1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
15 13.0-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-21:23.virtio_blk
16 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
17 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
18 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
19 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
20 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
21 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
23 Fix virtio_blk(4) failing to attach on some hypervisors. [EN-21:23.virtio_blk]
25 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
27 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
29 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
31 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
33 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
35 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
38 13.0-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:18.libc++
39 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
42 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
44 Missing C++20 headers in libc++ [EN-21:18.libc++]
46 libcasper assertion failure [EN-21:19.libcasper]
48 Missing backwards compatibility in vlan(4) [EN-21:20.vlan]
50 Kernel panic with ipfw link-layer filtering enabled [EN-21:21.ipfw]
52 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
55 13.0-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
57 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
60 13.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert
63 FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio
66 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
68 Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket [FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert]
70 mpt(4) I/O errors with a large maxphys value [FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt]
72 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
74 virtio(4) device probing fails [FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio]
76 dc update [FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc]
78 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
80 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
86 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
87 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
89 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
91 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
94 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
96 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
99 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
102 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
104 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
107 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
108 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
112 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
115 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
116 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
117 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
118 since it was bumped so recently.
121 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
122 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
123 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
124 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
127 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
128 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
129 requires a clean build.
132 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
133 instructions can be found at
134 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
135 and other documents in that repo.
138 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
139 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
140 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
141 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
144 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
145 may be installed from ports or packages.
148 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
149 See ping(8) for details.
152 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
153 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
154 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
156 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
157 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
158 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
159 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
160 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
163 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
164 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
165 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
166 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
167 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
171 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
172 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
173 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
174 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
176 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
177 command you want to un-auger the tree is
180 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
181 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
184 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
185 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
186 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
187 unless you want to use new features.
189 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
190 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
191 rebuilding world may fail.
193 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
194 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
196 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
197 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
198 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
199 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
202 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
203 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
204 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
205 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
208 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
209 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
213 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
214 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
217 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
218 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
219 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
220 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
223 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
224 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
225 from sources, so a version bump was done.
228 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
229 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
230 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
231 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
234 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
235 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
236 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
237 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
238 continue to function.
240 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
241 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
242 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
243 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
246 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
247 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
248 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
249 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
250 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
251 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
252 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
255 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
256 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
259 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
260 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
261 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
264 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
265 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
266 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
267 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
269 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
270 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
271 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
272 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
276 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
277 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
278 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
279 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
282 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
283 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
286 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
287 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
288 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
289 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
290 be functional without closefrom(2).
293 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
294 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
295 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
296 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
297 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
298 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
301 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
302 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
303 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
304 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
307 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
308 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
309 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
312 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
315 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
316 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
317 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
320 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
321 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
324 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
325 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
326 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
330 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
331 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
335 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
336 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
337 together with their new kernel.
340 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
341 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
342 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
344 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
345 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
348 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
352 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
353 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
354 external toolchain package.
357 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
358 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
359 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
360 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
361 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
364 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
365 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
366 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
367 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
370 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
371 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
372 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
376 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
379 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
380 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
381 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
382 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
385 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
386 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
387 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
390 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
391 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
392 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
393 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
394 differences between those included in the port and those included in
395 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
396 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
397 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
400 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
401 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
405 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
406 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
407 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
408 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
409 add superio to the set.
412 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
413 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
416 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
417 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
418 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
419 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
420 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
421 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
422 completely in the future.
425 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
426 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
427 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
428 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
429 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
430 will be removed from the list.
433 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
434 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
435 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
436 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
439 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
440 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
441 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
442 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
445 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
446 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
447 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
448 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
451 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
452 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
453 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
456 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
457 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
458 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
459 your scripts, because they had no effect.
461 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
462 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
463 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
464 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
465 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
468 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
469 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
470 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
471 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
472 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
473 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
474 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
477 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
478 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
479 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
480 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
483 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
484 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
485 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
486 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
489 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
490 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
491 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
494 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
495 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
496 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
497 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
498 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
499 avoid running into the limit.
502 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
503 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
506 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
507 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
508 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
509 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
510 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
511 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
514 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
515 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
518 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
519 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
520 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
521 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
522 availability properties.
524 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
525 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
526 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
527 initial condition, if desired.
529 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
530 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
532 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
533 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
534 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
535 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
538 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
539 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
540 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
541 therefore unblocked).
544 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
545 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
546 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
547 is added to the command line.
548 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
549 not affected and should continue to work.
552 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
553 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
554 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
555 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
558 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
559 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
560 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
564 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
565 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
569 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
570 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
571 migrating to the drm ports.
574 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
575 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
576 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
577 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
578 is loaded automatically.
581 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
582 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
583 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
587 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
588 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
589 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
590 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
593 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
594 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
595 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
596 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
597 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
601 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
602 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
603 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
605 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
606 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
608 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
609 removed from the mips port.
612 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
613 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
614 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
618 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
619 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
622 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
623 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
624 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
625 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
628 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
629 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
630 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
633 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
634 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
635 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
639 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
640 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
641 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
643 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
644 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
645 being included using the command:
649 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
650 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
653 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
654 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
655 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
656 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
657 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
658 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
659 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
660 that as you will get better support.
662 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
663 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
664 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
665 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
667 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
668 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
669 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
670 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
674 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
675 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
676 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
677 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
678 be adjusted as necessary.
681 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
682 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
683 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
684 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
687 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
688 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
689 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
690 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
694 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
695 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
696 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
697 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
701 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
702 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
703 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
704 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
705 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
706 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
709 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
710 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
711 default since FreeBSD-11.
714 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
715 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
716 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
719 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
720 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
721 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
722 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
723 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
724 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
725 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
727 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
728 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
731 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
732 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
733 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
734 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
735 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
736 may not be observed in a future release.
739 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
740 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
744 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
745 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
746 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
747 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
750 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
751 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
752 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
753 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
757 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
758 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
759 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
762 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
763 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
764 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
765 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
766 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
769 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
770 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
771 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
772 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
773 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
774 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
777 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
778 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
779 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
783 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
784 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
785 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
788 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
789 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
790 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
791 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
792 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
793 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
794 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
795 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
796 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
797 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
801 Big endian arm support has been removed.
804 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
805 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
806 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
807 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
808 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
811 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
812 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
813 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
814 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
815 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
816 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
819 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
820 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
823 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
824 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
825 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
826 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
827 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
828 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
829 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
832 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
833 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
834 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
838 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
839 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
840 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
844 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
845 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
848 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
849 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
853 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
854 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
855 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
856 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
859 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
860 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
861 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
865 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
866 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
867 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
871 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
872 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
873 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
874 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
875 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
876 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
879 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
880 workaround is necessary.
883 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
884 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
885 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
886 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
889 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
890 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
891 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
892 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
893 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
896 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
897 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
898 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
899 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
902 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
903 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
904 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
908 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
909 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
913 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
914 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
918 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
919 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
920 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
921 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
922 microseconds and time zone offsets.
924 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
925 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
926 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
927 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
928 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
929 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
930 adjustments, depending on the software used.
932 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
933 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
936 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
939 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
940 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
941 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
943 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
945 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
946 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
947 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
948 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
949 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
950 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
951 thus expected to continue to function as before.
953 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
957 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
958 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
959 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
962 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
963 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
964 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
965 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
966 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
967 should be as simple as:
969 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
970 $ make depend all install
973 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
974 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
975 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
976 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
977 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
978 provisions for backup boot methods.
981 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
982 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
983 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
987 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
988 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
989 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
993 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
994 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
995 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
997 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
998 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1001 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1002 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1003 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1004 remove it from kernel config files.
1007 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1008 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1009 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1011 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1012 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1015 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1016 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1017 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1018 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1021 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1022 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1025 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1026 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1027 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1028 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1031 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1032 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1033 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1034 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1035 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1036 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1039 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1040 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1041 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1044 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1045 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1046 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1047 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1048 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1051 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1052 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1053 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1054 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1055 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1059 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1060 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1061 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1062 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1063 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1064 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1065 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1066 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1067 than hardcoding paths.
1070 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1071 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1072 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1075 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1076 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1077 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1078 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1081 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1082 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1085 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1086 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1087 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1088 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1091 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1092 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1093 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1094 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1095 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1098 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1099 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1100 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1101 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1105 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1106 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1107 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1108 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1109 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1112 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1113 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1116 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1117 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1121 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1122 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1126 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1127 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1128 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1129 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1131 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1132 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1133 sandbox if successful.
1135 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1136 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1137 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1138 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1139 an unprivileged user.
1142 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1143 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1144 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1145 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1146 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1147 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1148 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1149 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1150 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1151 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1152 to which you should answer yes.
1155 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1156 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1157 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1158 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1159 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1162 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1163 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1164 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1167 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1168 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1171 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1172 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1173 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1174 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1175 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1176 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1177 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1180 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1181 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1182 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1183 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1184 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1185 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1188 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1189 if you require the GPL compiler.
1192 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1193 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1194 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1197 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1198 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1199 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1203 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1204 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1205 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1206 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1207 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1208 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1211 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1212 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1213 which only require one chipset support.
1215 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1219 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1220 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1221 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1223 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1224 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1227 * load the chip modules in question
1228 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1230 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1231 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1233 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1236 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1237 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1238 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1240 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1241 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1242 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1244 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1245 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1246 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1247 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1248 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1249 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1250 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1251 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1254 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1255 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1256 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1259 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1260 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1261 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1264 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1265 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1266 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1267 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1268 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1269 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1270 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1273 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1274 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1275 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1276 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1279 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1280 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1281 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1284 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1285 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1286 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1289 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1290 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1292 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1293 via one of the following methods:
1294 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1295 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1296 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1297 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1299 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1302 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1303 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1304 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1305 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1309 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1310 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1311 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1312 be prefixed with colon.
1315 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1316 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1317 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1320 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1321 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1322 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1325 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1326 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1327 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1331 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1335 MCA bus support has been removed.
1338 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1339 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1342 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1343 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1346 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1347 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1348 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1352 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1353 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1354 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1357 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1358 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1359 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1362 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1363 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1364 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1367 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1368 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1369 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1370 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1373 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1374 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1376 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1377 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1380 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1381 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1382 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1386 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1387 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1388 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1391 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1392 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1395 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1396 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1397 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1398 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1401 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1402 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1403 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1404 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1405 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1408 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1411 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1412 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1413 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1414 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1417 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1418 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1419 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1423 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1424 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1425 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1426 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1427 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1431 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1432 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1435 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1438 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1439 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1440 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1441 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1442 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1443 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1447 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1448 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1449 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1450 previously contained a line like
1451 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1452 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1453 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1457 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1458 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1459 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1460 built with the old headers.
1463 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1464 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1465 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1466 installing a new libc.
1469 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1470 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1471 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1472 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1473 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1474 packages will be needed.
1476 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1477 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1478 and the install steps.
1481 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1482 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1483 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1484 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1485 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1486 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1489 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1490 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1491 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1492 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1493 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1495 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1496 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1497 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1498 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1499 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1501 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1502 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1503 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1504 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1505 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1506 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1509 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1510 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1511 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1512 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1513 quirks entry to 0x3.
1516 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1517 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1518 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1521 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1522 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1525 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1526 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1527 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1528 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1529 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1530 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1531 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1532 stale .depend files.
1535 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1536 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1537 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1541 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1542 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1543 make -C sys/boot install
1544 <reboot in single user>
1546 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1550 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1551 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1552 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1555 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1556 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1557 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1558 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1559 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1560 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1563 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1564 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1565 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1566 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1567 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1570 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1571 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1572 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1573 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1574 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1577 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1578 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1581 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1582 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1583 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1586 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1587 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1588 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1592 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1593 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1594 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1595 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1596 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1597 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1600 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1601 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1602 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1603 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1607 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1608 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1609 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1612 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1613 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1614 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1616 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1617 collation results will be different.
1619 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1620 locales before running make installworld.
1622 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1625 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1626 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1629 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1630 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1631 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1634 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1635 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1636 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1637 and 'make -N' will not.
1640 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1641 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1642 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1643 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1644 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1645 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1646 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1647 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1650 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1651 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1652 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1653 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1656 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1657 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1658 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1661 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1662 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1663 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1664 userland debug files.
1666 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1667 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1668 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1670 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1671 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1674 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1675 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1676 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1677 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1678 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1679 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1682 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1683 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1684 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1687 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1688 them, the kernel must have
1691 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1693 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1694 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1695 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1696 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1698 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1699 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1702 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1703 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1704 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1707 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1708 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1709 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1710 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1712 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1713 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1714 difference with this change.
1716 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1717 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1718 remove that workaround.
1721 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1722 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1723 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1726 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1729 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1730 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1731 loader.rc.local instead.
1734 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1735 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1736 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1739 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1740 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1741 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1743 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1744 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1747 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1748 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1749 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1750 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1751 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1752 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1753 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1754 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1755 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1756 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1757 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1758 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1761 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1762 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1764 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1765 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1766 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1768 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1769 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1771 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1772 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1773 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1775 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1776 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1777 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1778 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1780 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1781 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1782 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1783 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1785 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1786 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1787 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1788 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1789 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1790 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1791 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1792 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1796 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1797 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1800 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1801 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1804 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1805 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1806 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1807 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1808 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1811 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1812 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1813 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1814 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1817 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1818 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1819 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1820 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1821 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1822 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1823 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1825 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1826 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1827 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1828 replace it with '2'.
1829 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1830 a file path, create a new file with:
1831 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1832 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1833 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1834 5. Restart sendmail:
1835 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1837 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1841 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1842 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1843 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1844 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1847 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1850 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1851 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1852 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1855 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1856 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1859 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1860 same but content is different now
1861 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1862 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1863 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1864 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1865 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1868 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1869 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1870 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1873 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1874 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1877 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1878 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1881 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1882 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1883 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1886 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1887 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1888 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1889 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1892 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1893 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1894 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1897 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1898 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1899 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1900 kernel before rebooting.
1903 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1904 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1905 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1906 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1907 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1908 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1911 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1912 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1913 with the new kernel.
1916 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1917 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1918 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1921 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1922 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1923 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1924 are not already using 3.5.0.
1927 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1928 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1929 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1930 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1931 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1934 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1935 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1936 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1937 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1940 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1941 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1944 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1946 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1947 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1948 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1949 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1950 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1951 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1954 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1955 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1958 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1959 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1960 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1961 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1963 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1964 the instructions for 9.x above.
1966 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1967 default, and do not build clang.
1969 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1970 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1971 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1973 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1974 the following are most likely to appear:
1978 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1979 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1980 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1981 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1982 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1983 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1984 cast, or disable the warning.
1986 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1987 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1988 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1989 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1992 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1993 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1995 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1996 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1997 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1998 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2000 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2001 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2002 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2003 unreachable could be optimized away.
2006 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2007 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2008 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2009 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2010 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2011 the utilities will report errors.
2014 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2015 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2016 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2017 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2018 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2022 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2023 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2026 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2027 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2028 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2031 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2032 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2033 indicate what you need to do.
2035 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2036 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2037 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2039 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2040 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2044 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2045 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2049 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2050 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2054 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2058 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2059 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2060 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2061 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2062 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2063 their next update cycle.
2066 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2067 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2068 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2069 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2073 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2074 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2077 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2078 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2079 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2080 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2081 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2085 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2086 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2088 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2091 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2092 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2093 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2094 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2098 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2099 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2103 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2104 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2105 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2106 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2107 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2110 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2111 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2112 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2115 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2116 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2117 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2120 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2121 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2122 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2123 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2124 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2125 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2126 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2127 "make installworld".
2129 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2130 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2131 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2134 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2135 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2136 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2137 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2138 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2141 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2144 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2145 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2149 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2150 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2151 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2152 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2153 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2154 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2155 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2156 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2157 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2158 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2159 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2160 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2162 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2163 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2164 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2168 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2169 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2172 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2173 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2174 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2175 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2176 build hosts for older releases.
2178 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2179 r276991, respectively.
2182 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2183 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2184 will silently lack HESIOD.
2187 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2188 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2189 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2190 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2191 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2192 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2193 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2194 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2195 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2196 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2197 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2198 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2201 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2202 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2203 with command line option -W.
2206 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2207 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2208 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2209 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2210 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2213 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2216 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2217 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2220 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2221 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2222 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2223 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2224 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2227 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2228 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2229 kernel is still highly recommended.
2232 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2233 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2234 capability mode support in kernel.
2237 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2238 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2239 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2240 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2241 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2244 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2245 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2246 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2247 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2248 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2249 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2252 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2253 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2254 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2255 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2256 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2257 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2258 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2259 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2260 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2263 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2264 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2265 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2266 should change your settings to use the latter.
2269 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2270 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2271 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2272 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2273 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2276 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2277 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2278 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2280 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2282 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2285 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2292 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2293 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2294 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2295 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2296 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2297 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2298 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2299 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2301 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2302 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2303 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2304 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2305 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2306 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2307 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2308 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2311 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2312 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2313 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2314 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2317 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2318 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2319 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2320 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2322 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2323 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2324 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2325 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2326 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2327 should write them with this in mind.
2331 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2334 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2335 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2337 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2339 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2340 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2341 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2342 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2345 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2349 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2350 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2351 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2353 make kernel-toolchain
2354 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2355 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2357 To test a kernel once
2358 ---------------------
2359 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2360 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2361 debugging information) run
2362 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2363 nextboot -k testkernel
2365 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2366 -----------------------------------------------------------
2367 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2368 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2370 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2372 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2373 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2375 <reboot in single user> [3]
2382 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2383 --------------------------------------------------
2384 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2385 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2386 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2389 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2392 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2393 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2394 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2395 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2396 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2397 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2398 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2399 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2400 <reboot into current>
2401 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2402 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2406 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2407 ----------------------------------------------
2408 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2410 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2411 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2413 <reboot in single user> [3]
2420 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2421 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2422 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2423 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2424 the UPDATING entries.
2426 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2427 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2428 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2429 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2430 much fewer pitfalls.
2432 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2433 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2434 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2435 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2436 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2437 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2438 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2439 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2441 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2443 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2447 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2448 cd src # full path to source
2449 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2450 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2451 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2453 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2454 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2455 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2456 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2457 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2458 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2459 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2461 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2462 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2463 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2464 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2465 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2466 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2468 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2469 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2470 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2472 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2473 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2474 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2475 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2476 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2477 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2478 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2479 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2481 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2482 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2483 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2486 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2487 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2488 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2490 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2491 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2492 warn if it is improperly defined.
2495 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2496 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2497 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2498 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2499 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2501 Copyright information:
2503 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2505 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2506 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2507 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2509 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2510 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2511 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2512 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2513 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2514 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2515 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2516 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2517 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2518 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2519 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2521 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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