
678 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
679 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
680 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
681 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
682 controller add the following to loader.conf:
688 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
689 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
693 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
694 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
695 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
696 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
697 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
698 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
699 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
702 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
703 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
704 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
705 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
706 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
709 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
715 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
717 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
718 cause compilation to fail.
721 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
724 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
726 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
727 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
728 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
729 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
730 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
731 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
732 accepting the RSA key.
734 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
735 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
738 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
739 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
740 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
744 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
745 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
746 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
748 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
749 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
750 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
751 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
752 use the new device names.
754 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
755 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
756 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
757 at the loader prompt:
759 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
760 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
761 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
762 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
766 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
770 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
771 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
772 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
773 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
776 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
777 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
780 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
781 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
782 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
783 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
784 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
787 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
788 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
789 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
790 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
792 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
795 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
796 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
797 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
798 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
800 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
801 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
802 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
805 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
806 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
807 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
808 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
809 other operation levels.
812 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
813 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
814 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
815 compatibility with any prior release:
817 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
818 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
819 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
822 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
823 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
824 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
825 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
826 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
830 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
831 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
832 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
833 with older hardware easier to do.
836 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
837 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
840 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
841 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
842 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
846 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
850 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
851 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
852 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
853 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
854 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
855 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
856 third-party software might fail to build after this change
857 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
858 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
859 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
860 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
861 case that a portable fix is impossible.
864 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
865 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
866 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
869 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
870 functionality is the default now.
873 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
874 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
875 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
876 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
877 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
879 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
880 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
881 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
884 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
885 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
886 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
887 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
888 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
889 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
890 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
891 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
892 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
893 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
897 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
898 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
900 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
901 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
902 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
908 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
909 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
912 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
913 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
914 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
915 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
916 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
919 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
920 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
921 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
922 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
926 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
927 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
928 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
931 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
932 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
933 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
936 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
937 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
938 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
939 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
940 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
943 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
944 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
945 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
946 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
947 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
948 will change after some settling time.
951 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
952 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
956 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
957 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
961 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
962 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
963 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
964 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
967 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
968 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
969 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
970 the IPv4 network stack.
972 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
973 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
974 has now been removed.
976 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
977 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
978 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
979 updated to reflect this.
981 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
982 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
986 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
987 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
988 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
989 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
990 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
991 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
992 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
993 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
994 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
995 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
999 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1000 function and starts providing an account management function.
1001 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1002 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1003 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1005 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1007 and change it according to this example:
1009 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1011 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1012 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1013 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1014 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1017 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1018 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1019 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1020 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1023 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1024 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1025 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1026 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1027 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1028 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1032 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1033 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1034 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1035 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1036 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1037 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1038 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1040 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1041 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1042 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1045 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1046 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1047 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1048 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1051 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1052 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1055 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1056 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1057 base operating system should be recompiled.
1060 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1061 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1062 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1063 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1064 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1067 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1068 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1069 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1070 deprecated in previous releases.
1071 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1072 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1075 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1076 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1077 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1078 sync. For more info:
1079 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1082 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1083 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1084 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1085 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1088 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1089 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1090 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1091 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1092 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1093 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1094 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1095 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1096 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1099 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1100 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1101 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1102 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1103 ip_mroute.ko module.
1106 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1107 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1108 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1110 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1111 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1112 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1115 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1116 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1117 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1118 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1119 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1123 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1124 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1125 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1126 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1127 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1130 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1131 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1132 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1133 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1136 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1137 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1138 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1139 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1143 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1144 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1145 with exceptions of followings:
1146 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1147 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1148 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1149 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1150 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1151 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1152 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1153 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1156 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1157 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1158 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1159 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1160 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1161 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1163 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1165 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1166 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1167 the array the same way you built it originally.
1170 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1171 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1172 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1173 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1174 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1175 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1176 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1179 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1180 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1181 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1182 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1183 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1186 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1187 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1188 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1189 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1190 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1193 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1194 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1195 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1196 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1197 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1198 added to 'struct proc'.
1201 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1204 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1205 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1206 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1207 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1208 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1211 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1214 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1215 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1216 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1219 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1222 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1223 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1224 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1227 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1228 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1229 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1230 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1231 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1234 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1235 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1236 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1237 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1240 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1241 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1245 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1246 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1247 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1248 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1249 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1252 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1253 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1254 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1255 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1256 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1257 `make installworld' with:
1259 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1261 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1262 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1263 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1264 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1267 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1268 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1269 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1270 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1274 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1275 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1276 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1277 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1278 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1279 implements the interface to support it.
1282 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1283 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1284 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1285 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1289 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1290 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1291 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1292 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1293 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1294 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1295 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1296 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1297 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1299 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1302 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1303 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1306 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1307 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1308 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1309 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1313 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1314 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1315 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1318 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1319 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1322 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1323 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1324 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1325 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1326 on your next install.
1327 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1328 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1329 to your /etc/make.conf.
1332 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1333 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1334 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1337 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1338 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1339 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1342 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1343 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1346 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1347 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1348 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1349 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1352 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1353 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1354 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1357 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1358 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1359 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1363 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1364 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1365 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1366 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1367 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1368 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1369 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1370 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1373 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1374 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1375 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1378 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1379 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1382 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1383 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1386 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1387 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1388 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1391 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1392 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1393 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1394 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1395 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1396 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1400 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1401 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1404 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1405 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1408 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1409 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1410 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1411 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1415 RELENG_6 branched here.
1418 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1419 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1420 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1421 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1422 removable_interfaces.
1425 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1426 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1427 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1428 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1429 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1430 affect existing configurations.
1433 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1434 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1435 updated to the new APIs.
1438 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1439 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1440 will not behave correctly.
1442 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1443 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1444 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1447 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1448 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1449 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1450 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1451 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1453 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1454 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1458 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1459 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1462 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1463 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1464 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1465 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1466 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1467 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1468 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1471 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1472 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1473 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1474 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1477 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1478 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1479 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1482 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1483 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1484 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1488 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1489 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1490 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1491 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1494 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1495 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1496 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1497 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1498 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1499 none at this point.)
1502 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1503 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1506 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1507 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1508 with the new kernel.
1511 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1512 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1513 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1516 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1517 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1518 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1519 if you have updated the kernel.
1521 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1522 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1523 mounting the new volume.
1526 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1527 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1528 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1529 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1532 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1533 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1536 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1537 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1538 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1539 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1540 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1541 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1544 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1545 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1546 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1547 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1548 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1551 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1552 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1553 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1554 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1555 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1556 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1557 and wlan_xauth as required.
1560 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1561 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1562 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1563 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1567 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1568 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1569 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1570 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1571 the module when a wep key is configured).
1574 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1575 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1576 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1579 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1580 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1583 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1584 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1585 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1586 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1587 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1588 their /etc/rc scripts.
1591 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1594 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1595 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1596 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1599 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1600 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1601 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1604 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1605 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1611 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1612 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1613 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1614 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1615 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1616 on the -current branch).
1618 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1619 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1620 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1621 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1622 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1623 page for more details.
1625 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1626 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1627 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1628 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1629 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1634 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1635 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1636 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1638 make kernel-toolchain
1639 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1640 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1642 To test a kernel once
1643 ---------------------
1644 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1645 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1646 debugging information) run
1647 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1648 nextboot -k testkernel
1650 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1651 --------------------------------------------------------------
1652 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1653 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1654 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1656 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1657 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1658 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1663 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1665 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1666 -----------------------------------------------------------
1667 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1668 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1670 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1672 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1674 <reboot in single user> [3]
1682 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1683 --------------------------------------------------
1684 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1685 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1686 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1689 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1692 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1693 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1694 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1695 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1696 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1697 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1698 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1699 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1700 <reboot into current>
1701 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1702 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1706 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1707 ----------------------------------------------
1708 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1710 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1712 <reboot in single user> [3]
1719 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1720 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1721 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1722 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1723 the UPDATING entries.
1725 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1726 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1727 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1728 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1729 much fewer pitfalls.
1731 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1732 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1735 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1740 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1741 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1742 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1744 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1745 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1746 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1747 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1748 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1749 for potential gotchas.
1751 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1752 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1753 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1754 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1755 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1756 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1758 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1759 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1760 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1761 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1762 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1764 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1765 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1767 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1768 cvs prune empty directories.
1770 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1771 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1772 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1774 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1775 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1776 warn if it is improperly defined.
1779 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1780 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1781 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1782 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1784 Copyright information:
1786 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1788 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1789 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1790 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1792 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1793 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1794 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1795 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1796 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1797 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1798 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1799 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1800 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1801 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1802 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1804 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1807 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of