bin/cp/cp.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   6  * David Hitz of Auspex Systems Inc.
   7  *
   8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  10  * are met:
  11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  18  *    without specific prior written permission.
  19  *
  20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  31  */
  32
  33 #if 0
  34 #ifndef lint
  35 static char const copyright[] =
  36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1988, 1993, 1994\n\
  37         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  38 #endif /* not lint */
  39
  40 #ifndef lint
  41 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cp.c        8.2 (Berkeley) 4/1/94";
  42 #endif /* not lint */
  43 #endif
  44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  46
  47 /*
  48  * Cp copies source files to target files.
  49  *
  50  * The global PATH_T structure "to" always contains the path to the
  51  * current target file.  Since fts(3) does not change directories,
  52  * this path can be either absolute or dot-relative.
  53  *
  54  * The basic algorithm is to initialize "to" and use fts(3) to traverse
  55  * the file hierarchy rooted in the argument list.  A trivial case is the
  56  * case of 'cp file1 file2'.  The more interesting case is the case of
  57  * 'cp file1 file2 ... fileN dir' where the hierarchy is traversed and the
  58  * path (relative to the root of the traversal) is appended to dir (stored
  59  * in "to") to form the final target path.
  60  */
  61
  62 #include <sys/types.h>
  63 #include <sys/stat.h>
  64
  65 #include <err.h>
  66 #include <errno.h>
  67 #include <fts.h>
  68 #include <limits.h>
  69 #include <signal.h>
  70 #include <stdio.h>
  71 #include <stdlib.h>
  72 #include <string.h>
  73 #include <unistd.h>
  74
  75 #include "extern.h"
  76
  77 #define STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(p) {                                       \
  78         while ((p).p_end > (p).p_path + 1 && (p).p_end[-1] == '/')      \
  79         *--(p).p_end = 0;                                               \
  80 }
  81
  82 static char emptystring[] = "";
  83
  84 PATH_T to = { to.p_path, emptystring, "" };
  85
  86 int fflag, iflag, lflag, nflag, pflag, sflag, vflag;
  87 static int Rflag, rflag;
  88 volatile sig_atomic_t info;
  89
  90 enum op { FILE_TO_FILE, FILE_TO_DIR, DIR_TO_DNE };
  91
  92 static int copy(char *[], enum op, int);
  93 static void siginfo(int __unused);
  94
  95 int
  96 main(int argc, char *argv[])
  97 {
  98         struct stat to_stat, tmp_stat;
  99         enum op type;
 100         int Hflag, Lflag, ch, fts_options, r, have_trailing_slash;
 101         char *target;
 102
 103         fts_options = FTS_NOCHDIR | FTS_PHYSICAL;
 104         Hflag = Lflag = 0;
 105         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "HLPRafilnprsvx")) != -1)
 106                 switch (ch) {
 107                 case 'H':
 108                         Hflag = 1;
 109                         Lflag = 0;
 110                         break;
 111                 case 'L':
 112                         Lflag = 1;
 113                         Hflag = 0;
 114                         break;
 115                 case 'P':
 116                         Hflag = Lflag = 0;
 117                         break;
 118                 case 'R':
 119                         Rflag = 1;
 120                         break;
 121                 case 'a':
 122                         pflag = 1;
 123                         Rflag = 1;
 124                         Hflag = Lflag = 0;
 125                         break;
 126                 case 'f':
 127                         fflag = 1;
 128                         iflag = nflag = 0;
 129                         break;
 130                 case 'i':
 131                         iflag = 1;
 132                         fflag = nflag = 0;
 133                         break;
 134                 case 'l':
 135                         lflag = 1;
 136                         break;
 137                 case 'n':
 138                         nflag = 1;
 139                         fflag = iflag = 0;
 140                         break;
 141                 case 'p':
 142                         pflag = 1;
 143                         break;
 144                 case 'r':
 145                         rflag = Lflag = 1;
 146                         Hflag = 0;
 147                         break;
 148                 case 's':
 149                         sflag = 1;
 150                         break;
 151                 case 'v':
 152                         vflag = 1;
 153                         break;
 154                 case 'x':
 155                         fts_options |= FTS_XDEV;
 156                         break;
 157                 default:
 158                         usage();
 159                         break;
 160                 }
 161         argc -= optind;
 162         argv += optind;
 163
 164         if (argc < 2)
 165                 usage();
 166
 167         if (Rflag && rflag)
 168                 errx(1, "the -R and -r options may not be specified together");
 169         if (lflag && sflag)
 170                 errx(1, "the -l and -s options may not be specified together");
 171         if (rflag)
 172                 Rflag = 1;
 173         if (Rflag) {
 174                 if (Hflag)
 175                         fts_options |= FTS_COMFOLLOW;
 176                 if (Lflag) {
 177                         fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 178                         fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL;
 179                 }
 180         } else {
 181                 fts_options &= ~FTS_PHYSICAL;
 182                 fts_options |= FTS_LOGICAL | FTS_COMFOLLOW;
 183         }
 184         (void)signal(SIGINFO, siginfo);
 185
 186         /* Save the target base in "to". */
 187         target = argv[--argc];
 188         if (strlcpy(to.p_path, target, sizeof(to.p_path)) >= sizeof(to.p_path))
 189                 errx(1, "%s: name too long", target);
 190         to.p_end = to.p_path + strlen(to.p_path);
 191         if (to.p_path == to.p_end) {
 192                 *to.p_end++ = '.';
 193                 *to.p_end = 0;
 194         }
 195         have_trailing_slash = (to.p_end[-1] == '/');
 196         if (have_trailing_slash)
 197                 STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 198         to.target_end = to.p_end;
 199
 200         /* Set end of argument list for fts(3). */
 201         argv[argc] = NULL;
 202
 203         /*
 204          * Cp has two distinct cases:
 205          *
 206          * cp [-R] source target
 207          * cp [-R] source1 ... sourceN directory
 208          *
 209          * In both cases, source can be either a file or a directory.
 210          *
 211          * In (1), the target becomes a copy of the source. That is, if the
 212          * source is a file, the target will be a file, and likewise for
 213          * directories.
 214          *
 215          * In (2), the real target is not directory, but "directory/source".
 216          */
 217         r = stat(to.p_path, &to_stat);
 218         if (r == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
 219                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 220         if (r == -1 || !S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 221                 /*
 222                  * Case (1).  Target is not a directory.
 223                  */
 224                 if (argc > 1)
 225                         errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path);
 226
 227                 /*
 228                  * Need to detect the case:
 229                  *      cp -R dir foo
 230                  * Where dir is a directory and foo does not exist, where
 231                  * we want pathname concatenations turned on but not for
 232                  * the initial mkdir().
 233                  */
 234                 if (r == -1) {
 235                         if (Rflag && (Lflag || Hflag))
 236                                 stat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 237                         else
 238                                 lstat(*argv, &tmp_stat);
 239
 240                         if (S_ISDIR(tmp_stat.st_mode) && Rflag)
 241                                 type = DIR_TO_DNE;
 242                         else
 243                                 type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 244                 } else
 245                         type = FILE_TO_FILE;
 246
 247                 if (have_trailing_slash && type == FILE_TO_FILE) {
 248                         if (r == -1) {
 249                                 errx(1, "directory %s does not exist",
 250                                     to.p_path);
 251                         } else
 252                                 errx(1, "%s is not a directory", to.p_path);
 253                 }
 254         } else
 255                 /*
 256                  * Case (2).  Target is a directory.
 257                  */
 258                 type = FILE_TO_DIR;
 259
 260         exit (copy(argv, type, fts_options));
 261 }
 262
 263 static int
 264 copy(char *argv[], enum op type, int fts_options)
 265 {
 266         struct stat to_stat;
 267         FTS *ftsp;
 268         FTSENT *curr;
 269         int base = 0, dne, badcp, rval;
 270         size_t nlen;
 271         char *p, *target_mid;
 272         mode_t mask, mode;
 273
 274         /*
 275          * Keep an inverted copy of the umask, for use in correcting
 276          * permissions on created directories when not using -p.
 277          */
 278         mask = ~umask(0777);
 279         umask(~mask);
 280
 281         if ((ftsp = fts_open(argv, fts_options, NULL)) == NULL)
 282                 err(1, "fts_open");
 283         for (badcp = rval = 0; (curr = fts_read(ftsp)) != NULL; badcp = 0) {
 284                 switch (curr->fts_info) {
 285                 case FTS_NS:
 286                 case FTS_DNR:
 287                 case FTS_ERR:
 288                         warnx("%s: %s",
 289                             curr->fts_path, strerror(curr->fts_errno));
 290                         badcp = rval = 1;
 291                         continue;
 292                 case FTS_DC:                    /* Warn, continue. */
 293                         warnx("%s: directory causes a cycle", curr->fts_path);
 294                         badcp = rval = 1;
 295                         continue;
 296                 default:
 297                         ;
 298                 }
 299
 300                 /*
 301                  * If we are in case (2) or (3) above, we need to append the
 302                  * source name to the target name.
 303                  */
 304                 if (type != FILE_TO_FILE) {
 305                         /*
 306                          * Need to remember the roots of traversals to create
 307                          * correct pathnames.  If there's a directory being
 308                          * copied to a non-existent directory, e.g.
 309                          *      cp -R a/dir noexist
 310                          * the resulting path name should be noexist/foo, not
 311                          * noexist/dir/foo (where foo is a file in dir), which
 312                          * is the case where the target exists.
 313                          *
 314                          * Also, check for "..".  This is for correct path
 315                          * concatenation for paths ending in "..", e.g.
 316                          *      cp -R .. /tmp
 317                          * Paths ending in ".." are changed to ".".  This is
 318                          * tricky, but seems the easiest way to fix the problem.
 319                          *
 320                          * XXX
 321                          * Since the first level MUST be FTS_ROOTLEVEL, base
 322                          * is always initialized.
 323                          */
 324                         if (curr->fts_level == FTS_ROOTLEVEL) {
 325                                 if (type != DIR_TO_DNE) {
 326                                         p = strrchr(curr->fts_path, '/');
 327                                         base = (p == NULL) ? 0 :
 328                                             (int)(p - curr->fts_path + 1);
 329
 330                                         if (!strcmp(&curr->fts_path[base],
 331                                             ".."))
 332                                                 base += 1;
 333                                 } else
 334                                         base = curr->fts_pathlen;
 335                         }
 336
 337                         p = &curr->fts_path[base];
 338                         nlen = curr->fts_pathlen - base;
 339                         target_mid = to.target_end;
 340                         if (*p != '/' && target_mid[-1] != '/')
 341                                 *target_mid++ = '/';
 342                         *target_mid = 0;
 343                         if (target_mid - to.p_path + nlen >= PATH_MAX) {
 344                                 warnx("%s%s: name too long (not copied)",
 345                                     to.p_path, p);
 346                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 347                                 continue;
 348                         }
 349                         (void)strncat(target_mid, p, nlen);
 350                         to.p_end = target_mid + nlen;
 351                         *to.p_end = 0;
 352                         STRIP_TRAILING_SLASH(to);
 353                 }
 354
 355                 if (curr->fts_info == FTS_DP) {
 356                         /*
 357                          * We are nearly finished with this directory.  If we
 358                          * didn't actually copy it, or otherwise don't need to
 359                          * change its attributes, then we are done.
 360                          */
 361                         if (!curr->fts_number)
 362                                 continue;
 363                         /*
 364                          * If -p is in effect, set all the attributes.
 365                          * Otherwise, set the correct permissions, limited
 366                          * by the umask.  Optimise by avoiding a chmod()
 367                          * if possible (which is usually the case if we
 368                          * made the directory).  Note that mkdir() does not
 369                          * honour setuid, setgid and sticky bits, but we
 370                          * normally want to preserve them on directories.
 371                          */
 372                         if (pflag) {
 373                                 if (setfile(curr->fts_statp, -1))
 374                                         rval = 1;
 375                                 if (preserve_dir_acls(curr->fts_statp,
 376                                     curr->fts_accpath, to.p_path) != 0)
 377                                         rval = 1;
 378                         } else {
 379                                 mode = curr->fts_statp->st_mode;
 380                                 if ((mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID | S_ISTXT)) ||
 381                                     ((mode | S_IRWXU) & mask) != (mode & mask))
 382                                         if (chmod(to.p_path, mode & mask) !=
 383                                             0) {
 384                                                 warn("chmod: %s", to.p_path);
 385                                                 rval = 1;
 386                                         }
 387                         }
 388                         continue;
 389                 }
 390
 391                 /* Not an error but need to remember it happened. */
 392                 if (stat(to.p_path, &to_stat) == -1)
 393                         dne = 1;
 394                 else {
 395                         if (to_stat.st_dev == curr->fts_statp->st_dev &&
 396                             to_stat.st_ino == curr->fts_statp->st_ino) {
 397                                 warnx("%s and %s are identical (not copied).",
 398                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 399                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 400                                 if (S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode))
 401                                         (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 402                                 continue;
 403                         }
 404                         if (!S_ISDIR(curr->fts_statp->st_mode) &&
 405                             S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 406                                 warnx("cannot overwrite directory %s with "
 407                                     "non-directory %s",
 408                                     to.p_path, curr->fts_path);
 409                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 410                                 continue;
 411                         }
 412                         dne = 0;
 413                 }
 414
 415                 switch (curr->fts_statp->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 416                 case S_IFLNK:
 417                         /* Catch special case of a non-dangling symlink. */
 418                         if ((fts_options & FTS_LOGICAL) ||
 419                             ((fts_options & FTS_COMFOLLOW) &&
 420                             curr->fts_level == 0)) {
 421                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 422                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 423                         } else {
 424                                 if (copy_link(curr, !dne))
 425                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 426                         }
 427                         break;
 428                 case S_IFDIR:
 429                         if (!Rflag) {
 430                                 warnx("%s is a directory (not copied).",
 431                                     curr->fts_path);
 432                                 (void)fts_set(ftsp, curr, FTS_SKIP);
 433                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 434                                 break;
 435                         }
 436                         /*
 437                          * If the directory doesn't exist, create the new
 438                          * one with the from file mode plus owner RWX bits,
 439                          * modified by the umask.  Trade-off between being
 440                          * able to write the directory (if from directory is
 441                          * 555) and not causing a permissions race.  If the
 442                          * umask blocks owner writes, we fail.
 443                          */
 444                         if (dne) {
 445                                 if (mkdir(to.p_path,
 446                                     curr->fts_statp->st_mode | S_IRWXU) < 0)
 447                                         err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 448                         } else if (!S_ISDIR(to_stat.st_mode)) {
 449                                 errno = ENOTDIR;
 450                                 err(1, "%s", to.p_path);
 451                         }
 452                         /*
 453                          * Arrange to correct directory attributes later
 454                          * (in the post-order phase) if this is a new
 455                          * directory, or if the -p flag is in effect.
 456                          */
 457                         curr->fts_number = pflag || dne;
 458                         break;
 459                 case S_IFBLK:
 460                 case S_IFCHR:
 461                         if (Rflag && !sflag) {
 462                                 if (copy_special(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 463                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 464                         } else {
 465                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 466                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 467                         }
 468                         break;
 469                 case S_IFSOCK:
 470                         warnx("%s is a socket (not copied).",
 471                             curr->fts_path);
 472                         break;
 473                 case S_IFIFO:
 474                         if (Rflag && !sflag) {
 475                                 if (copy_fifo(curr->fts_statp, !dne))
 476                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 477                         } else {
 478                                 if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 479                                         badcp = rval = 1;
 480                         }
 481                         break;
 482                 default:
 483                         if (copy_file(curr, dne))
 484                                 badcp = rval = 1;
 485                         break;
 486                 }
 487                 if (vflag && !badcp)
 488                         (void)printf("%s -> %s\n", curr->fts_path, to.p_path);
 489         }
 490         if (errno)
 491                 err(1, "fts_read");
 492         fts_close(ftsp);
 493         return (rval);
 494 }
 495
 496 static void
 497 siginfo(int sig __unused)
 498 {
 499
 500         info = 1;
 501 }