1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
20 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
21 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
22 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
23 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
25 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
26 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
32 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
33 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
34 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
35 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
38 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
39 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
40 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
41 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
42 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
43 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
44 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
47 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
48 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
49 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
50 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
51 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
57 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
58 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
59 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
60 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
61 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
62 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
63 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
64 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
68 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
69 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
70 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
71 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
72 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
74 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
75 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
76 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
78 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
81 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
82 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
83 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
84 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
87 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
88 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
89 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
90 be modified accordingly.
93 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
94 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
95 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
101 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
102 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
105 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
106 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
109 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
110 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
111 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
118 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
119 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
120 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
123 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
124 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
125 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
128 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
129 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
130 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
131 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
132 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
135 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
136 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
137 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
138 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
139 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
142 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
143 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
144 configurations may need to be adjusted.
147 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
148 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
149 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
150 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
153 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
154 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
155 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
156 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
159 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
160 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
161 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
162 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
165 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
166 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
167 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
170 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
171 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
172 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
173 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
174 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
175 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
176 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
177 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
178 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
180 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
181 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
182 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
183 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
184 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
187 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
188 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
189 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
190 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
191 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
194 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
195 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
199 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
203 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
204 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
205 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
208 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
209 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
212 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
213 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
217 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
218 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
223 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
227 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
228 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
231 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
236 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
237 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
238 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
239 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
240 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
241 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
244 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
245 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
248 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
253 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
254 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
255 data to /etc/localtime.
258 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
259 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
262 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
263 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
264 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
265 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
266 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
270 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
271 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
272 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
273 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
274 correctly checking networking state from userland.
275 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
278 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
279 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
280 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
281 follows the IPv4 implementation.
283 For kernel developers:
285 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
286 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
287 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
289 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
290 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
291 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
292 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
294 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
295 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
296 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
297 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
298 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
299 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
300 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
301 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
302 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
303 multicast membership on-link.
304 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
305 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
306 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
308 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
309 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
311 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
312 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
315 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
316 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
317 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
318 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
320 For application developers:
322 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
325 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
326 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
328 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
329 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
330 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
331 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
333 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
334 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
335 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
336 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
337 Multicast Source Filters'.
339 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
341 For systems administrators:
343 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
344 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
345 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
346 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
347 returned by getifaddrs(3).
349 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
350 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
352 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
353 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
354 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
355 recommended for optimal system performance.
357 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
358 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
359 back forwarded datagrams.
361 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
364 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
365 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
368 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
369 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
370 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
371 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
374 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
375 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
376 state will require a world rebuild.
377 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
380 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
381 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
382 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
385 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
386 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
387 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
388 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
390 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
393 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
394 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
395 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
396 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
397 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
398 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
399 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
400 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
403 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
404 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
405 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
408 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
409 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
410 introduces some changes:
412 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
413 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
414 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
416 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
417 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
418 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
419 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
421 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
422 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
423 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
426 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
429 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
430 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
434 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
435 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
436 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
437 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
438 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
441 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
442 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
443 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
444 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
448 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
449 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
450 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
451 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
454 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
455 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
458 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
459 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
461 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
462 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
463 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
465 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
466 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
467 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
468 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
469 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
470 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
471 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
472 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
474 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
475 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
476 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
477 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
478 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
479 to preserve the existing behaviour.
481 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
482 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
483 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
484 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
485 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
487 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
488 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
489 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
492 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
493 recompiled to reflect this.
494 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
497 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
498 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
499 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
500 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
501 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
502 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
505 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
506 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
507 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
508 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
509 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
510 raised to allow such segments to be created.
513 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
514 network device driver modules.
517 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
518 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
521 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
522 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
523 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
524 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
525 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
529 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
530 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
531 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
535 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
536 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
538 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
539 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
540 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
543 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
544 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
545 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
546 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
547 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
548 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
550 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
551 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
553 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
554 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
557 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
558 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
559 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
562 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
563 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
564 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
565 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
569 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
570 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
573 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
574 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
575 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
576 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
577 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
578 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
581 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
582 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
583 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
584 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
587 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
588 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
589 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
590 in next mpd5.3 release.
593 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
594 the base system (it was a port).
597 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
598 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
601 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
602 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
603 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
604 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
605 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
606 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
607 none of the L2 information.
610 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
611 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
613 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
615 to their kernel config files when specifying:
619 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
620 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
621 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
622 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
625 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
626 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
627 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
628 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
629 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
633 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
634 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
635 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
636 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
639 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
642 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
643 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
644 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
645 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
646 controller add the following to loader.conf:
652 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
653 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
657 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
658 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
659 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
660 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
661 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
662 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
663 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
666 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
667 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
668 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
669 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
670 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
673 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
679 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
681 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
682 cause compilation to fail.
685 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
688 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
690 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
691 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
692 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
693 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
694 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
695 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
696 accepting the RSA key.
698 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
699 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
702 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
703 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
704 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
708 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
709 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
710 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
712 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
713 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
714 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
715 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
716 use the new device names.
718 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
719 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
720 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
721 at the loader prompt:
723 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
724 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
725 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
726 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
730 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
734 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
735 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
736 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
737 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
740 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
741 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
744 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
745 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
746 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
747 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
748 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
751 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
752 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
753 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
754 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
756 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
759 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
760 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
761 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
762 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
764 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
765 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
766 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
769 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
770 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
771 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
772 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
773 other operation levels.
776 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
777 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
778 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
779 compatibility with any prior release:
781 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
782 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
783 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
786 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
787 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
788 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
789 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
790 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
794 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
795 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
796 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
797 with older hardware easier to do.
800 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
801 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
804 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
805 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
806 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
810 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
814 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
815 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
816 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
817 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
818 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
819 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
820 third-party software might fail to build after this change
821 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
822 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
823 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
824 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
825 case that a portable fix is impossible.
828 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
829 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
830 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
833 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
834 functionality is the default now.
837 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
838 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
839 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
840 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
841 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
843 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
844 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
845 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
848 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
849 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
850 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
851 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
852 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
853 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
854 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
855 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
856 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
857 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
861 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
862 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
864 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
865 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
866 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
872 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
873 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
876 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
877 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
878 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
879 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
880 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
883 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
884 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
885 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
886 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
890 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
891 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
892 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
895 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
896 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
897 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
900 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
901 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
902 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
903 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
904 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
907 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
908 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
909 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
910 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
911 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
912 will change after some settling time.
915 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
916 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
920 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
921 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
925 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
926 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
927 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
928 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
931 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
932 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
933 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
934 the IPv4 network stack.
936 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
937 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
938 has now been removed.
940 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
941 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
942 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
943 updated to reflect this.
945 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
946 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
950 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
951 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
952 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
953 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
954 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
955 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
956 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
957 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
958 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
959 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
963 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
964 function and starts providing an account management function.
965 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
966 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
967 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
969 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
971 and change it according to this example:
973 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
975 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
976 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
977 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
978 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
981 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
982 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
983 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
984 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
987 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
988 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
989 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
990 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
991 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
992 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
996 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
997 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
998 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
999 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1000 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1001 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1002 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1004 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1005 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1006 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1009 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1010 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1011 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1012 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1015 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1016 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1019 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1020 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1021 base operating system should be recompiled.
1024 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1025 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1026 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1027 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1028 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1031 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1032 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1033 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1034 deprecated in previous releases.
1035 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1036 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1039 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1040 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1041 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1042 sync. For more info:
1043 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1046 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1047 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1048 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1049 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1052 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1053 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1054 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1055 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1056 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1057 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1058 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1059 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1060 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1063 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1064 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1065 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1066 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1067 ip_mroute.ko module.
1070 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1071 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1072 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1074 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1075 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1076 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1079 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1080 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1081 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1082 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1083 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1087 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1088 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1089 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1090 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1091 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1094 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1095 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1096 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1097 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1100 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1101 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1102 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1103 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1107 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1108 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1109 with exceptions of followings:
1110 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1111 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1112 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1113 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1114 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1115 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1116 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1117 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1120 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1121 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1122 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1123 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1124 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1125 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1127 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1129 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1130 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1131 the array the same way you built it originally.
1134 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1135 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1136 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1137 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1138 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1139 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1140 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1143 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1144 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1145 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1146 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1147 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1150 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1151 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1152 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1153 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1154 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1157 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1158 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1159 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1160 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1161 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1162 added to 'struct proc'.
1165 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1168 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1169 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1170 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1171 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1172 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1175 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1178 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1179 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1180 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1183 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1186 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1187 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1188 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1191 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1192 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1193 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1194 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1195 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1198 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1199 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1200 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1201 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1204 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1205 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1209 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1210 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1211 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1212 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1213 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1216 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1217 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1218 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1219 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1220 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1221 `make installworld' with:
1223 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1225 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1226 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1227 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1228 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1231 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1232 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1233 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1234 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1238 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1239 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1240 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1241 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1242 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1243 implements the interface to support it.
1246 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1247 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1248 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1249 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1253 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1254 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1255 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1256 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1257 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1258 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1259 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1260 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1261 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1263 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1266 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1267 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1270 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1271 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1272 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1273 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1277 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1278 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1279 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1282 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1283 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1286 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1287 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1288 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1289 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1290 on your next install.
1291 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1292 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1293 to your /etc/make.conf.
1296 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1297 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1298 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1301 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1302 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1303 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1306 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1307 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1310 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1311 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1312 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1313 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1316 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1317 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1318 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1321 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1322 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1323 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1327 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1328 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1329 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1330 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1331 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1332 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1333 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1334 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1337 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1338 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1339 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1342 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1343 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1346 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1347 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1350 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1351 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1352 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1355 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1356 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1357 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1358 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1359 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1360 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1364 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1365 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1368 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1369 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1372 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1373 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1374 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1375 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1379 RELENG_6 branched here.
1382 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1383 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1384 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1385 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1386 removable_interfaces.
1389 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1390 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1391 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1392 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1393 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1394 affect existing configurations.
1397 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1398 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1399 updated to the new APIs.
1402 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1403 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1404 will not behave correctly.
1406 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1407 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1408 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1411 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1412 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1413 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1414 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1415 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1417 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1418 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1422 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1423 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1426 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1427 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1428 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1429 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1430 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1431 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1432 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1435 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1436 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1437 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1438 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1441 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1442 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1443 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1446 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1447 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1448 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1452 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1453 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1454 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1455 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1458 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1459 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1460 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1461 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1462 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1463 none at this point.)
1466 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1467 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1470 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1471 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1472 with the new kernel.
1475 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1476 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1477 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1480 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1481 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1482 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1483 if you have updated the kernel.
1485 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1486 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1487 mounting the new volume.
1490 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1491 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1492 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1493 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1496 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1497 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1500 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1501 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1502 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1503 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1504 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1505 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1508 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1509 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1510 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1511 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1512 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1515 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1516 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1517 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1518 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1519 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1520 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1521 and wlan_xauth as required.
1524 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1525 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1526 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1527 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1531 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1532 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1533 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1534 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1535 the module when a wep key is configured).
1538 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1539 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1540 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1543 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1544 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1547 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1548 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1549 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1550 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1551 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1552 their /etc/rc scripts.
1555 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1558 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1559 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1560 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1563 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1564 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1565 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1568 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1569 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1575 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1576 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1577 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1578 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1579 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1580 on the -current branch).
1582 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1583 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1584 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1585 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1586 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1587 page for more details.
1589 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1590 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1591 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1592 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1593 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1598 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1601 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1602 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1604 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1606 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1607 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1608 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1610 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1614 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1615 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1616 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1618 make kernel-toolchain
1619 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1620 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1622 To test a kernel once
1623 ---------------------
1624 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1625 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1626 debugging information) run
1627 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1628 nextboot -k testkernel
1630 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1631 --------------------------------------------------------------
1632 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1633 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1634 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1636 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1637 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1638 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1643 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1645 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1646 -----------------------------------------------------------
1647 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1648 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1650 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1652 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1654 <reboot in single user> [3]
1662 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1663 --------------------------------------------------
1664 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1665 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1666 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1669 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1672 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1673 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1674 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1675 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1676 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1677 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1678 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1679 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1680 <reboot into current>
1681 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1682 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1686 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1687 ----------------------------------------------
1688 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1690 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1692 <reboot in single user> [3]
1699 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1700 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1701 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1702 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1703 the UPDATING entries.
1705 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1706 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1707 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1708 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1709 much fewer pitfalls.
1711 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1712 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1715 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1720 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1721 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1722 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1724 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1725 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1726 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1727 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1728 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1729 for potential gotchas.
1731 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1732 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1733 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1734 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1735 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1736 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1738 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1739 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1740 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1742 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1743 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1744 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1745 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1746 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1748 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1749 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1751 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1752 cvs prune empty directories.
1754 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1755 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1756 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1758 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1759 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1760 warn if it is improperly defined.
1763 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1764 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1765 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1766 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1768 Copyright information:
1770 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1772 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1773 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1774 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1776 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1777 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1778 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1779 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1780 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1781 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1782 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1783 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1784 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1785 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1786 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1788 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1791 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of