1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
19 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
20 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
21 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
22 the nfe(4) driver instead.
25 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
26 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
27 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
28 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
29 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
30 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
31 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
32 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
33 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 804501.
36 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
37 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
38 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
39 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
40 subdirectories must be reviewed.
43 hastctl(8)'s `status' command output changed to terse one-liner format.
44 Scripts using this should switch to `list' command or be rewritten.
47 Added ZFS TRIM support which is enabled by default. To disable
48 ZFS TRIM support set vfs.zfs.trim.enabled=0 in loader.conf.
50 Creating new ZFS pools and adding new devices to existing pools
51 first performs a full device level TRIM, which can take a significant
52 amount of time. Set the sysctl vfs.zfs.vdev.trim_on_init to 0 to
53 disable this behaviour.
55 ZFS TRIM requires the underlying device support BIO_DELETE which
56 is currently provided by methods such as ATA TRIM and SCSI UNMAP
57 via CAM, which are typically supported by SSD's.
59 Stats for ZFS TRIM can be monitored by looking at the sysctl's
60 under kstat.zfs.misc.zio_trim.
66 `list' command has been added to hastctl(8). For now, it is full
67 equivalent of `status' command.
68 WARNING: in the near future the output of hastctl's status command
69 will change to more terse format. If you use `hastctl status'
70 for parsing in your scripts, switch to `hastctl list'.
73 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
76 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged. Please refer to
77 zpool-features(7) for more information.
79 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
80 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
83 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to 8-STABLE.
84 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
85 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
86 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
87 pools. The first two read-only compatible "feature flags" for ZFS
88 pools are "com.delphix:async_destroy" and "com.delphix:empty_bpobj".
89 For more information read the new zpool-features(7) manual page.
90 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
91 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
94 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
95 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
96 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
97 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
99 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
100 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
101 to unwanted behavior.
104 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
105 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
106 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
107 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
108 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
112 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
113 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
114 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
120 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
121 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
124 A new VOP_ALLOCATE() was added to support posix_fallocate(2). All
125 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
128 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
129 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
132 A new version of ZFS (version 28) has been merged.
133 This version does not depend on a python library and the
134 sysutils/py-zfs port is not used anymore.
135 For upgrading your boot pool, please read "ZFS notes"
136 in the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file.
139 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
140 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
141 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
142 older FreeBSD versions) who implement
143 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
145 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
146 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
152 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
153 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
154 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
155 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
158 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
159 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
160 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
161 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
162 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
163 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
164 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
167 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
168 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
169 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
170 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
171 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
177 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
178 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
179 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
180 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
181 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
182 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
183 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
184 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
188 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
189 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
190 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
191 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
192 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
194 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
195 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
196 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
198 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
201 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
202 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
203 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
204 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
207 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
208 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
209 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
210 be modified accordingly.
213 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
214 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
215 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
221 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
222 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
225 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
226 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
229 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
230 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
231 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
238 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
239 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
243 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
244 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
245 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
248 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
249 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
250 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
251 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
252 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
255 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
256 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
257 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
258 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
259 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
262 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
263 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
264 configurations may need to be adjusted.
267 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
268 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
269 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
270 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
273 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
274 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
275 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
276 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
279 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
280 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
281 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
282 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
285 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
286 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
287 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
290 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
291 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
292 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
293 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
294 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
295 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
296 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
297 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
298 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
300 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
301 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
302 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
303 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
304 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
307 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
308 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
309 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
310 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
311 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
314 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
315 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
319 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
323 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
324 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
325 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
328 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
329 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
332 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
333 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
337 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
338 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
340 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
343 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
347 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
348 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
351 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
353 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
356 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
357 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
358 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
359 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
360 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
361 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
364 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
365 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
368 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
370 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
373 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
374 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
375 data to /etc/localtime.
378 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
379 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
382 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
383 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
384 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
385 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
386 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
387 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
390 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
391 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
392 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
393 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
394 correctly checking networking state from userland.
395 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
398 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
399 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
400 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
401 follows the IPv4 implementation.
403 For kernel developers:
405 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
406 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
407 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
409 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
410 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
411 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
412 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
414 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
415 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
416 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
417 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
418 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
419 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
420 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
421 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
422 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
423 multicast membership on-link.
424 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
425 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
426 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
428 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
429 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
431 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
432 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
435 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
436 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
437 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
438 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
440 For application developers:
442 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
445 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
446 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
448 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
449 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
450 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
451 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
453 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
454 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
455 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
456 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
457 Multicast Source Filters'.
459 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
461 For systems administrators:
463 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
464 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
465 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
466 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
467 returned by getifaddrs(3).
469 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
470 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
472 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
473 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
474 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
475 recommended for optimal system performance.
477 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
478 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
479 back forwarded datagrams.
481 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
484 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
485 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
488 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
489 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
490 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
491 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
494 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
495 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
496 state will require a world rebuild.
497 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
500 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
501 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
505 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
506 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
507 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
508 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
510 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
513 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
514 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
515 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
516 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
517 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
518 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
519 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
520 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
523 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
524 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
525 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
528 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
529 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
530 introduces some changes:
532 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
533 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
534 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
536 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
537 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
538 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
539 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
541 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
542 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
543 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
546 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
549 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
550 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
554 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
555 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
556 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
557 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
558 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
561 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
562 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
563 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
564 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
568 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
569 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
570 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
571 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
574 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
575 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
578 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
579 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
581 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
582 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
583 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
585 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
586 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
587 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
588 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
589 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
590 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
591 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
592 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
594 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
595 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
596 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
597 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
598 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
599 to preserve the existing behaviour.
601 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
602 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
603 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
604 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
605 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
607 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
608 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
609 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
612 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
613 recompiled to reflect this.
614 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
617 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
618 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
619 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
620 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
621 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
622 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
625 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
626 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
627 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
628 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
629 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
630 raised to allow such segments to be created.
633 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
634 network device driver modules.
637 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
638 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
641 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
642 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
643 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
644 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
645 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
649 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
650 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
651 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
655 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
656 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
658 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
659 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
660 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
663 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
664 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
665 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
666 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
667 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
668 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
670 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
671 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
673 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
674 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
677 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
678 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
679 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
682 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
683 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
684 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
685 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
689 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
690 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
693 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
694 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
695 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
696 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
697 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
698 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
701 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
702 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
703 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
704 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
707 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
708 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
709 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
710 in next mpd5.3 release.
713 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
714 the base system (it was a port).
717 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
718 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
721 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
722 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
723 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
724 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
725 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
726 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
727 none of the L2 information.
730 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
731 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
733 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
735 to their kernel config files when specifying:
739 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
740 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
741 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
742 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
745 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
746 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
747 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
748 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
749 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
753 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
754 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
755 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
756 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
759 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
762 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
763 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
764 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
765 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
766 controller add the following to loader.conf:
772 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
773 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
777 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
778 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
779 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
780 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
781 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
782 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
783 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
786 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
787 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
788 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
789 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
790 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
793 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
799 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
801 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
802 cause compilation to fail.
805 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
808 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
810 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
811 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
812 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
813 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
814 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
815 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
816 accepting the RSA key.
818 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
819 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
822 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
823 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
824 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
828 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
829 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
830 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
832 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
833 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
834 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
835 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
836 use the new device names.
838 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
839 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
840 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
841 at the loader prompt:
843 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
844 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
845 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
846 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
850 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
854 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
855 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
856 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
857 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
860 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
861 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
864 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
865 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
866 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
867 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
868 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
871 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
872 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
873 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
874 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
876 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
879 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
880 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
881 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
882 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
884 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
885 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
886 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
889 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
890 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
891 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
892 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
893 other operation levels.
896 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
897 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
898 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
899 compatibility with any prior release:
901 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
902 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
903 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
906 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
907 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
908 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
909 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
910 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
914 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
915 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
916 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
917 with older hardware easier to do.
920 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
921 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
924 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
925 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
926 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
930 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
934 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
935 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
936 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
937 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
938 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
939 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
940 third-party software might fail to build after this change
941 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
942 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
943 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
944 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
945 case that a portable fix is impossible.
948 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
949 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
950 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
953 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
954 functionality is the default now.
957 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
958 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
959 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
960 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
961 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
963 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
964 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
965 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
968 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
969 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
970 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
971 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
972 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
973 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
974 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
975 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
976 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
977 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
981 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
982 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
984 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
985 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
986 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
992 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
993 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
996 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
997 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
998 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
999 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
1000 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
1003 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
1004 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
1005 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
1006 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
1010 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
1011 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
1012 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
1015 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
1016 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
1017 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
1020 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
1021 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
1022 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
1023 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
1024 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
1027 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
1028 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
1029 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
1030 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
1031 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
1032 will change after some settling time.
1035 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
1036 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
1040 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
1041 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1045 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
1046 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
1047 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
1048 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
1051 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
1052 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
1053 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
1054 the IPv4 network stack.
1056 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
1057 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
1058 has now been removed.
1060 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
1061 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
1062 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
1063 updated to reflect this.
1065 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
1066 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
1070 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1071 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1072 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1073 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1074 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1075 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1076 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1077 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1078 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1079 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1083 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1084 function and starts providing an account management function.
1085 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1086 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1087 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1089 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1091 and change it according to this example:
1093 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1095 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1096 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1097 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1098 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1101 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1102 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1103 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1104 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1107 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1108 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1109 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1110 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1111 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1112 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1116 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1117 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1118 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1119 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1120 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1121 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1122 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1124 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1125 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1126 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1129 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1130 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1131 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1132 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1135 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1136 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1139 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1140 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1141 base operating system should be recompiled.
1144 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1145 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1146 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1147 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1148 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1151 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1152 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1153 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1154 deprecated in previous releases.
1155 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1156 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1159 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1160 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1161 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1162 sync. For more info:
1163 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1166 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1167 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1168 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1169 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1172 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1173 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1174 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1175 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1176 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1177 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1178 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1179 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1180 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1183 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1184 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1185 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1186 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1187 ip_mroute.ko module.
1190 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1191 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1192 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1194 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1195 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1196 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1199 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1200 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1201 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1202 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1203 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1207 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1208 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1209 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1210 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1211 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1214 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1215 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1216 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1217 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1220 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1221 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1222 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1223 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1227 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1228 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1229 with exceptions of followings:
1230 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1231 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1232 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1233 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1234 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1235 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1236 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1237 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1240 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1241 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1242 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1243 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1244 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1245 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1247 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1249 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1250 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1251 the array the same way you built it originally.
1254 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1255 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1256 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1257 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1258 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1259 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1260 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1263 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1264 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1265 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1266 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1267 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1270 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1271 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1272 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1273 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1274 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1277 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1278 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1279 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1280 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1281 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1282 added to 'struct proc'.
1285 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1288 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1289 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1290 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1291 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1292 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1295 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1298 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1299 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1300 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1303 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1306 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1307 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1308 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1311 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1312 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1313 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1314 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1315 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1318 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1319 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1320 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1321 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1324 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1325 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1329 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1330 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1331 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1332 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1333 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1336 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1337 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1338 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1339 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1340 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1341 `make installworld' with:
1343 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1345 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1346 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1347 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1348 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1351 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1352 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1353 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1354 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1358 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1359 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1360 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1361 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1362 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1363 implements the interface to support it.
1366 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1367 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1368 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1369 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1373 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1374 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1375 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1376 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1377 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1378 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1379 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1380 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1381 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1383 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1386 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1387 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1390 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1391 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1392 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1393 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1397 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1398 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1399 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1402 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1403 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1406 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1407 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1408 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1409 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1410 on your next install.
1411 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1412 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1413 to your /etc/make.conf.
1416 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1417 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1418 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1421 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1422 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1423 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1426 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1427 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1430 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1431 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1432 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1433 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1436 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1437 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1438 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1441 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1442 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1443 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1447 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1448 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1449 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1450 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1451 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1452 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1453 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1454 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1457 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1458 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1459 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1462 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1463 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1466 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1467 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1470 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1471 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1472 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1475 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1476 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1477 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1478 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1479 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1480 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1484 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1485 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1488 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1489 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1492 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1493 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1494 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1495 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1499 RELENG_6 branched here.
1502 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1503 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1504 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1505 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1506 removable_interfaces.
1509 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1510 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1511 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1512 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1513 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1514 affect existing configurations.
1517 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1518 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1519 updated to the new APIs.
1522 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1523 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1524 will not behave correctly.
1526 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1527 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1528 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1531 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1532 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1533 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1534 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1535 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1537 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1538 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1542 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1543 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1546 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1547 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1548 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1549 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1550 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1551 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1552 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1555 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1556 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1557 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1558 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1561 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1562 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1563 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1566 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1567 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1568 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1572 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1573 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1574 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1575 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1578 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1579 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1580 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1581 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1582 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1583 none at this point.)
1586 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1587 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1590 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1591 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1592 with the new kernel.
1595 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1596 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1597 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1600 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1601 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1602 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1603 if you have updated the kernel.
1605 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1606 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1607 mounting the new volume.
1610 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1611 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1612 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1613 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1616 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1617 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1620 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1621 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1622 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1623 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1624 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1625 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1628 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1629 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1630 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1631 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1632 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1635 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1636 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1637 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1638 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1639 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1640 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1641 and wlan_xauth as required.
1644 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1645 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1646 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1647 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1651 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1652 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1653 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1654 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1655 the module when a wep key is configured).
1658 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1659 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1660 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1663 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1664 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1667 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1668 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1669 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1670 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1671 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1672 their /etc/rc scripts.
1675 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1678 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1679 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1680 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1683 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1684 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1685 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1688 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1689 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1695 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1696 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1697 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1698 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1699 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1700 on the -current branch).
1702 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1703 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1704 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1705 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1706 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1707 page for more details.
1709 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1710 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1711 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1712 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1713 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1718 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1721 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1722 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1724 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1726 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1727 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1728 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1730 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1734 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1735 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1736 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1738 make kernel-toolchain
1739 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1740 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1742 To test a kernel once
1743 ---------------------
1744 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1745 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1746 debugging information) run
1747 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1748 nextboot -k testkernel
1750 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1751 --------------------------------------------------------------
1752 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1753 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1754 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1756 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1757 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1758 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1763 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1765 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1766 -----------------------------------------------------------
1767 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1768 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1770 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1772 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1774 <reboot in single user> [3]
1782 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1783 --------------------------------------------------
1784 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1785 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1786 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1789 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1792 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1793 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1794 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1795 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1796 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1797 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1798 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1799 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1800 <reboot into current>
1801 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1802 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1806 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1807 ----------------------------------------------
1808 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1810 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1812 <reboot in single user> [3]
1819 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1820 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1821 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1822 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1823 the UPDATING entries.
1825 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1826 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1827 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1828 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1829 much fewer pitfalls.
1831 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1832 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1835 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1840 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1841 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1842 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1844 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1845 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1846 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1847 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1848 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1849 for potential gotchas.
1851 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1852 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1853 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1854 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1855 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1856 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1858 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1859 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1860 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1862 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1863 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1864 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1865 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1866 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1868 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1869 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1871 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1872 cvs prune empty directories.
1874 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1875 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1876 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1878 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1879 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1880 warn if it is improperly defined.
1883 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1884 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1885 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 16, 2004.
1886 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1887 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1889 Copyright information:
1891 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1893 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1894 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1895 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1897 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1898 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1899 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1900 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1901 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1902 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1903 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1904 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1905 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1906 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1907 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1909 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1912 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of