Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash. [11:06]

[FreeBSD/releng/9.0.git] / release / doc / zh_CN.GB2312 / relnotes / article.sgml

<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
%articles.ent;

<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
%release;

<!-- The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project -->
<!-- Original Revision: 182873 -->
<!-- Text constants which probably don't need to be changed.-->

<!ENTITY % include.historic "IGNORE">
<!ENTITY % no.include.historic "IGNORE">
]>

<article>
<articleinfo>
  <title>&os; &release.current; ·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷</title>

  <corpauthor>The &os; Project</corpauthor>

  <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>

  <copyright>
    <year>2000</year>
    <year>2001</year>
    <year>2002</year>
    <year>2003</year>
    <year>2004</year>
    <year>2005</year>
    <year>2006</year>
    <year>2007</year>
    <year>2008</year>
    <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
  </copyright>

  <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
    &tm-attrib.freebsd;
    &tm-attrib.ibm;
    &tm-attrib.ieee;
    &tm-attrib.intel;
    &tm-attrib.sparc;
    &tm-attrib.general;
  </legalnotice>

  <abstract>
    <para>Õâ·Ý &os; &release.current; µÄ·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷£¬ ¸ÅÀ¨ÁË &os; »ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÔÚ
      &release.branch; ¿ª·¢ÏßÉÏËù×öµÄ¸Ä¶¯¡£
      ±¾ÎĵµÁоÙÁË×ÔÇ°Ò»·¢Ðа汾ÒÔÀ´ËùÓÐÊÊÓõݲȫ¹«¸æ£¬ ÒÔ¼°¶ÔÓÚ
      &os; ÄÚºËÒÔ¼°ÏµÍ³¸½´øµÄÓ¦ÓóÌÐòËù×öµÄÖØÒªÐ޸ġ£
      ¶ÔÔÚÉý¼¶Ê±ÐèҪעÒâµÄһЩÎÊÌ⣬ Ò²½øÐÐÁ˼òÂԵĽéÉÜ¡£</para>
  </abstract>
</articleinfo>

<sect1 id="intro">
  <title>¼ò½é</title>

  <para>ÕâƪÎĵµ°üÀ¨ÁË &os;
    &release.current; µÄ·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷¡£ ËüÃèÊöÁË×î½ü¸Õ¸Õ¼ÓÈë¡¢
    Ð޸Ļòɾ³ýÁ赀 &os; ÌØÐÔµÄ˵Ã÷¡£ ͬʱ£¬
    ËüÒ²½«¸ø³öÈçºÎ´ÓÏÈÇ°µÄ &os; °æ±¾Íê³ÉÉý¼¶µÄ˵Ã÷¡£</para>

<![ %release.type.current [

  <para>ÕâƪÎĵµËù½éÉÜµÄ &release.type; Èí¼þ°ü£¬
    ½éÉÜÁË &release.branch; ¿ª·¢·ÖÖ§×Ô &release.branch;
    ´´½¨ÒÔÀ´µÄ½øÕ¹¡£ ¹ØÓÚÕâÒ»·ÖÖ§ÉÏÔ¤±àÒëµÄ¡¢ ¶þ½øÖÆ°æ±¾µÄ
    &release.type; Èí¼þ°ü£¬ ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>
    ÕÒµ½¡£</para>

]]>

<![ %release.type.snapshot [

  <para>Õâ·Ý˵Ã÷Ëù˵µÄ &release.type; °æ±¾£¬
    ÊÇÔÚ &release.branch; ¿ª·¢·ÖÖ§ÉÏ &release.prev; µ½Î´À´µÄ &release.next;
    ÉϵÄÒ»µã¡£ ÕâÒ»¿ª·¢·ÖÖ§ÉÏÔ¤±àÒëµÄ¶þ½øÖÆÐÎʽµÄ &release.type;
    °²×°°ü£¬ ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink> ÕÒµ½¡£</para>

]]>

<![ %release.type.release [

  <para>ÕâÊÇÒ»·Ý &os; &release.current; µÄ
    &release.type; ·¢²¼°ü¡£ Äú¿ÉÒÔ´Ó <ulink
    url="&release.url;"></ulink> »òÆäËû¾µÏñÄÇÀïµÃµ½ËüµÄ¸±±¾¡£
    ¹ØÓÚÕâ¸ö (»òÆäËû) &release.type; ·¢²¼°üµÄ¸ü¶àÐÅÏ¢£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ
    <ulink url="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; ÊÖ²á</ulink>
    ÖÐµÄ <ulink url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>ÈçºÎ»ñµÃ
    &os;</quote>¸½Â¼</ulink> ÖÐÕÒµ½¡£</para>

]]>

  <para>ÎÒÃǹÄÀøËùÓеÄÓû§ÔÚ¿ªÊ¼°²×° &os;
    ֮ǰÊ×ÏȲο¼ÕâÒ»°æ±¾Ëù¶ÔÓ¦µÄ¿±ÎóÐÅÏ¢¡£
    ¿±ÎóÎĵµ½«Ëæʱ¸üУ¬ÒÔ±ãΪÓû§ÌṩÔÚ·¢²¼¹¤³ÌºóÆÚ»ò¸Ã°æ±¾·¢²¼Ö®ºó
    <quote>з¢ÏÖµÄ</quote> ÎÊÌâºÍÏà¹ØÐÅÏ¢¡£
    ͨ³££¬Õâ°üÀ¨ÒÑÖªµÄ bug£¬°²È«¹«¸æ£¬ÒÔ¼°¶ÔÓÚÎĵµµÄÐÞ¶©ÄÚÈÝ¡£
    ×îÐ嵀 &os; &release.current; ¿±ÎóÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÒÔ´Ó &os; ÍøÕ¾»ñµÃ¡£</para>

</sect1>

<sect1 id="new">
  <title>×îб䶯</title>

  <para>ÕâÒ»½ÚÃèÊöÁË
    &os; ×Ô &release.prev; ÒÔÀ´×îÃ÷ÏÔµÄй¦Äܺͱ仯¡£
    Ò»°ã˵À´£¬ ûÓÐ×¢Ã÷ &merged; µÄÄÇЩÐÂÌØÐÔÊÇ &release.branch; Ëù¶ÀÓеġ£
  </para>

  <para>·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷Öеľø´ó¶àÊýÌõÄ¿ÊÇÔÚ˵Ã÷×Ô´Ó
    &release.prev;
    ÒÔÀ´µÄ°²È«¹«¸æ¡¢ÐµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÐò»òÓ²¼þÖ§³Ö¡¢ÐµÄÃüÁî»òÊÇÑ¡Ïî¡¢
    ÖØÒªµÄ´íÎóÐÞ²¹£¬ÒÔ¼°»ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÖÐÀ´×ÔµÚÈý·½µÄÈí¼þÉý¼¶¡£
    ÖØÒªµÄ ports ºÍ packages ±ä¶¯£¬»ò¹ØÓÚ½»¸¶¹¤³ÌµÄ±ä¶¯Ò²»áÔÚÕâ·ÝÎĵµÖÐÌåÏÖ¡£
    ÏÔ¶øÒ×¼ûµØ£¬·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷²»¿ÉÄܺ­¸Ç &os; °æ±¾Ö®¼äµÄÿһ¸ö΢С±ä¶¯£»
    ÕâƪÎĵµÖ÷Òª¹Ø×¢µÄ£¬ÈÔÈ»ÊÇ°²È«¹«¸æ£¬Óû§¿ÉÒÔ²ì¾õµÄÐ޸ģ¬
    ÒÔ¼°ÖØÒªµÄ¼Ü¹¹¸ÄÁ¼¡£</para>

  <sect2 id="security">
    <title>°²È«¹«¸æ</title>

    <para></para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="kernel">
    <title>¶ÔÄں˵ĸĶ¯</title>
    
    <para>&man.acpi.4; ÌṩÁË¶Ô HPET ʱÖÓ¼ÆÊýÆ÷µÄ»ù±¾Ö§³Ö¡£&merged;</para>

    <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ½«Ïß³ÌÓë CPU °ó¶¨£¬ ÒÔ¼°¶Ô CPU ×ÊÔ´½øÐзÖ×éºÍ·ÖÅäµÄ
      &man.cpuset.2; API¡£ ͬʱ»¹¼ÓÈëÁËÓÃÓÚ¹ÜÀí´¦ÀíÆ÷×éµÄÓû§»·¾³¹¤¾ß
      &man.cpuset.1;¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">ΪÄں˵÷ÊÔÆ÷ &man.ddb.4; ÐÂÔöÁËÊä³ö²¶×½»úÖÆ¡£
      À´×Ô &man.ddb.4; µÄÊäÈëºÍÊä³öÄÚÈÝ»á×Ô¶¯²¶×½µ½Ò»¸öÄڴ滺³åÇø£¬
      ÒÔ±ãÔÚËæºóͨ¹ý &man.sysctl.8; »ò textdump À´¶ÁÈ¡ºÍ·ÖÎö¡£
      ÐÂÔöµÄ <command>capture</command> ÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔ¿ØÖÆÕâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜ¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">Ϊ &man.ddb.4; µ÷ÊÔÆ÷ÐÂÔöÁ˼òµ¥µÄ½Å±¾»úÖÆÖ§³Ö£¬
      ʹÆäÄܹ»Ö§³ÖÒ»×é¾­¹ýÃüÃûµÄ°üº¬Ò»ÏµÁÐ &man.ddb.4; ÃüÁîµÄ½Å±¾¡£
      ÕâЩ½Å±¾¿ÉÒÔÔÚ &man.ddb.4; ÖУ¬ »òͨ¹ýÐÂÔöµÄ &man.ddb.8;
      À´½øÐÐÅäÖᣠ¸ü¶àÏêÇéÇë²Î¼ûÁª»úÊÖ²á &man.ddb.4;¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">ÄÚºËÐÂÔöÁË textdump ¸ñʽµÄÖ÷´æÄÚÈÝת´æÄÜÁ¦¡£
      Ó봫ͳÖ÷´æÄÚÈÝת´æ·½Ê½²»Í¬£¬ textdump
      ͨ¹ýһϵÁлúе»¯µÄÉú³É/ÌáÈ¡µ÷ÊÔÊä³öÀ´Ìṩ¸ßÒ»¼¶µÄÐÅÏ¢¡£
      Õâ¸ö»úÖƼ´Ê¹ÔÚÄÚºËûÓаüº¬µ÷ÊÔ·ûºÅ£¬ »òÔ´´úÂëÓëÄں˲»Íêȫͬ²½µÄÇé¿öÏ£¬
      ÈÔÈ»Äܹ»Ìṩ¼òÃ÷µ«ÄÚÈݷḻµÄµ÷ÊÔÐÅÏ¢¡£ ¹ØÓÚÕâÒ»»úÖƵĽøÒ»²½ÏêÇéÇë²Î¼ûÁª»úÊÖ²á
      &man.textdump.4;¡£</para>

    <para>ɾȥÁË¶Ô M:N Ïß³ÌÄ£Ð͵ÄÄÚºËÖ§³Ö¡£
      ¾¡¹Ü KSE (Äں˵÷¶ÈʵÌå) ÏîÄ¿³É¹¦µØ½«Ïß³ÌÒýÈëÁË FreeBSD£¬ ÓÉ
      kse Ï߳̿â²ÉÓÃµÄ M:N Ïß³ÌÄ£ÐÍδÄÜ·¢»ÓÆäÈ«²¿Ç±ÄÜ¡£
      ¶ÔÓÚ½ÏÔçµÄÒÔ¶¯Ì¬·½Ê½Áª±àµÄʹÓà KSE Ïß³ÌÄ£Ð͵ÄÓ¦ÓõÄÏòÇ°¼æÈÝÐÔ£¬
      ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý &man.libmap.conf.5; ÅäÖÃʵÏÖ¡£ The &os; Project ·Ç³£¸Ðл
      &a.julian;¡¢ &a.deischen; ºÍ &a.davidxu; ÔÚ KSE Ö§³Ö·½ÃæËù×öµÄ¹¤×÷¡£</para>

    <para>&os; ÄÚºËÏÖÔÚÄܹ»Í¨¹ý <varname>kern.features</varname> sysctl
      Ê÷À´²éѯÌض¨µÄ¹¦ÄÜÊÇ·ñÒÑÁª±à»ò¶¯Ì¬¼ÓÔؽøÄÚºËÁË¡£
      ¿âº¯Êý &man.feature.present.3; ΪÓû§Ì¬Ó¦ÓóÌÐòÌṩÁ˼ì²â¹¦ÄÜÊÇ·ñ´æÔڵļò±ã½Ó¿Ú¡£</para>

    <para arch="amd64">&os; ÄÚºËÖ§³Ö³¬´óÄÚ´æÒ³ (<quote>superpages</quote>) Ó³ÉäÁË¡£</para>

    <para arch="amd64,i386,ia64,powerpc" role="merged">ULE
      µ÷¶ÈÆ÷³ÉΪÁË <filename>GENERIC</filename> Äں˵ÄĬÈϽø³Ìµ÷¶ÈÆ÷¡£</para>

    <sect3 id="boot">
      <title>Òýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷±ä¶¯</title>

      <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">¶ÔÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷ʹÓÃµÄ BTX Äں˽øÐÐÁËÐ޸ģ¬
        ʹÆäÔÚʵģʽϵ÷Óà BIOS Àý³Ì¡£ ÕâÒ»±ä¶¯Ê¹µÃ´Ó USB
        É豸Òýµ¼ &os; ³ÉΪÁË¿ÉÄÜ¡£</para>

      <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ§³Ö´Ó GPT
        ±êÇ©Òýµ¼ÏµÍ³µÄ gptboot Òýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷¡£ Ϊ
        &man.gpt.8;, ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË <command>boot</command> ÃüÁ
        Æä×÷ÓÃÊÇͨ¹ýдÈëÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷£¬ ²¢¸ù¾ÝÐèÒª´´½¨ÐµÄÒýµ¼·ÖÇøÀ´ÈÃ
        GPT ´ÅÅÌÄܹ»Òýµ¼ÏµÍ³¡£</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="proc">
      <title>Ó²¼þÖ§³Ö</title>

      <para role="merged">ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ§³Ö Omnikey CardMan 4040
        PCMCIA ÖÇÄÜ¿¨ÔĶÁÆ÷µÄ &man.cmx.4; Çý¶¯¡£</para>

      <para>&man.syscons.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö Colemak ¼üÅ̲¼¾ÖÁË¡£</para>

      <para role="merged">´Ó OpenBSD ÒýÈëÁËÓÃÓÚÖ§³Ö»ùÓÚ Silicon
        Laboratories CP2101/CP2102 USB ´®¿ÚÊÊÅäÆ÷µÄ &man.uslcom.4; Çý¶¯¡£</para>

      <sect4 id="mm">
        <title>¶àýÌåÖ§³Ö</title>

        <para></para>

      </sect4>

      <sect4 id="net-if">
        <title>ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÖ§³Ö</title>

        <para>½« &man.em.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò²ð·Ö³ÉÁ˲¿·Ö´úÂë¹²ÓõÄÁ½¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£
          &man.em.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¼ÌÐøÖ§³Ö¸ßÖÁ 82575 µÄÍøÂç¿ØÖÆоƬ£¬
          ÒÔ¼°ÐµĿͻ§»ú/×ÀÃæÊÊÅäÆ÷¡£ ÐÂÔöµÄ igb Çý¶¯ÔòÖ§³ÖеķþÎñÆ÷ÊÊÅäÆ÷¡£</para>

        <para>Ϊ &man.jme.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ§³Ö PCIe ½Ó¿ÚµÄ»ùÓÚ JMicron JMC250 Gigabit
          Ethernet ºÍ JMC260 Fast Ethernet ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÍøÂçÊÊÅäÆ÷Ö§³Ö¡£</para>

        <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÒÔÖ§³Ö»ùÓÚ Marvell Libertas 88W8335 µÄ PCI ÍøÂçÊÊÅäÆ÷µÄ
          &man.malo.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£</para>

        <para>Ëæ &man.mxge.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¸½´øµÄ¹Ì¼þ°æ±¾´Ó 1.4.25 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 1.4.29¡£</para>

        <para>¶Ô &man.sf.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁËÈ«Ãæ¸Ä½ø£¬
          ÒÔÌáÉýÆäÐÔÄܲ¢Ôö¼ÓÁ˶ÔУÑéºÍ¼õ¸º (checksum offloading) µÄÖ§³Ö¡£
          ´ËÍ⣬ ¸Ä½øºóµÄÇý¶¯Äܹ»ÊÊÓ¦¸÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄÓ²¼þ¼Ü¹¹ÁË¡£</para>

        <para>¶Ô &man.re.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁËÈ«Ãæ¸Ä½ø£¬ ÐÞÕýÁËһϵÁÐÎÊÌâ¡£
          ÕâÒ»Çý¶¯ÐÂÔöÁ˶ԾÖÓòÍø»½ÐÑ (Wake On LAN, WOL)
          ¹¦ÄܵÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

        <para>¶Ô &man.vr.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁËÈ«Ãæ¸Ä½ø£¬ ÐÞÕýÁËһϵÁÐÀúÊ·ÎÊÌâ¡£
          ´ËÍ⣬ ¸Ä½øºóµÄÇý¶¯Äܹ»ÊÊÓ¦¸÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄÓ²¼þ¼Ü¹¹ÁË¡£</para>

        <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">¶Ô &man.wpi.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸üУ¬
          ÐÞÕýÁËһϵÁпɿ¿ÐÔÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      </sect4>
    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="net-proto">
      <title>ÍøÂçЭÒé</title>

      <para>Ϊ &man.bpf.4; °ü¹ýÂ˼°²¶×½»úÖÆÐÂÔöÁËÃ⸴ÖÆ (zero-copy) ²Ù×÷ģʽ£¬
        ÕâÖÖģʽÖлº³åÇøÓÉÓû§½ø³Ì×â½è¸øÄںˡ£ ÕâÒ»ÌØÐÔ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý½« sysctl
        ±äÁ¿ <varname>net.bpf.zerocopy_enable</varname>
        µÄÖµÉèΪ <literal>1</literal> À´ÆôÓá£</para>

      <para>ÓÉÓÚȱÉٶԶദÀíÆ÷µÄÖ§³Ö£¬ ɾȥÁË ISDN4BSD(I4B)¡¢ <filename>netatm</filename>
        ÒÔ¼°ÓëÖ®Ïà¹ØµÄÆäËû×Óϵͳ¡£</para>

      <para role="merged">ÐÞÕýÁË TCP Ñ¡Ïî¶ÔÆëʱ£¬ ²ÉÓôíÎóµÄÌî³ä×Ö½ÚµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="disks">
      <title>´ÅÅ̺ʹ洢</title>

      <para role="merged">&man.aac.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö³ß´ç³¬¹ý
        2TB µÄ¾íÁË¡£</para>

      <para>Ϊ &man.ata.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁËÕë¶Ô´ÅÅÌµÄ spindown ÃüÁ
        Èç¹û´ÅÅÌÔÚÔ¤ÏÈÅäÖõÄÒ»¶Îʱ¼äÄÚûÓÐÊÕµ½ÈκÎÇëÇó£¬
        Ôò´ÅÅÌ»á¼õ»º×ªËÙ£¬ Ö±µ½ÊÕµ½ÏÂÒ»¸öÇëÇóΪֹ¡£
        Óë´Ëͬʱ£¬ &man.atacontrol.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÅäÖÃÕâÒ»¹¦ÄܵÄ
        <command>spindown</command> ÃüÁî¡£</para>

      <para role="merged">&man.hptrr.4; ¸üе½ÁËÀ´×Ô Highpoint µÄ 1.2
        °æ¡£</para>

    </sect3>

    <sect3 id="fs">
      <title>Îļþϵͳ</title>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁËÔÚ ZFS ÉÏʹÓà &man.mmap.2; ʱµÄÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÄÚºËģʽµÄ NFS Ëø¹ÜÀíÆ÷£¬ ¸ÄÉÆÁË NFS ÉÏËøµÄÐÔÄܺÍÐÐΪ¡£ ÐÂÔöµÄ
        &man.clear.locks.8; ÃüÁî¿ÉÒÔÓà NFS ¿Í»§¶ËµÄÉí·ÝÀ´Çå³ýÆä³ÖÓеÄËø¡£</para>

    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="userland">
    <title>Óû§Ì¬»·¾³±ä¶¯</title>

    <para role="merged">&man.adduser.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÐÂÓû§Ö÷Ŀ¼µÄ
      <option>-M</option> ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>»ùÓÚ <filename>libarchive</filename> µÄ BSD-ÊÚȨ
      °æ±¾µÄ &man.ar.1; ºÍ &man.ranlib.1; Ìæ»»µôÁË GNU
      Binutils °æ±¾µÄ¶ÔÓ¦¹¤¾ß¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÏêϸÊä³öµÄ <option>-v</option> Ñ¡Ï
      ÒÔ¼°ÀàËÆÓÚ (ÀýÈç) &man.chmod.1; ¶ÔÓ¦µÄºöÂÔ´íÎóÓïÒåµÄ <option>-f</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>ΪÁËÓëÆäËûʵÏÖ¼æÈÝ£¬ &man.cp.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓë <option>-RrP</option>
      µÈ¼ÛµÄ <option>-a</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>»ùÓÚ <filename>libarchive</filename> µÄ BSD-ÊÚȨ
      °æ±¾µÄ &man.cpio.1; Ìæ»»µôÁË GNU cpio¡£
      Ä¿Ç° GNU cpio ÈÔ»á×÷Ϊ
      <filename>gcpio</filename> °²×°¡£</para>

    <para>&man.env.1; ³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁËͨ¹ý´Ó»·¾³ÖÐɾ³ýÀ´ÍêÈ«È¡Ïû±äÁ¿
      <replaceable>name</replaceable> ÉèÖöø²»ÊǼòµ¥µØ½«ÆäÉèΪ¿ÕÖµµÄ <option>-u
      <replaceable>name</replaceable></option>
      ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>ÐÂÔöÁË &man.fdopendir.3; ¿âº¯Êý¡£</para>

    <para>&man.find.1; ÐÂÔöÁËһϵÁÐ֮ǰֻÔÚ GNU find ÖÐÓжøÔÚ &os;
      &man.find.1; ÖÐûÓеÄÓï¾ä¡£</para>

    <para>&man.jexec.8; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÒÔÖ÷»úÃûÖ¸¶¨Ìض¨ jail µÄ <option>-h
      <replaceable>hostname</replaceable></option> ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>&man.kgdb.1; ÐÂÔöÁË°ïÖúµ÷ÊÔÄÚºËÄ£¿é±ÀÀ£×ª´æµÄ <command>add-kld</command>
      ÃüÁî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.ls.1; ³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨Ïêϸ×ÊÁÏģʽ (long
      format£¬ <option>-l</option>) Êä³öÖÐÈÕÆÚ¸ñʽµÄ <option>-D</option>
      ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>&man.nc.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ½ûÖ¹ TCP Ñ¡ÏîµÄ <option>-O</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.ping6.8; ¹¤¾ßÔڳɹ¦·¢°üµ«Ã»Óеõ½»ØӦʱ·µ»Ø <literal>2</literal>
      (ÕâºÍ &man.ping.8; µÄÐÐΪÏàͬ)¡£ ´ËÇ°ËüÖ»ÊÇ·µ»ØÒ»¸ö·ÇÁãÖµ¡£</para>

    <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÏÔʾ½ø³ÌÏêϸÐÅÏ¢µÄ &man.procstat.1; ¹¤¾ß¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">&man.realpath.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ½ûÖ¹¸ø³ö¾¯¸æÐÅÏ¢µÄ
      <option>-q</option> Ñ¡Ï ´ËÍ⣬ ËüÄܹ»½ÓÊܶà¸ö·¾¶×÷ΪÃüÁîÐвÎÊýÁË¡£</para>

    <para>&man.split.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨ÇзֿéÊýµÄ <option>-n</option>
      ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>&man.tar.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÆôÓà &man.compress.1;-ʽ
      ѹËõ/½âѹËõ µÄ <option>-Z</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.tar.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÔÚ´´½¨ºÍ½â°üʱºöÂÔÓû§/×éÃûµÄ
      <option>--numeric-owner</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.tar.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÒÔÔÚ½â°üʱ²úÉúÏ¡ÊèÎļþµÄ
      <option>-S</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.tar.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ¸ù¾ÝÖ¸¶¨µÄÕýÔò±í´ïʽÀ´Ìæ»»ÎļþÃûµÄ
      <option>-s</option> ²ÎÊý¡£</para>

    <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ·µ»Ø½ø³ÌËùÔڻỰ leader ×é ID µÄ¿âº¯Êý &man.tcgetsid.3;¡£
      Õâ¸öº¯ÊýÊÇÔÚ IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
      (POSIX) Öж¨ÒåµÄ¡£</para>

    <para>&man.top.1; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÏÔʾ¸÷¸ö CPU ʹÓÃͳ¼ÆµÄ <option>-P</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <para>&man.traceroute.8; ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÏÔʾÿÌøµÄ ×ÔÖÎÍøÓò (AS)
      ±àºÅµÄ <option>-a</option> ¿ª¹Ø£» ¶øÐÂÔöµÄ <option>-A</option>
      ²ÎÊýÔò¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñÌض¨µÄ
      WHOIS ·þÎñÆ÷¡£</para>

    <para>&man.traceroute6.8; ÐÂÔöÁËÓë³£¼ûµÄ UDP ̽²â°ü²»Í¬µÄ¡¢
      ²»²ÉÓÃÉϲãЭÒéµÄ̽²â°ü½øÐÐ̽²âµÄ <option>-U</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

    <sect3 id="rc-scripts">
      <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> ½Å±¾</title>

      <para></para>

    </sect3>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contrib">
    <title>»ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÖеĵÚÈý·½Èí¼þ</title>

    <para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> ´Ó 6.0.10
      Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 6.1.5¡£</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>awk</application> ´Ó 2007 Äê 5 Ô 1 ÈÕ°æÉý¼¶µ½ÁË
      2007 Äê 10 ÔÂ 23 ÈÕ°æ¡£</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>bzip2</application> ´Ó 1.0.4
      Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 1.0.5¡£</para>

    <para><application>CVS</application> ´Ó 1.11.17
      Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 1.11.22 Ö®ºóÓÚ 2008 Äê 3 Ô 10 ÈÕÇ©³öµÄ¿ìÕÕ°æ±¾¡£</para>

    <para><application>hostapd</application> ´Ó 0.5.8 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 0.5.10¡£</para>

    <para><application>IPFilter</application> ´Ó
      4.1.23 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 4.1.28¡£</para>

    <para><application>less</application> ´Ó
      v408 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË v416¡£</para>

    <para><application>ncurses</application> ´Ó
      5.6-20061217 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 5.6-20080503¡£</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>OpenPAM</application> ´Ó
      Figwort °æÉý¼¶µ½ÁË Hydrangea °æ¡£</para>

    <para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> ´Ó
      8.14.1 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 8.14.3¡£</para>

    <para role="merged">ʱÇøÊý¾Ý¿â´Ó
      <application>tzdata2007h</application> °æÉý¼¶µ½ÁË
      <application>tzdata2008b</application> °æ¡£</para>

    <para><application>WPA Supplicant</application> ´Ó 0.5.8 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 0.5.10¡£</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="ports">
    <title>Ports/Packages Ì×¼þ»ù´¡½á¹¹</title>

    <para>&man.pkg.create.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË
      <option>-n</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£ µ±Ö¸¶¨ÁËÕâ¸öÑ¡Ï ²¢ÇÒÖÆ×÷µÄÔ¤±àÒë°üÒѾ­´æÔÚʱ£¬
      ÏÖÓеİ汾²»»á±»¸²¸Ç¡£ Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîÔÚÁ¬ÐøÖ´Ðдø <option>-Rb</option>
      ²ÎÊýµÄ &man.pkg.create.1; ʱʮ·ÖÓÐÓá£</para>

    <para>ɾȥÁËÓÃÓÚ¶Ô &os; Ô¤±àÒë°ü½øÐÐÇ©ÃûºÍÑéÖ¤µÄ pkg_sign ºÍ pkg_check ¹¤¾ß¡£
      ÕâЩ¹¤¾ßÖ»ÄÜÓÃÓÚʹÓà &man.gzip.1; ѹËõµÄÔ¤±àÒë°ü£¬ ¶ø
      &man.bzip2.1; ѹËõ×÷Ϊ±ê׼ѹËõÒѾ­Ê¹Óúܳ¤Ê±¼äÁË¡£</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="releng">
    <title>·¢²¼¹¤³ÌÓëϵͳ¼¯³É</title>


    <para role="merged">Ö§³ÖµÄ
      <application>GNOME</application> ×ÀÃæ»·¾³
      (<filename role="package">x11/gnome2</filename>)
      °æ±¾´Ó 2.20.1 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 2.22¡£</para>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="doc">
    <title>Îĵµ</title>

    <para></para>

  </sect2>
</sect1>

<sect1 id="upgrade">
  <title>´ÓÏÈÇ°°æ±¾µÄ &os; Éý¼¶</title>

  <para arch="amd64,i386">´Ó &os; 6.2-RELEASE ¿ªÊ¼£¬
    ϵͳÒѾ­Äܹ»Í¨¹ýʹÓà &man.freebsd-update.8; À´ÊµÏÖ RELEASE °æ±¾Ö®¼ä
    (ÒÔ¼°²»Í¬°²È«·ÖÖ§µÄ¿ìÕÕ°æ±¾) µÄ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶¡£ ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶¹ý³Ì½«¸üÐÂδ¾­ÐÞ¸ÄµÄ userland
    ¹¤¾ß£¬ ÒÔ¼°Ëæ¹Ù·½ &os; ·¢Ðа淢²¼µÄ¡¢ δ×÷ÐÞ¸ÄµÄ GENERIC »ò
    SMP Äںˡ£ ʹÓà &man.freebsd-update.8; ¹¤¾ßµÄÖ÷»ú£¬
    ÐèÒªÓпÉÓÃµÄ Internet Á¬½Ó¡£</para>

  <para>¾ÉʽµÄ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶£¬ ÔòÊÇͨ¹ýËæ CDROM ·¢ÐнéÖÊÌṩµÄ &man.sysinstall.8; µÄ
    <command>Upgrade</command> Ñ¡ÏîÀ´Íê³ÉµÄ¡£ ÕâÖÖ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶·½Ê½£¬
    ¶ÔÓÚ ·Ç-&arch.i386;¡¢ ·Ç-&arch.amd64; µÄ£¬
    ÒÔ¼°Ã»ÓнÓÈë Internet µÄϵͳ¶øÑÔ»á±È½ÏÓÐÓá£</para>

  <para>´ËÍ⣬ Ò²¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÔ´´úÂë´Ó½ÏÔç°æ±¾Éý¼¶µÄ·½Ê½ (ͨ¹ý´ÓÔ´´úÂëÖØбàÒë &os;
    µÄ»ù±¾ÏµÍ³)£¬ Æä²Ù×÷·½·¨Çë²Î¼û
    <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>¡£</para>

  <important>
    <para>ºÜÏÔÈ»£¬Éý¼¶ &os; ʱ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊ×Ïȱ¸·Ý
      <emphasis>È«²¿</emphasis> Êý¾ÝºÍÅäÖÃÎļþ¡£</para>
  </important>
</sect1>
</article>