usr.sbin/jail/jail.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1999 Poul-Henning Kamp.
   3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 James Gritton
   4  * All rights reserved.
   5  *
   6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   8  * are met:
   9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  14  *
  15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  26  */
  27
  28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  30
  31 #include <sys/types.h>
  32 #include <sys/stat.h>
  33 #include <sys/socket.h>
  34 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  35
  36 #include <arpa/inet.h>
  37 #include <netinet/in.h>
  38
  39 #include <err.h>
  40 #include <errno.h>
  41 #include <stdarg.h>
  42 #include <stdio.h>
  43 #include <stdlib.h>
  44 #include <string.h>
  45 #include <unistd.h>
  46
  47 #include "jailp.h"
  48
  49 #define JP_RDTUN(jp)    (((jp)->jp_ctltype & CTLFLAG_RDTUN) == CTLFLAG_RDTUN)
  50
  51 struct permspec {
  52         const char      *name;
  53         enum intparam   ipnum;
  54         int             rev;
  55 };
  56
  57 const char *cfname;
  58 int iflag;
  59 int note_remove;
  60 int verbose;
  61
  62 static void clear_persist(struct cfjail *j);
  63 static int update_jail(struct cfjail *j);
  64 static int rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail);
  65 static void running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag);
  66 static void jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
  67     const char *noname_msg);
  68 static int jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp,
  69     unsigned njp, int flags);
  70 static void print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl);
  71 static void print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname);
  72 static void quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str);
  73 static void usage(void);
  74
  75 static struct permspec perm_sysctl[] = {
  76     { "security.jail.set_hostname_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SET_HOSTNAME, 0 },
  77     { "security.jail.sysvipc_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SYSVIPC, 0 },
  78     { "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets", KP_ALLOW_RAW_SOCKETS, 0 },
  79     { "security.jail.chflags_allowed", KP_ALLOW_CHFLAGS, 0 },
  80     { "security.jail.mount_allowed", KP_ALLOW_MOUNT, 0 },
  81     { "security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only", KP_ALLOW_SOCKET_AF, 1 },
  82 };
  83
  84 static const enum intparam startcommands[] = {
  85     IP__NULL,
  86 #ifdef INET
  87     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
  88 #endif
  89 #ifdef INET6
  90     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
  91 #endif
  92     IP_MOUNT,
  93     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
  94     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
  95     IP_EXEC_PRESTART,
  96     IP__OP,
  97     IP_VNET_INTERFACE,
  98     IP_EXEC_START,
  99     IP_COMMAND,
 100     IP_EXEC_POSTSTART,
 101     IP__NULL
 102 };
 103
 104 static const enum intparam stopcommands[] = {
 105     IP__NULL,
 106     IP_EXEC_PRESTOP,
 107     IP_EXEC_STOP,
 108     IP_STOP_TIMEOUT,
 109     IP__OP,
 110     IP_EXEC_POSTSTOP,
 111     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
 112     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
 113     IP_MOUNT,
 114 #ifdef INET6
 115     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
 116 #endif
 117 #ifdef INET
 118     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
 119 #endif
 120     IP__NULL
 121 };
 122
 123 int
 124 main(int argc, char **argv)
 125 {
 126         struct stat st;
 127         FILE *jfp;
 128         struct cfjail *j;
 129         char *JidFile;
 130         size_t sysvallen;
 131         unsigned op, pi;
 132         int ch, docf, error, i, oldcl, sysval;
 133         int dflag, Rflag;
 134         char enforce_statfs[4];
 135 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
 136         char *cs, *ncs;
 137 #endif
 138 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
 139         struct in6_addr addr6;
 140 #endif
 141
 142         op = 0;
 143         dflag = Rflag = 0;
 144         docf = 1;
 145         cfname = CONF_FILE;
 146         JidFile = NULL;
 147
 148         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cdf:hiJ:lmn:p:qrRs:u:U:v")) != -1) {
 149                 switch (ch) {
 150                 case 'c':
 151                         op |= JF_START;
 152                         break;
 153                 case 'd':
 154                         dflag = 1;
 155                         break;
 156                 case 'f':
 157                         cfname = optarg;
 158                         break;
 159                 case 'h':
 160 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
 161                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_IP_HOSTNAME, NULL);
 162 #endif
 163                         docf = 0;
 164                         break;
 165                 case 'i':
 166                         iflag = 1;
 167                         verbose = -1;
 168                         break;
 169                 case 'J':
 170                         JidFile = optarg;
 171                         break;
 172                 case 'l':
 173                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_CLEAN, NULL);
 174                         docf = 0;
 175                         break;
 176                 case 'm':
 177                         op |= JF_SET;
 178                         break;
 179                 case 'n':
 180                         add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_NAME, optarg);
 181                         docf = 0;
 182                         break;
 183                 case 'p':
 184                         paralimit = strtol(optarg, NULL, 10);
 185                         if (paralimit == 0)
 186                                 paralimit = -1;
 187                         break;
 188                 case 'q':
 189                         verbose = -1;
 190                         break;
 191                 case 'r':
 192                         op |= JF_STOP;
 193                         break;
 194                 case 'R':
 195                         op |= JF_STOP;
 196                         Rflag = 1;
 197                         break;
 198                 case 's':
 199                         add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_SECURELEVEL, optarg);
 200                         docf = 0;
 201                         break;
 202                 case 'u':
 203                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
 204                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER, NULL);
 205                         docf = 0;
 206                         break;
 207                 case 'U':
 208                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
 209                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER,
 210                             "false");
 211                         docf = 0;
 212                         break;
 213                 case 'v':
 214                         verbose = 1;
 215                         break;
 216                 default:
 217                         usage();
 218                 }
 219         }
 220         argc -= optind;
 221         argv += optind;
 222
 223         /* Find out which of the four command line styles this is. */
 224         oldcl = 0;
 225         if (!op) {
 226                 /* Old-style command line with four fixed parameters */
 227                 if (argc < 4 || argv[0][0] != '/')
 228                         usage();
 229                 op = JF_START;
 230                 docf = 0;
 231                 oldcl = 1;
 232                 add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_PATH, argv[0]);
 233                 add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_HOST_HOSTNAME, argv[1]);
 234 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
 235                 if (argv[2][0] != '\0') {
 236                         for (cs = argv[2];; cs = ncs + 1) {
 237                                 ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
 238                                 if (ncs)
 239                                         *ncs = '\0';
 240                                 add_param(NULL, NULL,
 241 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
 242                                     inet_pton(AF_INET6, cs, &addr6) == 1
 243                                     ? KP_IP6_ADDR : KP_IP4_ADDR,
 244 #elif defined(INET)
 245                                     KP_IP4_ADDR,
 246 #elif defined(INET6)
 247                                     KP_IP6_ADDR,
 248 #endif
 249                                     cs);
 250                                 if (!ncs)
 251                                         break;
 252                         }
 253                 }
 254 #endif
 255                 for (i = 3; i < argc; i++)
 256                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND, argv[i]);
 257                 /* Emulate the defaults from security.jail.* sysctls. */
 258                 sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
 259                 if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.jailed", &sysval, &sysvallen,
 260                     NULL, 0) == 0 && sysval == 0) {
 261                         for (pi = 0; pi < sizeof(perm_sysctl) /
 262                              sizeof(perm_sysctl[0]); pi++) {
 263                                 sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
 264                                 if (sysctlbyname(perm_sysctl[pi].name,
 265                                     &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0)
 266                                         add_param(NULL, NULL,
 267                                             perm_sysctl[pi].ipnum,
 268                                             (sysval ? 1 : 0) ^
 269                                             perm_sysctl[pi].rev
 270                                             ? NULL : "false");
 271                         }
 272                         sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
 273                         if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.enforce_statfs",
 274                             &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0) {
 275                                 snprintf(enforce_statfs,
 276                                     sizeof(enforce_statfs), "%d", sysval);
 277                                 add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_ENFORCE_STATFS,
 278                                     enforce_statfs);
 279                         }
 280                 }
 281         } else if (op == JF_STOP) {
 282                 /* Jail remove, perhaps using the config file */
 283                 if (!docf || argc == 0)
 284                         usage();
 285                 if (!Rflag)
 286                         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 287                                 if (strchr(argv[i], '='))
 288                                         usage();
 289                 if ((docf = !Rflag &&
 290                      (!strcmp(cfname, "-") || stat(cfname, &st) == 0)))
 291                         load_config();
 292                 note_remove = docf || argc > 1 || wild_jail_name(argv[0]);
 293         } else if (argc > 1 || (argc == 1 && strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
 294                 /* Single jail specified on the command line */
 295                 if (Rflag)
 296                         usage();
 297                 docf = 0;
 298                 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 299                         if (!strncmp(argv[i], "command", 7) &&
 300                             (argv[i][7] == '\0' || argv[i][7] == '=')) {
 301                                 if (argv[i][7]  == '=')
 302                                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
 303                                             argv[i] + 8);
 304                                 for (i++; i < argc; i++)
 305                                         add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
 306                                             argv[i]);
 307                         }
 308 #ifdef INET
 309                         else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip4.addr=", 9)) {
 310                                 for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
 311                                         ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
 312                                         if (ncs)
 313                                                 *ncs = '\0';
 314                                         add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP4_ADDR, cs);
 315                                         if (!ncs)
 316                                                 break;
 317                                 }
 318                         }
 319 #endif
 320 #ifdef INET6
 321                         else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip6.addr=", 9)) {
 322                                 for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
 323                                         ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
 324                                         if (ncs)
 325                                                 *ncs = '\0';
 326                                         add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP6_ADDR, cs);
 327                                         if (!ncs)
 328                                                 break;
 329                                 }
 330                         }
 331 #endif
 332                         else
 333                                 add_param(NULL, NULL, 0, argv[i]);
 334                 }
 335         } else {
 336                 /* From the config file, perhaps with a specified jail */
 337                 if (Rflag || !docf)
 338                         usage();
 339                 load_config();
 340         }
 341
 342         /* Find out which jails will be run. */
 343         dep_setup(docf);
 344         error = 0;
 345         if (op == JF_STOP) {
 346                 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
 347                         if (start_state(argv[i], docf, op, Rflag) < 0)
 348                                 error = 1;
 349         } else {
 350                 if (start_state(argv[0], docf, op, 0) < 0)
 351                         exit(1);
 352         }
 353
 354         jfp = NULL;
 355         if (JidFile != NULL) {
 356                 jfp = fopen(JidFile, "w");
 357                 if (jfp == NULL)
 358                         err(1, "open %s", JidFile);
 359                 setlinebuf(jfp);
 360         }
 361         setlinebuf(stdout);
 362
 363         /*
 364          * The main loop: Get an available jail and perform the required
 365          * operation on it.  When that is done, the jail may be finished,
 366          * or it may go back for the next step.
 367          */
 368         while ((j = next_jail()))
 369         {
 370                 if (j->flags & JF_FAILED) {
 371                         error = 1;
 372                         if (j->comparam == NULL) {
 373                                 dep_done(j, 0);
 374                                 continue;
 375                         }
 376                 }
 377                 if (!(j->flags & JF_PARAMS))
 378                 {
 379                         j->flags |= JF_PARAMS;
 380                         if (dflag)
 381                                 add_param(j, NULL, IP_ALLOW_DYING, NULL);
 382                         if (check_intparams(j) < 0)
 383                                 continue;
 384                         if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_SET)) &&
 385                             import_params(j) < 0)
 386                                 continue;
 387                 }
 388                 if (!j->jid)
 389                         running_jid(j,
 390                             (j->flags & (JF_SET | JF_DEPEND)) == JF_SET
 391                             ? dflag || bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
 392                             : 0);
 393                 if (finish_command(j))
 394                         continue;
 395
 396                 switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
 397                         /*
 398                          * These operations just turn into a different op
 399                          * depending on the jail's current status.
 400                          */
 401                 case JF_START_SET:
 402                         j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START : JF_SET;
 403                         break;
 404                 case JF_SET_RESTART:
 405                         if (j->jid < 0) {
 406                                 jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
 407                                     "no jail specified");
 408                                 failed(j);
 409                                 continue;
 410                         }
 411                         j->flags = rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
 412                         if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
 413                                 dep_reset(j);
 414                         break;
 415                 case JF_START_SET_RESTART:
 416                         j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START
 417                             : rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
 418                         if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
 419                                 dep_reset(j);
 420                 }
 421
 422                 switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
 423                 case JF_START:
 424                         if (j->comparam == NULL) {
 425                                 if (j->jid > 0 &&
 426                                     !(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND | JF_WILD))) {
 427                                         jail_quoted_warnx(j, "already exists",
 428                                             NULL);
 429                                         failed(j);
 430                                         continue;
 431                                 }
 432                                 if (dep_check(j))
 433                                         continue;
 434                                 if (j->jid > 0)
 435                                         goto jail_create_done;
 436                                 j->comparam = startcommands;
 437                                 j->comstring = NULL;
 438                         }
 439                         if (next_command(j))
 440                                 continue;
 441                 jail_create_done:
 442                         clear_persist(j);
 443                         if (jfp != NULL)
 444                                 print_jail(jfp, j, oldcl);
 445                         dep_done(j, 0);
 446                         break;
 447
 448                 case JF_SET:
 449                         if (j->jid < 0 && !(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
 450                                 jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
 451                                     "no jail specified");
 452                                 failed(j);
 453                                 continue;
 454                         }
 455                         if (dep_check(j))
 456                                 continue;
 457                         if (!(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
 458                                 if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0 ||
 459                                     update_jail(j) < 0)
 460                                         continue;
 461                                 if (verbose >= 0 && (j->name || verbose > 0))
 462                                         jail_note(j, "updated\n");
 463                         }
 464                         dep_done(j, 0);
 465                         break;
 466
 467                 case JF_STOP:
 468                 case JF_RESTART:
 469                         if (j->comparam == NULL) {
 470                                 if (dep_check(j))
 471                                         continue;
 472                                 if (j->jid < 0) {
 473                                         if (!(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND | JF_WILD))
 474                                             && verbose >= 0)
 475                                                 jail_quoted_warnx(j,
 476                                                     "not found", NULL);
 477                                         goto jail_remove_done;
 478                                 }
 479                                 j->comparam = stopcommands;
 480                                 j->comstring = NULL;
 481                         } else if ((j->flags & JF_FAILED) && j->jid > 0)
 482                                 goto jail_remove_done;
 483                         if (next_command(j))
 484                                 continue;
 485                 jail_remove_done:
 486                         dep_done(j, 0);
 487                         if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_FAILED)) == JF_START) {
 488                                 j->comparam = NULL;
 489                                 j->flags &= ~JF_STOP;
 490                                 dep_reset(j);
 491                                 requeue(j, j->ndeps ? &depend : &ready);
 492                         }
 493                         break;
 494                 }
 495         }
 496
 497         if (jfp != NULL)
 498                 fclose(jfp);
 499         exit(error);
 500 }
 501
 502 /*
 503  * Mark a jail's failure for future handling.
 504  */
 505 void
 506 failed(struct cfjail *j)
 507 {
 508         j->flags |= JF_FAILED;
 509         TAILQ_REMOVE(j->queue, j, tq);
 510         TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ready, j, tq);
 511         j->queue = &ready;
 512 }
 513
 514 /*
 515  * Exit slightly more gracefully when out of memory.
 516  */
 517 void *
 518 emalloc(size_t size)
 519 {
 520         void *p;
 521
 522         p = malloc(size);
 523         if (!p)
 524                 err(1, "malloc");
 525         return p;
 526 }
 527
 528 void *
 529 erealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
 530 {
 531         void *p;
 532
 533         p = realloc(ptr, size);
 534         if (!p)
 535                 err(1, "malloc");
 536         return p;
 537 }
 538
 539 char *
 540 estrdup(const char *str)
 541 {
 542         char *ns;
 543
 544         ns = strdup(str);
 545         if (!ns)
 546                 err(1, "malloc");
 547         return ns;
 548 }
 549
 550 /*
 551  * Print a message including an optional jail name.
 552  */
 553 void
 554 jail_note(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
 555 {
 556         va_list ap, tap;
 557         char *cs;
 558         size_t len;
 559
 560         va_start(ap, fmt);
 561         va_copy(tap, ap);
 562         len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
 563         va_end(tap);
 564         cs = alloca(len + 1);
 565         (void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
 566         va_end(ap);
 567         if (j->name)
 568                 printf("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
 569         else
 570                 printf("%s", cs);
 571 }
 572
 573 /*
 574  * Print a warning message including an optional jail name.
 575  */
 576 void
 577 jail_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
 578 {
 579         va_list ap, tap;
 580         char *cs;
 581         size_t len;
 582
 583         va_start(ap, fmt);
 584         va_copy(tap, ap);
 585         len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
 586         va_end(tap);
 587         cs = alloca(len + 1);
 588         (void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
 589         va_end(ap);
 590         if (j->name)
 591                 warnx("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
 592         else
 593                 warnx("%s", cs);
 594 }
 595
 596 /*
 597  * Create a new jail.
 598  */
 599 int
 600 create_jail(struct cfjail *j)
 601 {
 602         struct iovec jiov[4];
 603         struct stat st;
 604         struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *setparams2, *sjp;
 605         const char *path;
 606         int dopersist, ns, jid, dying, didfail;
 607
 608         /*
 609          * Check the jail's path, with a better error message than jail_set
 610          * gives.
 611          */
 612         if ((path = string_param(j->intparams[KP_PATH]))) {
 613                 if (j->name != NULL && path[0] != '/') {
 614                         jail_warnx(j, "path %s: not an absolute pathname",
 615                             path);
 616                         return -1;
 617                 }
 618                 if (stat(path, &st) < 0) {
 619                         jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
 620                         return -1;
 621                 }
 622                 if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 623                         jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(ENOTDIR));
 624                         return -1;
 625                 }
 626         }
 627
 628         /*
 629          * Copy all the parameters, except that "persist" is always set when
 630          * there are commands to run later.
 631          */
 632         dopersist = !bool_param(j->intparams[KP_PERSIST]) &&
 633             (j->intparams[IP_EXEC_START] || j->intparams[IP_COMMAND] ||
 634              j->intparams[IP_EXEC_POSTSTART]);
 635         sjp = setparams =
 636             alloca((j->njp + dopersist) * sizeof(struct jailparam));
 637         if (dopersist && jailparam_init(sjp++, "persist") < 0) {
 638                 jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
 639                 return -1;
 640         }
 641         for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
 642                 if (!dopersist || !equalopts(jp->jp_name, "persist"))
 643                         *sjp++ = *jp;
 644         ns = sjp - setparams;
 645
 646         didfail = 0;
 647         j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
 648         if (j->jid < 0 && errno == EEXIST &&
 649             bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) &&
 650             int_param(j->intparams[KP_JID], &jid) && jid != 0) {
 651                 /*
 652                  * The jail already exists, but may be dying.
 653                  * Make sure it is, in which case an update is appropriate.
 654                  */
 655                 *(const void **)&jiov[0].iov_base = "jid";
 656                 jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
 657                 jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
 658                 jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
 659                 *(const void **)&jiov[2].iov_base = "dying";
 660                 jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("dying");
 661                 jiov[3].iov_base = &dying;
 662                 jiov[3].iov_len = sizeof(dying);
 663                 if (jail_get(jiov, 4, JAIL_DYING) < 0) {
 664                         /*
 665                          * It could be that the jail just barely finished
 666                          * dying, or it could be that the jid never existed
 667                          * but the name does.  In either case, another try
 668                          * at creating the jail should do the right thing.
 669                          */
 670                         if (errno == ENOENT)
 671                                 j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
 672                                     JAIL_CREATE);
 673                 } else if (dying) {
 674                         j->jid = jid;
 675                         if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0) {
 676                                 j->jid = -1;
 677                                 didfail = 1;
 678                         } else {
 679                                 sjp = setparams2 = alloca((j->njp + dopersist) *
 680                                     sizeof(struct jailparam));
 681                                 for (jp = setparams; jp < setparams + ns; jp++)
 682                                         if (!JP_RDTUN(jp) ||
 683                                             !strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
 684                                                 *sjp++ = *jp;
 685                                 j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams2,
 686                                     sjp - setparams2, JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING);
 687                                 /*
 688                                  * Again, perhaps the jail just finished dying.
 689                                  */
 690                                 if (j->jid < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
 691                                         j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j,
 692                                             setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
 693                         }
 694                 }
 695         }
 696         if (j->jid < 0 && !didfail) {
 697                 jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
 698                 failed(j);
 699         }
 700         if (dopersist) {
 701                 jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
 702                 if (j->jid > 0)
 703                         j->flags |= JF_PERSIST;
 704         }
 705         return j->jid;
 706 }
 707
 708 /*
 709  * Remove a temporarily set "persist" parameter.
 710  */
 711 static void
 712 clear_persist(struct cfjail *j)
 713 {
 714         struct iovec jiov[4];
 715         int jid;
 716
 717         if (!(j->flags & JF_PERSIST))
 718                 return;
 719         j->flags &= ~JF_PERSIST;
 720         *(const void **)&jiov[0].iov_base = "jid";
 721         jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
 722         jiov[1].iov_base = &j->jid;
 723         jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(j->jid);
 724         *(const void **)&jiov[2].iov_base = "nopersist";
 725         jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("nopersist");
 726         jiov[3].iov_base = NULL;
 727         jiov[3].iov_len = 0;
 728         jid = jail_set(jiov, 4, JAIL_UPDATE);
 729         if (verbose > 0)
 730                 jail_note(j, "jail_set(JAIL_UPDATE) jid=%d nopersist%s%s\n",
 731                     j->jid, jid < 0 ? ": " : "",
 732                     jid < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "");
 733 }
 734
 735 /*
 736  * Set a jail's parameters.
 737  */
 738 static int
 739 update_jail(struct cfjail *j)
 740 {
 741         struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *sjp;
 742         int ns, jid;
 743
 744         ns = 0;
 745         for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
 746                 if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
 747                         ns++;
 748         if (ns == 0)
 749                 return 0;
 750         sjp = setparams = alloca(++ns * sizeof(struct jailparam));
 751         if (jailparam_init(sjp, "jid") < 0 ||
 752             jailparam_import_raw(sjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
 753                 jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
 754                 failed(j);
 755                 return -1;
 756         }
 757         for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
 758                 if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
 759                         *++sjp = *jp;
 760
 761         jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
 762             bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
 763             ? JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING : JAIL_UPDATE);
 764         if (jid < 0) {
 765                 jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
 766                 failed(j);
 767         }
 768         jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
 769         return jid;
 770 }
 771
 772 /*
 773  * Return if a jail set would change any create-only parameters.
 774  */
 775 static int
 776 rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail)
 777 {
 778         struct jailparam *jp, *rtparams, *rtjp;
 779         int nrt, rval;
 780
 781         if (j->flags & JF_RDTUN)
 782                 return 0;
 783         j->flags |= JF_RDTUN;
 784         nrt = 0;
 785         for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
 786                 if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
 787                         nrt++;
 788         if (nrt == 0)
 789                 return 0;
 790         rtjp = rtparams = alloca(++nrt * sizeof(struct jailparam));
 791         if (jailparam_init(rtjp, "jid") < 0 ||
 792             jailparam_import_raw(rtjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
 793                 jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
 794                 exit(1);
 795         }
 796         for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
 797                 if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
 798                         *++rtjp = *jp;
 799         rval = 0;
 800         if (jailparam_get(rtparams, nrt,
 801             bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) ? JAIL_DYING : 0) > 0) {
 802                 rtjp = rtparams + 1;
 803                 for (jp = j->jp, rtjp = rtparams + 1; rtjp < rtparams + nrt;
 804                      jp++) {
 805                         if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
 806                                 if (!((jp->jp_flags & (JP_BOOL | JP_NOBOOL)) &&
 807                                     jp->jp_valuelen == 0 &&
 808                                     *(int *)jp->jp_value) &&
 809                                     !(rtjp->jp_valuelen == jp->jp_valuelen &&
 810                                     !memcmp(rtjp->jp_value, jp->jp_value,
 811                                     jp->jp_valuelen))) {
 812                                         if (dofail) {
 813                                                 jail_warnx(j, "%s cannot be "
 814                                                     "changed after creation",
 815                                                     jp->jp_name);
 816                                                 failed(j);
 817                                                 rval = -1;
 818                                         } else
 819                                                 rval = 1;
 820                                         break;
 821                                 }
 822                                 rtjp++;
 823                         }
 824                 }
 825         }
 826         for (rtjp = rtparams + 1; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; rtjp++)
 827                 rtjp->jp_name = NULL;
 828         jailparam_free(rtparams, nrt);
 829         return rval;
 830 }
 831
 832 /*
 833  * Get the jail's jid if it is running.
 834  */
 835 static void
 836 running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag)
 837 {
 838         struct iovec jiov[2];
 839         const char *pval;
 840         char *ep;
 841         int jid;
 842
 843         if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID]))) {
 844                 if (!(jid = strtol(pval, &ep, 10)) || *ep) {
 845                         j->jid = -1;
 846                         return;
 847                 }
 848                 *(const void **)&jiov[0].iov_base = "jid";
 849                 jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
 850                 jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
 851                 jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
 852         } else if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME]))) {
 853                 *(const void **)&jiov[0].iov_base = "name";
 854                 jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("name");
 855                 jiov[1].iov_len = strlen(pval) + 1;
 856                 jiov[1].iov_base = alloca(jiov[1].iov_len);
 857                 strcpy(jiov[1].iov_base, pval);
 858         } else {
 859                 j->jid = -1;
 860                 return;
 861         }
 862         j->jid = jail_get(jiov, 2, dflag ? JAIL_DYING : 0);
 863 }
 864
 865 static void
 866 jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
 867     const char *noname_msg)
 868 {
 869         const char *pval;
 870
 871         if ((pval = j->name) || (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID])) ||
 872             (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME])))
 873                 warnx("\"%s\" %s", pval, name_msg);
 874         else
 875                 warnx("%s", noname_msg);
 876 }
 877
 878 /*
 879  * Set jail parameters and possible print them out.
 880  */
 881 static int
 882 jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp, unsigned njp,
 883     int flags)
 884 {
 885         char *value;
 886         int jid;
 887         unsigned i;
 888
 889         jid = jailparam_set(jp, njp, flags);
 890         if (verbose > 0) {
 891                 jail_note(j, "jail_set(%s%s)",
 892                     (flags & (JAIL_CREATE | JAIL_UPDATE)) == JAIL_CREATE
 893                     ? "JAIL_CREATE" : "JAIL_UPDATE",
 894                     (flags & JAIL_DYING) ? " | JAIL_DYING" : "");
 895                 for (i = 0; i < njp; i++) {
 896                         printf(" %s", jp[i].jp_name);
 897                         if (jp[i].jp_value == NULL)
 898                                 continue;
 899                         putchar('=');
 900                         value = jailparam_export(jp + i);
 901                         if (value == NULL)
 902                                 err(1, "jailparam_export");
 903                         quoted_print(stdout, value);
 904                         free(value);
 905                 }
 906                 if (jid < 0)
 907                         printf(": %s", strerror(errno));
 908                 printf("\n");
 909         }
 910         return jid;
 911 }
 912
 913 /*
 914  * Print a jail record.
 915  */
 916 static void
 917 print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl)
 918 {
 919         struct cfparam *p;
 920
 921         if (oldcl) {
 922                 fprintf(fp, "%d\t", j->jid);
 923                 print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_PATH], ',', 0);
 924                 putc('\t', fp);
 925                 print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_HOST_HOSTNAME], ',', 0);
 926                 putc('\t', fp);
 927 #ifdef INET
 928                 print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR], ',', 0);
 929 #ifdef INET6
 930                 if (j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR] &&
 931                     !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR]->val) &&
 932                     j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR] &&
 933                     !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR]->val))
 934                     putc(',', fp);
 935 #endif
 936 #endif
 937 #ifdef INET6
 938                 print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR], ',', 0);
 939 #endif
 940                 putc('\t', fp);
 941                 print_param(fp, j->intparams[IP_COMMAND], ' ', 0);
 942         } else {
 943                 fprintf(fp, "jid=%d", j->jid);
 944                 TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &j->params, tq)
 945                         if (strcmp(p->name, "jid")) {
 946                                 putc(' ', fp);
 947                                 print_param(fp, p, ',', 1);
 948                         }
 949         }
 950         putc('\n', fp);
 951 }
 952
 953 /*
 954  * Print a parameter value, or a name=value pair.
 955  */
 956 static void
 957 print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname)
 958 {
 959         const struct cfstring *s, *ts;
 960
 961         if (doname)
 962                 fputs(p->name, fp);
 963         if (p == NULL || TAILQ_EMPTY(&p->val))
 964                 return;
 965         if (doname)
 966                 putc('=', fp);
 967         TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(s, &p->val, tq, ts) {
 968                 quoted_print(fp, s->s);
 969                 if (ts != NULL)
 970                         putc(sep, fp);
 971         }
 972 }
 973
 974 /*
 975  * Print a string with quotes around spaces.
 976  */
 977 static void
 978 quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str)
 979 {
 980         int c, qc;
 981         char *p = str;
 982
 983         qc = !*p ? '"'
 984             : strchr(p, '\'') ? '"'
 985             : strchr(p, '"') ? '\''
 986             : strchr(p, ' ') || strchr(p, '\t') ? '"'
 987             : 0;
 988         if (qc)
 989                 putc(qc, fp);
 990         while ((c = *p++)) {
 991                 if (c == '\\' || c == qc)
 992                         putc('\\', fp);
 993                 putc(c, fp);
 994         }
 995         if (qc)
 996                 putc(qc, fp);
 997 }
 998
 999 static void
1000 usage(void)
1001 {
1002
1003         (void)fprintf(stderr,
1004             "usage: jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1005             "            -[cmr] param=value ... [command=command ...]\n"
1006             "       jail [-dqv] [-f file] -[cmr] [jail]\n"
1007             "       jail [-qv] [-f file] -[rR] ['*' | jail ...]\n"
1008             "       jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1009             "            [-n jailname] [-s securelevel]\n"
1010             "            path hostname [ip[,...]] command ...\n");
1011         exit(1);
1012 }