1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
21 20100713: FreeBSD-SA-10:07.mbuf
22 Correctly copy the M_RDONLY flag when duplicating a reference
23 to an mbuf external buffer.
26 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
27 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
28 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
29 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
30 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
31 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
32 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
33 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
37 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
38 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
39 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
40 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
41 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
43 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
44 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
45 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
47 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
50 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
51 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
52 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
53 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
56 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
57 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
58 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
59 be modified accordingly.
62 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
63 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
64 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
70 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
71 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
74 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
75 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
78 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
79 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
80 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
87 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
88 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
89 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
92 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
93 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
94 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
97 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
98 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
99 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
100 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
101 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
104 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
105 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
106 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
107 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
108 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
111 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
112 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
113 configurations may need to be adjusted.
116 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
117 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
118 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
119 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
122 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
123 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
124 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
125 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
128 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
129 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
130 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
131 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
134 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
135 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
136 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
139 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
140 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
141 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
142 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
143 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
144 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
145 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
146 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
147 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
149 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
150 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
151 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
152 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
153 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
156 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
157 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
158 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
159 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
160 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
163 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
164 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
168 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
172 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
173 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
174 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
177 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
178 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
181 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
182 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
186 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
187 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
189 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
192 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
196 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
197 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
200 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
202 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
205 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
206 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
207 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
208 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
209 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
210 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
213 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
214 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
217 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
219 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
222 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
223 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
224 data to /etc/localtime.
227 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
228 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
231 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
232 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
233 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
234 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
235 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
236 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
239 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
240 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
241 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
242 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
243 correctly checking networking state from userland.
244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
247 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
248 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
249 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
250 follows the IPv4 implementation.
252 For kernel developers:
254 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
255 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
256 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
258 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
259 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
260 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
261 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
263 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
264 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
265 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
266 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
267 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
268 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
269 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
270 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
271 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
272 multicast membership on-link.
273 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
274 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
275 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
277 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
278 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
280 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
281 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
284 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
285 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
286 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
287 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
289 For application developers:
291 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
294 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
295 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
297 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
298 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
299 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
300 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
302 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
303 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
304 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
305 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
306 Multicast Source Filters'.
308 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
310 For systems administrators:
312 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
313 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
314 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
315 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
316 returned by getifaddrs(3).
318 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
319 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
321 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
322 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
323 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
324 recommended for optimal system performance.
326 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
327 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
328 back forwarded datagrams.
330 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
333 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
334 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
337 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
338 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
339 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
343 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
344 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
345 state will require a world rebuild.
346 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
349 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
350 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
351 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
354 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
355 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
356 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
357 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
359 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
362 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
363 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
364 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
365 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
366 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
367 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
368 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
369 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
372 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
373 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
374 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
377 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
378 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
379 introduces some changes:
381 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
382 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
383 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
385 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
386 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
387 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
388 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
390 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
391 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
392 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
395 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
398 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
399 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
403 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
404 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
405 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
406 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
407 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
410 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
411 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
412 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
413 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
417 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
418 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
419 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
420 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
423 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
424 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
427 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
428 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
430 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
431 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
432 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
434 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
435 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
436 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
437 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
438 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
439 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
440 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
441 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
443 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
444 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
445 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
446 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
447 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
448 to preserve the existing behaviour.
450 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
451 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
452 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
453 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
454 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
456 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
457 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
458 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
461 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
462 recompiled to reflect this.
463 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
466 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
467 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
468 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
469 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
470 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
471 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
474 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
475 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
476 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
477 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
478 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
479 raised to allow such segments to be created.
482 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
483 network device driver modules.
486 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
487 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
490 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
491 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
492 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
493 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
494 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
498 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
499 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
500 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
504 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
505 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
507 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
508 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
509 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
512 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
513 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
514 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
515 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
516 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
517 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
519 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
520 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
522 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
523 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
526 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
527 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
528 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
531 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
532 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
533 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
534 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
538 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
539 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
542 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
543 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
544 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
545 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
546 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
547 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
550 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
551 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
552 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
553 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
556 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
557 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
558 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
559 in next mpd5.3 release.
562 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
563 the base system (it was a port).
566 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
567 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
570 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
571 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
572 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
573 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
574 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
575 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
576 none of the L2 information.
579 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
580 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
582 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
584 to their kernel config files when specifying:
588 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
589 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
590 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
591 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
594 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
595 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
596 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
597 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
598 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
602 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
603 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
604 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
605 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
608 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
611 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
612 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
613 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
614 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
615 controller add the following to loader.conf:
621 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
622 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
626 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
627 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
628 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
629 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
630 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
631 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
632 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
635 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
636 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
637 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
638 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
639 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
642 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
648 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
650 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
651 cause compilation to fail.
654 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
657 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
659 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
660 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
661 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
662 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
663 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
664 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
665 accepting the RSA key.
667 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
668 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
671 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
672 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
673 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
677 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
678 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
679 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
681 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
682 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
683 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
684 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
685 use the new device names.
687 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
688 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
689 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
690 at the loader prompt:
692 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
693 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
694 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
695 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
699 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
703 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
704 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
705 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
706 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
709 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
710 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
713 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
714 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
715 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
716 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
717 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
720 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
721 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
722 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
723 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
725 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
728 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
729 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
730 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
731 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
733 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
734 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
735 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
738 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
739 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
740 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
741 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
742 other operation levels.
745 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
746 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
747 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
748 compatibility with any prior release:
750 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
751 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
752 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
755 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
756 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
757 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
758 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
759 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
763 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
764 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
765 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
766 with older hardware easier to do.
769 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
770 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
773 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
774 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
775 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
779 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
783 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
784 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
785 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
786 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
787 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
788 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
789 third-party software might fail to build after this change
790 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
791 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
792 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
793 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
794 case that a portable fix is impossible.
797 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
798 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
799 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
802 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
803 functionality is the default now.
806 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
807 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
808 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
809 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
810 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
812 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
813 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
814 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
817 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
818 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
819 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
820 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
821 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
822 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
823 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
824 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
825 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
826 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
830 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
831 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
833 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
834 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
835 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
841 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
842 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
845 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
846 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
847 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
848 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
849 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
852 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
853 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
854 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
855 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
859 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
860 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
861 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
864 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
865 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
866 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
869 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
870 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
871 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
872 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
873 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
876 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
877 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
878 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
879 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
880 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
881 will change after some settling time.
884 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
885 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
889 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
890 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
894 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
895 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
896 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
897 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
900 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
901 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
902 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
903 the IPv4 network stack.
905 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
906 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
907 has now been removed.
909 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
910 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
911 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
912 updated to reflect this.
914 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
915 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
919 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
920 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
921 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
922 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
923 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
924 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
925 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
926 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
927 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
928 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
932 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
933 function and starts providing an account management function.
934 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
935 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
936 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
938 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
940 and change it according to this example:
942 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
944 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
945 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
946 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
947 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
950 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
951 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
952 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
953 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
956 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
957 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
958 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
959 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
960 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
961 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
965 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
966 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
967 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
968 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
969 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
970 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
971 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
973 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
974 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
975 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
978 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
979 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
980 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
981 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
984 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
985 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
988 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
989 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
990 base operating system should be recompiled.
993 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
994 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
995 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
996 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
997 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1000 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1001 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1002 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1003 deprecated in previous releases.
1004 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1005 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1008 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1009 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1010 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1011 sync. For more info:
1012 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1015 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1016 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1017 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1018 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1021 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1022 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1023 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1024 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1025 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1026 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1027 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1028 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1029 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1032 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1033 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1034 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1035 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1036 ip_mroute.ko module.
1039 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1040 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1041 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1043 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1044 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1045 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1048 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1049 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1050 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1051 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1052 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1056 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1057 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1058 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1059 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1060 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1063 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1064 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1065 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1066 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1069 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1070 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1071 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1072 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1076 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1077 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1078 with exceptions of followings:
1079 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1080 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1081 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1082 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1083 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1084 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1085 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1086 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1089 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1090 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1091 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1092 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1093 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1094 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1096 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1098 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1099 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1100 the array the same way you built it originally.
1103 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1104 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1105 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1106 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1107 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1108 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1109 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1112 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1113 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1114 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1115 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1116 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1119 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1120 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1121 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1122 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1123 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1126 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1127 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1128 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1129 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1130 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1131 added to 'struct proc'.
1134 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1137 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1138 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1139 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1140 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1141 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1144 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1147 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1148 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1149 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1152 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1155 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1156 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1157 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1160 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1161 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1162 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1163 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1164 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1167 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1168 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1169 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1170 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1173 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1174 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1178 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1179 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1180 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1181 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1182 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1185 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1186 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1187 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1188 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1189 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1190 `make installworld' with:
1192 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1194 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1195 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1196 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1197 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1200 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1201 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1202 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1203 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1207 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1208 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1209 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1210 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1211 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1212 implements the interface to support it.
1215 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1216 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1217 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1218 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1222 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1223 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1224 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1225 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1226 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1227 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1228 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1229 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1230 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1232 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1235 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1236 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1239 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1240 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1241 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1242 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1246 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1247 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1248 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1251 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1252 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1255 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1256 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1257 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1258 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1259 on your next install.
1260 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1261 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1262 to your /etc/make.conf.
1265 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1266 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1267 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1270 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1271 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1272 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1275 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1276 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1279 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1280 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1281 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1282 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1285 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1286 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1287 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1290 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1291 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1292 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1296 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1297 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1298 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1299 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1300 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1301 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1302 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1303 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1306 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1307 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1308 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1311 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1312 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1315 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1316 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1319 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1320 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1321 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1324 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1325 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1326 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1327 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1328 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1329 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1333 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1334 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1337 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1338 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1341 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1342 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1343 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1344 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1348 RELENG_6 branched here.
1351 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1352 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1353 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1354 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1355 removable_interfaces.
1358 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1359 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1360 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1361 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1362 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1363 affect existing configurations.
1366 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1367 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1368 updated to the new APIs.
1371 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1372 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1373 will not behave correctly.
1375 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1376 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1377 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1380 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1381 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1382 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1383 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1384 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1386 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1387 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1391 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1392 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1395 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1396 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1397 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1398 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1399 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1400 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1401 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1404 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1405 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1406 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1407 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1410 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1411 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1412 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1415 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1416 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1417 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1421 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1422 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1423 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1424 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1427 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1428 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1429 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1430 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1431 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1432 none at this point.)
1435 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1436 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1439 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1440 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1441 with the new kernel.
1444 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1445 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1446 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1449 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1450 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1451 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1452 if you have updated the kernel.
1454 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1455 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1456 mounting the new volume.
1459 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1460 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1461 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1462 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1465 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1466 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1469 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1470 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1471 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1472 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1473 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1474 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1477 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1478 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1479 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1480 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1481 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1484 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1485 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1486 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1487 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1488 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1489 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1490 and wlan_xauth as required.
1493 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1494 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1495 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1496 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1500 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1501 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1502 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1503 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1504 the module when a wep key is configured).
1507 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1508 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1509 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1512 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1513 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1516 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1517 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1518 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1519 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1520 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1521 their /etc/rc scripts.
1524 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1527 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1528 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1529 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1532 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1533 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1534 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1537 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1538 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1544 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1545 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1546 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1547 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1548 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1549 on the -current branch).
1551 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1552 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1553 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1554 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1555 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1556 page for more details.
1558 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1559 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1560 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1561 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1562 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1567 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1568 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1569 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1571 make kernel-toolchain
1572 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1573 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1575 To test a kernel once
1576 ---------------------
1577 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1578 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1579 debugging information) run
1580 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1581 nextboot -k testkernel
1583 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1584 --------------------------------------------------------------
1585 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1586 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1587 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1589 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1590 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1591 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1596 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1598 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1599 -----------------------------------------------------------
1600 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1601 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1603 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1605 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1607 <reboot in single user> [3]
1615 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1616 --------------------------------------------------
1617 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1618 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1619 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1622 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1625 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1626 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1627 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1628 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1629 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1630 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1631 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1632 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1633 <reboot into current>
1634 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1635 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1639 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1640 ----------------------------------------------
1641 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1643 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1645 <reboot in single user> [3]
1652 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1653 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1654 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1655 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1656 the UPDATING entries.
1658 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1659 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1660 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1661 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1662 much fewer pitfalls.
1664 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1665 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1668 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1673 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1674 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1675 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1677 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1678 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1679 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1680 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1681 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1682 for potential gotchas.
1684 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1685 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1686 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1687 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1688 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1689 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1691 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1692 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1693 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1694 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1695 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1697 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1698 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1700 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1701 cvs prune empty directories.
1703 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1704 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1705 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1707 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1708 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1709 warn if it is improperly defined.
1712 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1713 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1714 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1715 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1717 Copyright information:
1719 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1721 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1722 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1723 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1725 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1726 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1727 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1728 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1729 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1730 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1731 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1732 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1733 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1734 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1735 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1737 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1740 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of