1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 20160316 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
15 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
17 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
18 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
20 20160310 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:13.bind
21 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl [revised]
23 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of BIND. [SA-16:13]
25 Fix a regression with OpenSSL patch. [SA-16:12]
27 20160303 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
29 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
31 20160130 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
33 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
35 20160127 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:08.bind
37 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
39 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-16:08]
41 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
43 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
44 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
46 20160114 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
48 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
50 20160114 p33 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
51 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
54 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
55 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
57 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
59 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
60 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
61 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
62 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
63 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
64 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
65 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
66 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
68 20151216 p32 FreeBSD-SA-15:27.bind
69 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:27]
71 20151205 p31 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
73 Fix OpenSSL X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak. [SA-15:26]
75 20151104 p30 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
76 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
79 Fix regression of ntpq(8) utility exiting due to trap 6 in
80 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
82 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
83 clock in 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
85 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
87 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
88 memory address. [EN-15:20]
90 20151026: p29 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
92 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
94 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
95 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
96 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
97 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
99 20151002: p28 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
100 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
102 20150929: p27 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
104 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
106 20150916: p26 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
108 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
110 20150902: p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:23.bind
112 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:23]
114 20150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
115 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
118 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
120 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
122 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
125 20150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
127 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
130 20150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
132 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability.
134 20150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp
135 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
136 FreeBSD-SA-15:17.bind
138 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
140 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
142 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17]
144 20150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
146 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
149 20150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind
150 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating.
152 20150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
153 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
155 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
157 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
160 20150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
161 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
163 20150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
164 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
166 20150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
168 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
171 20150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
173 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
174 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
176 20150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
178 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
180 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
182 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
184 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
187 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
189 20150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
190 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
192 20150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
193 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind
195 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
196 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
198 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
200 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05]
202 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
204 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02]
206 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
208 20150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
209 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
211 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
212 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
214 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
216 20150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
217 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
219 20141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
220 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
222 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
223 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
225 20141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
226 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind
228 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
231 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29]
233 20141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin
237 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2).
240 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26]
242 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12]
244 20141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata
245 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt
247 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10]
249 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11]
251 20141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold
252 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed
253 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei
254 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl
256 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20]
258 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21]
260 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22]
262 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23]
264 20140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
265 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
267 20140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
268 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
274 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
275 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
276 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
277 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
278 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
281 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
284 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
287 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
288 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
289 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
290 the nfe(4) driver instead.
293 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
294 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
295 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
296 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
297 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
298 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
299 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
300 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
301 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505.
307 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
308 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
309 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
310 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
311 subdirectories must be reviewed.
314 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
315 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
318 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
319 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
320 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
321 write access to that file.
324 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
325 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
327 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
328 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant
329 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0
330 to disable this behaviour.
332 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
333 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
334 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
336 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
337 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
340 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
341 equivalent of `status' command.
342 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
343 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
344 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
347 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
348 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
349 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
350 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
351 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
352 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
353 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
356 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
357 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
358 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
359 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
360 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
364 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
367 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
368 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
369 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
370 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
371 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
372 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
373 used expected to be extremely rare.
376 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to
377 zpool-features(7) for more information.
379 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
380 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
383 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs
384 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be
388 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
389 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
390 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
396 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE.
397 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
398 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
399 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
400 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
401 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
402 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
403 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
404 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
407 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional
408 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk
409 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work
410 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the
411 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829.
414 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
415 functionality now turned on by default.
418 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
419 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
420 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
421 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
422 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
426 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with
427 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld
428 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel
429 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work.
432 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
433 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
434 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
437 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
438 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
439 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
440 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
441 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
442 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
445 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
449 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
450 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
453 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
454 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
455 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
461 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
462 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
465 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
466 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
467 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
468 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
469 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
470 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
471 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
472 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
473 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
474 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
477 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
478 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
479 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
480 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
483 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
484 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
485 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
486 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
488 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
489 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
490 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
493 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
494 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
495 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
496 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
499 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
501 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
502 The following sysctl is retired:
503 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
504 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
505 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
506 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
507 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
508 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
509 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
510 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
511 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
512 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
516 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
520 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
521 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
522 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
526 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
529 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
530 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
531 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
532 drivers need to be recompiled.
534 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
535 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
536 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
537 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
541 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
542 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
545 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
546 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
547 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
548 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
549 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
550 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
551 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
552 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
553 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
554 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
555 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
557 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
559 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
560 a diskless root fs use the old client.
563 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
564 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
565 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
566 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
567 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
568 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
569 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
570 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
571 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
572 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
573 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
574 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
576 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
577 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
578 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
579 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
580 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
581 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
582 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
583 them are parts of the cam module.
585 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
586 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
587 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
589 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
590 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
591 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
596 , and instead add back:
597 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
598 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
599 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
600 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
601 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
604 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
605 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
606 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
607 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
608 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
609 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
612 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
613 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
614 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
617 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
618 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
619 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
620 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
621 in order to use ath on everything else.
623 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
624 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
627 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
628 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
629 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
632 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
633 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
634 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
635 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
636 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
637 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
640 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
641 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
642 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
643 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
644 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
646 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
647 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
650 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
651 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
652 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
653 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
654 The function remains undocumented.
657 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
658 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
659 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
660 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
661 systems where the define is not present can check against
662 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
664 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
665 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
666 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
667 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
668 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
669 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
672 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
673 the following warning:
674 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
675 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
676 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
677 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
678 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
679 install it on your system.
681 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
682 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
683 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
684 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
687 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
688 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
689 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
690 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
694 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
695 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
696 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
697 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
698 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
699 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
700 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
701 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
702 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
703 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
704 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
706 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
708 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
709 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
710 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
711 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
712 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
713 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
714 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
716 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
717 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
720 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
721 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
722 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
723 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
724 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
727 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
728 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
729 migrate local entries to the new format.
732 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
733 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
737 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
738 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
739 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
740 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
741 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
742 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
745 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
746 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
748 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
749 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
750 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
753 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
754 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
755 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
756 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
757 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
759 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
760 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
761 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
764 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
765 now i386 and amd64 only.
766 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
767 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
768 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
769 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
770 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
771 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
774 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
775 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
778 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
779 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
780 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
781 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
782 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
783 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
784 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
785 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
786 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
787 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
788 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
791 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
792 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
793 machine powerpc powerpc
795 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
799 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
800 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
801 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
802 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
803 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
806 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
807 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
808 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
809 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
810 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
813 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
814 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
815 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
816 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
818 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
819 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
820 to unwanted behavior.
823 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
824 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
825 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
826 be modified accordingly.
829 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
830 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
831 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
832 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
833 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
834 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
836 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
837 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
838 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
841 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
842 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
843 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
844 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
845 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
848 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
849 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
850 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
853 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
854 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
855 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
856 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
857 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
859 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
860 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
861 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
863 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
869 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
870 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
871 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
872 operation of applications on the console.
874 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
875 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
876 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
879 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
880 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
881 performed by syscons(4).
884 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
885 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
886 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
888 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
889 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
893 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
894 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
895 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
896 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
897 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
901 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
902 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
904 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
905 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
906 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
908 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
909 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
911 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
914 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
915 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
917 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
918 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
919 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
921 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
922 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
923 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
924 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
925 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
926 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
927 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
928 using ifconfig(8) like:
930 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
932 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
935 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
937 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
938 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
939 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
940 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
941 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
944 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
945 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
948 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
949 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
950 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
951 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
952 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
953 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
956 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
957 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
960 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
961 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
962 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
966 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
967 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
968 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
971 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
972 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
975 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
976 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
977 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
980 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
981 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
982 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
985 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
986 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
987 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
988 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
989 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
992 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
993 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
994 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
995 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
996 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
999 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1000 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1001 may need to be adjusted.
1004 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1005 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1006 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1007 with routing sockets.
1010 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1011 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1012 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1015 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1016 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1017 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1021 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1022 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1023 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1026 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1027 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1028 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1029 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1030 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1031 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1032 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1033 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1035 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1036 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1037 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1038 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1039 authentication method is used.
1042 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1043 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1044 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1045 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1046 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1049 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1050 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1053 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1057 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1058 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1061 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1062 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1065 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1066 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1070 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1071 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1073 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1076 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1080 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1081 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1084 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1086 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1089 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1090 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1091 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1092 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1093 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1094 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1097 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1098 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1101 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1103 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1106 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1107 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1110 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1111 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1114 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1115 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1116 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1117 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1118 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1121 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1122 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1123 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1124 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1125 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1126 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1129 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1130 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1131 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1132 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1134 For kernel developers:
1136 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1137 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1138 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1140 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1141 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1142 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1143 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1145 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1146 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1147 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1148 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1149 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1150 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1151 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1152 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1153 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1154 multicast membership on-link.
1155 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1156 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1157 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1159 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1160 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1162 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1163 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1166 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1167 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1168 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1169 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1171 For application developers:
1173 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1176 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1177 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1179 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1180 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1181 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1182 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1184 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1185 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1186 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1187 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1188 Multicast Source Filters'.
1190 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1192 For systems administrators:
1194 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1195 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1196 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1197 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1198 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1200 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1201 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1203 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1204 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1205 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1206 recommended for optimal system performance.
1208 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1209 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1210 back forwarded datagrams.
1212 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1215 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1216 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1219 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1220 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1221 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1222 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1225 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1226 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1227 state will require a world rebuild.
1228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1231 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1232 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1236 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1237 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1238 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1239 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1241 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1244 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1245 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1246 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1247 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1248 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1249 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1250 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1251 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1254 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1255 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1259 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1260 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1261 introduces some changes:
1263 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1264 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1265 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1267 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1268 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1269 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1270 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1272 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1273 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1274 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1277 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1280 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1281 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1282 (supported by sane).
1285 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1286 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1287 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1288 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1289 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1292 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1293 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1294 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1295 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1299 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1300 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1301 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1302 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1305 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1306 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1309 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1310 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1312 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1313 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1314 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1316 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1317 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1318 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1319 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1320 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1321 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1322 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1323 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1325 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1326 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1327 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1328 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1329 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1330 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1332 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1333 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1334 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1335 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1336 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1338 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1339 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1340 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1343 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1344 recompiled to reflect this.
1345 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1348 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1349 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1350 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1351 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1352 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1353 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1356 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1357 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1358 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1359 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1360 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1361 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1364 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1365 network device driver modules.
1368 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1369 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1372 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1373 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1374 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1375 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1376 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1380 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1381 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1382 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1386 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1387 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1389 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1390 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1391 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1394 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1395 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1396 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1397 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1398 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1399 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1401 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1402 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1404 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1405 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1408 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1409 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1410 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1413 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1414 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1415 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1416 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1420 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1421 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1424 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1425 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1426 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1427 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1428 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1429 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1432 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1433 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1434 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1435 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1438 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1439 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1440 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1441 in next mpd5.3 release.
1444 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1445 the base system (it was a port).
1448 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1449 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1452 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1453 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1454 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1455 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1456 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1457 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1458 none of the L2 information.
1461 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1462 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1464 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1466 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1470 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1471 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1472 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1473 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1476 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1477 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1478 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1479 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1480 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1484 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1485 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1486 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1487 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1490 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1493 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1494 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1495 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1496 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1497 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1503 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1504 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1508 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1509 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1510 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1511 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1512 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1513 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1514 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1517 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1518 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1519 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1520 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1521 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1524 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1530 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1532 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1533 cause compilation to fail.
1536 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1539 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1541 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1542 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1543 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1544 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1545 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1546 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1547 accepting the RSA key.
1549 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1550 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1553 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1554 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1555 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1559 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1560 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1561 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1563 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1564 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1565 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1566 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1567 use the new device names.
1569 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1570 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1571 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1572 at the loader prompt:
1574 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1575 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1576 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1577 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1581 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1585 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1586 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1587 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1588 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1591 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1592 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1595 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1596 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1597 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1598 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1599 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1602 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1603 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1604 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1605 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1606 For example, change:
1607 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1610 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1611 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1612 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1613 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1615 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1616 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1617 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1620 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1621 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1622 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1623 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1624 other operation levels.
1627 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1628 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1629 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1630 compatibility with any prior release:
1632 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1633 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1634 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1637 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1638 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1639 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1640 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1641 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1645 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1646 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1647 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1648 with older hardware easier to do.
1651 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1652 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1655 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1656 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1657 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1661 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1665 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1666 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1667 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1668 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1669 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1670 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1671 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1672 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1673 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1674 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1675 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1676 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1679 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1680 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1681 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1684 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1685 functionality is the default now.
1688 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1689 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1690 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1691 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1692 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1694 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1695 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1696 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1699 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1700 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1701 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1702 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1703 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1704 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1705 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1706 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1707 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1708 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1712 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1713 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1714 used kproc_start()..
1715 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1716 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1717 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1726 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1727 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1728 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1729 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1730 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1731 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1732 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1734 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1735 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1736 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1737 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1738 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1740 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1741 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1742 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1743 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1744 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1748 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1751 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1752 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1754 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1756 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1757 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1758 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1760 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1764 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1765 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1766 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1768 make kernel-toolchain
1769 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1770 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1772 To test a kernel once
1773 ---------------------
1774 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1775 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1776 debugging information) run
1777 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1778 nextboot -k testkernel
1780 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1781 --------------------------------------------------------------
1782 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1783 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1784 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1786 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1787 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1788 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1793 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1795 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1796 -----------------------------------------------------------
1797 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1798 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1800 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1802 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1804 <reboot in single user> [3]
1812 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1813 --------------------------------------------------
1814 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1815 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1816 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1819 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1822 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1823 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1824 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1825 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1826 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1827 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1828 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1829 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1830 <reboot into current>
1831 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1832 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1836 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1837 ----------------------------------------------
1838 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1840 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1842 <reboot in single user> [3]
1849 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1850 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1851 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1852 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1853 the UPDATING entries.
1855 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1856 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1857 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1858 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1859 much fewer pitfalls.
1861 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1862 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1865 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1870 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1871 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1872 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1874 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1875 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1876 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1877 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1878 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1879 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1880 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1882 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1883 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1884 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1885 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1886 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1887 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430.
1889 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1890 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1891 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1893 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1894 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1895 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1896 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1897 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1898 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1900 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1901 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1903 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1904 cvs prune empty directories.
1906 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1907 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1908 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1910 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1911 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1912 warn if it is improperly defined.
1915 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1916 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1917 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1918 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1919 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1921 Copyright information:
1923 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1925 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1926 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1927 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1929 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1930 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1931 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1932 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1933 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1934 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1935 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1936 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1937 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1938 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1939 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1941 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 9.3.git / blob