2 .\" Copyright (c) 2010 The FreeBSD Foundation
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5 .\" Portions of this documentation were written by Shteryana Sotirova Shopova
6 .\" under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
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11 .\" Author: Shteryana Shopova <syrinx@FreeBSD.org>
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36 .Dd September 17, 2007
43 .Nd "simple tools for querying SNMP agents"
48 .Op Fl b Ar buffersize
53 .Op Fl M Ar max-repetitions
54 .Op Fl N Ar non-repeaters
59 .Op Fl s Ar [trans::][community@][server][:port]
68 .Op Fl b Ar buffersize
76 .Op Fl s Ar [trans::][community@][server][:port]
85 .Op Fl b Ar buffersize
93 .Op Fl s Ar [trans::][community@][server][:port]
97 .Ar OID Ns = Ar syntax Ns : Ns Ar value
98 .Op Ar OID Ns = Ar syntax Ns : Ns Ar value ...
104 are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting
105 management information to a Simple Network Managment Protocol (SNMP) agent.
107 Depending on the options
109 constructs either a SMNP GetRequest, GetNextRequest
110 or a GetBulkRequest packet, fills in the object identifiers (OIDs) of the
111 objects whose values will be retrived, waits for a response and prints it if
112 received successfully.
115 queries an agent with SMNP GetNextRequest packets,
116 asking for values of OID instances that are a part of the object subtree
117 rooted at the provided OIDs.
120 constructs a SMNP SetRequest packet, fills in the OIDs (object identifiers),
121 syntaxes and values of the objects whose values are to be set and waits for a
122 responce from server.
125 The options are as follows (not all apply to all three programs):
126 .Bl -tag -width ".It Fl D Ar options"
128 Authentication options to use with SNMPv3 PDUs
130 .It Cm proto=[md5|sha]
131 The protocol to use when calculating the PDU message digest.
133 A binary localized authentication key to use when calculating the PDU message
137 By default SNMPv3 PDUs are sent unauthenticated.
139 Skip any sanity checks when adding OIDs to a Protocol Data Unit (PDU):
140 ingore syntax/access type, allow adding of non-leaf objects for GetPdu and
141 read-only objects to a SetPDU.
142 .It Fl b Ar buffersize
143 Tune the size of buffers used to send and receive packets.
144 The default size is 10000 bytes which should be enough unless an agent sends
145 a really large octetstring.
146 The maximum allowed length is 65535 according to the Structure of Management
149 The context to query with SNMPv3 PDUs.
152 The context name. Default is "" (empty).
153 .It Cm context-engine=engine-id
154 The SNMP Engine ID of the context to query with SNMPv3 PDUs, represented as
155 binary octet string. By default, this is set to the Engine ID of the SNMP agent.
158 Perform SNMP USM Engine Discovery, rather than sending a request for the value
159 of a specific object.
162 This option will cause the packets sent and received to be dumped to the
166 If an error is returned in the response PDU, resend the request removing the
167 variable that caused the error until a valid response is received.
168 This is only usefull for a GetRequest- and a GetNextRequest-PDU.
170 Print a short help text with default values for various options.
172 Load each MIB description file from the given list to translate symbolic
173 object names to their numerical representation and vice versa.
174 Use the other options to obtain a non-default behaviour:
177 Specifies the initial OID that was cut by
179 when producing the MIB description file.
180 The default value is .iso(1).org(3).dod(6) which is what should have been
181 used for all the files installed under /usr/share/snmp/defs.
182 Use this only if you generated your own files, providing a
187 The directory where files in the list will be searched.
189 .Pa /usr/share/snmp/defs Ns .
191 A comma separated list of files to which the two options above will apply.
194 The file suboption has to come after the other suboptions so that their
195 non-default values will be applied to the list of files.
196 The order of the other suboptions before each file suboption can be random.
197 Suboptions may be separated either by commas or by spaces.
198 If using spaces make sure the entire option string is one argument, for
199 example using quotes.
201 List of MIB description files produced by
202 .Xr gensnmpdef 1 which
207 will search to translate numerical OIDs to their symbolic object names.
208 Multiple files can be provided either giving this option multiple times
209 or a comma separated list of file names.
210 If a filename begins with a letter the default directory,
211 /usr/share/snmp/defs,
214 Calculate and display the localized authentication and privacy keys
215 corresponding to a plain text password. The password is obtain via the
216 environment. Additionally, if one or more OIDs are specified, the calculated
217 keys are used when processing the SNMPv3 requests.
219 The path of the posix local (unix domain) socket if local
221 .It Fl M Ar max-repetitions
222 The value for the max-repetitions field in a GetBulk PDU.
224 .It Fl N Ar non-repeaters
225 The value for the non-repeaters field in a GetBulk PDU.
228 Only use numerical representations for input and output OIDs and do not
229 try to resolve symbolic object names.
235 will print numerical OIDs anyway if the corresponding string representation
236 is not found in the MIB description files.
237 .It Fl o Ar [quiet|short|verbose]
238 The format used to print the received response.
239 Quiet only prints values, short (default) prints an abbreviated OID
240 representation and the value.
241 In addition to the short output verbose prints the type before the value.
243 Privacy options to use with SNMPv3 PDUs
245 .It Cm proto=[aes|des]
246 The protocol to use when encypting/decrypting SNMPv3 PDU data.
248 A binary localized privacy key to use when encypting/decrypting SNMPv3 PDU data.
251 By default plain text SNMPv3 PDUs are sent.
252 .It Fl p Ar [get|getnext|getbulk]
253 The PDU type to send by
257 Number of resends of request packets before giving up if the agent does
258 not respond after the first try.
260 .It Fl s Ar [trans::] Ns Ar [community@] Ns Ar [server] Ns Ar [:port]
261 Each of the server specification components is optional but at least one
262 has to be provided if
265 The server specification is constructed in the following manner:
268 Transport type may be one of udp, stream or dgram.
269 If this option is not provided an udp inet/inet6 socket will be used, which
271 Stream stands for a posix local stream socket and a posix local datagram
272 socket will be used if dgram is specified.
274 Specify an SNMP community string to be used when sending packets.
275 If the option is skipped the default "public" will be used for
279 and the default "private" community string will be used for
282 This might be either the IP address or the hostname where the agent is
287 The destination port to send the requests to.
288 This is useful if the SNMP agent listens on a non-default port.
289 Default is given by the
296 Number of seconds before resending a request packet if the agent does
298 The default value is 3 seconds.
300 User credentials when sending SNMPv3 PDUs.
303 The Engine ID of the SNMP agent represented as a binary octet string.
304 .It Cm engine-boots=value
305 The value of the snmpEngineBoots of the SNMP agent.
306 .It Cm engine-time=value
307 The value of the snmpEngineTime of the SNMP agent.
309 If any of the above is not specified, SNMP USM Engine Discovery is attempted.
310 This is also the default behavior.
312 The USM user name to include in the SNMPv3 PDUs. By default, the user name is
313 obtain via the environment
316 The SNMP protocol version to use when sending requests. SNMP versions 1, 2 and
318 If no version option is provided
324 Note that GetBulkRequest-PDUs were introduced in SNMPv2 thus setting the
325 version to 1 is incompatiable with sending a GetBulk PDU.
327 The object identifier whose value to retrive.
328 At least one OID should be provided for
330 to be able to send a request.
334 this is the root object identifier of the subtree whose values are to be
336 If no OID is provided
338 will walk the mib2 subtree rooted
339 at .iso(1).org(3).dod(6).internet(1).mgmt(2).mib2(1) .
341 Any of the formats used to print a single variable
342 is valid as input OID:
344 .It 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1.0
347 .It ifRcvAddressStatus.2.6.255.255.255.255.255.255
348 .It ifRcvAddressType[2,ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff]
349 .It ifRcvAddressStatus[Integer:1,OctetString:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff]
355 Square brackets are used to denote an entry's indexes.
356 When used in an input OID, the square brackets may have to be
357 escaped or the OID has to be quoted to protect it from the shell.
358 Note there is no difference between ifName.1 and "ifName[1]".
359 .It OID Ns = Ns Ar [syntax Ns :] Ns Ar value
360 The object identifier with its syntax type and value that is to be set.
361 At least one such string OID=[syntax:]value should be provided to
363 to be able to send a request.
366 OID may be input as a string, a string followed by a random number of integers
367 (suboids) separated by dots, a sequence of integers separated by dots - that is
370 options is used - and in such case a syntax is required for every value,
371 or a string followed by square brackets (used to denote an entry's indexes) and
372 corresponding indexes.
373 Any of formats used to print a single variable by
375 valid for inpit OID as well:
377 .It 1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1.0=TimeTicks:537615486
378 .It sysLocation=OctetString:"@ Home" (with Fl o Ar verbose No option)
379 .It sysLocation.0="@ Home"
380 .It 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.6.1=OctetString:ffffffffffff
381 .It ifPhysAddress.1="00:02:b3:1d:1c:a3"
382 .It ifRcvAddressStatus.1.6.255.255.255.255.255.255=1
383 .It "ifRcvAddressStatus[Integer:1,OctetString:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff]=Integer:1"
389 where syntax string is one of:
390 Integer, OctetString, OID, IpAddress, Counter32, Gauge, TimeTicks, Counter64.
392 The value to be set - IP address in form of u.u.u.u - for example
393 1.3.1.6.1.2.0=IpAddress:192.168.0.1, strings require inverted-commas if they
394 contain any special characters or spaces, all other numeric types don't.
402 use the following environment variables:
403 .Bl -tag -width SNMPAUTH
405 Specifies a default SNMP USM authentication protocol.
407 Specifies a default SNMP USM privacy protocol.
409 Specifies a default SNMP USM user name.
411 Specifies the SNMP USM plain text password to use when calculating localized
412 authentication and privacy keys. If this variable exists in the environment,
413 SMNPv3 is the default version to use for outgoing requests.
418 .An Shteryana Shopova Aq syrinx@FreeBSD.org