1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 20150429 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
16 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
18 20160316 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
19 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
21 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
22 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
24 20160310 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:13.bind
25 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl [revised]
27 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of BIND. [SA-16:13]
29 Fix a regression with OpenSSL patch. [SA-16:12]
31 20160303 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
33 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
35 20160130 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
37 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
39 20160127 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:08.bind
41 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
43 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-16:08]
45 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
47 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
48 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
50 20160114 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
52 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
54 20160114 p33 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
55 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
58 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
59 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
61 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
63 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
64 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
65 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
66 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
67 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
68 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
69 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
70 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
72 20151216 p32 FreeBSD-SA-15:27.bind
73 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:27]
75 20151205 p31 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
77 Fix OpenSSL X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak. [SA-15:26]
79 20151104 p30 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
80 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
83 Fix regression of ntpq(8) utility exiting due to trap 6 in
84 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
86 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
87 clock in 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
89 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
91 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
92 memory address. [EN-15:20]
94 20151026: p29 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
96 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
98 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
99 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
100 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
101 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
103 20151002: p28 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
104 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
106 20150929: p27 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
108 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
110 20150916: p26 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
112 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
114 20150902: p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:23.bind
116 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:23]
118 20150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
119 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
122 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
124 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
126 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
129 20150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
131 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
134 20150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
136 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability.
138 20150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp
139 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
140 FreeBSD-SA-15:17.bind
142 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
144 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
146 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17]
148 20150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
150 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
153 20150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind
154 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating.
156 20150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
157 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
159 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
161 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
164 20150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
165 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
167 20150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
168 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
170 20150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
172 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
175 20150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
177 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
178 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
180 20150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
182 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
184 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
186 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
188 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
191 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
193 20150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
194 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
196 20150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
197 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind
199 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
200 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
202 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
204 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05]
206 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
208 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02]
210 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
212 20150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
213 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
215 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
216 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
218 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
220 20150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
221 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
223 20141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
224 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
226 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
227 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
229 20141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
230 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind
232 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
235 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29]
237 20141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin
241 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2).
244 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26]
246 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12]
248 20141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata
249 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt
251 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10]
253 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11]
255 20141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold
256 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed
257 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei
258 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl
260 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20]
262 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21]
264 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22]
266 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23]
268 20140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
269 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
271 20140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
272 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
278 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
279 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
280 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
281 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
282 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
285 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
288 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
291 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
292 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
293 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
294 the nfe(4) driver instead.
297 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
298 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
299 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
300 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
301 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
302 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
303 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
304 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
305 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505.
311 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
312 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
313 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
314 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
315 subdirectories must be reviewed.
318 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
319 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
322 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
323 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
324 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
325 write access to that file.
328 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
329 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
331 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
332 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant
333 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0
334 to disable this behaviour.
336 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
337 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
338 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
340 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
341 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
344 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
345 equivalent of `status' command.
346 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
347 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
348 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
351 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
352 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
353 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
354 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
355 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
356 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
357 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
360 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
361 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
362 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
363 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
364 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
368 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
371 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
372 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
373 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
374 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
375 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
376 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
377 used expected to be extremely rare.
380 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to
381 zpool-features(7) for more information.
383 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
384 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
387 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs
388 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be
392 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
393 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
394 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
400 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE.
401 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
402 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
403 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
404 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
405 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
406 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
407 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
408 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
411 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional
412 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk
413 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work
414 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the
415 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829.
418 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
419 functionality now turned on by default.
422 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
423 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
424 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
425 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
426 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
430 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with
431 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld
432 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel
433 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work.
436 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
437 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
438 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
441 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
442 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
443 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
444 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
445 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
446 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
449 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
453 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
454 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
457 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
458 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
459 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
465 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
466 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
469 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
470 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
471 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
472 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
473 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
474 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
475 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
476 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
477 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
478 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
481 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
482 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
483 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
484 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
487 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
488 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
489 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
490 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
492 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
493 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
494 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
497 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
498 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
499 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
500 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
503 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
505 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
506 The following sysctl is retired:
507 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
508 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
509 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
510 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
511 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
512 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
513 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
514 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
515 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
516 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
520 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
524 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
525 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
526 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
530 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
533 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
534 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
535 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
536 drivers need to be recompiled.
538 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
539 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
540 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
541 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
545 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
546 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
549 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
550 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
551 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
552 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
553 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
554 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
555 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
556 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
557 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
558 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
559 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
561 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
563 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
564 a diskless root fs use the old client.
567 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
568 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
569 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
570 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
571 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
572 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
573 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
574 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
575 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
576 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
577 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
578 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
580 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
581 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
582 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
583 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
584 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
585 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
586 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
587 them are parts of the cam module.
589 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
590 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
591 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
593 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
594 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
595 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
600 , and instead add back:
601 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
602 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
603 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
604 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
605 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
608 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
609 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
610 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
611 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
612 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
613 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
616 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
617 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
618 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
621 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
622 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
623 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
624 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
625 in order to use ath on everything else.
627 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
628 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
631 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
632 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
633 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
636 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
637 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
638 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
639 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
640 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
641 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
644 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
645 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
646 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
647 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
648 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
650 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
651 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
654 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
655 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
656 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
657 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
658 The function remains undocumented.
661 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
662 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
663 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
664 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
665 systems where the define is not present can check against
666 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
668 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
669 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
670 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
671 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
672 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
673 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
676 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
677 the following warning:
678 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
679 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
680 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
681 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
682 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
683 install it on your system.
685 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
686 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
687 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
688 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
691 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
692 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
693 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
694 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
698 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
699 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
700 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
701 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
702 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
703 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
704 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
705 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
706 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
707 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
708 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
710 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
712 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
713 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
714 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
715 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
716 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
717 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
718 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
720 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
721 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
724 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
725 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
726 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
727 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
728 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
731 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
732 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
733 migrate local entries to the new format.
736 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
737 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
741 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
742 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
743 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
744 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
745 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
746 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
749 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
750 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
752 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
753 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
754 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
757 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
758 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
759 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
760 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
761 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
763 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
764 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
765 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
768 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
769 now i386 and amd64 only.
770 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
771 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
772 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
773 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
774 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
775 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
778 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
779 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
782 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
783 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
784 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
785 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
786 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
787 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
788 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
789 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
790 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
791 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
792 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
795 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
796 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
797 machine powerpc powerpc
799 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
803 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
804 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
805 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
806 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
807 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
810 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
811 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
812 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
813 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
814 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
817 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
818 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
819 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
820 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
822 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
823 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
824 to unwanted behavior.
827 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
828 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
829 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
830 be modified accordingly.
833 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
834 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
835 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
836 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
837 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
838 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
840 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
841 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
842 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
845 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
846 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
847 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
848 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
849 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
852 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
853 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
854 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
857 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
858 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
859 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
860 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
861 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
863 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
864 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
865 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
867 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
873 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
874 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
875 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
876 operation of applications on the console.
878 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
879 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
880 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
883 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
884 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
885 performed by syscons(4).
888 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
889 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
890 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
892 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
893 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
897 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
898 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
899 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
900 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
901 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
905 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
906 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
908 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
909 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
910 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
912 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
913 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
915 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
918 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
919 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
921 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
922 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
923 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
925 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
926 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
927 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
928 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
929 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
930 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
931 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
932 using ifconfig(8) like:
934 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
936 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
939 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
941 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
942 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
943 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
944 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
945 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
948 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
949 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
952 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
953 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
954 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
955 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
956 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
957 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
960 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
961 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
964 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
965 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
966 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
970 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
971 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
972 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
975 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
976 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
979 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
980 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
981 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
984 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
985 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
986 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
989 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
990 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
991 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
992 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
993 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
996 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
997 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
998 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
999 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1000 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1003 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1004 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1005 may need to be adjusted.
1008 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1009 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1010 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1011 with routing sockets.
1014 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1015 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1016 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1019 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1020 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1021 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1025 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1026 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1027 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1030 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1031 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1032 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1033 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1034 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1035 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1036 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1037 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1039 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1040 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1041 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1042 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1043 authentication method is used.
1046 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1047 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1048 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1049 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1050 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1053 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1054 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1057 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1061 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1062 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1065 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1066 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1069 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1070 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1074 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1075 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1077 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1080 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1084 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1085 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1088 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1090 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1093 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1094 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1095 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1096 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1097 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1098 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1101 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1102 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1105 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1110 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1111 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1114 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1115 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1118 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1119 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1120 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1121 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1122 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1125 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1126 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1127 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1128 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1129 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1130 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1133 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1134 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1135 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1136 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1138 For kernel developers:
1140 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1141 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1142 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1144 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1145 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1146 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1147 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1149 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1150 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1151 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1152 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1153 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1154 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1155 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1156 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1157 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1158 multicast membership on-link.
1159 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1160 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1161 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1163 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1164 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1166 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1167 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1170 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1171 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1172 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1173 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1175 For application developers:
1177 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1180 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1181 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1183 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1184 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1185 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1186 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1188 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1189 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1190 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1191 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1192 Multicast Source Filters'.
1194 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1196 For systems administrators:
1198 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1199 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1200 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1201 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1202 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1204 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1205 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1207 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1208 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1209 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1210 recommended for optimal system performance.
1212 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1213 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1214 back forwarded datagrams.
1216 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1219 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1223 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1224 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1225 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1226 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1229 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1230 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1231 state will require a world rebuild.
1232 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1235 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1236 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1237 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1240 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1241 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1242 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1243 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1245 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1248 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1249 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1250 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1251 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1252 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1253 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1254 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1255 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1258 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1259 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1260 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1263 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1264 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1265 introduces some changes:
1267 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1268 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1269 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1271 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1272 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1273 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1274 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1276 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1277 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1278 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1281 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1284 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1285 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1286 (supported by sane).
1289 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1290 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1291 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1292 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1293 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1296 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1297 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1298 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1299 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1303 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1304 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1305 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1306 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1309 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1310 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1313 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1314 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1316 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1317 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1318 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1320 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1321 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1322 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1323 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1324 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1325 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1326 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1327 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1329 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1330 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1331 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1332 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1333 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1334 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1336 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1337 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1338 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1339 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1340 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1342 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1343 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1344 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1347 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1348 recompiled to reflect this.
1349 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1352 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1353 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1354 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1355 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1356 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1357 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1360 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1361 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1362 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1363 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1364 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1365 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1368 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1369 network device driver modules.
1372 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1373 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1376 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1377 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1378 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1379 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1380 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1384 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1385 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1386 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1390 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1391 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1393 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1394 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1395 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1398 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1399 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1400 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1401 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1402 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1403 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1405 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1406 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1408 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1409 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1412 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1413 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1414 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1417 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1418 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1419 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1420 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1424 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1425 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1428 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1429 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1430 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1431 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1432 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1433 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1436 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1437 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1438 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1439 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1442 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1443 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1444 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1445 in next mpd5.3 release.
1448 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1449 the base system (it was a port).
1452 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1453 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1456 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1457 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1458 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1459 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1460 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1461 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1462 none of the L2 information.
1465 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1466 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1468 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1470 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1474 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1475 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1476 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1477 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1480 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1481 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1482 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1483 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1484 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1488 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1489 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1490 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1491 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1494 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1497 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1498 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1499 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1500 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1501 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1507 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1508 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1512 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1513 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1514 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1515 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1516 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1517 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1518 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1521 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1522 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1523 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1524 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1525 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1528 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1534 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1536 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1537 cause compilation to fail.
1540 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1543 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1545 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1546 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1547 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1548 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1549 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1550 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1551 accepting the RSA key.
1553 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1554 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1557 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1558 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1559 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1563 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1564 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1565 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1567 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1568 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1569 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1570 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1571 use the new device names.
1573 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1574 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1575 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1576 at the loader prompt:
1578 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1579 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1580 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1581 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1585 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1589 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1590 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1591 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1592 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1595 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1596 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1599 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1600 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1601 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1602 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1603 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1606 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1607 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1608 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1609 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1610 For example, change:
1611 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1614 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1615 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1616 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1617 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1619 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1620 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1621 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1624 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1625 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1626 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1627 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1628 other operation levels.
1631 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1632 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1633 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1634 compatibility with any prior release:
1636 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1637 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1638 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1641 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1642 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1643 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1644 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1645 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1649 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1650 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1651 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1652 with older hardware easier to do.
1655 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1656 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1659 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1660 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1661 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1665 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1669 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1670 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1671 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1672 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1673 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1674 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1675 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1676 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1677 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1678 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1679 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1680 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1683 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1684 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1685 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1688 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1689 functionality is the default now.
1692 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1693 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1694 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1695 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1696 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1698 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1699 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1700 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1703 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1704 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1705 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1706 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1707 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1708 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1709 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1710 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1711 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1712 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1716 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1717 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1718 used kproc_start()..
1719 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1720 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1721 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1730 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1731 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1732 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1733 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1734 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1735 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1736 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1738 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1739 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1740 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1741 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1742 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1744 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1745 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1746 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1747 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1748 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1752 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1755 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1756 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1758 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1760 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1761 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1762 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1764 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1768 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1769 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1770 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1772 make kernel-toolchain
1773 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1774 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1776 To test a kernel once
1777 ---------------------
1778 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1779 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1780 debugging information) run
1781 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1782 nextboot -k testkernel
1784 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1785 --------------------------------------------------------------
1786 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1787 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1788 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1790 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1791 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1792 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1797 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1799 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1800 -----------------------------------------------------------
1801 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1802 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1804 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1806 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1808 <reboot in single user> [3]
1816 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1817 --------------------------------------------------
1818 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1819 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1820 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1823 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1826 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1827 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1828 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1829 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1830 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1831 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1832 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1833 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1834 <reboot into current>
1835 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1836 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1840 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1841 ----------------------------------------------
1842 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1844 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1846 <reboot in single user> [3]
1853 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1854 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1855 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1856 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1857 the UPDATING entries.
1859 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1860 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1861 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1862 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1863 much fewer pitfalls.
1865 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1866 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1869 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1874 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1875 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1876 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1878 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1879 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1880 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1881 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1882 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1883 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1884 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1886 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1887 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1888 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1889 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1890 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1891 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430.
1893 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1894 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1895 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1897 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1898 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1899 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1900 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1901 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1902 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1904 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1905 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1907 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1908 cvs prune empty directories.
1910 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1911 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1912 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1914 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1915 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1916 warn if it is improperly defined.
1919 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1920 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1921 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1922 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1923 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1925 Copyright information:
1927 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1929 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1930 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1931 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1933 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1934 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1935 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1936 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1937 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1938 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1939 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1940 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1941 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1942 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1943 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1945 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 9.3.git / blob