1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
18 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
19 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
21 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
23 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
26 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
28 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
31 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
34 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
36 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
39 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
40 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
44 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
47 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
48 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
49 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
50 since it was bumped so recently.
53 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
54 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
55 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
56 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
59 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
60 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
61 requires a clean build.
64 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
65 instructions can be found at
66 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
67 and other documents in that repo.
70 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
71 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
72 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
73 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
76 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
77 may be installed from ports or packages.
80 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
81 See ping(8) for details.
84 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
85 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
86 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
88 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
89 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
90 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
91 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
92 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
95 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
96 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
97 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
98 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
99 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
103 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
104 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
105 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
106 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
108 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
109 command you want to un-auger the tree is
112 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
113 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
116 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
117 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
118 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
119 unless you want to use new features.
121 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
122 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
123 rebuilding world may fail.
125 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
126 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
128 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
129 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
130 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
131 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
134 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
135 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
136 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
137 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
140 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
141 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
145 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
146 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
149 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
150 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
151 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
152 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
155 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
156 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
157 from sources, so a version bump was done.
160 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
161 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
162 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
163 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
166 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
167 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
168 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
169 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
170 continue to function.
172 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
173 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
174 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
175 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
178 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
179 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
180 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
181 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
182 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
183 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
184 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
187 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
188 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
191 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
192 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
193 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
196 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
197 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
198 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
199 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
201 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
202 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
203 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
204 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
208 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
209 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
210 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
211 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
214 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
215 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
218 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
219 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
220 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
221 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
222 be functional without closefrom(2).
225 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
226 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
227 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
228 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
229 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
230 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
233 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
234 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
235 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
236 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
239 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
240 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
241 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
244 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
247 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
248 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
249 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
252 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
253 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
256 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
257 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
258 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
262 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
263 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
267 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
268 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
269 together with their new kernel.
272 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
273 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
274 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
276 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
277 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
280 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
284 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
285 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
286 external toolchain package.
289 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
290 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
291 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
292 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
293 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
296 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
297 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
298 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
299 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
302 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
303 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
304 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
308 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
311 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
312 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
313 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
314 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
317 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
318 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
319 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
322 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
323 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
324 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
325 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
326 differences between those included in the port and those included in
327 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
328 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
329 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
332 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
333 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
337 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
338 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
339 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
340 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
341 add superio to the set.
344 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
345 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
348 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
349 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
350 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
351 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
352 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
353 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
354 completely in the future.
357 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
358 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
359 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
360 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
361 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
362 will be removed from the list.
365 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
366 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
367 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
368 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
371 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
372 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
373 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
374 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
377 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
378 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
379 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
380 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
383 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
384 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
385 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
388 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
389 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
390 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
391 your scripts, because they had no effect.
393 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
394 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
395 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
396 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
397 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
400 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
401 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
402 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
403 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
404 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
405 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
406 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
409 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
410 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
411 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
412 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
415 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
416 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
417 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
418 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
421 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
422 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
423 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
426 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
427 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
428 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
429 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
430 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
431 avoid running into the limit.
434 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
435 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
438 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
439 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
440 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
441 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
442 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
443 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
446 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
447 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
450 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
451 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
452 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
453 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
454 availability properties.
456 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
457 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
458 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
459 initial condition, if desired.
461 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
462 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
464 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
465 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
466 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
467 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
470 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
471 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
472 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
473 therefore unblocked).
476 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
477 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
478 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
479 is added to the command line.
480 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
481 not affected and should continue to work.
484 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
485 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
486 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
487 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
490 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
491 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
492 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
496 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
497 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
501 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
502 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
503 migrating to the drm ports.
506 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
507 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
508 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
509 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
510 is loaded automatically.
513 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
514 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
515 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
519 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
520 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
521 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
522 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
525 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
526 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
527 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
528 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
529 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
533 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
534 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
535 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
537 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
538 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
540 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
541 removed from the mips port.
544 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
545 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
546 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
550 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
551 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
554 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
555 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
556 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
557 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
560 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
561 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
562 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
565 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
566 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
567 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
571 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
572 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
573 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
575 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
576 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
577 being included using the command:
581 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
582 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
585 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
586 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
587 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
588 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
589 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
590 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
591 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
592 that as you will get better support.
594 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
595 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
596 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
597 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
599 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
600 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
601 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
602 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
606 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
607 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
608 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
609 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
610 be adjusted as necessary.
613 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
614 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
615 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
616 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
619 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
620 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
621 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
622 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
626 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
627 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
628 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
629 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
633 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
634 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
635 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
636 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
637 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
638 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
641 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
642 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
643 default since FreeBSD-11.
646 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
647 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
648 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
651 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
652 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
653 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
654 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
655 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
656 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
657 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
659 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
660 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
663 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
664 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
665 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
666 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
667 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
668 may not be observed in a future release.
671 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
672 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
676 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
677 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
678 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
679 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
682 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
683 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
684 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
685 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
689 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
690 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
691 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
694 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
695 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
696 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
697 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
698 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
701 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
702 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
703 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
704 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
705 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
706 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
709 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
710 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
711 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
715 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
716 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
717 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
720 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
721 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
722 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
723 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
724 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
725 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
726 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
727 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
728 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
729 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
733 Big endian arm support has been removed.
736 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
737 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
738 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
739 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
740 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
743 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
744 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
745 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
746 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
747 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
748 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
751 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
752 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
755 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
756 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
757 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
758 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
759 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
760 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
761 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
764 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
765 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
766 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
770 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
771 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
772 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
776 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
777 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
780 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
781 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
785 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
786 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
787 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
788 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
791 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
792 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
793 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
797 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
798 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
799 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
803 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
804 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
805 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
806 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
807 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
808 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
811 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
812 workaround is necessary.
815 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
816 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
817 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
818 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
821 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
822 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
823 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
824 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
825 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
828 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
829 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
830 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
831 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
834 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
835 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
836 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
840 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
841 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
845 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
846 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
850 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
851 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
852 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
853 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
854 microseconds and time zone offsets.
856 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
857 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
858 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
859 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
860 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
861 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
862 adjustments, depending on the software used.
864 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
865 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
868 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
871 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
872 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
873 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
875 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
877 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
878 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
879 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
880 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
881 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
882 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
883 thus expected to continue to function as before.
885 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
889 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
890 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
891 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
894 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
895 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
896 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
897 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
898 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
899 should be as simple as:
901 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
902 $ make depend all install
905 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
906 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
907 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
908 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
909 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
910 provisions for backup boot methods.
913 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
914 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
915 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
919 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
920 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
921 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
925 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
926 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
927 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
929 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
930 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
933 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
934 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
935 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
936 remove it from kernel config files.
939 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
940 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
941 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
943 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
944 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
947 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
948 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
949 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
950 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
953 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
954 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
957 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
958 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
959 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
960 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
963 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
964 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
965 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
966 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
967 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
968 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
971 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
972 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
973 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
976 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
977 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
978 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
979 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
980 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
983 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
984 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
985 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
986 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
987 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
991 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
992 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
993 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
994 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
995 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
996 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
997 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
998 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
999 than hardcoding paths.
1002 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1003 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1004 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1007 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1008 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1009 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1010 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1013 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1014 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1017 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1018 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1019 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1020 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1023 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1024 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1025 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1026 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1027 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1030 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1031 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1032 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1033 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1037 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1038 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1039 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1040 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1041 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1044 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1045 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1048 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1049 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1053 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1054 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1058 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1059 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1060 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1061 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1063 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1064 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1065 sandbox if successful.
1067 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1068 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1069 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1070 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1071 an unprivileged user.
1074 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1075 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1076 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1077 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1078 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1079 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1080 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1081 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1082 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1083 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1084 to which you should answer yes.
1087 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1088 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1089 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1090 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1091 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1094 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1095 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1096 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1099 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1100 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1103 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1104 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1105 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1106 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1107 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1108 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1109 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1112 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1113 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1114 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1115 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1116 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1117 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1120 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1121 if you require the GPL compiler.
1124 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1125 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1126 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1129 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1130 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1131 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1135 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1136 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1137 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1138 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1139 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1140 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1143 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1144 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1145 which only require one chipset support.
1147 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1151 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1152 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1153 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1155 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1156 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1159 * load the chip modules in question
1160 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1162 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1163 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1165 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1168 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1169 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1170 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1172 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1173 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1174 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1176 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1177 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1178 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1179 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1180 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1181 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1182 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1183 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1186 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1187 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1188 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1191 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1192 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1193 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1196 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1197 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1198 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1199 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1200 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1201 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1202 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1205 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1206 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1207 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1208 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1211 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1212 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1213 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1216 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1217 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1218 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1221 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1222 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1224 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1225 via one of the following methods:
1226 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1227 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1228 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1229 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1231 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1234 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1235 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1236 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1237 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1241 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1242 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1243 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1244 be prefixed with colon.
1247 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1248 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1249 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1252 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1253 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1254 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1257 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1258 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1259 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1263 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1267 MCA bus support has been removed.
1270 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1271 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1274 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1275 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1278 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1279 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1280 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1284 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1285 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1286 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1289 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1290 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1291 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1294 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1295 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1296 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1299 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1300 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1301 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1302 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1305 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1306 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1308 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1309 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1312 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1313 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1314 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1318 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1319 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1320 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1323 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1324 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1327 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1328 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1329 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1330 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1333 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1334 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1335 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1336 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1337 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1340 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1343 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1344 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1345 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1346 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1349 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1350 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1351 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1355 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1356 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1357 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1358 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1359 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1363 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1364 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1367 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1370 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1371 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1372 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1373 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1374 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1375 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1379 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1380 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1381 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1382 previously contained a line like
1383 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1384 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1385 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1389 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1390 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1391 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1392 built with the old headers.
1395 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1396 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1397 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1398 installing a new libc.
1401 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1402 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1403 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1404 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1405 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1406 packages will be needed.
1408 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1409 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1410 and the install steps.
1413 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1414 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1415 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1416 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1417 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1418 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1421 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1422 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1423 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1424 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1425 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1427 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1428 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1429 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1430 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1431 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1433 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1434 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1435 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1436 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1437 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1438 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1441 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1442 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1443 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1444 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1445 quirks entry to 0x3.
1448 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1449 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1450 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1453 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1454 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1457 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1458 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1459 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1460 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1461 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1462 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1463 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1464 stale .depend files.
1467 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1468 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1469 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1473 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1474 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1475 make -C sys/boot install
1476 <reboot in single user>
1478 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1482 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1483 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1484 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1487 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1488 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1489 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1490 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1491 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1492 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1495 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1496 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1497 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1498 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1499 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1502 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1503 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1504 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1505 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1506 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1509 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1510 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1513 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1514 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1515 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1518 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1519 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1520 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1524 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1525 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1526 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1527 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1528 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1529 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1532 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1533 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1534 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1535 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1539 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1540 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1541 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1544 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1545 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1546 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1548 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1549 collation results will be different.
1551 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1552 locales before running make installworld.
1554 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1557 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1558 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1561 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1562 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1563 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1566 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1567 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1568 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1569 and 'make -N' will not.
1572 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1573 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1574 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1575 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1576 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1577 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1578 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1579 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1582 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1583 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1584 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1585 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1588 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1589 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1590 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1593 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1594 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1595 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1596 userland debug files.
1598 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1599 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1600 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1602 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1603 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1606 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1607 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1608 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1609 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1610 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1611 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1614 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1615 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1616 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1619 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1620 them, the kernel must have
1623 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1625 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1626 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1627 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1628 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1630 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1631 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1634 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1635 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1636 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1639 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1640 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1641 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1642 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1644 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1645 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1646 difference with this change.
1648 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1649 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1650 remove that workaround.
1653 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1654 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1655 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1658 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1661 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1662 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1663 loader.rc.local instead.
1666 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1667 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1668 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1671 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1672 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1673 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1675 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1676 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1679 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1680 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1681 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1682 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1683 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1684 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1685 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1686 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1687 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1688 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1689 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1690 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1693 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1694 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1696 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1697 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1698 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1700 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1701 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1703 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1704 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1705 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1707 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1708 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1709 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1710 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1712 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1713 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1714 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1715 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1717 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1718 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1719 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1720 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1721 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1722 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1723 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1724 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1728 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1729 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1732 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1733 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1736 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1737 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1738 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1739 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1740 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1743 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1744 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1745 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1746 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1749 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1750 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1751 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1752 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1753 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1754 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1755 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1757 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1758 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1759 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1760 replace it with '2'.
1761 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1762 a file path, create a new file with:
1763 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1764 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1765 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1766 5. Restart sendmail:
1767 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1769 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1773 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1774 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1775 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1776 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1779 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1782 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1783 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1784 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1787 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1788 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1791 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1792 same but content is different now
1793 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1794 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1795 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1796 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1797 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1800 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1801 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1802 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1805 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1806 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1809 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1810 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1813 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1814 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1815 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1818 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1819 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1820 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1821 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1824 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1825 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1826 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1829 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1830 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1831 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1832 kernel before rebooting.
1835 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1836 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1837 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1838 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1839 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1840 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1843 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1844 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1845 with the new kernel.
1848 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1849 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1850 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1853 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1854 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1855 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1856 are not already using 3.5.0.
1859 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1860 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1861 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1862 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1863 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1866 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1867 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1868 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1869 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1872 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1873 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1876 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1878 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1879 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1880 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1881 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1882 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1883 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1886 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1887 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1890 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1891 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1892 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1893 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1895 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1896 the instructions for 9.x above.
1898 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1899 default, and do not build clang.
1901 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1902 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1903 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1905 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1906 the following are most likely to appear:
1910 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1911 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1912 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1913 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1914 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1915 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1916 cast, or disable the warning.
1918 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1919 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1920 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1921 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1924 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1925 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1927 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1928 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1929 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1930 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1932 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1933 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1934 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1935 unreachable could be optimized away.
1938 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1939 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1940 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1941 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1942 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1943 the utilities will report errors.
1946 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1947 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1948 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1949 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1950 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1954 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1955 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1958 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1959 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1960 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1963 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1964 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1965 indicate what you need to do.
1967 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1968 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1969 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1971 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1972 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1976 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1977 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1981 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1982 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1986 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1990 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1991 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1992 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1993 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1994 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1995 their next update cycle.
1998 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1999 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2000 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2001 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2005 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2006 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2009 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2010 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2011 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2012 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2013 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2017 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2018 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2020 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2023 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2024 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2025 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2026 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2030 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2031 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2035 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2036 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2037 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2038 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2039 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2042 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2043 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2044 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2047 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2048 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2049 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2052 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2053 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2054 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2055 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2056 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2057 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2058 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2059 "make installworld".
2061 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2062 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2063 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2066 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2067 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2068 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2069 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2070 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2073 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2076 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2077 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2081 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2082 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2083 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2084 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2085 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2086 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2087 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2088 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2089 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2090 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2091 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2092 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2094 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2095 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2096 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2100 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2101 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2104 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2105 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2106 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2107 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2108 build hosts for older releases.
2110 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2111 r276991, respectively.
2114 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2115 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2116 will silently lack HESIOD.
2119 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2120 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2121 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2122 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2123 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2124 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2125 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2126 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2127 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2128 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2129 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2130 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2133 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2134 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2135 with command line option -W.
2138 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2139 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2140 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2141 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2142 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2145 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2148 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2149 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2152 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2153 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2154 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2155 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2156 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2159 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2160 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2161 kernel is still highly recommended.
2164 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2165 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2166 capability mode support in kernel.
2169 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2170 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2171 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2172 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2173 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2176 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2177 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2178 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2179 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2180 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2181 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2184 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2185 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2186 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2187 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2188 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2189 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2190 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2191 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2192 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2195 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2196 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2197 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2198 should change your settings to use the latter.
2201 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2202 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2203 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2204 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2205 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2208 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2209 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2210 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2212 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2214 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2217 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2224 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2225 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2226 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2227 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2228 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2229 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2230 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2231 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2233 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2234 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2235 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2236 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2237 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2238 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2239 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2240 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2243 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2244 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2245 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2246 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2249 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2250 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2251 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2252 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2254 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2255 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2256 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2257 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2258 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2259 should write them with this in mind.
2263 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2266 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2267 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2269 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2271 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2272 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2273 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2274 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2277 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2281 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2282 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2283 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2285 make kernel-toolchain
2286 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2287 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2289 To test a kernel once
2290 ---------------------
2291 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2292 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2293 debugging information) run
2294 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2295 nextboot -k testkernel
2297 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2298 -----------------------------------------------------------
2299 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2300 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2302 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2304 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2305 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2307 <reboot in single user> [3]
2314 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2315 --------------------------------------------------
2316 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2317 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2318 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2321 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2324 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2325 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2326 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2327 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2328 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2329 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2330 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2331 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2332 <reboot into current>
2333 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2334 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2338 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2339 ----------------------------------------------
2340 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2342 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2343 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2345 <reboot in single user> [3]
2352 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2353 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2354 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2355 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2356 the UPDATING entries.
2358 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2359 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2360 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2361 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2362 much fewer pitfalls.
2364 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2365 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2366 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2367 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2368 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2369 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2370 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2371 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2373 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2375 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2379 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2380 cd src # full path to source
2381 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2382 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2383 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2385 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2386 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2387 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2388 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2389 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2390 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2391 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2393 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2394 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2395 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2396 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2397 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2398 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2400 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2401 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2402 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2404 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2405 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2406 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2407 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2408 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2409 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2410 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2411 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2413 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2414 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2415 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2418 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2419 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2420 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2422 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2423 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2424 warn if it is improperly defined.
2427 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2428 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2429 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2430 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2431 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2433 Copyright information:
2435 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2437 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2438 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2439 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2441 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2442 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2443 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2444 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2445 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2446 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2447 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2448 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2449 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2450 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2451 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2453 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of