2 .\" Copyright (c) 2003 Søren Schmidt <sos@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
5 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer,
10 .\" without modification, immediately at the beginning of the file.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15 .\" derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
17 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19 .\" OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20 .\" IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21 .\" INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22 .\" NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23 .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24 .\" THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25 .\" (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26 .\" THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
40 .Nd generic ATA/ATAPI disk controller driver
42 For ISA based ATA/ATAPI support:
47 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
48 .Cd hint.ata.0.at="isa"
49 .Cd hint.ata.0.port="0x1f0"
50 .Cd hint.ata.0.irq="14"
51 .Cd hint.ata.1.at="isa"
52 .Cd hint.ata.1.port="0x170"
53 .Cd hint.ata.1.irq="15"
55 For PC98 based ATA/ATAPI support:
60 .Pa /boot/device.hints :
61 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.at="isa"
62 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.port="0x640"
63 .Cd hint.atacbus.0.irq="9"
65 For PCI based ATA/ATAPI support:
69 To support ATA compliant disk drives:
72 To support ATA software RAID's:
75 To support ATAPI CDROM, DVD and CD/DVD burner drives:
78 To support ATAPI floppy drives:
81 To support ATAPI tape drives:
86 subsystem controller drivers into cam(4) interface modules (disables all native
88 APIs and periperal drivers):
91 The following tunables are settable from the loader:
94 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
95 .It Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
96 set to 0 to disable the 80pin cable check (default is 1, check the cable)
97 .It Va hw.ata.atapi_dma
98 set to 1 for DMA access, 0 for PIO (default is DMA).
100 set to 1 to enable Write Caching, 0 to disable (default is enabled).
102 can cause data loss on power failures and crashes.
103 .It Va hint.atapci.X.msi
104 set to 1 to allow Message Signalled Interrupts (MSI) to be used by
105 specified PCI ATA controller, if supported.
106 .It Va hint.ata.X.pm_level
107 controls SATA interface Power Management for specified channel,
108 allowing to save some power by the cost of additional command latency.
112 interface Power Management is disabled, default value.
114 device is allowed to initiate PM state change, host is passive.
116 host initiates PARTIAL PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
118 host initiates SLUMBER PM state transition every time port becomes idle.
120 Modes 2 and 3 are implemented only for AHCI driver now.
125 driver provides access to ATA (IDE) and SerialATA disk drives,
126 ATAPI CDROM/DVD drives, ZIP/LS120 ATAPI drives and ATAPI tape drives
127 connected to controllers according to the ATA/ATAPI standards.
129 The currently supported ATA/SATA controller chips are:
131 .Bl -tag -width "Silicon Image:" -compact
133 ATP850P, ATP860A, ATP860R, ATP865A, ATP865R.
135 M5228, M5229, M5281, M5283, M5287, M5288, M5289.
137 AMD756, AMD766, AMD768, AMD8111, CS5536.
139 IXP200, IXP300, IXP400, IXP600, IXP700, IXP800.
141 CMD646, CMD646U2, CMD648, CMD649.
147 HPT302, HPT366, HPT368, HPT370, HPT371, HPT372, HPT372N, HPT374.
149 6300ESB, 31244, PIIX, PIIX3, PIIX4, ESB2, ICH, ICH0, ICH2, ICH3, ICH4, ICH5,
150 ICH6, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10, SCH, PCH.
152 IT8211F, IT8212F, IT8213F.
154 JMB360, JMB361, JMB363, JMB365, JMB366, JMB368.
156 88SX5040, 88SX5041, 88SX5080, 88SX5081, 88SX6041, 88SX6042, 88SX6081, 88SX6101,
157 88SX6102, 88SX6111, 88SX6121, 88SX6141, 88SX6145, 88SX7042.
163 nForce, nForce2, nForce2 MCP, nForce3, nForce3 MCP, nForce3 Pro, nForce4,
164 MCP51, MCP55, MCP61, MCP65, MCP67, MCP73, MCP77, MCP79, MCP89.
166 PDC20246, PDC20262, PDC20263, PDC20265, PDC20267, PDC20268, PDC20269, PDC20270, PDC20271, PDC20275, PDC20276, PDC20277, PDC20318, PDC20319, PDC20371, PDC20375, PDC20376, PDC20377, PDC20378, PDC20379, PDC20571, PDC20575, PDC20579, PDC20580, PDC20617, PDC20618, PDC20619, PDC20620, PDC20621, PDC20622, PDC40518, PDC40519, PDC40718, PDC40719.
168 HT1000, ROSB4, CSB5, CSB6, K2, Frodo4, Frodo8.
170 SiI0680, SiI3112, SiI3114, SiI3124, SiI3132, SiI3512.
172 SIS180, SIS181, SIS182, SIS5513, SIS530, SIS540, SIS550, SIS620, SIS630, SIS630S, SIS633, SIS635, SIS730, SIS733, SIS735, SIS745, SIS961, SIS962, SIS963, SIS964, SIS965.
174 VT6410, VT6420, VT6421, VT82C586, VT82C586B, VT82C596, VT82C596B, VT82C686,
175 VT82C686A, VT82C686B, VT8231, VT8233, VT8233A, VT8233C, VT8235, VT8237,
176 VT8237A, VT8237S, VT8251, CX700, VX800, VX855.
179 Unknown ATA chipsets are supported in PIO modes, and if the standard
180 busmaster DMA registers are present and contain valid setup, DMA is
181 also enabled, although the max mode is limited to UDMA33, as it is
182 not known what the chipset can do and how to program it.
186 driver can change the transfer mode and various other parameters
187 when the system is up and running.
193 driver sets the maximum transfer mode supported by the hardware as default.
196 driver sometimes warns:
197 .Dq Sy "DMA limited to UDMA33, non-ATA66 cable or device".
201 driver has detected that the required 80 conductor cable is not present
202 or could not be detected properly,
203 or that one of the devices on the channel only accepts up
206 .Va hw.ata.ata_dma_check_80pin
207 tunable can be set to 0 to disable this check.
209 Unknown ATAPI devices are initialized to DMA mode if the
211 tunable is set to 1 and they support at least UDMA33 transfers.
212 Otherwise they are set to PIO mode because severe DMA problems are
213 common even if the device capabilities indicate support.
214 You can always try to set DMA mode on an ATAPI device using
216 but be aware that your hardware might
218 support it and can potentially
220 the entire system causing data loss.
222 .Bl -tag -width ".Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC" -compact
224 ATA disk device nodes
226 ATA RAID device nodes
228 ATAPI CD-ROM device nodes
230 ATAPI floppy drive device nodes
232 ATAPI tape drive device nodes
233 .It Pa /sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
234 sample generic kernel config file for
239 Please remember that in order to use UDMA4/ATA66 and above modes you
241 use 80 conductor cables.
242 Please assure that ribbon cables are no longer than 45cm.
243 In case of rounded ATA cables, the length depends on the
244 quality of the cables.
245 SATA cables can be up to 1m long according to the specification.
247 Static device numbering
251 reserves a number for each possibly connected disk,
252 even when not present.
253 This is useful in hotswap scenarios
254 where disks should always show up as the same numbered device,
255 and not depend on attach order.
257 Native Command Queuing (NCQ) on SATA drives is not yet supported.
268 driver first appeared in
272 .Aq sos@FreeBSD.org .