1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
20 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
21 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
22 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
23 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
24 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
25 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
28 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
29 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
30 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
31 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
32 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
38 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
39 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
40 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
41 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
42 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
43 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
44 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
45 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
49 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
50 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
51 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
52 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
53 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
55 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
56 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
57 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
59 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
62 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
63 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
64 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
65 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
68 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
69 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
70 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
71 be modified accordingly.
74 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
75 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
76 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
82 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
83 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
86 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
87 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
90 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
91 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
92 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
99 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
100 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
101 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
104 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
105 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
106 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
109 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
110 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
111 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
112 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
113 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
116 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
117 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
118 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
119 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
120 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
123 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
124 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
125 configurations may need to be adjusted.
128 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
129 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
130 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
131 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
134 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
135 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
136 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
137 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
140 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
141 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
142 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
146 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
147 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
148 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
151 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
152 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
153 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
154 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
155 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
156 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
157 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
158 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
159 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
161 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
162 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
163 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
164 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
165 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
168 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
169 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
170 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
171 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
172 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
175 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
176 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
180 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
184 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
185 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
186 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
189 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
190 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
193 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
194 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
198 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
199 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
201 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
204 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
208 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
209 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
212 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
214 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
217 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
218 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
219 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
220 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
221 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
222 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
225 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
226 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
229 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
234 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
235 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
236 data to /etc/localtime.
239 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
240 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
243 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
244 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
245 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
246 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
247 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
248 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
251 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
252 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
253 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
254 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
255 correctly checking networking state from userland.
256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
259 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
260 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
261 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
262 follows the IPv4 implementation.
264 For kernel developers:
266 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
267 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
268 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
270 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
271 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
272 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
273 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
275 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
276 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
277 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
278 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
279 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
280 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
281 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
282 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
283 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
284 multicast membership on-link.
285 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
286 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
287 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
289 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
290 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
292 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
293 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
296 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
297 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
298 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
299 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
301 For application developers:
303 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
306 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
307 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
309 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
310 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
311 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
312 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
314 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
315 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
316 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
317 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
318 Multicast Source Filters'.
320 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
322 For systems administrators:
324 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
325 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
326 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
327 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
328 returned by getifaddrs(3).
330 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
331 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
333 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
334 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
335 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
336 recommended for optimal system performance.
338 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
339 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
340 back forwarded datagrams.
342 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
345 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
346 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
349 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
350 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
351 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
352 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
355 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
356 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
357 state will require a world rebuild.
358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
361 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
362 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
363 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
366 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
367 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
368 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
369 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
371 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
374 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
375 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
376 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
377 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
378 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
379 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
380 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
381 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
384 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
385 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
386 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
389 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
390 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
391 introduces some changes:
393 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
394 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
395 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
397 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
398 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
399 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
400 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
402 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
403 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
404 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
407 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
410 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
411 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
415 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
416 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
417 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
418 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
419 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
422 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
423 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
424 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
425 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
429 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
430 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
431 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
432 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
435 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
436 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
439 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
440 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
442 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
443 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
444 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
446 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
447 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
448 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
449 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
450 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
451 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
452 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
453 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
455 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
456 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
457 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
458 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
459 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
460 to preserve the existing behaviour.
462 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
463 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
464 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
465 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
466 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
468 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
469 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
470 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
473 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
474 recompiled to reflect this.
475 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
478 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
479 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
480 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
481 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
482 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
483 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
486 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
487 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
488 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
489 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
490 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
491 raised to allow such segments to be created.
494 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
495 network device driver modules.
498 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
499 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
502 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
503 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
504 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
505 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
506 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
510 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
511 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
512 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
516 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
517 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
519 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
520 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
521 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
524 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
525 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
526 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
527 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
528 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
529 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
531 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
532 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
534 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
535 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
538 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
539 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
540 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
543 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
544 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
545 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
546 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
550 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
551 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
554 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
555 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
556 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
557 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
558 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
559 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
562 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
563 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
564 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
565 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
568 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
569 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
570 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
571 in next mpd5.3 release.
574 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
575 the base system (it was a port).
578 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
579 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
582 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
583 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
584 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
585 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
586 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
587 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
588 none of the L2 information.
591 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
592 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
594 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
596 to their kernel config files when specifying:
600 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
601 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
602 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
603 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
606 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
607 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
608 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
609 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
610 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
614 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
615 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
616 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
617 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
620 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
623 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
624 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
625 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
626 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
627 controller add the following to loader.conf:
633 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
634 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
638 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
639 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
640 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
641 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
642 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
643 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
644 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
647 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
648 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
649 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
650 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
651 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
654 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
660 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
662 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
663 cause compilation to fail.
666 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
669 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
671 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
672 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
673 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
674 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
675 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
676 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
677 accepting the RSA key.
679 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
680 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
683 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
684 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
685 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
689 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
690 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
691 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
693 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
694 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
695 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
696 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
697 use the new device names.
699 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
700 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
701 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
702 at the loader prompt:
704 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
705 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
706 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
707 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
711 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
715 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
716 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
717 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
718 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
721 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
722 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
725 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
726 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
727 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
728 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
729 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
732 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
733 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
734 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
735 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
737 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
740 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
741 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
742 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
743 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
745 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
746 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
747 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
750 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
751 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
752 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
753 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
754 other operation levels.
757 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
758 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
759 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
760 compatibility with any prior release:
762 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
763 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
764 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
767 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
768 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
769 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
770 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
771 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
775 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
776 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
777 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
778 with older hardware easier to do.
781 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
782 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
785 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
786 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
787 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
791 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
795 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
796 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
797 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
798 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
799 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
800 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
801 third-party software might fail to build after this change
802 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
803 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
804 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
805 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
806 case that a portable fix is impossible.
809 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
810 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
811 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
814 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
815 functionality is the default now.
818 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
819 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
820 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
821 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
822 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
824 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
825 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
826 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
829 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
830 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
831 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
832 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
833 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
834 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
835 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
836 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
837 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
838 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
842 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
843 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
845 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
846 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
847 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
853 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
854 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
857 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
858 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
859 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
860 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
861 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
864 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
865 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
866 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
867 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
871 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
872 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
873 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
876 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
877 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
878 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
881 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
882 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
883 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
884 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
885 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
888 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
889 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
890 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
891 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
892 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
893 will change after some settling time.
896 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
897 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
901 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
902 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
906 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
907 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
908 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
909 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
912 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
913 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
914 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
915 the IPv4 network stack.
917 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
918 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
919 has now been removed.
921 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
922 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
923 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
924 updated to reflect this.
926 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
927 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
931 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
932 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
933 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
934 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
935 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
936 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
937 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
938 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
939 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
940 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
944 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
945 function and starts providing an account management function.
946 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
947 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
948 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
950 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
952 and change it according to this example:
954 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
956 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
957 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
958 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
959 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
962 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
963 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
964 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
965 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
968 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
969 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
970 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
971 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
972 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
973 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
977 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
978 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
979 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
980 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
981 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
982 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
983 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
985 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
986 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
987 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
990 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
991 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
992 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
993 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
996 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
997 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1000 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1001 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1002 base operating system should be recompiled.
1005 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1006 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1007 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1008 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1009 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1012 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1013 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1014 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1015 deprecated in previous releases.
1016 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1017 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1020 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1021 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1022 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1023 sync. For more info:
1024 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1027 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1028 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1029 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1030 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1033 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1034 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1035 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1036 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1037 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1038 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1039 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1040 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1041 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1044 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1045 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1046 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1047 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1048 ip_mroute.ko module.
1051 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1052 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1053 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1055 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1056 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1057 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1060 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1061 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1062 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1063 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1064 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1068 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1069 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1070 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1071 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1072 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1075 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1076 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1077 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1078 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1081 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1082 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1083 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1084 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1088 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1089 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1090 with exceptions of followings:
1091 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1092 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1093 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1094 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1095 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1096 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1097 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1098 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1101 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1102 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1103 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1104 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1105 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1106 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1108 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1110 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1111 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1112 the array the same way you built it originally.
1115 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1116 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1117 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1118 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1119 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1120 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1121 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1124 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1125 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1126 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1127 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1128 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1131 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1132 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1133 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1134 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1135 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1138 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1139 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1140 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1141 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1142 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1143 added to 'struct proc'.
1146 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1149 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1150 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1151 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1152 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1153 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1156 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1159 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1160 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1161 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1164 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1167 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1168 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1169 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1172 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1173 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1174 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1175 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1176 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1179 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1180 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1181 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1182 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1185 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1186 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1190 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1191 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1192 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1193 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1194 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1197 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1198 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1199 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1200 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1201 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1202 `make installworld' with:
1204 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1206 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1207 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1208 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1209 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1212 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1213 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1214 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1215 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1219 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1220 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1221 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1222 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1223 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1224 implements the interface to support it.
1227 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1228 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1229 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1230 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1234 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1235 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1236 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1237 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1238 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1239 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1240 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1241 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1242 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1244 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1247 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1248 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1251 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1252 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1253 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1254 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1258 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1259 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1260 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1263 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1264 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1267 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1268 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1269 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1270 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1271 on your next install.
1272 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1273 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1274 to your /etc/make.conf.
1277 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1278 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1279 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1282 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1283 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1284 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1287 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1288 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1291 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1292 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1293 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1294 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1297 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1298 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1299 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1302 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1303 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1304 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1308 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1309 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1310 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1311 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1312 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1313 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1314 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1315 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1318 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1319 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1320 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1323 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1324 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1327 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1328 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1331 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1332 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1333 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1336 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1337 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1338 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1339 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1340 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1341 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1345 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1346 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1349 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1350 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1353 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1354 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1355 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1356 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1360 RELENG_6 branched here.
1363 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1364 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1365 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1366 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1367 removable_interfaces.
1370 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1371 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1372 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1373 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1374 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1375 affect existing configurations.
1378 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1379 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1380 updated to the new APIs.
1383 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1384 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1385 will not behave correctly.
1387 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1388 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1389 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1392 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1393 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1394 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1395 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1396 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1398 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1399 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1403 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1404 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1407 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1408 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1409 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1410 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1411 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1412 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1413 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1416 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1417 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1418 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1419 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1422 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1423 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1424 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1427 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1428 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1429 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1433 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1434 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1435 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1436 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1439 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1440 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1441 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1442 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1443 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1444 none at this point.)
1447 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1448 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1451 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1452 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1453 with the new kernel.
1456 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1457 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1458 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1461 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1462 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1463 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1464 if you have updated the kernel.
1466 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1467 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1468 mounting the new volume.
1471 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1472 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1473 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1474 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1477 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1478 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1481 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1482 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1483 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1484 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1485 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1486 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1489 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1490 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1491 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1492 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1493 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1496 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1497 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1498 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1499 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1500 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1501 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1502 and wlan_xauth as required.
1505 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1506 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1507 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1508 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1512 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1513 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1514 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1515 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1516 the module when a wep key is configured).
1519 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1520 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1521 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1524 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1525 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1528 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1529 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1530 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1531 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1532 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1533 their /etc/rc scripts.
1536 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1539 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1540 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1541 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1544 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1545 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1546 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1549 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1550 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1556 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1557 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1558 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1559 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1560 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1561 on the -current branch).
1563 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1564 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1565 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1566 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1567 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1568 page for more details.
1570 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1571 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1572 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1573 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1574 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1579 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1582 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1583 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1585 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1587 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1588 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1589 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1591 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1595 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1596 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1597 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1599 make kernel-toolchain
1600 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1601 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1603 To test a kernel once
1604 ---------------------
1605 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1606 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1607 debugging information) run
1608 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1609 nextboot -k testkernel
1611 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1612 --------------------------------------------------------------
1613 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1614 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1615 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1617 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1618 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1619 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1624 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1626 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1627 -----------------------------------------------------------
1628 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1629 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1631 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1633 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1635 <reboot in single user> [3]
1643 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1644 --------------------------------------------------
1645 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1646 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1647 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1650 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1653 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1654 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1655 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1656 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1657 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1658 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1659 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1660 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1661 <reboot into current>
1662 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1663 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1667 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1668 ----------------------------------------------
1669 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1671 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1673 <reboot in single user> [3]
1680 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1681 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1682 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1683 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1684 the UPDATING entries.
1686 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1687 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1688 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1689 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1690 much fewer pitfalls.
1692 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1693 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1696 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1701 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1702 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1703 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1705 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1706 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1707 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1708 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1709 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1710 for potential gotchas.
1712 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1713 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1714 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1715 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1716 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1717 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1719 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1720 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1721 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1722 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1723 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1725 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1726 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1728 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1729 cvs prune empty directories.
1731 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1732 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1733 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1735 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1736 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1737 warn if it is improperly defined.
1740 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1741 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1742 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1743 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1745 Copyright information:
1747 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1749 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1750 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1751 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1753 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1754 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1755 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1756 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1757 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1758 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1759 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1760 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1761 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1762 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1763 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1765 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1768 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of