1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
16 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
17 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
18 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
21 12.3-RELEASE-p6 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
26 Out of bounds read in elf_note_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
28 AIO credential reference count leak [SA-22:10.aio]
30 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
32 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
35 12.3-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap
36 FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve
37 FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl
38 FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid
41 Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap [SA-22:04.netmap]
43 Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write [SA-22:05.bhyve]
45 mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write [SA-22:06.ioctl]
47 802.11 heap buffer overflow [SA-22:07.wifi_meshid]
49 zlib compression out-of-bounds write [SA-22:08.zlib]
52 12.3-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata
54 Timezone database information update. [EN-22:14.tzdata]
57 12.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update
59 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
61 freebsd-update creating erroneous boot environments [FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update]
63 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
65 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
68 12.3-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
70 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
73 12.3-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
74 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
76 FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias
79 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
81 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
83 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
85 Fix fragmented UDP packets handling [FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias]
87 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
93 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
94 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
95 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
96 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
99 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
100 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
101 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
102 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
103 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
104 to update your sources past the above hash and do
107 % sudo -E make install
108 to enable building kernels again.
111 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
112 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
115 Commit 6ae32cc8182f changed the internal KAPI between the krpc and
116 nfsd modules. As such, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
117 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1202508.
120 Commit e9959506d2cc changed the internal KAPI between the
121 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
122 rebuilt from sources.
125 Commit 0a1fdb867c72 changed the internal KAPI between
126 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
127 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
128 Without this patch, NFSv4.1 mounts should not
129 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
130 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
133 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
134 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
135 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
137 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
138 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
139 for improved performance.
141 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
142 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
145 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
146 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
147 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
148 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
151 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
152 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
153 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
154 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
157 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
158 re-enable it for the entire system with the
159 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
161 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
162 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
163 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
164 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
167 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
168 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
169 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
170 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
171 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
172 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
175 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
176 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
177 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
178 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
181 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
182 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
183 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
184 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
185 differences between those included in the port and those included in
186 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
187 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
188 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
191 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
192 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
193 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
194 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
197 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
198 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
199 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
200 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
201 add superio to the set.
204 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
205 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
206 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
207 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
208 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
209 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
212 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
213 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
214 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
215 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
218 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
219 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
220 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
221 your scripts, because they had no effect.
223 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
224 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
225 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
226 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
227 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
230 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
231 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
232 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
233 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
236 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
237 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
238 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
239 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
240 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
241 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
242 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
245 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
246 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
247 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
248 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
251 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
252 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
253 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
256 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
257 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
258 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
262 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
263 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
264 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
267 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
268 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
269 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
273 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
274 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
278 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
279 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
280 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
281 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
282 is loaded automatically.
285 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
286 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
287 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
288 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
289 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
293 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
294 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
295 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
296 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
299 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
300 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
301 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
302 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
306 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
310 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
311 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
314 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
315 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
316 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
317 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
318 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
319 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
320 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
321 that as you will get better support.
323 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
324 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
325 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
326 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
328 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
329 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
330 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
331 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
335 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
336 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
337 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
338 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
339 be adjusted as necessary.
342 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
343 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
344 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
345 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
348 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
349 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
350 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
351 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
355 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
356 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
357 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
358 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
362 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
363 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
364 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
365 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
366 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
367 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
370 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
371 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
372 default since FreeBSD-11.
375 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
376 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
377 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
380 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
381 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
382 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
383 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
384 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
385 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
386 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
388 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
389 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
392 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
393 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
394 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
395 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
396 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
397 may not be observed in a future release.
400 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
401 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
405 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
406 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
407 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
408 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
411 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
412 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
413 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
414 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
418 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
419 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
420 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
423 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
424 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
425 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
426 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
427 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
430 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
431 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
432 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
433 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
434 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
435 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
438 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
439 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
440 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
444 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
445 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
446 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
449 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
450 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
451 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
452 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
453 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
454 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
455 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
456 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
457 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
458 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
462 Big endian arm support has been removed.
465 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
466 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
467 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
468 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
469 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
472 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
473 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
474 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
475 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
476 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
477 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
480 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
481 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
484 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
485 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
486 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
487 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
488 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
489 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
490 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
493 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
494 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
495 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
499 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
500 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
501 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
504 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
505 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
508 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
509 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
513 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
514 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
515 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
516 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
519 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
520 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
521 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
525 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
526 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
527 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
531 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
532 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
533 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
534 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
535 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
536 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
539 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
540 workaround is necessary.
543 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
544 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
545 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
546 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
549 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
550 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
551 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
552 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
553 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
556 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
557 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
558 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
559 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
562 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
563 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
564 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
568 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
569 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
573 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
574 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
578 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
579 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
580 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
581 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
582 microseconds and time zone offsets.
584 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
585 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
586 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
587 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
588 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
589 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
590 adjustments, depending on the software used.
592 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
593 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
596 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
599 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
600 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
601 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
603 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
605 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
606 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
607 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
608 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
609 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
610 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
611 thus expected to continue to function as before.
613 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
617 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
618 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
619 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
622 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
623 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
624 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
625 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
626 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
627 should be as simple as:
629 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
630 $ make depend all install
633 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
634 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
635 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
636 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
637 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
638 provisions for backup boot methods.
641 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
642 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
643 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
646 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
647 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
648 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
652 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
653 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
654 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
656 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
657 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
660 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
661 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
662 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
663 from kernel config files.
666 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
667 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
668 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
670 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
671 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
674 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
675 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
676 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
677 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
680 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
681 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
684 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
685 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
686 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
687 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
690 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
691 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
692 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
693 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
694 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
695 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
698 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
699 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
700 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
703 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
704 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
705 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
706 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
707 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
710 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
711 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
712 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
713 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
714 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
718 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
719 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
720 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
721 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
722 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
723 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
724 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
725 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
726 than hardcoding paths.
729 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
730 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
731 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
734 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
735 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
736 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
737 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
740 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
741 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
744 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
745 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
746 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
747 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
750 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
751 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
752 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
753 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
754 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
757 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
758 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
759 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
760 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
764 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
765 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
766 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
767 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
768 soft-float everything else should be affected.
771 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
772 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
775 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
776 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
780 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
781 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
785 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
786 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
787 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
788 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
790 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
791 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
792 sandbox if successful.
794 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
795 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
796 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
797 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
798 an unprivileged user.
801 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
802 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
803 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
804 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
805 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
806 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
807 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
808 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
809 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
810 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
811 to which you should answer yes.
814 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
815 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
816 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
817 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
818 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
821 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
822 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
823 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
826 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
827 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
830 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
831 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
832 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
833 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
834 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
835 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
836 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
839 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
840 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
841 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
842 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
843 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
844 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
847 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
848 if you require the GPL compiler.
851 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
852 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
853 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
856 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
857 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
858 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
862 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
863 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
864 from ports (and recommends to install it).
865 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
866 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
867 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
870 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
871 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
872 which only require one chipset support.
874 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
878 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
879 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
880 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
882 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
883 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
886 * load the chip modules in question
887 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
889 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
890 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
892 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
895 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
896 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
897 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
899 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
900 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
901 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
903 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
904 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
905 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
906 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
907 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
911 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
912 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
913 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
916 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
917 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
918 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
921 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
922 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
923 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
924 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
925 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
926 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
927 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
930 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
931 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
932 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
933 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
936 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
937 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
938 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
941 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
942 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
943 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
946 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
947 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
949 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
950 via one of the following methods:
951 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
952 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
953 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
954 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
956 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
959 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
960 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
961 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
962 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
966 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
967 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
968 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
969 be prefixed with colon.
972 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
973 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
974 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
977 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
978 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
979 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
982 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
983 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
984 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
988 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
992 MCA bus support has been removed.
995 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
996 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
999 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1000 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1003 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1004 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1005 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1008 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1009 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1010 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1013 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1014 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1015 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1018 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1019 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1020 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1023 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1024 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1025 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1026 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1029 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1030 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1032 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1033 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1036 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1037 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1038 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1042 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1043 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1044 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1047 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1048 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1051 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1052 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1053 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1054 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1057 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1058 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1059 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1060 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1061 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1064 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1067 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1068 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1069 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1070 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1073 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1074 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1075 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1079 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1080 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1081 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1082 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1083 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1087 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1088 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1091 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1094 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1095 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1096 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1097 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1098 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1099 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1103 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1104 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1105 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1106 previously contained a line like
1107 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1108 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1109 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1113 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1114 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1115 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1116 built with the old headers.
1119 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1120 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1121 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1122 installing a new libc.
1125 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1126 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1127 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1128 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1129 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1130 packages will be needed.
1132 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1133 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1134 and the install steps.
1137 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1138 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1139 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1140 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1141 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1142 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1145 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1146 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1147 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1148 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1149 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1151 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1152 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1153 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1154 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1155 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1157 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1158 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1159 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1160 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1161 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1162 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1165 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1166 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1167 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1168 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1169 quirks entry to 0x3.
1172 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1173 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1174 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1177 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1178 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1181 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1182 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1183 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1184 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1185 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1186 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1187 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1188 stale .depend files.
1191 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1192 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1193 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1197 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1198 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1199 make -C sys/boot install
1200 <reboot in single user>
1202 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1206 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1207 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1208 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1211 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1212 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1213 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1214 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1215 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1216 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1219 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1220 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1221 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1222 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1223 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1226 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1227 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1228 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1229 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1230 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1233 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1234 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1237 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1238 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1239 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1242 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1243 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1244 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1248 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1249 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1250 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1251 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1252 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1253 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1256 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1257 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1258 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1259 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1263 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1264 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1265 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1268 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1269 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1270 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1272 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1273 collation results will be different.
1275 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1276 locales before running make installworld.
1278 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1281 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1282 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1285 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1286 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1287 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1290 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1291 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1292 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1293 and 'make -N' will not.
1296 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1297 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1298 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1299 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1300 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1301 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1302 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1303 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1306 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1307 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1308 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1309 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1312 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1313 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1314 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1317 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1318 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1319 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1320 userland debug files.
1322 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1323 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1324 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1326 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1327 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1330 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1331 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1332 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1333 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1334 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1335 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1338 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1339 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1340 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1343 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1344 them, the kernel must have
1347 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1349 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1350 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1351 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1352 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1354 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1355 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1358 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1359 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1360 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1363 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1364 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1365 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1366 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1368 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1369 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1370 difference with this change.
1372 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1373 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1374 remove that workaround.
1377 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1378 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1379 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1382 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1385 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1386 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1387 loader.rc.local instead.
1390 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1391 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1392 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1395 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1396 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1397 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1399 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1400 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1403 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1404 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1405 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1406 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1407 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1408 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1409 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1410 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1411 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1412 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1413 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1414 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1417 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1418 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1420 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1421 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1422 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1424 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1425 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1427 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1428 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1429 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1431 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1432 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1433 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1434 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1436 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1437 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1438 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1439 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1441 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1442 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1443 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1444 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1445 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1446 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1447 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1448 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1452 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1453 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1456 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1457 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1460 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1461 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1462 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1463 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1464 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1467 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1468 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1469 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1470 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1473 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1474 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1475 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1476 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1477 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1478 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1479 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1481 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1482 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1483 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1484 replace it with '2'.
1485 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1486 a file path, create a new file with:
1487 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1488 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1489 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1490 5. Restart sendmail:
1491 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1493 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1497 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1498 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1499 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1500 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1503 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1506 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1507 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1508 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1511 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1512 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1515 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1516 same but content is different now
1517 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1518 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1519 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1520 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1521 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1524 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1525 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1526 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1529 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1530 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1533 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1534 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1537 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1538 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1539 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1542 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1543 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1544 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1545 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1548 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1549 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1550 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1553 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1554 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1555 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1556 kernel before rebooting.
1559 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1560 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1561 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1562 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1563 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1564 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1567 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1568 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1569 with the new kernel.
1572 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1573 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1574 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1577 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1578 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1579 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1580 are not already using 3.5.0.
1583 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1584 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1585 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1586 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1587 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1590 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1591 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1592 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1593 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1596 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1597 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1600 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1602 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1603 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1604 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1605 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1606 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1607 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1610 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1611 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1614 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1615 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1616 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1617 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1619 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1620 the instructions for 9.x above.
1622 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1623 default, and do not build clang.
1625 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1626 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1627 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1629 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1630 the following are most likely to appear:
1634 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1635 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1636 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1637 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1638 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1639 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1640 cast, or disable the warning.
1642 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1643 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1644 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1645 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1648 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1649 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1651 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1652 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1653 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1654 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1656 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1657 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1658 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1659 unreachable could be optimized away.
1662 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1663 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1664 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1665 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1666 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1667 the utilities will report errors.
1670 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1671 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1672 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1673 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1674 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1678 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1679 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1682 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1683 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1684 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1687 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1688 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1689 indicate what you need to do.
1691 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1692 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1693 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1695 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1696 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1700 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1701 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1705 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1706 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1710 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1714 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1715 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1716 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1717 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1718 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1719 their next update cycle.
1722 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1723 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1724 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1725 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1729 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1730 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1733 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1734 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1735 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1736 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1737 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1741 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1742 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1744 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1747 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1748 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1749 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1750 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1754 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1755 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1759 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1760 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1761 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1762 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1763 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1766 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1767 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1768 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1771 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1772 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1773 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1776 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1777 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1778 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1779 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1780 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1781 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1782 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1783 "make installworld".
1785 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1786 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1787 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1790 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1791 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1792 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1793 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1794 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1797 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1800 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1801 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1805 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1806 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1807 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1808 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1809 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1810 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1811 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1812 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1813 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1814 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1815 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1816 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1818 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1819 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1820 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1824 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1825 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1828 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1829 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1830 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1831 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1832 build hosts for older releases.
1834 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1835 r276991, respectively.
1838 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1839 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1840 will silently lack HESIOD.
1843 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1844 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1845 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1846 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1847 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1848 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1849 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1850 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1851 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1852 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1853 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1854 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1857 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1858 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1859 with command line option -W.
1862 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1863 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1864 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1865 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1866 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1869 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1872 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1873 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1876 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1877 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1878 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1879 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1880 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1883 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1884 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1885 kernel is still highly recommended.
1888 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1889 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1890 capability mode support in kernel.
1893 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1894 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1895 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1896 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1897 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1900 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1901 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1902 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1903 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1904 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1905 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1908 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1909 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1910 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1911 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1912 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1913 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1914 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1915 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1916 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1919 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1920 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1921 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1922 should change your settings to use the latter.
1925 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1926 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1927 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1928 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1929 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1932 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1933 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1934 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1936 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1938 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1941 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1948 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1949 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1950 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1951 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1952 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1953 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1954 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1956 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1957 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1958 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1959 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1960 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1962 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1963 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1964 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1965 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1966 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1967 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1968 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1969 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1972 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1973 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1974 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1975 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1977 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1978 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1979 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1980 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1981 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1982 should write them with this in mind.
1986 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1989 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1990 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1992 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1994 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1995 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1996 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1998 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2002 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2003 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2004 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2006 make kernel-toolchain
2007 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2008 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2010 To test a kernel once
2011 ---------------------
2012 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2013 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2014 debugging information) run
2015 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2016 nextboot -k testkernel
2018 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2019 -----------------------------------------------------------
2020 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2021 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2023 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2025 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2026 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2028 <reboot in single user> [3]
2035 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2036 --------------------------------------------------
2037 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2038 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2039 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2042 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2045 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2046 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2047 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2048 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2049 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2050 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2051 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2052 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2053 <reboot into current>
2054 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2055 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2059 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2060 ----------------------------------------------
2061 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2063 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2064 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2066 <reboot in single user> [3]
2073 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2074 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2075 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2076 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2077 the UPDATING entries.
2079 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2080 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2081 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2082 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2083 much fewer pitfalls.
2085 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2086 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2089 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2094 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2095 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2096 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2098 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2099 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2100 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2101 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2102 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2103 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2104 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2106 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2107 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2108 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2109 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2110 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2111 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2113 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2114 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2115 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2117 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2118 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2119 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2120 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2121 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2122 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2123 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2125 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2126 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2128 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2129 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2130 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2132 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2133 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2134 warn if it is improperly defined.
2137 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2138 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2139 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2140 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2141 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2143 Copyright information:
2145 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2147 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2148 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2149 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2151 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2152 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2153 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2154 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2155 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2156 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2157 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2158 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2159 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2160 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2161 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2163 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of