1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
22 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
23 equivalent of `status' command.
24 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
25 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
26 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
29 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
32 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged. Please refer to
33 zpool-features(7) for more information.
35 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
36 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
39 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 8-STABLE.
40 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
41 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
42 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
43 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
44 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
45 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
46 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
47 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
50 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
51 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
52 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
53 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
55 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
56 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
60 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
61 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
62 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
63 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
64 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
68 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
69 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
70 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
76 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
77 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
80 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
81 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
84 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
85 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
88 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
89 This version does not depend on a python library and the
90 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
91 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
92 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
95 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
96 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
97 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
98 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
99 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
101 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
102 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
108 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
109 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
110 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
111 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
114 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
115 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
116 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
117 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
118 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
119 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
120 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
123 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
124 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
125 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
126 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
127 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
133 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
134 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
135 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
136 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
137 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
138 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
139 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
140 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
144 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
145 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
146 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
147 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
148 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
150 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
151 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
152 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
154 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
157 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
158 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
159 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
160 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
163 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
164 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
165 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
166 be modified accordingly.
169 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
170 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
171 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
177 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
178 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
181 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
182 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
185 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
186 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
187 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
194 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
195 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
196 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
199 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
200 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
201 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
204 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
205 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
206 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
207 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
208 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
211 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
212 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
213 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
214 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
215 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
218 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
219 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
220 configurations may need to be adjusted.
223 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
224 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
225 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
226 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
229 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
230 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
231 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
232 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
235 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
236 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
237 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
241 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
242 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
243 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
246 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
247 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
248 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
249 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
250 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
251 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
252 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
253 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
254 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
256 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
257 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
258 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
259 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
260 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
263 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
264 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
265 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
266 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
267 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
270 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
271 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
275 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
279 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
280 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
281 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
284 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
285 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
288 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
289 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
293 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
294 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
296 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
299 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
303 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
304 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
307 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
309 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
312 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
313 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
314 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
315 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
316 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
317 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
320 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
321 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
324 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
326 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
329 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
330 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
331 data to /etc/localtime.
334 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
335 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
338 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
339 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
340 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
341 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
342 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
343 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
346 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
347 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
348 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
349 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
350 correctly checking networking state from userland.
351 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
354 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
355 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
356 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
357 follows the IPv4 implementation.
359 For kernel developers:
361 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
362 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
363 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
365 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
366 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
367 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
368 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
370 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
371 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
372 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
373 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
374 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
375 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
376 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
377 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
378 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
379 multicast membership on-link.
380 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
381 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
382 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
384 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
385 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
387 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
388 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
391 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
392 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
393 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
394 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
396 For application developers:
398 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
401 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
402 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
404 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
405 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
406 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
407 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
409 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
410 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
411 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
412 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
413 Multicast Source Filters'.
415 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
417 For systems administrators:
419 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
420 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
421 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
422 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
423 returned by getifaddrs(3).
425 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
426 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
428 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
429 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
430 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
431 recommended for optimal system performance.
433 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
434 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
435 back forwarded datagrams.
437 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
440 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
441 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
444 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
445 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
446 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
447 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
450 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
451 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
452 state will require a world rebuild.
453 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
456 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
457 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
458 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
461 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
462 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
463 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
464 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
466 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
469 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
470 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
471 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
472 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
473 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
474 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
475 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
476 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
479 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
480 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
481 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
484 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
485 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
486 introduces some changes:
488 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
489 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
490 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
492 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
493 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
494 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
495 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
497 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
498 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
499 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
502 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
505 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
506 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
510 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
511 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
512 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
513 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
514 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
517 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
518 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
519 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
520 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
524 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
525 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
526 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
527 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
530 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
531 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
534 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
535 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
537 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
538 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
539 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
541 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
542 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
543 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
544 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
545 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
546 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
547 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
548 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
550 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
551 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
552 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
553 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
554 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
555 to preserve the existing behaviour.
557 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
558 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
559 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
560 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
561 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
563 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
564 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
565 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
568 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
569 recompiled to reflect this.
570 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
573 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
574 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
575 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
576 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
577 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
578 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
581 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
582 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
583 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
584 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
585 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
586 raised to allow such segments to be created.
589 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
590 network device driver modules.
593 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
594 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
597 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
598 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
599 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
600 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
601 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
605 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
606 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
607 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
611 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
612 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
614 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
615 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
616 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
619 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
620 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
621 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
622 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
623 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
624 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
626 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
627 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
629 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
630 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
633 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
634 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
635 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
638 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
639 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
640 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
641 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
645 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
646 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
649 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
650 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
651 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
652 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
653 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
654 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
657 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
658 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
659 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
660 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
663 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
664 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
665 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
666 in next mpd5.3 release.
669 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
670 the base system (it was a port).
673 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
674 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
677 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
678 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
679 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
680 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
681 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
682 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
683 none of the L2 information.
686 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
687 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
689 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
691 to their kernel config files when specifying:
695 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
696 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
697 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
698 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
701 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
702 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
703 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
704 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
705 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
709 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
710 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
711 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
712 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
715 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
718 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
719 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
720 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
721 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
722 controller add the following to loader.conf:
728 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
729 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
733 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
734 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
735 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
736 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
737 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
738 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
739 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
742 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
743 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
744 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
745 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
746 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
749 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
755 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
757 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
758 cause compilation to fail.
761 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
764 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
766 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
767 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
768 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
769 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
770 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
771 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
772 accepting the RSA key.
774 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
775 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
778 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
779 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
780 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
784 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
785 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
786 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
788 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
789 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
790 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
791 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
792 use the new device names.
794 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
795 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
796 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
797 at the loader prompt:
799 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
800 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
801 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
802 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
806 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
810 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
811 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
812 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
813 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
816 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
817 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
820 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
821 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
822 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
823 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
824 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
827 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
828 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
829 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
830 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
832 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
835 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
836 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
837 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
838 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
840 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
841 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
842 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
845 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
846 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
847 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
848 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
849 other operation levels.
852 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
853 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
854 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
855 compatibility with any prior release:
857 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
858 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
859 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
862 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
863 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
864 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
865 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
866 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
870 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
871 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
872 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
873 with older hardware easier to do.
876 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
877 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
880 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
881 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
882 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
886 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
890 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
891 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
892 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
893 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
894 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
895 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
896 third-party software might fail to build after this change
897 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
898 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
899 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
900 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
901 case that a portable fix is impossible.
904 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
905 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
906 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
909 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
910 functionality is the default now.
913 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
914 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
915 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
916 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
917 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
919 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
920 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
921 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
924 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
925 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
926 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
927 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
928 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
929 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
930 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
931 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
932 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
933 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
937 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
938 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
940 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
941 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
942 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
948 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
949 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
952 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
953 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
954 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
955 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
956 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
959 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
960 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
961 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
962 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
966 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
967 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
968 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
971 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
972 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
973 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
976 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
977 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
978 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
979 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
980 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
983 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
984 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
985 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
986 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
987 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
988 will change after some settling time.
991 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
992 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
996 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
997 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1001 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
1002 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
1003 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
1004 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
1007 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
1008 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
1009 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
1010 the IPv4 network stack.
1012 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
1013 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
1014 has now been removed.
1016 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
1017 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
1018 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
1019 updated to reflect this.
1021 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
1022 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
1026 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1027 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1028 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1029 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1030 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1031 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1032 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1033 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1034 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1035 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1039 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1040 function and starts providing an account management function.
1041 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1042 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1043 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1045 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1047 and change it according to this example:
1049 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1051 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1052 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1053 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1054 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1057 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1058 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1059 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1060 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1063 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1064 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1065 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1066 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1067 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1068 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1072 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1073 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1074 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1075 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1076 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1077 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1078 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1080 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1081 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1082 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1085 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1086 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1087 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1088 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1091 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1092 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1095 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1096 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1097 base operating system should be recompiled.
1100 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1101 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1102 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1103 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1104 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1107 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1108 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1109 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1110 deprecated in previous releases.
1111 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1112 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1115 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1116 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1117 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1118 sync. For more info:
1119 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1122 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1123 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1124 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1125 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1128 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1129 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1130 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1131 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1132 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1133 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1134 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1135 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1136 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1139 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1140 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1141 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1142 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1143 ip_mroute.ko module.
1146 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1147 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1148 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1150 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1151 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1152 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1155 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1156 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1157 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1158 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1159 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1163 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1164 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1165 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1166 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1167 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1170 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1171 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1172 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1173 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1176 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1177 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1178 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1179 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1183 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1184 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1185 with exceptions of followings:
1186 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1187 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1188 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1189 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1190 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1191 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1192 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1193 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1196 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1197 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1198 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1199 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1200 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1201 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1203 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1205 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1206 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1207 the array the same way you built it originally.
1210 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1211 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1212 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1213 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1214 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1215 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1216 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1219 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1220 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1221 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1222 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1223 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1226 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1227 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1228 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1229 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1230 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1233 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1234 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1235 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1236 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1237 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1238 added to 'struct proc'.
1241 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1244 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1245 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1246 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1247 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1248 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1251 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1254 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1255 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1256 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1259 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1262 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1263 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1264 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1267 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1268 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1269 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1270 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1271 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1274 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1275 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1276 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1277 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1280 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1281 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1285 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1286 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1287 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1288 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1289 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1292 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1293 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1294 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1295 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1296 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1297 `make installworld' with:
1299 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1301 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1302 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1303 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1304 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1307 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1308 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1309 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1310 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1314 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1315 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1316 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1317 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1318 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1319 implements the interface to support it.
1322 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1323 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1324 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1325 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1329 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1330 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1331 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1332 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1333 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1334 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1335 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1336 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1337 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1339 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1342 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1343 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1346 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1347 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1348 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1349 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1353 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1354 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1355 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1358 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1359 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1362 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1363 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1364 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1365 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1366 on your next install.
1367 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1368 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1369 to your /etc/make.conf.
1372 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1373 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1374 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1377 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1378 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1379 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1382 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1383 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1386 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1387 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1388 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1389 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1392 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1393 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1394 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1397 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1398 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1399 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1403 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1404 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1405 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1406 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1407 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1408 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1409 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1410 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1413 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1414 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1415 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1418 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1419 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1422 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1423 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1426 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1427 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1428 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1431 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1432 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1433 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1434 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1435 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1436 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1440 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1441 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1444 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1445 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1448 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1449 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1450 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1451 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1455 RELENG_6 branched here.
1458 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1459 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1460 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1461 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1462 removable_interfaces.
1465 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1466 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1467 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1468 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1469 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1470 affect existing configurations.
1473 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1474 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1475 updated to the new APIs.
1478 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1479 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1480 will not behave correctly.
1482 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1483 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1484 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1487 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1488 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1489 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1490 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1491 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1493 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1494 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1498 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1499 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1502 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1503 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1504 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1505 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1506 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1507 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1508 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1511 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1512 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1513 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1514 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1517 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1518 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1519 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1522 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1523 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1524 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1528 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1529 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1530 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1531 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1534 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1535 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1536 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1537 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1538 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1539 none at this point.)
1542 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1543 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1546 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1547 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1548 with the new kernel.
1551 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1552 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1553 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1556 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1557 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1558 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1559 if you have updated the kernel.
1561 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1562 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1563 mounting the new volume.
1566 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1567 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1568 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1569 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1572 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1573 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1576 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1577 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1578 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1579 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1580 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1581 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1584 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1585 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1586 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1587 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1588 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1591 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1592 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1593 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1594 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1595 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1596 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1597 and wlan_xauth as required.
1600 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1601 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1602 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1603 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1607 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1608 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1609 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1610 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1611 the module when a wep key is configured).
1614 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1615 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1616 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1619 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1620 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1623 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1624 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1625 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1626 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1627 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1628 their /etc/rc scripts.
1631 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1634 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1635 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1636 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1639 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1640 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1641 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1644 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1645 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1651 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1652 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1653 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1654 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1655 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1656 on the -current branch).
1658 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1659 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1660 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1661 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1662 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1663 page for more details.
1665 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1666 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1667 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1668 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1669 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1674 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1677 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1678 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1680 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1682 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1683 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1684 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1686 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1690 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1691 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1692 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1694 make kernel-toolchain
1695 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1696 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1698 To test a kernel once
1699 ---------------------
1700 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1701 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1702 debugging information) run
1703 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1704 nextboot -k testkernel
1706 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1707 --------------------------------------------------------------
1708 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1709 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1710 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1712 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1713 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1714 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1719 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1721 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1722 -----------------------------------------------------------
1723 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1724 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1726 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1728 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1730 <reboot in single user> [3]
1738 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1739 --------------------------------------------------
1740 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1741 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1742 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1745 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1748 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1749 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1750 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1751 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1752 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1753 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1754 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1755 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1756 <reboot into current>
1757 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1758 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1762 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1763 ----------------------------------------------
1764 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1766 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1768 <reboot in single user> [3]
1775 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1776 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1777 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1778 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1779 the UPDATING entries.
1781 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1782 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1783 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1784 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1785 much fewer pitfalls.
1787 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1788 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1791 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1796 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1797 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1798 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1800 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1801 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1802 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1803 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1804 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1805 for potential gotchas.
1807 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1808 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1809 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1810 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1811 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1812 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1814 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1815 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1816 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1818 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1819 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1820 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1821 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1822 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1824 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1825 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1827 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1828 cvs prune empty directories.
1830 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1831 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1832 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1834 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1835 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1836 warn if it is improperly defined.
1839 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1840 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1841 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1842 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1843 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1845 Copyright information:
1847 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1849 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1850 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1851 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1853 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1854 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1855 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1856 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1857 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1858 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1859 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1860 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1861 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1862 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1863 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1865 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1868 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of