sbin/fsck_ffs/setup.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  15  *    without specific prior written permission.
  16  *
  17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  28  */
  29
  30 #if 0
  31 #ifndef lint
  32 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c       8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95";
  33 #endif /* not lint */
  34 #endif
  35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  37
  38 #include <sys/param.h>
  39 #include <sys/stat.h>
  40 #define FSTYPENAMES
  41 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
  42 #include <sys/file.h>
  43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  44
  45 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
  46 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
  47
  48 #include <ctype.h>
  49 #include <err.h>
  50 #include <errno.h>
  51 #include <limits.h>
  52 #include <stdint.h>
  53 #include <string.h>
  54
  55 #include "fsck.h"
  56
  57 struct bufarea asblk;
  58 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs)
  59 #define POWEROF2(num)   (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0)
  60
  61 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs);
  62 static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd);
  63 static int chkrecovery(int devfd);
  64
  65 /*
  66  * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary.
  67  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system
  68  * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only).
  69  */
  70 int
  71 setup(char *dev)
  72 {
  73         long cg, asked, i, j;
  74         long bmapsize;
  75         struct stat statb;
  76         struct fs proto;
  77         size_t size;
  78
  79         havesb = 0;
  80         fswritefd = -1;
  81         cursnapshot = 0;
  82         if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) {
  83                 printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
  84                 if (bkgrdflag) {
  85                         unlink(snapname);
  86                         bkgrdflag = 0;
  87                 }
  88                 return (0);
  89         }
  90         if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR &&
  91             (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) {
  92                 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
  93                         unlink(snapname);
  94                         printf("background fsck lacks a snapshot\n");
  95                         exit(EEXIT);
  96                 }
  97                 if ((statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && cvtlevel == 0) {
  98                         cursnapshot = statb.st_ino;
  99                 } else {
 100                         if (cvtlevel == 0 ||
 101                             (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
 102                                 if (preen && bkgrdflag) {
 103                                         unlink(snapname);
 104                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 105                                 }
 106                                 pfatal("%s is not a disk device", dev);
 107                                 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
 108                                         if (bkgrdflag) {
 109                                                 unlink(snapname);
 110                                                 bkgrdflag = 0;
 111                                         }
 112                                         return (0);
 113                                 }
 114                         } else {
 115                                 if (bkgrdflag) {
 116                                         unlink(snapname);
 117                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 118                                 }
 119                                 pfatal("cannot convert a snapshot");
 120                                 exit(EEXIT);
 121                         }
 122                 }
 123         }
 124         if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
 125                 if (bkgrdflag) {
 126                         unlink(snapname);
 127                         bkgrdflag = 0;
 128                 }
 129                 printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
 130                 return (0);
 131         }
 132         if (bkgrdflag) {
 133                 unlink(snapname);
 134                 size = MIBSIZE;
 135                 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0||
 136                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjblkcnt", adjblkcnt, &size) < 0||
 137                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freefiles", freefiles, &size) < 0||
 138                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freedirs", freedirs, &size) < 0 ||
 139                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freeblks", freeblks, &size) < 0) {
 140                         pfatal("kernel lacks background fsck support\n");
 141                         exit(EEXIT);
 142                 }
 143                 /*
 144                  * When kernel is lack of runtime bgfsck superblock summary
 145                  * adjustment functionality, it does not mean we can not
 146                  * continue, as old kernels will recompute the summary at
 147                  * mount time.  However, it will be an unexpected softupdates
 148                  * inconsistency if it turns out that the summary is still
 149                  * incorrect.  Set a flag so subsequent operation can know
 150                  * this.
 151                  */
 152                 bkgrdsumadj = 1;
 153                 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjndir", adjndir, &size) < 0 ||
 154                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnbfree", adjnbfree, &size) < 0 ||
 155                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnifree", adjnifree, &size) < 0 ||
 156                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnffree", adjnffree, &size) < 0 ||
 157                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnumclusters", adjnumclusters, &size) < 0) {
 158                         bkgrdsumadj = 0;
 159                         pwarn("kernel lacks runtime superblock summary adjustment support");
 160                 }
 161                 cmd.version = FFS_CMD_VERSION;
 162                 cmd.handle = fsreadfd;
 163                 fswritefd = -1;
 164         }
 165         if (preen == 0)
 166                 printf("** %s", dev);
 167         if (bkgrdflag == 0 &&
 168             (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) {
 169                 fswritefd = -1;
 170                 if (preen)
 171                         pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS");
 172                 printf(" (NO WRITE)");
 173         }
 174         if (preen == 0)
 175                 printf("\n");
 176         /*
 177          * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary
 178          */
 179         if (readsb(1) == 0) {
 180                 skipclean = 0;
 181                 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0)
 182                         return(0);
 183                 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0)
 184                         return (0);
 185                 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) {
 186                         bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg));
 187                         if (readsb(0) != 0)
 188                                 break;
 189                 }
 190                 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) {
 191                         printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n",
 192                                 "SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK",
 193                                 "FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE",
 194                                 "-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY THE",
 195                                 "LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE",
 196                                 "SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED",
 197                                 "INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).");
 198                         bflag = 0;
 199                         return(0);
 200                 }
 201                 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag);
 202                 bflag = 0;
 203         }
 204         if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) {
 205                 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n");
 206                 return (-1);
 207         }
 208         maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size;
 209         maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg;
 210         /*
 211          * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block.
 212          */
 213         if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) {
 214                 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK");
 215                 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
 216                         sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME;
 217                         sbdirty();
 218                 }
 219         }
 220         if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) {
 221                 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
 222                         sblock.fs_minfree);
 223                 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
 224                         sblock.fs_minfree = 10;
 225                         sbdirty();
 226                 }
 227         }
 228         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 229             sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
 230                 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n");
 231                 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n");
 232                 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n");
 233                 exit(EEXIT);
 234         }
 235         if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) {
 236                 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize);
 237                 flush(fswritefd, &asblk);
 238         }
 239         if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 240             fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 &&
 241             reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0)
 242                 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd);
 243         /*
 244          * read in the summary info.
 245          */
 246         asked = 0;
 247         sblock.fs_csp = Calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize);
 248         if (sblock.fs_csp == NULL) {
 249                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for cg summary info\n",
 250                     (unsigned)sblock.fs_cssize);
 251                 goto badsb;
 252         }
 253         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) {
 254                 size = sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ?
 255                     sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize;
 256                 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
 257                 if (blread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i,
 258                     fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag),
 259                     size) != 0 && !asked) {
 260                         pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION");
 261                         if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
 262                                 ckfini(0);
 263                                 exit(EEXIT);
 264                         }
 265                         asked++;
 266                 }
 267         }
 268         /*
 269          * allocate and initialize the necessary maps
 270          */
 271         bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short));
 272         blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char));
 273         if (blockmap == NULL) {
 274                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n",
 275                     (unsigned)bmapsize);
 276                 goto badsb;
 277         }
 278         inostathead = Calloc((unsigned)(sblock.fs_ncg),
 279             sizeof(struct inostatlist));
 280         if (inostathead == NULL) {
 281                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n",
 282                     (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg)));
 283                 goto badsb;
 284         }
 285         numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128);
 286         dirhash = numdirs;
 287         inplast = 0;
 288         listmax = numdirs + 10;
 289         inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)listmax,
 290             sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
 291         inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)numdirs,
 292             sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
 293         if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) {
 294                 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n",
 295                     (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
 296                 goto badsb;
 297         }
 298         bufinit();
 299         if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP)
 300                 usedsoftdep = 1;
 301         else
 302                 usedsoftdep = 0;
 303         return (1);
 304
 305 badsb:
 306         ckfini(0);
 307         return (0);
 308 }
 309
 310 /*
 311  * Possible superblock locations ordered from most to least likely.
 312  */
 313 static int sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
 314
 315 #define BAD_MAGIC_MSG \
 316 "The previous newfs operation on this volume did not complete.\n" \
 317 "You must complete newfs before mounting this volume.\n"
 318
 319 /*
 320  * Read in the super block and its summary info.
 321  */
 322 int
 323 readsb(int listerr)
 324 {
 325         ufs2_daddr_t super;
 326         int i, bad;
 327
 328         if (bflag) {
 329                 super = bflag;
 330                 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
 331                 if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super, (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
 332                         return (0);
 333                 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
 334                         fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
 335                         exit(11);
 336                 }
 337                 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 338                     sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
 339                         fprintf(stderr, "%jd is not a file system superblock\n",
 340                             bflag);
 341                         return (0);
 342                 }
 343         } else {
 344                 for (i = 0; sblock_try[i] != -1; i++) {
 345                         super = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
 346                         readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
 347                         if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super,
 348                             (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
 349                                 return (0);
 350                         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
 351                                 fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
 352                                 exit(11);
 353                         }
 354                         if ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ||
 355                              (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
 356                               sblock.fs_sblockloc == sblock_try[i])) &&
 357                             sblock.fs_ncg >= 1 &&
 358                             sblock.fs_bsize >= MINBSIZE &&
 359                             sblock.fs_sbsize >= roundup(sizeof(struct fs), dev_bsize))
 360                                 break;
 361                 }
 362                 if (sblock_try[i] == -1) {
 363                         fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find file system superblock\n");
 364                         return (0);
 365                 }
 366         }
 367         /*
 368          * Compute block size that the file system is based on,
 369          * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number
 370          * so we can tell if this is an alternate later.
 371          */
 372         super *= dev_bsize;
 373         dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1);
 374         sblk.b_bno = super / dev_bsize;
 375         sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE;
 376         /*
 377          * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block.
 378          * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped.
 379          */
 380         if (bflag)
 381                 goto out;
 382         getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize);
 383         if (asblk.b_errs)
 384                 return (0);
 385         bad = 0;
 386 #define CHK(x, y)                               \
 387         if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) {          \
 388                 bad++;                          \
 389                 if (listerr && debug)           \
 390                         printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \
 391                             #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \
 392         }
 393         CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd");
 394         CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd");
 395         CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd");
 396         CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd");
 397         CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd");
 398         CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd");
 399         CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd");
 400         CHK(fs_frag, "%jd");
 401         CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx");
 402         CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx");
 403         CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd");
 404         CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd");
 405         CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd");
 406         CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd");
 407         CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd");
 408         CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd");
 409         CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd");
 410         CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd");
 411         CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd");
 412         CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd");
 413         CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx");
 414 #undef CHK
 415         if (bad) {
 416                 if (listerr == 0)
 417                         return (0);
 418                 if (preen)
 419                         printf("%s: ", cdevname);
 420                 printf(
 421                     "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n"
 422                     "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n",
 423                     sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno);
 424                 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0)
 425                         return (0);
 426         }
 427 out:
 428         /*
 429          * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields.
 430          */
 431         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
 432             sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) {
 433                 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize;
 434                 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time;
 435                 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size;
 436                 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize;
 437                 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr;
 438                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir;
 439                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
 440                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree;
 441                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree;
 442         }
 443         havesb = 1;
 444         return (1);
 445 }
 446
 447 void
 448 sblock_init(void)
 449 {
 450
 451         fswritefd = -1;
 452         fsmodified = 0;
 453         lfdir = 0;
 454         initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK);
 455         initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK);
 456         sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
 457         asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
 458         if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL)
 459                 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock");
 460         dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
 461 }
 462
 463 /*
 464  * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area.
 465  * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field
 466  * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that
 467  * their needed information is available!
 468  */
 469 static int
 470 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs)
 471 {
 472         struct fsrecovery fsr;
 473
 474         /*
 475          * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size.
 476          *
 477          * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area
 478          * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been
 479          * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are
 480          * there and we can use them.
 481          */
 482         if (blread(devfd, (char *)&fsr,
 483             (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr)) ||
 484             fsr.fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC)
 485                 return (0);
 486         memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs));
 487         fs->fs_fpg = fsr.fsr_fpg;
 488         fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr.fsr_fsbtodb;
 489         fs->fs_sblkno = fsr.fsr_sblkno;
 490         fs->fs_magic = fsr.fsr_magic;
 491         fs->fs_ncg = fsr.fsr_ncg;
 492         return (1);
 493 }
 494
 495 /*
 496  * Check to see if recovery information exists.
 497  */
 498 static int
 499 chkrecovery(int devfd)
 500 {
 501         struct fsrecovery fsr;
 502
 503         if (blread(devfd, (char *)&fsr,
 504             (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr)) ||
 505             fsr.fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC)
 506                 return (0);
 507         return (1);
 508 }
 509
 510 /*
 511  * Read the last sector of the boot block, replace the last
 512  * 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back.
 513  * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems.
 514  */
 515 static void
 516 saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd)
 517 {
 518         struct fsrecovery fsr;
 519
 520         if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC ||
 521             blread(readfd, (char *)&fsr,
 522             (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr)))
 523                 return;
 524         fsr.fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic;
 525         fsr.fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg;
 526         fsr.fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb;
 527         fsr.fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno;
 528         fsr.fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg;
 529         blwrite(writefd, (char *)&fsr, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize,
 530             sizeof(fsr));
 531 }