1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 20160114 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
16 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
18 20160114 p33 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
19 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
22 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
23 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
25 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
27 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
28 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
29 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
30 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
31 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
32 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
33 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
34 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
36 20151216 p32 FreeBSD-SA-15:27.bind
37 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:27]
39 20151205 p31 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
41 Fix OpenSSL X509_ATTRIBUTE memory leak. [SA-15:26]
43 20151104 p30 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
44 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
47 Fix regression of ntpq(8) utility exiting due to trap 6 in
48 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
50 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
51 clock in 9.3-RELEASE-p29. [SA-15:25]
53 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
55 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
56 memory address. [EN-15:20]
58 20151026: p29 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
60 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
62 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
63 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
64 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
65 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
67 20151002: p28 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
68 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
70 20150929: p27 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
72 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
74 20150916: p26 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
76 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
78 20150902: p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:23.bind
80 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:23]
82 20150825: p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
83 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
86 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
88 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
90 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
93 20150818: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
95 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
98 20150805: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
100 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability.
102 20150728: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:15.tcp
103 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
104 FreeBSD-SA-15:17.bind
106 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
108 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
110 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:17]
112 20150721: p20 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
114 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
117 20150707: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:11.bind
118 Fix BIND resolver remote denial of service when validating.
120 20150630: p18 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
121 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
123 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
125 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
128 20150618: p17 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
129 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
131 20150612: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
132 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
134 20150609: p15 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
136 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
139 20150513: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
141 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
142 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
144 20150407: p13 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
146 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
148 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
150 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
152 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
155 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
157 20150319: p11 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
158 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
160 20150225: p10 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
161 FreeBSD-SA-15:05.bind
163 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
164 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
166 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
168 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:05]
170 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
172 Updated base system OpenSSL to 0.9.8zd. [EN-15:02]
174 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
176 20150127: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
177 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
179 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
180 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
182 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
184 20150114: p8 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
185 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
187 20141223: p7 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
188 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
190 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
191 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
193 20141210: p6 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
194 FreeBSD-SA-14:29.bind
196 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
199 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:29]
201 20141104: p5 FreeBSD-SA-14:25.setlogin
205 Fix kernel stack disclosure in setlogin(2) / getlogin(2).
208 Fix remote command execution in ftp(1). [SA-14:26]
210 Fix NFSv4 and ZFS cache consistency issue. [EN-14:12]
212 20141022: p4 FreeBSD-EN-14:10.tzdata
213 FreeBSD-EN-14:11.crypt
215 Time zone data file update. [EN-14:10]
217 Change crypt(3) default hashing algorithm back to DES. [EN-14:11]
219 20141021: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:20.rtsold
220 FreeBSD-SA-14:21.routed
221 FreeBSD-SA-14:22.namei
222 FreeBSD-SA-14:23.openssl
224 Fix rtsold(8) remote buffer overflow vulnerability. [SA-14:20]
226 Fix routed(8) remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:21]
228 Fix memory leak in sandboxed namei lookup. [SA-14:22]
230 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:23]
232 20140916: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
233 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
235 20140909: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
236 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
242 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
243 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
244 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
245 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
246 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
249 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
252 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
255 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
256 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
257 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
258 the nfe(4) driver instead.
261 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
262 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
263 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
264 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
265 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
266 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
267 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
268 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
269 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 902505.
275 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
276 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
277 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
278 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
279 subdirectories must be reviewed.
282 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
283 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
286 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
287 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
288 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
289 write access to that file.
292 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
293 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
295 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
296 first performs a full device level TRIM which can take a significant
297 amount of time. The sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init can be set to 0
298 to disable this behaviour.
300 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
301 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
302 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
304 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
305 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
308 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
309 equivalent of `status' command.
310 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
311 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
312 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
315 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
316 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
317 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
318 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
319 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
320 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
321 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
324 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
325 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
326 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
327 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
328 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
332 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
335 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
336 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
337 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
338 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
339 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
340 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
341 used expected to be extremely rare.
344 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to. Please refer to
345 zpool-features(7) for more information.
347 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
348 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
351 The VFS KBI was changed with the merge of several nullfs
352 optimizations and fixes. All filesystem modules must be
356 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
357 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
358 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
364 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 9-STABLE.
365 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
366 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
367 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
368 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
369 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
370 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
371 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
372 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
375 The commit introducing bsd.compiler.mk breaks the traditional
376 building of kernels before this point. Add -m ${SRC}/share/mk
377 (for the right value of SRC) to your command lines to work
378 around; update your useland to a point after this; or use the
379 buildkernel/installkernel top-level targets. See also 20120829.
382 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
383 functionality now turned on by default.
386 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
387 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
388 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
389 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
390 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
394 The amd64 kernel now uses xsetbv, xrstor instructions. To compile with
395 the traditional method, you must update your system with an installworld
396 before the kernel will build. The documented make buildkernel/installkernel
397 interfaces (coupled with fresh make kernel-toolchain) continue to work.
400 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
401 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
402 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
405 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
406 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
407 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
408 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
409 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
410 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
413 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
417 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
418 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
421 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
422 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
423 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
429 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
430 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
433 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
434 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
435 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
436 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
437 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
438 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
439 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
440 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
441 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
442 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
445 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
446 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
447 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
448 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
451 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
452 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
453 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
454 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
456 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
457 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
458 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
461 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
462 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
463 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
464 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
467 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
469 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
470 The following sysctl is retired:
471 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
472 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
473 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
474 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
475 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
476 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
477 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
478 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
479 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
480 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
484 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
488 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
489 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
490 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
494 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
497 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
498 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
499 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
500 drivers need to be recompiled.
502 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
503 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
504 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
505 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
509 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
510 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
513 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
514 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
515 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
516 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
517 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
518 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
519 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
520 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
521 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
522 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
523 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
525 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
527 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
528 a diskless root fs use the old client.
531 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
532 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
533 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
534 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
535 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
536 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
537 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
538 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
539 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
540 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
541 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
542 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
544 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
545 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
546 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
547 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
548 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
549 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
550 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
551 them are parts of the cam module.
553 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
554 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
555 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
557 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
558 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
559 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
564 , and instead add back:
565 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
566 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
567 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
568 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
569 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
572 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
573 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
574 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
575 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
576 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
577 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
580 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
581 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
582 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
585 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
586 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
587 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
588 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
589 in order to use ath on everything else.
591 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
592 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
595 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
596 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
597 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
600 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
601 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
602 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
603 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
604 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
605 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
608 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
609 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
610 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
611 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
612 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
614 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
615 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
618 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
619 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
620 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
621 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
622 The function remains undocumented.
625 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
626 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
627 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
628 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
629 systems where the define is not present can check against
630 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
632 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
633 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
634 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
635 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
636 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
637 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
640 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
641 the following warning:
642 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
643 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
644 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
645 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
646 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
647 install it on your system.
649 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
650 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
651 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
652 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
655 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
656 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
657 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
658 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
662 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
663 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
664 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
665 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
666 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
667 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
668 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
669 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
670 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
671 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
672 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
674 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
676 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
677 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
678 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
679 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
680 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
681 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
682 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
684 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
685 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
688 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
689 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
690 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
691 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
692 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
695 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
696 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
697 migrate local entries to the new format.
700 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
701 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
705 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
706 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
707 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
708 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
709 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
710 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
713 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
714 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
716 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
717 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
718 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
721 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
722 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
723 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
724 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
725 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
727 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
728 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
729 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
732 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
733 now i386 and amd64 only.
734 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
735 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
736 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
737 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
738 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
739 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
742 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
743 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
746 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
747 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
748 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
749 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
750 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
751 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
752 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
753 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
754 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
755 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
756 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
759 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
760 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
761 machine powerpc powerpc
763 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
767 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
768 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
769 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
770 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
771 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
774 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
775 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
776 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
777 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
778 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
781 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
782 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
783 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
784 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
786 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
787 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
788 to unwanted behavior.
791 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
792 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
793 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
794 be modified accordingly.
797 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
798 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
799 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
800 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
801 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
802 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
804 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
805 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
806 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
809 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
810 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
811 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
812 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
813 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
816 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
817 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
818 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
821 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
822 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
823 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
824 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
825 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
827 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
828 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
829 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
831 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
837 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
838 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
839 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
840 operation of applications on the console.
842 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
843 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
844 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
847 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
848 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
849 performed by syscons(4).
852 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
853 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
854 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
856 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
857 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
861 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
862 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
863 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
864 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
865 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
869 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
870 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
872 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
873 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
874 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
876 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
877 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
879 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
882 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
883 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
885 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
886 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
887 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
889 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
890 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
891 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
892 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
893 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
894 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
895 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
896 using ifconfig(8) like:
898 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
900 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
903 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
905 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
906 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
907 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
908 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
909 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
912 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
913 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
916 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
917 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
918 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
919 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
920 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
921 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
924 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
925 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
928 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
929 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
930 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
934 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
935 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
936 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
939 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
940 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
943 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
944 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
945 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
948 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
949 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
950 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
953 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
954 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
955 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
956 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
957 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
960 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
961 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
962 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
963 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
964 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
967 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
968 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
969 may need to be adjusted.
972 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
973 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
974 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
975 with routing sockets.
978 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
979 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
980 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
983 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
984 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
985 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
989 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
990 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
991 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
994 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
995 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
996 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
997 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
998 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
999 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1000 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1001 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1003 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1004 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1005 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1006 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1007 authentication method is used.
1010 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1011 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1012 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1013 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1014 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1017 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1018 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1021 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1025 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1026 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1029 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1030 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1033 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1034 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1038 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1039 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1041 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1044 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1048 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1049 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1052 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1054 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1057 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1058 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1059 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1060 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1061 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1062 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1065 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1066 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1069 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1071 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1074 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1075 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1078 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1079 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1082 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1083 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1084 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1085 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1086 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1089 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1090 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1091 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1092 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1093 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1094 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1097 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1098 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1099 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1100 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1102 For kernel developers:
1104 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1105 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1106 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1108 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1109 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1110 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1111 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1113 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1114 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1115 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1116 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1117 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1118 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1119 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1120 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1121 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1122 multicast membership on-link.
1123 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1124 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1125 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1127 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1128 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1130 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1131 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1134 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1135 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1136 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1137 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1139 For application developers:
1141 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1144 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1145 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1147 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1148 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1149 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1150 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1152 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1153 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1154 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1155 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1156 Multicast Source Filters'.
1158 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1160 For systems administrators:
1162 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1163 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1164 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1165 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1166 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1168 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1169 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1171 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1172 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1173 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1174 recommended for optimal system performance.
1176 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1177 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1178 back forwarded datagrams.
1180 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1183 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1184 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1187 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1188 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1189 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1190 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1193 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1194 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1195 state will require a world rebuild.
1196 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1199 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1200 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1201 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1204 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1205 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1206 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1207 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1209 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1212 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1213 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1214 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1215 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1216 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1217 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1218 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1219 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1222 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1223 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1224 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1227 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1228 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1229 introduces some changes:
1231 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1232 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1233 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1235 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1236 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1237 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1238 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1240 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1241 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1242 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1245 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1248 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1249 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1250 (supported by sane).
1253 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1254 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1255 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1256 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1257 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1260 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1261 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1262 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1263 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1267 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1268 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1269 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1270 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1273 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1274 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1277 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1278 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1280 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1281 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1282 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1284 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1285 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1286 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1287 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1288 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1289 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1290 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1291 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1293 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1294 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1295 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1296 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1297 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1298 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1300 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1301 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1302 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1303 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1304 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1306 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1307 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1308 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1311 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1312 recompiled to reflect this.
1313 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1316 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1317 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1318 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1319 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1320 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1321 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1324 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1325 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1326 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1327 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1328 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1329 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1332 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1333 network device driver modules.
1336 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1337 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1340 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1341 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1342 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1343 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1344 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1348 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1349 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1350 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1354 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1355 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1357 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1358 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1359 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1362 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1363 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1364 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1365 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1366 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1367 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1369 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1370 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1372 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1373 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1376 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1377 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1378 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1381 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1382 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1383 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1384 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1388 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1389 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1392 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1393 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1394 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1395 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1396 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1397 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1400 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1401 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1402 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1403 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1406 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1407 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1408 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1409 in next mpd5.3 release.
1412 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1413 the base system (it was a port).
1416 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1417 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1420 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1421 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1422 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1423 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1424 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1425 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1426 none of the L2 information.
1429 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1430 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1432 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1434 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1438 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1439 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1440 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1441 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1444 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1445 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1446 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1447 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1448 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1452 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1453 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1454 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1455 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1458 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1461 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1462 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1463 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1464 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1465 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1471 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1472 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1476 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1477 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1478 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1479 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1480 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1481 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1482 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1485 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1486 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1487 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1488 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1489 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1492 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1498 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1500 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1501 cause compilation to fail.
1504 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1507 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1509 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1510 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1511 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1512 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1513 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1514 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1515 accepting the RSA key.
1517 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1518 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1521 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1522 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1523 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1527 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1528 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1529 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1531 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1532 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1533 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1534 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1535 use the new device names.
1537 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1538 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1539 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1540 at the loader prompt:
1542 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1543 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1544 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1545 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1549 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1553 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1554 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1555 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1556 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1559 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1560 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1563 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1564 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1565 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1566 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1567 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1570 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1571 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1572 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1573 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1574 For example, change:
1575 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1578 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1579 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1580 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1581 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1583 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1584 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1585 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1588 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1589 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1590 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1591 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1592 other operation levels.
1595 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1596 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1597 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1598 compatibility with any prior release:
1600 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1601 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1602 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1605 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1606 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1607 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1608 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1609 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1613 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1614 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1615 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1616 with older hardware easier to do.
1619 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1620 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1623 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1624 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1625 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1629 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1633 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1634 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1635 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1636 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1637 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1638 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1639 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1640 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1641 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1642 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1643 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1644 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1647 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1648 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1649 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1652 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1653 functionality is the default now.
1656 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1657 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1658 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1659 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1660 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1662 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1663 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1664 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1667 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1668 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1669 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1670 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1671 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1672 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1673 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1674 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1675 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1676 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1680 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1681 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1682 used kproc_start()..
1683 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1684 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1685 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1694 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1695 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1696 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1697 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1698 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1699 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1700 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1702 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1703 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1704 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1705 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1706 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1708 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1709 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1710 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1711 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1712 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1716 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1719 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1720 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1722 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1724 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1725 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1726 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1728 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1732 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1733 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1734 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1736 make kernel-toolchain
1737 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1738 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1740 To test a kernel once
1741 ---------------------
1742 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1743 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1744 debugging information) run
1745 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1746 nextboot -k testkernel
1748 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1749 --------------------------------------------------------------
1750 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1751 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1752 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1754 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1755 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1756 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1761 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1763 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1764 -----------------------------------------------------------
1765 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1766 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1768 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1770 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1772 <reboot in single user> [3]
1780 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1781 --------------------------------------------------
1782 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1783 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1784 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1787 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1790 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1791 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1792 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1793 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1794 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1795 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1796 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1797 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1798 <reboot into current>
1799 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1800 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1804 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1805 ----------------------------------------------
1806 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1808 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1810 <reboot in single user> [3]
1817 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1818 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1819 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1820 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1821 the UPDATING entries.
1823 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1824 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1825 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1826 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1827 much fewer pitfalls.
1829 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1830 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1833 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1838 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1839 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1840 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1842 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1843 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1844 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1845 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1846 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1847 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1848 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1850 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1851 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1852 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1853 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1854 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1855 from [78]-stable or 9-stable before 20130430.
1857 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1858 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1859 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1861 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1862 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1863 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1864 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1865 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1866 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1868 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1869 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1871 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1872 cvs prune empty directories.
1874 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1875 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1876 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1878 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1879 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1880 warn if it is improperly defined.
1883 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1884 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1885 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1886 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1887 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1889 Copyright information:
1891 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1893 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1894 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1895 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1897 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1898 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1899 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1900 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1901 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1902 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1903 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1904 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1905 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1906 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1907 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1909 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 9.3.git / blob