1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
20 equivalent of `status' command.
21 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
22 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
23 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
26 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
29 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged. Please refer to
30 zpool-features(7) for more information.
32 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
33 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
36 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 8-STABLE.
37 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
38 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
39 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
40 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
41 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
42 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
43 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
44 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
47 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
48 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
49 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
50 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
52 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
53 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
57 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
58 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
59 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
60 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
61 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
65 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
66 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
67 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
73 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
74 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
77 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
78 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
81 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
82 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
85 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
86 This version does not depend on a python library and the
87 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
88 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
89 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
92 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
93 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
94 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
95 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
96 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
98 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
99 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
105 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
106 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
107 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
108 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
111 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
112 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
113 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
114 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
115 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
116 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
117 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
120 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
121 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
122 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
123 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
124 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
130 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
131 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
132 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
133 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
134 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
135 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
136 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
137 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
141 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
142 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
143 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
144 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
145 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
147 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
148 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
149 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
151 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
154 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
155 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
156 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
157 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
160 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
161 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
162 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
163 be modified accordingly.
166 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
167 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
168 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
174 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
175 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
178 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
179 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
182 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
183 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
184 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
191 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
192 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
193 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
196 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
197 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
198 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
201 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
202 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
203 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
204 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
205 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
208 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
209 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
210 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
211 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
212 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
215 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
216 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
217 configurations may need to be adjusted.
220 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
221 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
222 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
223 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
226 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
227 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
228 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
229 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
232 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
233 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
234 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
238 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
239 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
240 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
243 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
244 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
245 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
246 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
247 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
248 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
249 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
250 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
251 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
253 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
254 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
255 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
256 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
257 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
260 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
261 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
262 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
263 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
264 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
267 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
268 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
272 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
276 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
277 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
278 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
281 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
282 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
285 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
286 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
290 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
291 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
293 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
296 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
300 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
304 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
306 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
309 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
310 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
311 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
312 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
313 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
314 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
317 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
318 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
321 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
323 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
326 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
327 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
328 data to /etc/localtime.
331 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
332 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
335 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
336 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
337 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
338 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
339 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
343 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
344 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
345 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
346 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
347 correctly checking networking state from userland.
348 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
351 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
352 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
353 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
354 follows the IPv4 implementation.
356 For kernel developers:
358 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
359 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
360 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
362 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
363 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
364 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
365 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
367 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
368 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
369 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
370 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
371 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
372 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
373 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
374 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
375 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
376 multicast membership on-link.
377 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
378 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
379 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
381 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
382 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
384 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
385 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
388 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
389 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
390 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
391 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
393 For application developers:
395 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
398 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
399 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
401 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
402 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
403 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
404 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
406 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
407 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
408 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
409 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
410 Multicast Source Filters'.
412 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
414 For systems administrators:
416 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
417 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
418 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
419 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
420 returned by getifaddrs(3).
422 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
423 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
425 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
426 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
427 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
428 recommended for optimal system performance.
430 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
431 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
432 back forwarded datagrams.
434 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
437 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
438 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
441 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
442 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
443 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
444 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
447 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
448 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
449 state will require a world rebuild.
450 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
453 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
454 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
455 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
458 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
459 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
460 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
461 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
463 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
466 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
467 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
468 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
469 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
470 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
471 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
472 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
473 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
476 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
477 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
478 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
481 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
482 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
483 introduces some changes:
485 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
486 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
487 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
489 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
490 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
491 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
492 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
494 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
495 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
496 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
499 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
502 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
503 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
507 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
508 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
509 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
510 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
511 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
514 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
515 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
516 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
517 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
521 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
522 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
523 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
524 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
527 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
528 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
531 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
532 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
534 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
535 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
536 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
538 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
539 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
540 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
541 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
542 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
543 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
544 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
545 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
547 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
548 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
549 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
550 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
551 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
552 to preserve the existing behaviour.
554 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
555 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
556 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
557 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
558 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
560 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
561 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
562 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
565 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
566 recompiled to reflect this.
567 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
570 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
571 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
572 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
573 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
574 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
575 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
578 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
579 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
580 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
581 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
582 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
583 raised to allow such segments to be created.
586 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
587 network device driver modules.
590 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
591 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
594 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
595 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
596 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
597 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
598 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
602 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
603 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
604 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
608 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
609 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
611 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
612 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
613 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
616 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
617 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
618 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
619 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
620 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
621 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
623 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
624 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
626 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
627 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
630 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
631 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
632 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
635 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
636 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
637 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
638 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
642 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
643 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
646 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
647 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
648 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
649 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
650 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
651 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
654 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
655 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
656 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
657 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
660 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
661 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
662 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
663 in next mpd5.3 release.
666 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
667 the base system (it was a port).
670 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
671 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
674 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
675 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
676 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
677 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
678 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
679 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
680 none of the L2 information.
683 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
684 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
686 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
688 to their kernel config files when specifying:
692 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
693 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
694 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
695 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
698 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
699 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
700 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
701 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
702 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
706 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
707 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
708 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
709 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
712 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
715 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
716 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
717 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
718 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
719 controller add the following to loader.conf:
725 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
726 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
730 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
731 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
732 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
733 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
734 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
735 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
736 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
739 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
740 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
741 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
742 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
743 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
746 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
752 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
754 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
755 cause compilation to fail.
758 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
761 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
763 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
764 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
765 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
766 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
767 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
768 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
769 accepting the RSA key.
771 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
772 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
775 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
776 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
777 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
781 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
782 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
783 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
785 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
786 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
787 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
788 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
789 use the new device names.
791 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
792 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
793 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
794 at the loader prompt:
796 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
797 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
798 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
799 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
803 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
807 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
808 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
809 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
810 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
813 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
814 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
817 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
818 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
819 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
820 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
821 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
824 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
825 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
826 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
827 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
829 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
832 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
833 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
834 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
835 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
837 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
838 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
839 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
842 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
843 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
844 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
845 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
846 other operation levels.
849 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
850 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
851 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
852 compatibility with any prior release:
854 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
855 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
856 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
859 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
860 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
861 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
862 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
863 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
867 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
868 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
869 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
870 with older hardware easier to do.
873 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
874 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
877 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
878 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
879 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
883 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
887 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
888 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
889 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
890 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
891 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
892 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
893 third-party software might fail to build after this change
894 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
895 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
896 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
897 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
898 case that a portable fix is impossible.
901 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
902 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
903 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
906 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
907 functionality is the default now.
910 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
911 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
912 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
913 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
914 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
916 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
917 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
918 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
921 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
922 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
923 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
924 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
925 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
926 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
927 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
928 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
929 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
930 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
934 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
935 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
937 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
938 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
939 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
945 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
946 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
949 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
950 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
951 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
952 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
953 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
956 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
957 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
958 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
959 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
963 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
964 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
965 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
968 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
969 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
970 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
973 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
974 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
975 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
976 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
977 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
980 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
981 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
982 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
983 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
984 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
985 will change after some settling time.
988 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
989 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
993 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
994 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
998 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
999 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
1000 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
1001 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
1004 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
1005 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
1006 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
1007 the IPv4 network stack.
1009 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
1010 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
1011 has now been removed.
1013 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
1014 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
1015 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
1016 updated to reflect this.
1018 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
1019 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
1023 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1024 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1025 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1026 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1027 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1028 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1029 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1030 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1031 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1032 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1036 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1037 function and starts providing an account management function.
1038 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1039 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1040 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1042 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1044 and change it according to this example:
1046 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1048 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1049 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1050 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1051 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1054 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1055 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1056 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1057 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1060 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1061 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1062 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1063 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1064 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1065 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1069 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1070 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1071 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1072 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1073 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1074 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1075 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1077 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1078 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1079 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1082 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1083 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1084 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1085 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1088 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1089 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1092 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1093 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1094 base operating system should be recompiled.
1097 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1098 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1099 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1100 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1101 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1104 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1105 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1106 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1107 deprecated in previous releases.
1108 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1109 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1112 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1113 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1114 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1115 sync. For more info:
1116 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1119 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1120 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1121 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1122 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1125 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1126 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1127 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1128 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1129 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1130 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1131 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1132 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1133 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1136 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1137 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1138 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1139 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1140 ip_mroute.ko module.
1143 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1144 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1145 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1147 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1148 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1149 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1152 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1153 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1154 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1155 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1156 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1160 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1161 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1162 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1163 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1164 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1167 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1168 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1169 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1170 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1173 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1174 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1175 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1176 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1180 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1181 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1182 with exceptions of followings:
1183 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1184 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1185 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1186 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1187 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1188 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1189 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1190 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1193 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1194 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1195 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1196 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1197 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1198 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1200 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1202 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1203 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1204 the array the same way you built it originally.
1207 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1208 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1209 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1210 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1211 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1212 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1213 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1216 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1217 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1218 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1219 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1220 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1223 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1224 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1225 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1226 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1227 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1230 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1231 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1232 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1233 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1234 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1235 added to 'struct proc'.
1238 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1241 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1242 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1243 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1244 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1245 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1248 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1251 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1252 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1253 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1256 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1259 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1260 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1261 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1264 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1265 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1266 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1267 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1268 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1271 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1272 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1273 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1274 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1277 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1278 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1282 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1283 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1284 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1285 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1286 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1289 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1290 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1291 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1292 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1293 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1294 `make installworld' with:
1296 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1298 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1299 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1300 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1301 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1304 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1305 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1306 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1307 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1311 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1312 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1313 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1314 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1315 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1316 implements the interface to support it.
1319 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1320 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1321 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1322 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1326 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1327 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1328 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1329 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1330 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1331 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1332 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1333 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1334 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1336 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1339 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1340 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1343 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1344 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1345 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1346 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1350 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1351 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1352 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1355 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1356 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1359 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1360 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1361 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1362 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1363 on your next install.
1364 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1365 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1366 to your /etc/make.conf.
1369 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1370 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1371 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1374 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1375 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1376 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1379 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1380 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1383 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1384 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1385 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1386 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1389 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1390 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1391 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1394 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1395 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1396 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1400 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1401 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1402 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1403 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1404 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1405 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1406 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1407 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1410 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1411 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1412 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1415 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1416 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1419 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1420 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1423 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1424 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1425 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1428 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1429 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1430 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1431 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1432 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1433 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1437 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1438 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1441 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1442 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1445 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1446 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1447 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1448 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1452 RELENG_6 branched here.
1455 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1456 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1457 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1458 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1459 removable_interfaces.
1462 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1463 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1464 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1465 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1466 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1467 affect existing configurations.
1470 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1471 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1472 updated to the new APIs.
1475 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1476 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1477 will not behave correctly.
1479 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1480 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1481 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1484 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1485 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1486 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1487 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1488 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1490 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1491 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1495 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1496 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1499 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1500 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1501 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1502 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1503 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1504 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1505 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1508 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1509 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1510 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1511 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1514 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1515 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1516 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1519 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1520 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1521 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1525 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1526 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1527 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1528 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1531 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1532 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1533 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1534 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1535 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1536 none at this point.)
1539 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1540 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1543 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1544 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1545 with the new kernel.
1548 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1549 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1550 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1553 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1554 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1555 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1556 if you have updated the kernel.
1558 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1559 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1560 mounting the new volume.
1563 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1564 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1565 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1566 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1569 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1570 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1573 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1574 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1575 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1576 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1577 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1578 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1581 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1582 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1583 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1584 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1585 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1588 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1589 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1590 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1591 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1592 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1593 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1594 and wlan_xauth as required.
1597 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1598 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1599 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1600 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1604 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1605 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1606 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1607 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1608 the module when a wep key is configured).
1611 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1612 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1613 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1616 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1617 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1620 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1621 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1622 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1623 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1624 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1625 their /etc/rc scripts.
1628 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1631 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1632 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1633 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1636 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1637 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1638 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1641 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1642 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1648 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1649 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1650 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1651 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1652 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1653 on the -current branch).
1655 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1656 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1657 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1658 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1659 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1660 page for more details.
1662 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1663 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1664 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1665 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1666 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1671 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1674 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1675 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1677 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1679 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1680 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1681 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1683 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1687 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1688 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1689 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1691 make kernel-toolchain
1692 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1693 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1695 To test a kernel once
1696 ---------------------
1697 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1698 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1699 debugging information) run
1700 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1701 nextboot -k testkernel
1703 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1704 --------------------------------------------------------------
1705 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1706 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1707 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1709 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1710 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1711 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1716 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1718 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1719 -----------------------------------------------------------
1720 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1721 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1723 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1725 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1727 <reboot in single user> [3]
1735 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1736 --------------------------------------------------
1737 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1738 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1739 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1742 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1745 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1746 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1747 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1748 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1749 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1750 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1751 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1752 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1753 <reboot into current>
1754 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1755 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1759 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1760 ----------------------------------------------
1761 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1763 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1765 <reboot in single user> [3]
1772 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1773 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1774 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1775 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1776 the UPDATING entries.
1778 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1779 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1780 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1781 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1782 much fewer pitfalls.
1784 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1785 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1788 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1793 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1794 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1795 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1797 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1798 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1799 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1800 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1801 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1802 for potential gotchas.
1804 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1805 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1806 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1807 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1808 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1809 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1811 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1812 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1813 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1815 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1816 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1817 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1818 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1819 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1821 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1822 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1824 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1825 cvs prune empty directories.
1827 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1828 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1829 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1831 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1832 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1833 warn if it is improperly defined.
1836 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1837 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1838 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1839 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1840 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1842 Copyright information:
1844 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1846 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1847 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1848 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1850 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1851 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1852 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1853 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1854 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1855 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1856 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1857 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1858 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1859 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1860 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1862 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1865 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of