release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/installation/common/install.xml

   1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="koi8-r"?>
   2 <!--
   3 The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
   4
   5 $FreeBSD$
   6 $FreeBSDru: frdp/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/installation/common/install.xml,v 1.8 2005/06/30 11:12:32 den Exp $
   7
   8 Original revision: 1.32
   9
  10 install.xml
  11
  12 This file has architecture-dependent installation instructions, culled
  13 from {alpha,i386}/INSTALL.TXT.
  14
  15 -->
  16
  17 <sect1 id="install">
  18   <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ &os;</title>
  19
  20   <para>üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ &os;.
  21     ïÓÏÂÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÕÄÅÌÅÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os; &release.current;
  22     É ÎÁÞÁÌÕ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  çÌÁ×Á <ulink
  23     url="&url.books.handbook;/install.html"><quote>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
  24     FreeBSD</quote></ulink> <ulink
  25     url="&url.books.handbook;/">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
  26     FreeBSD</ulink> ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÓÁÍÏÊ
  27     ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÏÛÁÇÏ×ÕÀ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ
  28     Ó ÉÌÌÀÓÔÒÁÃÉÑÍÉ.</para>
  29
  30   <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÅ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÊ ÒÅÌÉÚ &os;, ÏÚÎÁËÏÍØÔÅÓØ Ó
  31     <xref linkend="upgrading"/>, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ
  32     ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ.</para>
  33
  34   <sect2 id="getting-started">
  35     <title>ðÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ</title>
  36
  37     <para>÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÍ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÅÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÏ
  38       ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÊ, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ
  39       Ó &os;.  ïÂÚÏÒ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ×, ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÍÙÈ Ó ÜÔÉÍ ÒÅÌÉÚÏÍ &os;, ÍÏÖÎÏ
  40       ÎÁÊÔÉ × <filename>README.TXT</filename>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ
  41       ÔÁÍ ÖÅ, ÇÄÅ É ÜÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ; ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÔÁËÉÈ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× (ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ
  42       Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ, ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ) ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ ÉÚ ÍÅÎÀ
  43       Documentation ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
  44
  45     <para>ïÎ-ÌÁÊÎ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ &os; <ulink
  46       url="&url.books.faq;/">FAQ</ulink> É
  47       <ulink
  48       url="&url.books.handbook;/">Handbook</ulink>
  49       ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ Ó <ulink url="&url.base;/ru/">×ÅÂ ÓÁÊÔÁ
  50       ðÒÏÅËÔÁ FreeBSD</ulink>, ÅÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ Ë ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ.</para>
  51
  52     <para>üÔÏÔ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏËÁÚÁÔØÓÑ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÍ, ÎÏ ×ÒÅÍÑ,
  53       ÐÏÔÒÁÞÅÎÎÏÅ ÎÁ ÉÈ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ, ÏËÕÐÉÔÓÑ ÍÎÏÇÏËÒÁÔÎÏ.  ïÚÎÁËÏÍÌÅÎÉÅ Ó
  54       ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÍÉ ÒÅÓÕÒÓÁÍÉ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ × ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÐÒÉ
  55       ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ.</para>
  56
  57     <para>äÁÖÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÙÅ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÉÎÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÔ Ë ÎÅÕÄÁÞÅ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ
  58       ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÔÏÌËÎÕÌÉÓØ Ó ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍÉ, ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅÓØ Ë <xref linkend="trouble"/>,
  59       ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÒÅÛÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ.  ÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔÓÑ
  60       ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÆÁÊÌÁ <filename>ERRATA.TXT</filename> ÐÅÒÅÄ
  61       ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ, ÏÎ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÄÉÔ ×ÁÓ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÙ
  62       ÚÁ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.</para>
  63
  64     <important>
  65       <para>èÏÔÑ &os; ÕÄÅÌÑÅÔ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÀ
  66         ÐÏÔÅÒÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ×ÓÅ ÖÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÞÅÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÁ
  67         <emphasis>ÐÏÔÅÒÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ</emphasis>
  68         ÐÒÉ ÏÛÉÂËÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  îÅ ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÉÔÅ Ë
  69         ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÍÕ ÍÅÎÀ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÅ
  70         ÂÙÌÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÏ ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ.</para>
  71     </important>
  72   </sect2>
  73
  74   <sect2>
  75     <title>ôÒÅÂÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ë ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÍÕ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÀ</title>
  76
  77 <!-- i386/pc98 text starts here -->
  78
  79     <para arch="i386,pc98">&os; ÄÌÑ &arch.print; ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ É ÒÁÂÏÔÙ
  80       ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ 486 ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒ ÉÌÉ ×ÙÛÅ É ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ 24&nbsp;ÍÅÇÁÂÁÊÔ
  81       ÏÐÅÒÁÔÉ×ÎÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ.  ÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ËÁË
  82       ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ 150MB Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ ÎÁ ÖÅÓÔËÏÍ ÄÉÓËÅ ÄÌÑ ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏÊ
  83       ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  îÉÖÅ ÄÁÎÁ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÒÅÚÁÎÉÀ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ
  84       ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os;.</para>
  85
  86 <!-- alpha text starts here -->
  87
  88     <para arch="alpha">&os; ÄÌÑ &arch.print; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ,
  89       ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>.</para>
  90
  91     <para arch="alpha">÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË ÄÌÑ &os;/alpha.
  92       îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÁ Ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ
  93       ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ.  üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓË ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎ Ë SCSI
  94       ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÕ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÍÕ SRM firmware ÉÌÉ Ë IDE ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÕ,
  95       ÅÓÌÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ Ó IDE ÄÉÓËÏ× ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ.</para>
  96
  97     <para arch="alpha">ëÏÒÎÅ×ÁÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ïâñúáôåìøîï ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ
  98       ÐÅÒ×ÙÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏÍ (ÒÁÚÄÅÌ <literal>a</literal>) ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ ÄÌÑ,
  99       ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÔÁÌÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ.</para>
 100
 101     <para arch="alpha">÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ firmware SRM ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÊ
 102       ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ.  ÷ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÅÒÅËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÍÅÖÄÕ
 103       AlphaBIOS (ÉÌÉ ARC) firmware É SRM.  ÷ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ
 104       ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ firmware Ó ×ÅÂ ÓÁÊÔÁ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÝÉËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.</para>
 105
 106 <!-- sparc64 text starts here -->
 107
 108     <para arch="sparc64">&os; ÄÌÑ &arch.print; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ,
 109       ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ × <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>.</para>
 110
 111     <para arch="sparc64">÷ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË ÄÌÑ &os;/sparc64.
 112       îÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÁ Ó ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ
 113       ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ.</para>
 114
 115 <!-- amd64 text starts here -->
 116     <para arch="amd64">&os; ÄÌÑ &arch.print; ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁÍÉ
 117       Athlon64, Athlon64-FX, Opteron ÉÌÉ ×ÙÛÅ.</para>
 118
 119     <para arch="amd64">åÓÌÉ ×ÁÛ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎ ÎÁ
 120       nVidia nForce3 Pro-150, ×ÁÍ îåïâèïäéíï ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ BIOS setup ÄÌÑ
 121       ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ IO APIC.  åÓÌÉ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ,
 122       ×ÁÍ ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÙËÌÀÞÉÔØ ACPI.  ÷ ÞÉÐÓÅÔÅ Pro-150
 123       ÅÓÔØ ÏÛÉÂËÉ, ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÙ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÎÁÛÌÉ ÏÂÈÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÐÕÔÉ.</para>
 124
 125 <!-- generic text starts here -->
 126
 127     <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÚÎÁËÏÍÙ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÏÊ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ &os;,
 128       ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ ÆÁÊÌ <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>;
 129       × ÎÅÍ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔÓÑ ×ÁÖÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÀ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÍÕ
 130       &os;.</para>
 131   </sect2>
 132
 133   <sect2 id="floppies">
 134     <title>éÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔ</title>
 135
 136     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">÷ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os;,
 137       ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÅ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔ (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÔÒÅÈ)
 138       ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  üÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ËÒÁÔËÏ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ
 139       ËÁË ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÓËÉ Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÏÇÏ CDROM ÉÌÉ ÉÚ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ.
 140       ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ × ÏÂÝÅÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; Ó CDROM
 141       ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÅÍ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ CDROM, ÜÔÏÔ ÛÁÇ ÎÅ
 142       ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÐÕÝÅÎ.</para>
 143
 144     <para arch="i386,alpha">äÌÑ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏË Ó CDROM ÉÌÉ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ,
 145       ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÀÔÓÑ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ ÄÉÓËÅÔ
 146       <filename>boot.flp</filename> É <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>
 147       ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <filename>floppies/</filename> (ÄÌÑ 1.44MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ).</para>
 148
 149     <para arch="pc98">äÌÑ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó CDROM ÉÌÉ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ×ÁÍ
 150       ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ ÄÉÓËÅÔ <filename>boot.flp</filename>
 151       É <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename> ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
 152       <filename>floppies/</filename> (ÄÌÑ 1.44MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ) ÉÌÉ
 153       <filename>boot-small.flp</filename> É
 154       <filename>kern-small.flp</filename> (ÄÌÑ 1.2MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ).</para>
 155
 156     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">ðÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÜÔÉ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ.
 157       úÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ
 158       <replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>/floppies/boot.flp</filename>
 159       É ×ÓÅ
 160       <replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>/floppies/kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>
 161       Ó <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink> ÉÌÉ Ó ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÉÚ ÚÅÒËÁÌ,
 162       ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ × ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ <ulink
 163       url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors-ftp.html">FTP
 164       ÚÅÒËÁÌÁ</ulink> òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á ÉÌÉ, ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÈ
 165       <ulink url="http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink>.</para>
 166
 167     <para arch="i386,alpha">÷ÏÚØÍÉÔÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÞÉÓÔÙÈ,
 168       ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÔÏ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
 169       ÄÉÓËÅÔ É ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÏÂÒÁÚ <filename>boot.flp</filename> ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ,
 170       Á <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename> ÎÁ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ.  üÔÉ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ
 171       <emphasis>ÎÅ</emphasis> DOS ÆÁÊÌÙ.  ÷Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
 172       ÉÈ ÎÁ DOS ÉÌÉ UFS ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 173       ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <filename>fdimage.exe</filename>
 174       ÐÏÄ DOS (ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>tools</filename> ÎÁ CDROM
 175       ÉÌÉ ÎÁ FTP ÚÅÒËÁÌÁÈ &os;) ÉÌÉ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.dd.1;
 176       × UNIX.</para>
 177
 178     <para arch="pc98">÷ÏÚØÍÉÔÅ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÞÉÓÔÙÈ,
 179       ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÔÏ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
 180       ÄÉÓËÅÔ É ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ ÏÂÒÁÚ <filename>boot.flp</filename> ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ,
 181       Á <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename> ÎÁ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ.  üÔÉ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ
 182       <emphasis>ÎÅ</emphasis> DOS ÆÁÊÌÙ.  ÷Ù ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ
 183       ÉÈ ÎÁ DOS ÉÌÉ UFS ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 184       ÒÁÚÍÅÝÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ <filename>rawrite.exe</filename>
 185       ÐÏÄ DOS (ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>tools</filename> ÎÁ CDROM
 186       ÉÌÉ ÎÁ FTP ÚÅÒËÁÌÁÈ &os;) ÉÌÉ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.dd.1;
 187       × UNIX.</para>
 188
 189     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ Ó ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ ÑÄÒÁ
 190       ÐÏÄ DOS, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁËÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>
 191
 192     <screen arch="i386,alpha"><prompt>C></prompt> <userinput>fdimage boot.flp a:</userinput></screen>
 193     <screen arch="pc98"><prompt>A></prompt> <userinput>rawrite</userinput></screen>
 194
 195     <para arch="i386,alpha">ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ
 196       <filename>fdimage.exe</filename> É <filename>boot.flp</filename>
 197       × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ.  äÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>
 198       ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÙ.</para>
 199
 200     <para arch="pc98">ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ
 201       <filename>rawrite.exe</filename> É <filename>boot.flp</filename>
 202       × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ.  äÌÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>
 203       ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÁÎÁÌÏÇÉÞÎÙ.</para>
 204
 205     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÎÁ
 206       ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ UNIX, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>
 207
 208     <screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0</userinput></screen>
 209     <screen arch="pc98">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0.1440</userinput></screen>
 210
 211     <para arch="i386,alpha">ÉÌÉ</para>
 212
 213     <screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
 214
 215     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">ÉÌÉ</para>
 216
 217     <screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy</userinput></screen>
 218     <screen arch="pc98">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot-small.flp of=/dev/rfd0.1200</userinput></screen>
 219
 220     <para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">× ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÏÔ ÉÍÅÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
 221       É ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ (ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ UNIX ÐÏ-ÒÁÚÎÏÍÕ ÉÍÅÎÕÀÔ
 222       ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÇÉÂËÉÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×).</para>
 223
 224     <para arch="amd64,sparc64">õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ×
 225       &os;/&arch;.</para>
 226   </sect2>
 227
 228   <sect2 id="start-installation">
 229     <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ &os; Ó CDROM ÉÌÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ</title>
 230
 231 <!-- i386/pc98 text starts here -->
 232
 233     <para arch="i386,amd64">ðÒÏÝÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó CDROM.
 234       åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ
 235       CD &os;, ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ Ä×Á ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó ÎÅÇÏ:
 236       <itemizedlist>
 237         <listitem>
 238           <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÛÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ <quote>CDBOOT</quote>
 239             ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ CDROM É ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ Ó CD ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ, ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ
 240             ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ CD &os; × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ É ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ
 241             ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
 242         </listitem>
 243         <listitem>
 244           <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ &os; ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
 245             <filename>floppies/</filename> ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os;.
 246             ðÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <xref linkend="floppies"/> Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ
 247             ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÐÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ
 248             ÐÏÄ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ.  úÁÔÅÍ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ
 249             ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅÓØ Ó ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, É ×ÓËÏÒÅ ÎÁÞÎÅÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
 250             &os;.</para>
 251         </listitem>
 252       </itemizedlist>
 253     </para>
 254
 255     <para arch="pc98">ðÒÏÝÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó CDROM.
 256       åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ
 257       CD &os;, ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ó ÎÅÇÏ:
 258       <itemizedlist>
 259         <listitem>
 260           <para>óÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ &os; ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
 261             <filename>floppies/</filename> ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os;.
 262             ðÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <xref linkend="floppies"/> Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ
 263             ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÐÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÐÏÄ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ
 264             ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ.  úÁÔÅÍ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅÓØ Ó ÐÅÒ×ÏÊ
 265             ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, É ×ÓËÏÒÅ ÎÁÞÎÅÔÓÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ &os;.</para>
 266         </listitem>
 267       </itemizedlist>
 268     </para>
 269
 270     <para arch="i386">åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅÔ CDROM (ÉÌÉ ×ÁÛ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ ÎÅ
 271       ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ Ó CDROM), ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
 272       ÞÅÒÅÚ ÓÅÔØ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ PPP, SLIP ÉÌÉ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ.
 273       îÁÞÎÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ, ÓÏÚÄÁ× ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ &os;
 274       ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> É
 275       <filename>floppies/kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ
 276       × <xref linkend="floppies"/>.  ðÅÒÅÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ,
 277       ÄÉÓË <filename>boot.flp</filename>; ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ
 278       ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÉ.  ðÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ
 279       <xref linkend="ftpnfs"/> Ó ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ
 280       ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP ÉÌÉ NFS.</para>
 281
 282     <para arch="pc98">åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÅÔ CDROM, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ
 283       ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÓÅÔØ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ PPP, SLIP ÉÌÉ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ.
 284       îÁÞÎÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ, ÓÏÚÄÁ× ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ &os;
 285       ÉÚ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> É
 286       <filename>floppies/mfsroot.flp</filename>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ
 287       × <xref linkend="floppies"/>.  ðÅÒÅÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ,
 288       ÄÉÓË <filename>kern.flp</filename>; ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ
 289       ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÉ.  ðÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ
 290       <xref linkend="ftpnfs"/> Ó ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ
 291       ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP ÉÌÉ NFS.</para>
 292
 293 <!-- alpha text starts here -->
 294
 295     <para arch="alpha">ðÒÏÝÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó CDROM.
 296       åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÊ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÊ
 297       CD &os;, ÔÏ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ &os; ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó ÎÅÇÏ.
 298       ÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÄÉÓË × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ É ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ ÄÌÑ
 299       ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ (ÐÏÄÓÔÁ×É× ÄÒÕÇÏÅ ÉÍÑ CDROM ÅÓÌÉ
 300       ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ):</para>
 301
 302     <screen arch="alpha">&gt;&gt;&gt;<userinput>boot dka0</userinput></screen>
 303
 304     <para arch="alpha">÷ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÁÌØÔÅÒÎÁÔÉ×Ù ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÎÁÞÁÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
 305       Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ.  äÌÑ ÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÎÁÂÏÒ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ
 306       ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÉÚ <filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> É ÆÁÊÌÏ×
 307       <filename>floppies/kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÉÚ
 308       <xref linkend="floppies"/>.  ÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ <filename>boot.flp</filename>,
 309       ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÉÚ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ SRM ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ
 310       (<literal>&gt;&gt;&gt;</literal>) ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ:</para>
 311
 312     <screen arch="alpha">&gt;&gt;&gt;<userinput>boot dva0</userinput></screen>
 313
 314     <para arch="alpha">÷ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ
 315       ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ É ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÏÅ
 316       ÏËÎÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
 317
 318 <!-- sparc64 text starts here -->
 319
 320     <para arch="sparc64">âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÓÉÓÔÅÍ &arch; ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ ÄÌÑ
 321       Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ.  äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 322       ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ ÉÚ ÓÅÔÉ ÉÌÉ Ó CDROM, ÞÔÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ×ÈÏÄÁ × PROM
 323       (OpenFirmware).</para>
 324
 325     <para arch="sparc64">äÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÐÅÒÅÇÒÕÚÉÔÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ É ÖÄÉÔÅ ÐÏÑ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
 326       ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ.  ïÎÏ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ ÏÔ ÍÏÄÅÌÉ, ÎÏ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÅÔØ
 327       ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>
 328
 329     <screen arch="sparc64">Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
 330 Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 331 OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.
 332 Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.</screen>
 333
 334     <para arch="sparc64">åÓÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ×ÁÛÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ ÎÁÞÉÎÁÅÔ
 335       ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÕ, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁÖÁÔØ <keycombo
 336       action="simul"><keycap>L1</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
 337       ÉÌÉ <keycombo
 338       action="simul"><keycap>Stop</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
 339       ÎÁ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÅ, ÉÌÉ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÉÔØ <command>BREAK</command> ÞÅÒÅÚ
 340       ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÎÓÏÌØ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ <command>~#</command>
 341       × &man.tip.1; ÉÌÉ &man.cu.1;) ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ PROM.
 342       ïÎÏ ×ÙÇÌÑÄÉÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>
 343
 344     <screenco arch="sparc64">
 345       <areaspec>
 346         <area id="prompt-single" coords="1 5"/>
 347         <area id="prompt-smp" coords="2 5"/>
 348       </areaspec>
 349
 350       <screen><prompt>ok     </prompt>
 351 <prompt>ok {0} </prompt></screen>
 352
 353       <calloutlist>
 354         <callout arearefs="prompt-single">
 355           <para>üÔÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ Ó ÏÄÎÉÍ
 356             CPU.</para>
 357         </callout>
 358
 359         <callout arearefs="prompt-smp">
 360           <para>üÔÏ ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ SMP, ÃÉÆÒÁ
 361             ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÞÉÓÌÏ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÈ CPU.</para>
 362         </callout>
 363       </calloutlist>
 364     </screenco>
 365
 366     <para arch="sparc64">ðÏÓÌÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔÅ CDROM × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ É ÉÚ
 367       ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ PROM ÎÁÂÅÒÉÔÅ <command>boot cdrom</command>.</para>
 368
 369   </sect2>
 370
 371   <sect2>
 372     <title>äÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÔÉÐÁÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ</title>
 373
 374     <para>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÜËÒÁÎ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ,
 375       ×Ù ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÍÅÎÀ ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ.
 376       åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎØÛÅ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
 377       &os;, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ ÉÚ
 378       ÐÏÄÍÅÎÀ Documentation, ËÁË É ÏÂÝÉÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ <quote>Usage</quote>
 379       ÉÚ ÐÅÒ×ÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ.</para>
 380
 381     <note>
 382       <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÓÔÒÅÔÉÌÉÓØ Ó ÚÁÔÒÕÄÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ, ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÛÕ
 383         <keycap>F1</keycap> ÄÌÑ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÏÎÌÁÊÎ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ, ÏÔÎÏÓÑÝÅÊÓÑ
 384         Ë ÜÔÏÍÕ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÕ.</para>
 385     </note>
 386
 387     <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÒÁÎØÛÅ ÎÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ &os;, ÉÌÉ ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ
 388       ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÌÉ, ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÍÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ
 389       <quote>Standard</quote>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÇÁÒÁÎÔÉÒÕÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ×ÓÅÈ
 390       ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÐÕÎËÔÏ× ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÚÎÁËÏÍÙ Ó
 391       ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; É <emphasis>ÔÏÞÎÏ</emphasis> ÚÎÁÅÔÅ, ÞÔÏ
 392       ÎÕÖÎÏ ÄÅÌÁÔØ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ <quote>Express</quote> ÉÌÉ
 393       <quote>Custom</quote>.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ,
 394       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <quote>Upgrade</quote>.</para>
 395
 396     <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÅ
 397       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× DOS, NFS, UFS, ÌÅÎÔ É CDROM × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
 398       ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ; ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÉÅ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ
 399       ÉÚ ÜÔÉÈ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÎÙ ÎÉÖÅ.</para>
 400
 401     <para arch="alpha">ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÁ, ×Ù
 402       ÓÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔØ &os;/&arch; ÐÕÔÅÍ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ × ÐÒÉÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÉ SRM
 403       ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</para>
 404
 405     <screen arch="alpha">&gt;&gt;&gt;<userinput>boot dkc0</userinput></screen>
 406
 407     <para arch="alpha">ïÎÁ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ firmware ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØÓÑ Ó ÕËÁÚÁÎÎÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ.
 408       äÌÑ ÐÏÉÓËÁ SRM ÉÍÅÎ ÄÉÓËÏ× ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ
 409       <literal>show device</literal>:</para>
 410
 411     <screen arch="alpha">&gt;&gt;&gt;<userinput>show device</userinput>
 412 dka0.0.0.4.0               DKA0           TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-57  3476
 413 dkc0.0.0.1009.0            DKC0                       RZ1BB-BS  0658
 414 dkc100.1.0.1009.0          DKC100             SEAGATE ST34501W  0015
 415 dva0.0.0.0.1               DVA0
 416 ewa0.0.0.3.0               EWA0              00-00-F8-75-6D-01
 417 pkc0.7.0.1009.0            PKC0                  SCSI Bus ID 7  5.27
 418 pqa0.0.0.4.0               PQA0                       PCI EIDE
 419 pqb0.0.1.4.0               PQB0                       PCI EIDE</screen>
 420
 421     <para arch="alpha">üÔÏÔ ÐÒÉÍÅÒ ×ÚÑÔ Ó Digital Personal Workstation 433au
 422       É ÐÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÔÒÉ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÈ Ë ÍÁÛÉÎÅ.  ðÅÒ×ÙÊ ÜÔÏ CDROM,
 423       ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÝÉÊÓÑ <devicename>dka0</devicename>, Á ÄÒÕÇÉÅ Ä×Á ÄÉÓËÁ
 424       ÎÁÚÙ×ÁÀÔÓÑ <devicename>dkc0</devicename> É
 425       <devicename>dkc100</devicename> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ.</para>
 426
 427     <para arch="alpha">÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ËÁËÏÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÑÄÒÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØ É ËÁËÉÅ
 428       ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁÍÉ <option>-file</option>
 429       É <option>-flags</option>, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>
 430
 431     <screen arch="alpha"><prompt>&gt;&gt;&gt;</prompt> <userinput>boot -file kernel.old -flags s</userinput></screen>
 432
 433     <para arch="alpha">äÌÑ Á×ÔÏÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ &os;/&arch;, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ
 434       ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</para>
 435
 436     <screen arch="alpha"><prompt>&gt;&gt;&gt;</prompt> <userinput>set boot_osflags a</userinput>
 437 <prompt>&gt;&gt;&gt;</prompt> <userinput>set bootdef_dev dkc0</userinput>
 438 <prompt>&gt;&gt;&gt;</prompt> <userinput>set auto_action BOOT</userinput></screen>
 439
 440     <sect3>
 441       <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó CDROM ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ</title>
 442
 443       <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ Ó ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÁ
 444         CDROM, ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <xref linkend="start-installation"/>.  åÓÌÉ × ×ÁÛÅÊ
 445         ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ ÎÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÁ CDROM É ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ CDROM ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ
 446         ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ, Ë ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
 447         ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏ× ÞÔÏÂÙ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ:</para>
 448
 449       <itemizedlist>
 450         <listitem>
 451           <para>åÓÌÉ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP
 452             ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ Ó CDROM ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ &os;, ÜÔÏ ÏÞÅÎØ
 453             ÐÒÏÓÔÏ: ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ É ÄÏÂÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÕÀ
 454             ÓÔÒÏËÕ × ÆÁÊÌ ÐÁÒÏÌÅÊ (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ &man.vipw.8;):</para>
 455
 456           <screen>ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/sbin/nologin</screen>
 457
 458           <para>îÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÇÄÅ ×Ù ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ, ÐÅÒÅÊÄÉÔÅ
 459             Ë ÍÅÎÀ Options É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÅ ÉÍÑ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ × <literal>any</literal>.
 460             úÁÔÅÍ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÔÉÐ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ <literal>FTP</literal>,
 461             <filename>ftp://<replaceable>machine</replaceable></filename>
 462             ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ <quote>URL</quote> × ÍÅÎÀ ftp ÓÁÊÔÏ×.</para>
 463
 464           <warning>
 465             <para>üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ ÌÀÂÏÍÕ × ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ ÓÅÔÉ (ÉÌÉ ÉÎÔÅÒÎÅÔ)
 466               ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ <quote>ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÙÅ</quote> FTP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ Ó
 467               ÜÔÉÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÅÖÅÌÁÔÅÌØÎÏ.</para>
 468           </warning>
 469         </listitem>
 470
 471         <listitem>
 472           <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÜÔÏÇÏ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ NFS ÄÌÑ
 473             ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÜËÓÐÏÒÔÁ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ CDROM ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ,
 474             Ó ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ ×ÅÓÔÉÓØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ, ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 475             ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ × ÆÁÊÌ <filename>/etc/exports</filename>
 476             (ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ CDROM).  ðÒÉÍÅÒ ÎÉÖÅ
 477             ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ <hostid
 478             role="hostname">ziggy.foo.com</hostid> ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ CDROM
 479             ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS:</para>
 480
 481           <screen>/cdrom          -ro             ziggy.foo.com</screen>
 482
 483           <para>ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ Ó CDROM ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎ
 484             × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å NFS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, É ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ Õ×ÅÒÅÎÙ ËÁË ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÜÔÏ,
 485             NFS ×ÅÒÏÑÔÎÏ ÎÅ ÌÕÞÛÉÊ ×ÙÂÏÒ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÓ, ÐÏËÁ ×Ù ÎÅ ÐÒÏÞÔÅÔÅ
 486             &man.rc.conf.5; É ÎÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÔÅ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ.  ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÑ,
 487             ÞÔÏ ÜÔÁ ÞÁÓÔØ ÐÒÏÛÌÁ ÎÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏ, ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ××ÅÓÔÉ:
 488             <filename><replaceable>cdrom-host</replaceable>:/cdrom</filename>
 489             × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÕÔÉ Ë NFS ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ, ÇÄÅ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×,
 490             ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <filename>wiggy:/cdrom</filename>.</para>
 491         </listitem>
 492       </itemizedlist>
 493     </sect3>
 494
 495     <sect3>
 496       <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ</title>
 497
 498       <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÉÌÉ ÉÚ-ÚÁ
 499         ÎÅÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÉÌÉ ÐÏÔÏÍÕ, ÞÔÏ ×ÁÍ ÎÒÁ×ÉÔÓÑ
 500         ÄÅÌÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÓÌÏÖÎÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ÉÔØ
 501         ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ.</para>
 502
 503       <para>óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ØÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ ×
 504         <xref linkend="floppies"/>.</para>
 505
 506       <para>úÁÔÅÍ, ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÔÉÔÅ <xref linkend="layout"/> É ÏÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ
 507         ÏÓÏÂÏÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ <quote>Distribution Format</quote>,
 508         ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÏÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ ÎÁ
 509         ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ É ÔÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÐÕÓÔÉÔØ.</para>
 510
 511       <para>úÁÔÅÍ ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ, ËÁË ÍÉÎÉÍÕÍ, ÓÔÏÌØËÏ 1.44MB ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÓËÏÌØËÏ
 512         ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÄÌÑ ×ÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÉÚ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
 513         <filename>bin</filename> (binary distribution).  åÓÌÉ ×Ù
 514         ÐÏÄÇÏÔÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ ÜÔÉ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÐÏÄ DOS, ÏÎÉ <emphasis>ÄÏÌÖÎÙ</emphasis>
 515         ÂÙÔØ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ MS-DOS
 516         <filename>FORMAT</filename>.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ
 517         Windows, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅÓØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÏÊ format ÉÚ
 518         Windows File Manager.</para>
 519
 520       <important>
 521         <para>úÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÄÉÓËÉ ÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÕÖÅ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ.
 522           èÏÔÑ ÜÔÏ ÕÄÏÂÎÏ, ÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, Ï ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÁÌÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ,
 523           ÓÔÁÌÉ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÏÊ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ ÏÔÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
 524           ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÅÊ.  ðÅÒÅÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÕÊÔÅ ÉÈ ÓÁÍÏÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÎÏ, ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÄÌÑ
 525           Õ×ÅÒÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ.</para>
 526       </important>
 527
 528       <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÓÏÚÄÁÅÔÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÎÁ ÄÒÕÇÏÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ Ó &os;,
 529         ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ, ÈÏÔÑ ÎÅÔ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ
 530         ÓÏÚÄÁ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ DOS ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÏÊ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ.  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
 531         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.disklabel.8; É &man.newfs.8; ÄÌÑ
 532         ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÁÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ UFS, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÏÉÌÌÀÓÔÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ
 533         × ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ËÏÍÁÎÄ:</para>
 534
 535       <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fdformat -f 1440 fd0</userinput>
 536 &prompt.root; <userinput>disklabel -w fd0 floppy3</userinput>
 537 &prompt.root; <userinput>newfs -i 65536 /dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
 538
 539       <para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÄÉÓËÅÔ ÄÌÑ DOS ÉÌÉ UFS, ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 540         ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÎÁ ÎÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÙ.  æÁÊÌÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÙ ÎÁ
 541         ÞÁÓÔÉ ÔÁËÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÎÁ ËÁÖÄÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÌÓÑ ÏÄÉÎ ÆÁÊÌ.
 542         ëÁÖÄÙÊ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ
 543         ÎÁÂÏÒ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÒÁÓÐÏÌÁÇÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ × Ó×ÏÅÍ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ,
 544         Ô.Å.: <filename>a:\bin\bin.inf</filename>,
 545         <filename>a:\bin\bin.aa</filename>,
 546         <filename>a:\bin\bin.ab</filename>, ...</para>
 547
 548       <important>
 549         <para>æÁÊÌ <filename>bin.inf</filename> ÔÁËÖÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÐÏÍÅÓÔÉÔØ
 550           ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ <filename>bin</filename>, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
 551           ÏÎ ÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á
 552           ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÏÂßÅÄÉÎÉÔØ ×
 553           ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÊ ÎÁÂÏÒ.  ðÒÉ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ× ÎÁ
 554           ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ÆÁÊÌ <filename>distname.inf</filename>
 555           <emphasis>ÄÏÌÖÅÎ</emphasis> ÐÏÍÅÝÁÔØÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÕÀ ÄÉÓËÅÔÕ
 556           ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ.</para>
 557       </important>
 558
 559       <para>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ ÜËÒÁÎ Media,
 560         ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ <quote>Floppy</quote> É ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÊÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ.</para>
 561     </sect3>
 562
 563     <sect3 arch="i386,pc98,amd64">
 564       <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS</title>
 565
 566       <para arch="i386,amd64">äÌÑ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÅ Ë ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ MS-DOS
 567         ×Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÉÚ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
 568         <filename>FREEBSD</filename> ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ DOS
 569         (<devicename>C:</devicename>).  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÄÌÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ
 570         ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ &os; Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÆÁÊÌÙ,
 571         ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ Ó CDROM, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÅÅ:</para>
 572
 573       <screen arch="i386,amd64"><prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>MD C:\FREEBSD</userinput>
 574 <prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>XCOPY /S E:\BASE C:\FREEBSD\BASE</userinput></screen>
 575       <screen arch="pc98"><prompt>A:\></prompt> <userinput>MD A:\FREEBSD</userinput>
 576 <prompt>A:\></prompt> <userinput>XCOPY /S E:\BASE A:\FREEBSD\BASE</userinput></screen>
 577
 578       <para>ðÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÎÁ <devicename>E:</devicename> ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ
 579         CD.</para>
 580
 581       <para arch="i386,amd64">äÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
 582         ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS (É ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ
 583         Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÅ ÍÅÓÔÏ), ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
 584         <filename>C:\FREEBSD</filename> &mdash; ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÊ
 585         ÎÁÂÏÒ ÜÔÏ <filename>BIN</filename>.</para>
 586
 587       <para arch="pc98">äÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
 588         ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS (É ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ
 589         Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÅ ÍÅÓÔÏ), ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ
 590         <filename>A:\FREEBSD</filename> &mdash; ÍÉÎÉÍÁÌØÎÏ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÊ
 591         ÎÁÂÏÒ ÜÔÏ <filename>BIN</filename>.</para>
 592
 593       <para>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ×Ù ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÌÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÉ, ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
 594         Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ ËÁË ÏÂÙÞÎÏ É ×ÙÂÅÒÉÔÅ <quote>DOS</quote> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
 595         ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉÄÅÔ ×ÒÅÍÑ.</para>
 596     </sect3>
 597
 598     <sect3>
 599       <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ Ó QIC/SCSI ÌÅÎÔÙ</title>
 600
 601       <para>ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ Ó ÌÅÎÔÙ, ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔ, ÞÔÏ
 602         ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÙ ÎÁ ÎÅÅ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ &man.tar.1;,
 603         ÐÏÜÔÏÍÕ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×,
 604         ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÁÍ ÎÕÖÎÙ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ <command>tar</command> ÄÌÑ
 605         ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÉÈ ÎÁ ÌÅÎÔÕ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁËÏÊ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ:</para>
 606
 607       <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd <replaceable>/where/you/have/your/dists</replaceable></userinput>
 608 &prompt.root; <userinput>tar cvf /dev/sa0 <replaceable>dist1</replaceable> .. <replaceable>dist2</replaceable></userinput></screen>
 609
 610       <para>ðÒÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ×Ù ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÕÂÅÄÉÔØÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÏ
 611         ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÍ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ (ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×ÁÍ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÌÏÖÅÎÏ
 612         ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ) ÄÌÑ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ <emphasis>ÐÏÌÎÏÇÏ</emphasis> ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ
 613         ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÌÅÎÔÙ.  ÷ Ó×ÑÚÉ Ó ÎÅ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
 614         Ë ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÇÏ ÌÅÎÔÙ, ÜÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ ×Ï
 615         ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÍ ÈÒÁÎÉÌÉÝÅ.  ïÔ×ÅÄÉÔÅ ÓÔÏÌØËÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ, ÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 616         ÄÌÑ ÒÁÓÐÁËÏ×ËÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÙÈ ÎÁÂÏÒÏ×, ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÌÅÎÔÕ.</para>
 617
 618       <note>
 619         <para>äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÌÅÎÔÁ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÁ × ÐÒÉ×ÏÄ
 620           <emphasis>ÄÏ</emphasis> ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ.  éÎÁÞÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ
 621           ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÎÅ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÅÅ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×.</para>
 622       </note>
 623
 624       <para>ôÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÚÄÁÊÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÅ ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ ×
 625         <xref linkend="floppies"/> É ÐÒÉÓÔÕÐÁÊÔÅ Ë ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ.</para>
 626     </sect3>
 627
 628     <sect3 id="ftpnfs">
 629       <title>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP ÉÌÉ NFS</title>
 630
 631       <para>ðÏÓÌÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÈ ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ËÁË ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ × ÐÅÒ×ÏÍ
 632         ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ
 633         3 ÔÉÐÁ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ: ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ, ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ
 634         ÉÌÉ Ethernet.</para>
 635
 636       <sect4>
 637         <title>ðÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ</title>
 638
 639         <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ SLIP ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÐÒÉÍÉÔÉ×ÎÁ, É ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÁ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ
 640           ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÙÍÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ, ÔÁËÉÍÉ ËÁË ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ËÁÂÅÌØ
 641           ÍÅÖÄÕ Ä×ÕÍÑ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÍÉ.  óÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÓÔÏÑÎÎÙÍ,
 642           ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ SLIP ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÎÅ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
 643           ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ.  åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎ ÐÏ ÍÏÄÅÍÕ
 644           ÉÌÉ ÉÎÏÊ ÓÐÏÓÏÂ ÐÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÅÇÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ,
 645           ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÊÔÅ PPP.</para>
 646
 647         <para>ðÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ PPP, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ, ÞÔÏ Õ ×ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ
 648           ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ É Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ Ï DNS, ÔÁË ËÁË ÏÎÉ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÑÔÓÑ ÎÁ
 649           ÒÁÎÎÅÊ ÓÔÁÄÉÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.  ÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
 650           ÚÎÁÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ PPP ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
 651           ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÅ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÜÔÕ
 652           ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ ÏÔ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
 653           ÔÁËÕÀ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ.</para>
 654
 655         <para>÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÎÁÄÏÂÉÔØÓÑ Ó×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ ÏÂ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ
 656           <quote>AT ËÏÍÁÎÄ</quote> ×ÁÛÅÊ ÍÏÄÅÌÉ ÍÏÄÅÍÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
 657           ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ ÄÏÚ×ÏÎÁ PPP ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÞÅÎØ ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ
 658           ÜÍÕÌÑÔÏÒ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ.</para>
 659       </sect4>
 660
 661       <sect4>
 662         <title>ðÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ</title>
 663
 664         <para>åÓÌÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÅ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ Ë ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÕ
 665           &os; ÉÌÉ Linux, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÏ×ÅÓÔÉ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÞÅÒÅÚ
 666           ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ <quote>laplink</quote> ËÁÂÅÌØ.  óËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ
 667           ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÁÒÁÌÌÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ ÇÏÒÁÚÄÏ ×ÙÛÅ, ÞÅÍ ÜÔÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
 668           ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÕÀ ÌÉÎÉÀ (ÄÏ 50Ë/ÓÅË), × ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ
 669           ÐÒÏÈÏÄÉÔ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ.  ïÂÙÞÎÏ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 670           <quote>ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÉÊ</quote> IP ÁÄÒÅÓ ÐÒÉ PPP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÉ ÔÁËÉÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ
 671           É ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÁÄÒÅÓÁ RFC 1918 ÄÌÑ ËÏÎÃÏ× ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ
 672           (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.1</hostid>,
 673           <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.2</hostid>, É Ô.Ä.).</para>
 674
 675         <important>
 676           <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ Ó Linux, Á ÎÅ Ó &os; ×
 677             ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÙ PLIP, ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ
 678             <option>link0</option> × ÏËÎÅ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ TCP/IP, ÐÏÌÅ
 679             <quote>extra options for ifconfig</quote>, ÄÌÑ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ
 680             ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÉÎÁÞÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ PLIP
 681             ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÏÍ Linux.</para>
 682         </important>
 683
 684       </sect4>
 685
 686       <sect4>
 687         <title>Ethernet</title>
 688
 689         <para>&os; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÛÉÒÏËÏ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÎÙÈ
 690           ËÁÒÔ Ethernet; ÔÁÂÌÉÃÁ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÈ ËÁÒÔ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÞÁÓÔØÀ
 691           ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÏÂ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÉ (<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>
 692           × ÍÅÎÀ Documentation ÎÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÊ ÄÉÓËÅÔÅ ÉÌÉ × ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÍ
 693           ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ CDROM).  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÏÄÎÕ ÉÚ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ
 694           PCMCIA Ethernet ËÁÒÔ, ÕÂÅÄÉÔÅÓØ ÔÁËÖÅ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÁ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÁ
 695           <emphasis>ÄÏ</emphasis> ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁ.  ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ,
 696           &os; ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ PCMCIA ËÁÒÔ <quote>ÎÁ ÈÏÄÕ</quote>
 697           ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
 698
 699         <para>÷ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÚÎÁÔØ ×ÁÛ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ × ÓÅÔÉ,
 700           ÓÅÔÅ×ÕÀ ÍÁÓËÕ ÄÌÑ ×ÁÛÅÊ ÐÏÄÓÅÔÉ, É ÉÍÑ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁ.
 701           ÷ÁÛ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÊ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÄÓËÁÚÁÔØ ×ÁÍ, ËÁËÉÅ
 702           ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÄÏÊÄÕÔ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÂÕÄÅÔÅ
 703           ÏÂÒÁÝÁÔØÓÑ Ë ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ÈÏÓÔÁÍ ÐÏ ÉÍÅÎÉ ×ÍÅÓÔÏ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁ,
 704           ×ÁÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÉÍÅÎ É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÁÄÒÅÓ ÛÌÀÚÁ
 705           (ÅÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ PPP, ÜÔÏ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁ).
 706           åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó FTP ÞÅÒÅÚ HTTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ
 707           (ÓÍ. ÎÉÖÅ), ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÔÁËÖÅ ÁÄÒÅÓ ÐÒÏËÓÉ.</para>
 708
 709         <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ÚÎÁÅÔÅ ÏÔ×ÅÔÁ ÎÁ ÜÔÉ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÙ, ×ÁÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ
 710           ÌÕÞÛÅ ÐÏÇÏ×ÏÒÉÔØ Ó ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÏÍ
 711           <emphasis>ÐÅÒÅÄ</emphasis> ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÔÉÐÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.
 712           éÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍÙÈ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÏ× ÉÌÉ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ
 713           ÍÁÓË × ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÓÅÔÉ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÁ×ÅÒÎÑËÁ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ
 714           É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ×ÁÍ ÐÒÉÄÅÔÓÑ ×ÙÓÌÕÛÁÔØ ÌÅËÃÉÀ ÏÔ ÒÁÓÓÅÒÖÅÎÎÏÇÏ
 715           ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ÁÄÍÉÎÉÓÔÒÁÔÏÒÁ.</para>
 716
 717         <para>ëÁË ÔÏÌØËÏ ×Ù ÎÁÓÔÒÏÉÌÉ ËÁËÏÊ-ÌÉÂÏ ÔÉÐ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÇÏ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ,
 718           ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÅÎÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS ÉÌÉ FTP.</para>
 719       </sect4>
 720
 721       <sect4>
 722         <title>óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS</title>
 723
 724         <para>õÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS ÄÏ×ÏÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÓÔÁ: ÓËÏÐÉÒÕÊÔÅ
 725           ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os; ËÕÄÁ-ÌÉÂÏ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ É
 726           ÕËÁÖÉÔÅ ÎÁ ÎÉÈ ÐÒÉ ×ÙÂÏÒÅ NFS ÔÉÐÁ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ.</para>
 727
 728         <para>åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÅÒÅÚ
 729           <quote>ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÒÔÙ</quote> (ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÜÔÏ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÐÏ
 730           ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÞÉÈ ÓÔÁÎÃÉÊ Sun É Linux), ×ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ
 731           ÐÏÔÒÅÂÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
 732           ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ × ÍÅÎÀ Options ÐÅÒÅÄ
 733           ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ.</para>
 734
 735         <para>åÓÌÉ ×ÁÛÁ Ethernet ËÁÒÔÁ ÐÌÏÈÏÇÏ ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Á É ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ
 736           ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÏÞÅÎØ ÎÉÚËÁ, ×Ù ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÈÏÔÉÔÅ
 737           ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÆÌÁÇ × Options.</para>
 738
 739         <para>äÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ NFS, ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ
 740           <quote>subdir mounts</quote>, Ô.Å. ÅÓÌÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ ×ÁÛÅÇÏ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á
 741           &os; ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ×
 742           <filename>wiggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename>,
 743           <hostid role="hostname">wiggy</hostid> ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÔØ
 744           ÎÅÐÏÓÒÅÄÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÅ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
 745           <filename>/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename>,
 746           Á ÎÅ ÔÏÌØËÏ <filename>/usr</filename> ÉÌÉ
 747           <filename>/usr/archive/stuff</filename>.</para>
 748
 749         <para>÷ ÆÁÊÌÅ &os; <filename>/etc/exports</filename> ÜÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ
 750           ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ <option>-alldirs</option>.  äÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ
 751           NFS ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÍÅÔØ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÏÇÌÁÛÅÎÉÑ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ
 752           ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ <literal>Permission Denied</literal>, ÓËÏÒÅÅ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÜÔÁ
 753           ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ.</para>
 754       </sect4>
 755
 756       <sect4>
 757         <title>óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÐÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP</title>
 758
 759         <para>FTP ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÁ Ó ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÚÅÒËÁÌÉÒÕÀÝÅÇÏ
 760           ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÇÏ Ó×ÅÖÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ &os;.  ðÏÌÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË,
 761           ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ×ÙÂÒÁÔØ ÚÅÒËÁÌÏ ÐÏÞÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÌÀÂÏÇÏ ÒÅÇÉÏÎÁ ÍÉÒÁ,
 762           ÐÏÑ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÅÒÅÚ FTP.</para>
 763
 764         <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó FTP ÓÁÊÔÁ, ÎÅ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÅÇÏ × ÜÔÏÔ
 765           ÓÐÉÓÏË, ÉÌÉ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ Ó ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÏÊ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÉÍÅÎ,
 766           ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ ÚÁÄÁÔØ ÓÏÂÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ URL ÐÕÔÅÍ ×ÙÂÏÒÁ
 767           <quote>URL</quote> × ÜÔÏÍ ÍÅÎÀ.  URL ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÈÏÓÔÁ
 768           ÉÌÉ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÔÁË ÞÔÏ ÐÒÉ ÏÔÓÕÔÓÔ×ÉÉ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ ÉÍÅÎ ÐÏÄÏÊÄÅÔ URL
 769           ×ÒÏÄÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ:</para>
 770
 771         <screen>ftp://216.66.64.162/pub/FreeBSD/releases/&arch;/4.2-RELEASE</screen>
 772
 773         <para>óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÔÒÉ ÔÉÐÁ FTP ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ
 774           ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ:
 775           <itemizedlist>
 776             <listitem>
 777               <para>FTP:  üÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ
 778                 <quote>ÁËÔÉ×ÎÙÊ</quote> ÒÅÖÉÍ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, × ËÏÔÏÒÏÍ
 779                 ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ Ó ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ.  üÔÏÔ ÍÅÔÏÄ ÎÅ
 780                 ÂÕÄÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÏ×, ÎÏ ÚÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ
 781                 ÌÕÞÛÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÓÏ ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ
 782                 ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÙÊ ÒÅÖÉÍ.  åÓÌÉ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÙ×ÁÅÔÓÑ
 783                 × ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÏÍ ÒÅÖÉÍÅ, ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ ÜÔÏÔ ÒÅÖÉÍ.</para>
 784             </listitem>
 785             <listitem>
 786               <para>FTP Passive:  õÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔ <quote>ÐÁÓÓÉ×ÎÙÊ</quote>
 787                 ÒÅÖÉÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ
 788                 Ó ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ.  üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÏÔÌÉÞÎÏ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ,
 789                 ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÉÍÓÑ ÚÁ ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÀÔ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ
 790                 ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ÐÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÍ ÁÄÒÅÓÁÍ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.</para>
 791             </listitem>
 792             <listitem>
 793               <para>FTP ÞÅÒÅÚ HTTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ: üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ &os;
 794                 ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ HTTP ÄÌÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÒÏËÓÉ ×ÓÅÈ FTP
 795                 ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÊ.  ðÒÏËÓÉ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÔÒÁÎÓÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÙ É ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØ
 796                 ÉÈ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ FTP.  üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÐÒÏÈÏÄÉÔØ ÞÅÒÅÚ
 797                 ÂÒÁÎÄÍÁÕÜÒÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÏÏÂÝÅ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÁÀÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ FTP,
 798                 ÎÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔ HTTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ.  ÷Ù ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ ÉÍÑ ÈÏÓÔÁ
 799                 ÐÒÏËÓÉ × ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë FTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ.</para>
 800
 801               <para>÷ ÒÅÄËÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ, ËÏÇÄÁ FTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÞÅÒÅÚ
 802                 HTTP, ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ URL ÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÏ ÔÁË:</para>
 803
 804               <screen><userinput>ftp://foo.bar.com:<replaceable>port</replaceable>/pub/FreeBSD</userinput></screen>
 805
 806               <para>÷ URL ×ÙÛÅ, <replaceable>port</replaceable>
 807                 ÜÔÏ ÎÏÍÅÒ ÐÏÒÔÁ FTP ÐÒÏËÓÉ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ.</para>
 808             </listitem>
 809           </itemizedlist>
 810         </para>
 811
 812       </sect4>
 813     </sect3>
 814     <sect3 arch="i386,alpha,amd64">
 815       <title>óÏ×ÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ</title>
 816
 817       <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÐÒÅÄÐÏÞÉÔÁÅÔÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÔØ &os; ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒ,
 818         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÊ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÒÔ (Ô.Å. ÎÅ ÉÍÅÀÝÉÊ
 819         VGA ËÁÒÔÙ), ÓÌÅÄÕÊÔÅ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ:</para>
 820
 821       <procedure>
 822         <step>
 823           <para>ðÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ÌÀÂÏÊ ANSI (vt100) ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÊ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌ ÉÌÉ
 824             ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ ÜÍÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ Ë <devicename>COM1</devicename>
 825             ÐÏÒÔÕ PC, ÎÁ ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ×Ù ÕÓÔÁÎÁ×ÌÉ×ÁÅÔÅ &os;.</para>
 826         </step>
 827         <step>
 828           <para>ïÔËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ (ÄÁ, ÜÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏ!) É ÐÏÐÒÏÂÕÊÔÅ
 829             ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔÙ ÉÌÉ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ CDROM, × ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÓÔÉ
 830             ÏÔ ÔÉÐÁ ÉÍÅÀÝÅÇÏÓÑ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÎÏÇÏ ÎÏÓÉÔÅÌÑ, Ó ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ
 831             ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÏÊ.</para>
 832         </step>
 833         <step>
 834           <para>åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÎÅ ×ÉÄÉÔÅ ÎÉÞÅÇÏ ÎÁ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ,
 835             ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÉÔÅ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ ÏÐÑÔØ.
 836             åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÅÓØ Ó CDROM, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔÅ <xref
 837             linkend="hitspace"/> ÐÏÓÌÅ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÏ×.</para>
 838         </step>
 839         <step>
 840           <para>ðÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ Ó ÄÉÓËÅÔ, ÐÏÓÌÅ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ
 841             ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÄÉÓË <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ
 842             <keycap>Enter</keycap>.  ðÏÓÌÅ ÏÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ Ó ÄÉÓËÁ
 843             ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÊ ÄÉÓË <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ
 844             <keycap>Enter</keycap>, É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÄÉÓËÏ×
 845             <filename>kern<replaceable>X</replaceable>.flp</filename>.  ëÏÇÄÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÉÔÓÑ,
 846             ×ÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÏÐÑÔØ <filename>boot.flp</filename> É ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ
 847             <keycap>Enter</keycap>.</para>
 848         </step>
 849         <step id="hitspace">
 850           <para>ðÏÓÌÅ Ú×ÕËÏ×ÏÇÏ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ ÎÁÖÍÉÔÅ ÃÉÆÒÕ <keycap>6</keycap>,
 851             ÚÁÔÅÍ ××ÅÄÉÔÅ</para>
 852
 853           <screen><userinput>boot -h</userinput></screen>
 854
 855           <para>É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ × ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ
 856             ÐÏÒÔ.  åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒØÔÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ
 857             ËÁÂÅÌØ É ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÜÍÕÌÑÃÉÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÁ ÉÌÉ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ
 858             ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á.  ïÎÉ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÎÁ 9600 ËÂÉÔ, 8 ÂÉÔ, ÂÅÚ
 859             ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ ÞÅÔÎÏÓÔÉ.</para>
 860         </step>
 861       </procedure>
 862     </sect3>
 863   </sect2>
 864
 865   <sect2>
 866     <title>÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ É ÏÔ×ÅÔÙ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ &arch.print;</title>
 867
 868     <qandaset arch="i386,amd64">
 869       <qandaentry>
 870         <question>
 871           <para>ðÏÍÏÇÉÔÅ!  õ ÍÅÎÑ ÎÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ!  îÕÖÎÏ ÌÉ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ×ÓÅ
 872             ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ?</para>
 873         </question>
 874         <answer>
 875           <para>åÓÌÉ ÎÁ ×ÁÛÅÍ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ ÕÖÅ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ DOS É ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
 876             &os; ÎÅÔ ÉÌÉ ÎÅÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÍÅÓÔÁ, ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ×ÓÅ ÐÏÔÅÒÑÎÏ!
 877             ÷ÁÍ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÍÏÞØ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ <application>FIPS</application>,
 878             ÎÁÈÏÄÑÝÁÑÓÑ × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>tools/</filename> &os; CDROM
 879             ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ftp ÓÁÊÔÁÈ &os;.</para>
 880
 881           <para><application>FIPS</application> ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ×ÁÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔØ
 882             ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÓÔ×Ï DOS ÎÁ Ä×Å ÞÁÓÔÉ, ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÑ
 883             ÉÍÅÀÝÉÅÓÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ É ÄÅÌÁÑ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÊ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ ÎÁ ×ÔÏÒÕÀ
 884             Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÕÀ ÞÁÓÔØ.  óÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÄÅÆÒÁÇÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÀ
 885             ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÕ <filename>DEFRAG</filename>
 886             ÉÚ DOS 6.xx ÉÌÉ <application>Norton Disk Tools</application>,
 887             ÚÁÔÅÍ ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉÔÅ FIPS.  ïÎ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÉÔ ×ÓÀ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÕÀ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ.
 888             úÁÔÅÍ ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÅÒÅÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ É ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔØ &os; × ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ.
 889             õÞÔÉÔÅ ÔÁËÖÅ, ÞÔÏ FIPS ÓÏÚÄÁÓÔ ×ÔÏÒÏÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ ËÁË
 890             <quote>ËÌÏÎ</quote> ÐÅÒ×ÏÇÏ, ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔÓÑ Ä×Á ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁ DOS.
 891             îÅ ×ÏÌÎÕÊÔÅÓØ!  ÷Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÐÒÏÓÔÏ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ ×ÔÏÒÏÊ ÐÅÒ×ÉÞÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ
 892             DOS (ÕÂÅÄÉ×ÛÉÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÉÍÅÎÎÏ ÔÏÔ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ, ÐÒÏ×ÅÒÉ× ÅÇÏ
 893             ÒÁÚÍÅÒ).</para>
 894
 895           <para><application>FIPS</application> × ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ
 896             îå ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÍÉ NTFS.  äÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ Ó ÔÁËÉÍÉ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÍÉ
 897             ×ÁÍ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÊ ÐÒÏÄÕËÔ, ÔÁËÏÊ ËÁË
 898             <application>Partition Magic</application>.
 899             üÔÏ ÓÔÁÎÏ×ÉÔÓÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÏÊ ÔÏÌØËÏ × ÔÏÍ ÓÌÕÞÁÅ, ÅÓÌÉ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ
 900             Windows ÚÁÎÉÍÁÅÔ ×ÅÓØ ÄÉÓË É ×Ù ÎÅ ÈÏÔÉÔÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ
 901             Ó ÎÕÌÑ.</para>
 902
 903           <para><application>FIPS</application> ÎÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ Ó ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÍÉ
 904             ÒÁÚÄÅÌÁÍÉ DOS.  ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ Windows
 905             95/98/ME FAT32.</para>
 906         </answer>
 907       </qandaentry>
 908
 909       <qandaentry>
 910         <question>
 911           <para>íÏÇÕ Ñ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÖÁÔÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ DOS ÉÚ
 912           &os;?</para>
 913         </question>
 914
 915         <answer>
 916           <para>îÅÔ.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÅ ÔÁËÕÀ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÕ ËÁË
 917             <application>Stacker</application>(tm) ÉÌÉ
 918             <application>DoubleSpace</application>(tm), &os; ÓÍÏÖÅÔ
 919             ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÕ ÞÁÓÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÕÀ
 920             ×Ù ÏÓÔÁ×ÉÌÉ ÎÅÓÖÁÔÏÊ.  ïÓÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÞÁÓÔØ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÂÕÄÅÔ
 921             ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÁ × ×ÉÄÅ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÂÏÌØÛÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ (ÆÁÊÌ
 922             stacked/dblspaced!).  <emphasis>îÅ ÕÄÁÌÑÊÔÅ ÜÔÏÔ
 923             ÆÁÊÌ</emphasis>!</para>
 924
 925           <para>÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÄÒÕÇÏÊ ÎÅÓÖÁÔÙÊ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÊ DOS ÒÁÚÄÅÌ
 926             É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÅÇÏ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÍÅÖÄÕ DOS É &os;, ÅÓÌÉ
 927             ÜÔÏ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ.</para>
 928         </answer>
 929       </qandaentry>
 930
 931       <qandaentry>
 932         <question>
 933           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ DOS?</para>
 934         </question>
 935
 936         <answer>
 937           <para>äÁ.  òÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ DOS ÉÍÅÎÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ
 938             <quote>ÓÌÁÊÓÏ×</quote> &os;, Ô.Å. <devicename>D:</devicename>
 939             ÍÏÖÅÔ ÓÔÁÔØ <filename>/dev/da0s5</filename>,
 940             <devicename>E:</devicename> &mdash; <filename>/dev/da0s6</filename>
 941             É Ô.Ä.  ÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÊ ÒÁÚÄÅÌ
 942             ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ SCSI 0.  äÌÑ ÄÉÓËÏ× IDE ÚÁÍÅÎÉÔÅ
 943             <literal>da</literal> ÎÁ <literal>ad</literal> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ.
 944             éÎÙÍÉ ÓÌÏ×ÁÍÉ, ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ÔÁË ÖÅ, ËÁË É
 945             ÌÀÂÙÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ DOS ÄÉÓËÉ, Ô.Å.:</para>
 946
 947           <screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t msdosfs /dev/da0s5 /dos_d</userinput></screen>
 948         </answer>
 949       </qandaentry>
 950
 951       <qandaentry>
 952         <question>
 953           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ DOS × &os;?</para>
 954         </question>
 955
 956         <answer>
 957           <para>èÏÔÑ ÅÝÅ ÉÍÅÀÔÓÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÓÔÒÙÅ ÕÇÌÙ, ×Ï ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÓÌÕÞÁÑÈ
 958             ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÄÏÊÔÉ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.doscmd.1;, ÒÁÂÏÔÁ ÎÁÄ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ
 959             ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÅÔÓÑ.  ðÏÒÔ/ÐÁËÅÔ <filename
 960             role="package">emulators/doscmd</filename> ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ×
 961             ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os;.  åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÚÁÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÏ×ÁÎÙ × ÒÁÂÏÔÅ ÎÁÄ
 962             ÜÔÏÊ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÏÊ,
 963             ÏÔÐÒÁ×ØÔÅ ÐÉÓØÍÏ × &a.emulation; É ÕËÁÖÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ×Ù
 964             ÚÁÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÏ×ÁÎÙ × ÜÔÏÊ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÀÝÅÊÓÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÅ!</para>
 965
 966           <para>ðÏÒÔ/ÐÁËÅÔ <filename role="package">emulators/pcemu</filename>
 967             × ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os; ÜÍÕÌÉÒÕÅÔ 8088 É BIOS ÓÅÒ×ÉÓÙ ÄÌÑ
 968             ÚÁÐÕÓËÁ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×ÙÈ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ DOS.  äÌÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÅÍÕ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ
 969             X Window System (XFree86).</para>
 970         </answer>
 971       </qandaentry>
 972
 973       <qandaentry>
 974         <question>
 975           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ × &os; ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ
 976             &microsoft.windows;?</para>
 977         </question>
 978
 979         <answer>
 980           <para>óÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ× × ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ×
 981             &os;, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ
 982             ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÊ &windows;.  ðÏÒÔ/ÐÁËÅÔ <filename
 983             role="package">emulators/wine</filename> ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÕÒÏ×ÅÎØ
 984             ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÎÁÄ &os;, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÍÎÏÇÉÍ
 985             &windows; ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑÍ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ × X Windows (XFree86).</para>
 986         </answer>
 987       </qandaentry>
 988
 989       <qandaentry>
 990         <question>
 991           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ × &os; ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ?</para>
 992         </question>
 993
 994         <answer>
 995           <para>÷ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
 996             ÉÍÉÔÉÒÕÀÔ <quote>×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ</quote> É ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÔ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ
 997             ÏÐÅÒÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÍ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÐÏ×ÅÒÈ &os;.  ðÏÒÔ/ÐÁËÅÔ
 998             <filename role="package">emulators/bochs</filename> ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
 999             &microsoft.windows;, Linux É ÄÁÖÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÍ ËÏÐÉÑÍ &os; ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ
1000             ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ÏËÎÁ ÒÁÂÏÞÅÇÏ ÓÔÏÌÁ &os;.  ðÏÒÔÙ/ÐÁËÅÔÙ <filename
1001             role="package">emulators/vmware2</filename> É <filename
1002             role="package">emulators/vmware3</filename> ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÔ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÔØ
1003             × &os; ËÏÍÍÅÒÞÅÓËÉÅ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÍÁÛÉÎÙ VMware.</para>
1004         </answer>
1005       </qandaentry>
1006     </qandaset>
1007
1008     <qandaset arch="alpha">
1009       <qandaentry>
1010         <question>
1011           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØÓÑ Ó ARC ÉÌÉ Alpha BIOS ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ?</para>
1012         </question>
1013
1014         <answer>
1015           <para>îÅÔ.  &os;, ÔÁË ÖÅ ËÁË Compaq Tru64 É VMS, ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÔÓÑ
1016             ÔÏÌØËÏ Ó SRM ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.</para>
1017         </answer>
1018       </qandaentry>
1019
1020       <qandaentry>
1021         <question>
1022           <para>ðÏÍÏÇÉÔÅ!!  õ ÍÅÎÑ ÎÅÔ ÍÅÓÔÁ!  äÏÌÖÅÎ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ
1023             ×ÓÅ ÕÄÁÌÉÔØ??</para>
1024         </question>
1025
1026         <answer>
1027           <para>ë ÓÏÖÁÌÅÎÉÀ, ÄÁ.</para>
1028         </answer>
1029       </qandaentry>
1030
1031       <qandaentry>
1032         <question>
1033           <para>íÏÇÕ ÌÉ Ñ ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÅ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ Compaq Tru64 ÉÌÉ
1034             VMS?</para>
1035         </question>
1036
1037         <answer>
1038           <para>÷ ÄÁÎÎÏÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÎÅÔ.</para>
1039         </answer>
1040       </qandaentry>
1041
1042       <qandaentry>
1043         <question>
1044           <para>þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Compaq Tru64
1045             (OSF/1)?</para>
1046         </question>
1047
1048         <answer>
1049           <para>&os; ÏÞÅÎØ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÅÔ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ Tru64 Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
1050             ÐÁËÅÔÁ/ÐÏÒÔÁ <filename
1051             role="package">emulators/osf1_base</filename>.</para>
1052         </answer>
1053       </qandaentry>
1054
1055       <qandaentry>
1056         <question>
1057           <para>þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÉÓÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× Linux?</para>
1058         </question>
1059
1060         <answer>
1061           <para>&os; ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ AlphaLinux Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
1062             ÐÏÒÔÁ/ÐÁËÅÔÁ <filename
1063             role="package">emulators/linux_base</filename>.</para>
1064         </answer>
1065       </qandaentry>
1066
1067       <qandaentry>
1068         <question>
1069           <para>þÔÏ ÎÁÓÞÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× NT Alpha?</para>
1070         </question>
1071
1072         <answer>
1073           <para>&os; ÎÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ NT, ÈÏÔÑ É ÍÏÖÅÔ
1074             ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÙ NT.</para>
1075         </answer>
1076       </qandaentry>
1077     </qandaset>
1078   </sect2>
1079 </sect1>