1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 20160517 p42 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
16 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
18 20160504 p41 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
21 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
23 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
25 20160429 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
27 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
29 20160316 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
30 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
32 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
33 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
35 20160310 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:13.bind
36 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl [revised]
38 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of BIND. [SA-16:13]
40 Fix a regression with OpenSSL patch. [SA-16:12]
42 20160303 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
44 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
46 20160130 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
48 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
50 20160127 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:08.bind
52 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
54 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-16:08]
56 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
58 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
59 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
61 20160114 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
63 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
65 20160114 p33 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
66 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
69 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
70 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
72 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
74 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
75 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
76 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
77 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
78 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
79 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
80 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
81 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
83 20151216 p32 FreeBSD-SA-15:27.bind
84 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:27]
86 20151205 p31 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
88 Fix OpenSSL X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak. [SA-15:26]
90 20151104 p30 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
91 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
94 Fix regression of ntpq(8) utility exiting due to trap 6 in
95 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
97 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
98 clock in 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
100 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
102 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
103 memory address. [EN-15:20]
105 20151026: p29 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
107 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
109 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
110 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
111 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
112 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
114 20151002: p28 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
115 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
117 20150929: p27 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
119 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
121 20150916: p26 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
123 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
125 20150902: p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:23.bind
127 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:23]
129 20150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
130 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
133 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
135 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
137 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
140 20150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
142 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
145 20150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
147 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability.
149 20150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp
150 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
151 FreeBSD-SA-15:17.bind
153 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
155 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
157 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17]
159 20150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
161 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
164 20150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind
165 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating.
167 20150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
168 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
170 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
172 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
175 20150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
176 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
178 20150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
179 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
181 20150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
183 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
186 20150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
188 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
189 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
191 20150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
193 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
195 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
197 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
199 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
202 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
204 20150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
205 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
207 20150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
208 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind
210 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
211 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
213 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
215 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05]
217 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
219 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02]
221 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
223 20150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
224 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
226 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
227 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
229 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
231 20150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
232 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
234 20141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
235 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
237 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
238 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
240 20141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
241 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind
243 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
246 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29]
248 20141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin
252 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2).
255 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26]
257 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12]
259 20141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata
260 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt
262 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10]
264 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11]
266 20141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold
267 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed
268 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei
269 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl
271 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20]
273 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21]
275 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22]
277 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23]
279 20140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
280 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
282 20140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
283 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
289 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
290 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
291 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
292 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
293 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
296 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
299 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
302 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
303 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
304 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
305 the nfe(4) driver instead.
308 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
309 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
310 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
311 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
312 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
313 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
314 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
315 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
316 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505.
322 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
323 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
324 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
325 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
326 subdirectories must be reviewed.
329 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
330 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
333 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
334 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
335 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
336 write access to that file.
339 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
340 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
342 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
343 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant
344 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0
345 to disable this behaviour.
347 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
348 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
349 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
351 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
352 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
355 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
356 equivalent of `status' command.
357 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
358 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
359 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
362 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
363 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
364 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
365 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
366 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
367 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
368 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
371 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
372 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
373 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
374 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
375 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
379 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
382 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
383 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
384 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
385 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
386 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
387 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
388 used expected to be extremely rare.
391 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to
392 zpool-features(7) for more information.
394 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
395 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
398 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs
399 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be
403 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
404 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
405 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
411 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE.
412 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
413 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
414 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
415 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
416 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
417 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
418 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
419 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
422 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional
423 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk
424 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work
425 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the
426 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829.
429 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
430 functionality now turned on by default.
433 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
434 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
435 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
436 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
437 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
441 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with
442 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld
443 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel
444 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work.
447 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
448 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
449 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
452 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
453 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
454 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
455 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
456 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
457 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
460 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
464 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
465 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
468 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
469 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
470 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
476 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
477 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
480 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
481 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
482 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
483 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
484 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
485 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
486 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
487 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
488 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
489 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
492 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
493 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
494 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
495 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
498 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
499 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
500 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
501 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
503 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
504 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
505 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
508 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
509 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
510 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
511 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
514 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
516 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
517 The following sysctl is retired:
518 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
519 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
520 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
521 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
522 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
523 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
524 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
525 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
526 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
527 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
531 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
535 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
536 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
537 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
541 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
544 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
545 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
546 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
547 drivers need to be recompiled.
549 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
550 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
551 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
552 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
556 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
557 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
560 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
561 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
562 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
563 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
564 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
565 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
566 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
567 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
568 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
569 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
570 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
572 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
574 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
575 a diskless root fs use the old client.
578 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
579 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
580 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
581 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
582 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
583 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
584 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
585 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
586 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
587 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
588 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
589 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
591 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
592 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
593 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
594 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
595 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
596 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
597 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
598 them are parts of the cam module.
600 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
601 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
602 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
604 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
605 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
606 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
611 , and instead add back:
612 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
613 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
614 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
615 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
616 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
619 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
620 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
621 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
622 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
623 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
624 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
627 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
628 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
629 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
632 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
633 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
634 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
635 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
636 in order to use ath on everything else.
638 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
639 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
642 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
643 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
644 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
647 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
648 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
649 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
650 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
651 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
652 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
655 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
656 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
657 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
658 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
659 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
661 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
662 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
665 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
666 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
667 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
668 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
669 The function remains undocumented.
672 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
673 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
674 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
675 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
676 systems where the define is not present can check against
677 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
679 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
680 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
681 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
682 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
683 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
684 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
687 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
688 the following warning:
689 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
690 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
691 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
692 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
693 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
694 install it on your system.
696 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
697 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
698 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
699 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
702 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
703 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
704 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
705 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
709 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
710 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
711 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
712 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
713 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
714 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
715 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
716 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
717 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
718 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
719 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
721 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
723 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
724 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
725 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
726 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
727 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
728 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
729 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
731 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
732 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
735 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
736 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
737 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
738 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
739 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
742 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
743 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
744 migrate local entries to the new format.
747 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
748 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
752 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
753 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
754 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
755 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
756 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
757 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
760 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
761 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
763 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
764 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
765 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
768 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
769 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
770 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
771 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
772 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
774 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
775 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
776 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
779 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
780 now i386 and amd64 only.
781 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
782 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
783 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
784 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
785 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
786 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
789 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
790 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
793 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
794 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
795 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
796 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
797 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
798 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
799 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
800 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
801 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
802 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
803 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
806 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
807 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
808 machine powerpc powerpc
810 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
814 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
815 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
816 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
817 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
818 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
821 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
822 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
823 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
824 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
825 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
828 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
829 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
830 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
831 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
833 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
834 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
835 to unwanted behavior.
838 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
839 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
840 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
841 be modified accordingly.
844 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
845 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
846 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
847 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
848 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
849 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
851 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
852 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
853 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
856 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
857 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
858 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
859 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
860 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
863 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
864 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
865 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
868 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
869 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
870 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
871 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
872 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
874 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
875 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
876 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
878 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
884 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
885 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
886 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
887 operation of applications on the console.
889 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
890 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
891 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
894 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
895 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
896 performed by syscons(4).
899 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
900 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
901 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
903 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
904 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
908 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
909 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
910 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
911 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
912 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
916 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
917 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
919 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
920 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
921 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
923 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
924 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
926 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
929 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
930 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
932 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
933 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
934 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
936 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
937 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
938 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
939 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
940 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
941 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
942 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
943 using ifconfig(8) like:
945 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
947 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
950 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
952 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
953 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
954 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
955 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
956 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
959 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
960 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
963 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
964 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
965 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
966 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
967 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
968 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
971 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
972 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
975 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
976 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
977 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
981 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
982 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
983 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
986 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
987 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
990 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
991 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
992 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
995 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
996 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
997 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1000 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1001 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1002 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1003 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1004 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1007 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1008 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1009 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1010 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1011 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1014 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1015 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1016 may need to be adjusted.
1019 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1020 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1021 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1022 with routing sockets.
1025 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1026 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1027 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1030 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1031 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1032 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1036 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1037 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1038 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1041 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1042 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1043 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1044 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1045 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1046 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1047 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1048 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1050 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1051 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1052 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1053 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1054 authentication method is used.
1057 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1058 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1059 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1060 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1061 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1064 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1065 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1068 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1072 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1073 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1076 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1077 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1080 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1081 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1085 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1086 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1088 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1091 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1095 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1096 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1099 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1101 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1104 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1105 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1106 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1107 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1108 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1109 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1112 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1113 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1116 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1118 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1121 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1122 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1125 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1126 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1129 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1130 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1131 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1132 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1133 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1136 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1137 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1138 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1139 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1140 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1141 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1144 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1145 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1146 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1147 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1149 For kernel developers:
1151 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1152 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1153 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1155 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1156 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1157 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1158 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1160 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1161 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1162 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1163 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1164 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1165 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1166 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1167 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1168 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1169 multicast membership on-link.
1170 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1171 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1172 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1174 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1175 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1177 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1178 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1181 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1182 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1183 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1184 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1186 For application developers:
1188 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1191 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1192 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1194 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1195 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1196 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1197 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1199 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1200 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1201 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1202 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1203 Multicast Source Filters'.
1205 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1207 For systems administrators:
1209 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1210 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1211 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1212 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1213 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1215 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1216 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1218 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1219 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1220 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1221 recommended for optimal system performance.
1223 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1224 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1225 back forwarded datagrams.
1227 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1230 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1234 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1235 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1236 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1237 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1240 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1241 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1242 state will require a world rebuild.
1243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1246 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1247 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1248 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1251 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1252 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1253 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1254 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1259 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1260 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1261 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1262 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1263 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1264 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1265 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1266 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1269 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1270 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1271 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1274 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1275 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1276 introduces some changes:
1278 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1279 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1280 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1282 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1283 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1284 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1285 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1287 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1288 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1289 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1292 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1295 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1296 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1297 (supported by sane).
1300 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1301 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1302 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1303 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1304 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1307 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1308 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1309 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1310 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1314 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1315 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1316 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1317 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1320 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1321 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1324 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1325 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1327 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1328 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1329 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1331 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1332 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1333 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1334 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1335 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1336 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1337 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1338 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1340 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1341 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1342 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1343 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1344 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1345 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1347 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1348 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1349 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1350 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1351 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1353 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1354 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1355 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1358 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1359 recompiled to reflect this.
1360 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1363 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1364 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1365 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1366 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1367 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1368 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1371 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1372 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1373 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1374 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1375 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1376 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1379 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1380 network device driver modules.
1383 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1384 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1387 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1388 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1389 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1390 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1391 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1395 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1396 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1397 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1401 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1402 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1404 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1405 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1406 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1409 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1410 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1411 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1412 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1413 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1414 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1416 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1417 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1419 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1420 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1423 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1424 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1425 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1428 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1429 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1430 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1431 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1435 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1436 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1439 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1440 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1441 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1442 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1443 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1444 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1447 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1448 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1449 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1450 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1453 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1454 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1455 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1456 in next mpd5.3 release.
1459 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1460 the base system (it was a port).
1463 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1464 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1467 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1468 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1469 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1470 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1471 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1472 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1473 none of the L2 information.
1476 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1477 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1479 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1481 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1485 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1486 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1487 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1488 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1491 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1492 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1493 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1494 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1495 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1499 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1500 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1501 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1502 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1505 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1508 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1509 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1510 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1511 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1512 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1518 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1519 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1523 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1524 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1525 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1526 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1527 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1528 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1529 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1532 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1533 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1534 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1535 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1536 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1539 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1545 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1547 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1548 cause compilation to fail.
1551 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1554 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1556 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1557 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1558 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1559 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1560 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1561 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1562 accepting the RSA key.
1564 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1565 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1568 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1569 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1570 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1574 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1575 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1576 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1578 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1579 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1580 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1581 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1582 use the new device names.
1584 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1585 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1586 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1587 at the loader prompt:
1589 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1590 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1591 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1592 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1596 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1600 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1601 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1602 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1603 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1606 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1607 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1610 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1611 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1612 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1613 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1614 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1617 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1618 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1619 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1620 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1621 For example, change:
1622 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1625 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1626 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1627 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1628 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1630 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1631 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1632 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1635 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1636 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1637 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1638 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1639 other operation levels.
1642 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1643 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1644 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1645 compatibility with any prior release:
1647 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1648 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1649 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1652 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1653 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1654 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1655 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1656 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1660 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1661 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1662 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1663 with older hardware easier to do.
1666 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1667 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1670 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1671 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1672 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1676 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1680 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1681 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1682 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1683 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1684 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1685 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1686 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1687 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1688 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1689 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1690 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1691 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1694 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1695 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1696 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1699 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1700 functionality is the default now.
1703 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1704 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1705 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1706 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1707 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1709 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1710 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1711 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1714 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1715 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1716 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1717 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1718 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1719 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1720 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1721 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1722 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1723 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1727 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1728 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1729 used kproc_start()..
1730 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1731 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1732 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1741 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1742 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1743 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1744 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1745 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1746 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1747 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1749 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1750 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1751 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1752 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1753 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1755 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1756 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1757 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1758 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1759 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1763 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1766 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1767 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1769 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1771 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1772 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1773 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1775 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1779 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1780 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1781 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1783 make kernel-toolchain
1784 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1785 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1787 To test a kernel once
1788 ---------------------
1789 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1790 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1791 debugging information) run
1792 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1793 nextboot -k testkernel
1795 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1796 --------------------------------------------------------------
1797 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1798 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1799 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1801 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1802 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1803 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1808 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1810 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1811 -----------------------------------------------------------
1812 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1813 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1815 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1817 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1819 <reboot in single user> [3]
1827 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1828 --------------------------------------------------
1829 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1830 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1831 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1834 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1837 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1838 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1839 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1840 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1841 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1842 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1843 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1844 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1845 <reboot into current>
1846 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1847 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1851 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1852 ----------------------------------------------
1853 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1855 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1857 <reboot in single user> [3]
1864 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1865 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1866 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1867 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1868 the UPDATING entries.
1870 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1871 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1872 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1873 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1874 much fewer pitfalls.
1876 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1877 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1880 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1885 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1886 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1887 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1889 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1890 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1891 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1892 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1893 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1894 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1895 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1897 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1898 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1899 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1900 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1901 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1902 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430.
1904 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1905 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1906 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1908 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1909 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1910 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1911 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1912 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1913 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1915 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1916 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1918 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1919 cvs prune empty directories.
1921 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1922 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1923 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1925 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1926 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1927 warn if it is improperly defined.
1930 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1931 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1932 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1933 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1934 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1936 Copyright information:
1938 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1940 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1941 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1942 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1944 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1945 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1946 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1947 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1948 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1949 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1950 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1951 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1952 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1953 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1954 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1956 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 9.3.git / blob