1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
20 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
23 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
24 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
27 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
28 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
31 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
32 This version does not depend on a python library and the
33 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
34 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
35 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
38 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
39 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
40 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
41 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
42 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
44 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
45 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
51 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
52 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
53 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
54 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
57 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
58 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
59 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
60 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
61 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
62 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
63 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
66 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
67 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
68 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
69 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
70 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
76 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
77 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
78 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
79 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
80 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
81 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
82 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
83 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
87 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
88 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
89 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
90 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
91 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
93 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
94 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
95 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
97 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
100 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
101 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
102 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
103 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
106 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
107 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
108 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
109 be modified accordingly.
112 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
113 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
114 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
120 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
121 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
124 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
125 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
128 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
129 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
130 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
137 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
138 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
139 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
142 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
143 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
144 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
147 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
148 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
149 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
150 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
151 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
154 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
155 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
156 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
157 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
158 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
161 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
162 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
163 configurations may need to be adjusted.
166 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
167 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
168 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
169 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
172 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
173 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
174 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
175 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
178 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
179 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
180 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
181 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
184 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
185 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
186 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
189 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
190 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
191 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
192 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
193 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
194 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
195 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
196 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
197 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
199 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
200 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
201 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
202 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
203 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
206 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
207 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
208 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
209 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
210 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
213 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
214 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
218 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
222 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
223 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
224 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
227 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
228 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
231 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
232 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
236 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
237 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
239 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
242 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
246 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
247 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
250 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
252 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
255 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
256 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
257 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
258 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
259 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
260 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
263 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
264 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
267 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
269 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
272 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
273 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
274 data to /etc/localtime.
277 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
278 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
281 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
282 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
283 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
284 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
285 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
289 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
290 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
291 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
292 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
293 correctly checking networking state from userland.
294 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
297 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
298 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
299 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
300 follows the IPv4 implementation.
302 For kernel developers:
304 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
305 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
306 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
308 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
309 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
310 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
311 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
313 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
314 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
315 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
316 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
317 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
318 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
319 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
320 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
321 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
322 multicast membership on-link.
323 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
324 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
325 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
327 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
328 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
330 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
331 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
334 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
335 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
336 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
337 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
339 For application developers:
341 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
344 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
345 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
347 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
348 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
349 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
350 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
352 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
353 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
354 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
355 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
356 Multicast Source Filters'.
358 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
360 For systems administrators:
362 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
363 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
364 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
365 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
366 returned by getifaddrs(3).
368 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
369 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
371 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
372 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
373 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
374 recommended for optimal system performance.
376 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
377 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
378 back forwarded datagrams.
380 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
383 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
384 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
387 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
388 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
389 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
390 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
393 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
394 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
395 state will require a world rebuild.
396 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
399 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
400 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
401 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
404 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
405 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
406 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
407 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
409 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
412 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
413 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
414 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
415 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
416 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
417 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
418 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
419 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
422 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
423 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
424 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
427 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
428 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
429 introduces some changes:
431 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
432 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
433 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
435 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
436 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
437 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
438 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
440 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
441 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
442 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
445 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
448 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
449 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
453 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
454 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
455 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
456 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
457 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
460 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
461 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
462 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
463 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
467 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
468 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
469 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
470 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
473 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
474 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
477 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
478 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
480 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
481 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
482 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
484 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
485 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
486 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
487 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
488 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
489 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
490 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
491 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
493 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
494 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
495 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
496 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
497 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
498 to preserve the existing behaviour.
500 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
501 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
502 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
503 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
504 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
506 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
507 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
508 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
511 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
512 recompiled to reflect this.
513 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
516 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
517 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
518 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
519 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
520 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
521 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
524 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
525 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
526 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
527 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
528 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
529 raised to allow such segments to be created.
532 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
533 network device driver modules.
536 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
537 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
540 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
541 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
542 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
543 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
544 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
548 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
549 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
550 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
554 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
555 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
557 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
558 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
559 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
562 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
563 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
564 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
565 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
566 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
567 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
569 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
570 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
572 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
573 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
576 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
577 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
578 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
581 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
582 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
583 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
584 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
588 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
589 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
592 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
593 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
594 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
595 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
596 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
597 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
600 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
601 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
602 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
603 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
606 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
607 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
608 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
609 in next mpd5.3 release.
612 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
613 the base system (it was a port).
616 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
617 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
620 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
621 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
622 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
623 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
624 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
625 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
626 none of the L2 information.
629 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
630 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
632 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
634 to their kernel config files when specifying:
638 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
639 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
640 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
641 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
644 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
645 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
646 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
647 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
648 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
652 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
653 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
654 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
655 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
658 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
661 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
662 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
663 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
664 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
665 controller add the following to loader.conf:
671 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
672 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
676 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
677 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
678 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
679 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
680 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
681 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
682 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
685 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
686 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
687 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
688 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
689 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
692 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
698 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
700 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
701 cause compilation to fail.
704 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
707 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
709 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
710 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
711 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
712 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
713 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
714 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
715 accepting the RSA key.
717 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
718 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
721 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
722 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
723 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
727 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
728 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
729 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
731 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
732 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
733 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
734 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
735 use the new device names.
737 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
738 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
739 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
740 at the loader prompt:
742 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
743 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
744 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
745 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
749 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
753 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
754 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
755 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
756 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
759 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
760 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
763 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
764 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
765 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
766 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
767 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
770 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
771 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
772 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
773 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
775 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
778 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
779 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
780 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
781 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
783 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
784 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
785 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
788 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
789 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
790 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
791 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
792 other operation levels.
795 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
796 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
797 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
798 compatibility with any prior release:
800 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
801 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
802 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
805 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
806 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
807 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
808 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
809 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
813 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
814 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
815 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
816 with older hardware easier to do.
819 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
820 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
823 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
824 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
825 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
829 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
833 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
834 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
835 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
836 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
837 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
838 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
839 third-party software might fail to build after this change
840 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
841 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
842 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
843 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
844 case that a portable fix is impossible.
847 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
848 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
849 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
852 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
853 functionality is the default now.
856 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
857 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
858 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
859 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
860 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
862 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
863 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
864 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
867 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
868 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
869 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
870 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
871 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
872 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
873 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
874 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
875 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
876 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
880 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
881 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
883 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
884 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
885 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
891 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
892 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
895 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
896 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
897 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
898 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
899 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
902 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
903 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
904 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
905 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
909 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
910 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
911 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
914 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
915 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
916 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
919 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
920 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
921 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
922 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
923 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
926 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
927 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
928 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
929 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
930 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
931 will change after some settling time.
934 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
935 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
939 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
940 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
944 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
945 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
946 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
947 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
950 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
951 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
952 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
953 the IPv4 network stack.
955 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
956 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
957 has now been removed.
959 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
960 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
961 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
962 updated to reflect this.
964 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
965 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
969 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
970 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
971 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
972 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
973 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
974 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
975 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
976 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
977 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
978 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
982 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
983 function and starts providing an account management function.
984 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
985 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
986 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
988 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
990 and change it according to this example:
992 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
994 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
995 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
996 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
997 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1000 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1001 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1002 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1003 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1006 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1007 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1008 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1009 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1010 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1011 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1015 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1016 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1017 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1018 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1019 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1020 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1021 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1023 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1024 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1025 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1028 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1029 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1030 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1031 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1034 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1035 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1038 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1039 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1040 base operating system should be recompiled.
1043 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1044 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1045 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1046 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1047 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1050 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1051 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1052 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1053 deprecated in previous releases.
1054 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1055 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1058 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1059 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1060 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1061 sync. For more info:
1062 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1065 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1066 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1067 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1068 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1071 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1072 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1073 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1074 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1075 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1076 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1077 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1078 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1079 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1082 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1083 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1084 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1085 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1086 ip_mroute.ko module.
1089 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1090 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1091 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1093 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1094 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1095 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1098 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1099 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1100 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1101 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1102 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1106 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1107 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1108 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1109 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1110 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1113 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1114 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1115 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1116 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1119 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1120 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1121 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1122 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1126 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1127 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1128 with exceptions of followings:
1129 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1130 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1131 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1132 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1133 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1134 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1135 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1136 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1139 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1140 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1141 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1142 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1143 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1144 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1146 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1148 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1149 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1150 the array the same way you built it originally.
1153 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1154 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1155 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1156 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1157 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1158 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1159 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1162 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1163 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1164 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1165 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1166 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1169 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1170 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1171 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1172 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1173 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1176 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1177 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1178 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1179 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1180 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1181 added to 'struct proc'.
1184 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1187 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1188 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1189 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1190 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1191 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1194 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1197 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1198 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1199 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1202 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1205 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1206 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1207 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1210 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1211 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1212 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1213 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1214 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1217 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1218 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1219 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1220 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1223 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1224 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1228 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1229 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1230 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1231 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1232 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1235 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1236 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1237 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1238 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1239 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1240 `make installworld' with:
1242 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1244 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1245 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1246 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1247 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1250 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1251 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1252 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1253 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1257 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1258 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1259 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1260 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1261 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1262 implements the interface to support it.
1265 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1266 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1267 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1268 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1272 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1273 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1274 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1275 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1276 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1277 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1278 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1279 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1280 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1282 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1285 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1286 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1289 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1290 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1291 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1292 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1296 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1297 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1298 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1301 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1302 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1305 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1306 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1307 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1308 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1309 on your next install.
1310 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1311 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1312 to your /etc/make.conf.
1315 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1316 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1317 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1320 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1321 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1322 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1325 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1326 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1329 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1330 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1331 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1332 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1335 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1336 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1337 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1340 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1341 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1342 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1346 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1347 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1348 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1349 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1350 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1351 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1352 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1353 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1356 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1357 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1358 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1361 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1362 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1365 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1366 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1369 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1370 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1371 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1374 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1375 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1376 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1377 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1378 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1379 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1383 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1384 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1387 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1388 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1391 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1392 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1393 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1394 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1398 RELENG_6 branched here.
1401 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1402 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1403 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1404 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1405 removable_interfaces.
1408 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1409 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1410 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1411 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1412 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1413 affect existing configurations.
1416 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1417 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1418 updated to the new APIs.
1421 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1422 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1423 will not behave correctly.
1425 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1426 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1427 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1430 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1431 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1432 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1433 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1434 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1436 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1437 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1441 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1442 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1445 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1446 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1447 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1448 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1449 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1450 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1451 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1454 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1455 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1456 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1457 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1460 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1461 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1462 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1465 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1466 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1467 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1471 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1472 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1473 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1474 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1477 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1478 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1479 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1480 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1481 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1482 none at this point.)
1485 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1486 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1489 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1490 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1491 with the new kernel.
1494 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1495 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1496 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1499 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1500 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1501 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1502 if you have updated the kernel.
1504 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1505 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1506 mounting the new volume.
1509 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1510 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1511 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1512 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1515 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1516 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1519 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1520 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1521 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1522 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1523 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1524 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1527 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1528 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1529 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1530 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1531 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1534 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1535 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1536 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1537 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1538 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1539 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1540 and wlan_xauth as required.
1543 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1544 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1545 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1546 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1550 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1551 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1552 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1553 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1554 the module when a wep key is configured).
1557 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1558 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1559 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1562 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1563 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1566 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1567 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1568 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1569 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1570 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1571 their /etc/rc scripts.
1574 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1577 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1578 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1579 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1582 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1583 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1584 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1587 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1588 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1594 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1595 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1596 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1597 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1598 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1599 on the -current branch).
1601 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1602 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1603 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1604 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1605 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1606 page for more details.
1608 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1609 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1610 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1611 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1612 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1617 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1620 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1621 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1623 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1625 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1626 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1627 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1629 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1633 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1634 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1635 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1637 make kernel-toolchain
1638 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1639 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1641 To test a kernel once
1642 ---------------------
1643 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1644 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1645 debugging information) run
1646 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1647 nextboot -k testkernel
1649 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1650 --------------------------------------------------------------
1651 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1652 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1653 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1655 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1656 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1657 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1662 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1664 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1665 -----------------------------------------------------------
1666 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1667 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1669 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1671 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1673 <reboot in single user> [3]
1681 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1682 --------------------------------------------------
1683 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1684 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1685 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1688 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1691 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1692 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1693 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1694 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1695 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1696 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1697 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1698 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1699 <reboot into current>
1700 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1701 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1705 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1706 ----------------------------------------------
1707 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1709 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1711 <reboot in single user> [3]
1718 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1719 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1720 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1721 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1722 the UPDATING entries.
1724 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1725 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1726 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1727 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1728 much fewer pitfalls.
1730 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1731 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1734 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1739 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1740 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1741 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1743 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1744 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1745 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1746 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1747 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1748 for potential gotchas.
1750 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1751 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1752 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1753 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1754 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1755 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1757 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1758 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1759 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1761 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1762 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1763 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1764 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1765 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1767 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1768 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1770 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1771 cvs prune empty directories.
1773 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1774 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1775 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1777 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1778 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1779 warn if it is improperly defined.
1782 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1783 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1784 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1785 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1786 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1788 Copyright information:
1790 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1792 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1793 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1794 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1796 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1797 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1798 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1799 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1800 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1801 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1802 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1803 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1804 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1805 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1806 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1808 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1811 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of