1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
15 13.0-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
17 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
20 13.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert
23 FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio
26 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
28 Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket [FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert]
30 mpt(4) I/O errors with a large maxphys value [FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt]
32 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
34 virtio(4) device probing fails [FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio]
36 dc update [FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc]
38 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
40 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
46 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
47 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
49 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
51 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
54 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
56 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
59 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
62 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
64 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
67 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
68 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
72 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
75 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
76 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
77 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
78 since it was bumped so recently.
81 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
82 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
83 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
84 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
87 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
88 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
89 requires a clean build.
92 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
93 instructions can be found at
94 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
95 and other documents in that repo.
98 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
99 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
100 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
101 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
104 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
105 may be installed from ports or packages.
108 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
109 See ping(8) for details.
112 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
113 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
114 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
116 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
117 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
118 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
119 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
120 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
123 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
124 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
125 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
126 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
127 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
131 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
132 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
133 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
134 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
136 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
137 command you want to un-auger the tree is
140 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
141 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
144 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
145 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
146 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
147 unless you want to use new features.
149 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
150 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
151 rebuilding world may fail.
153 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
154 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
156 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
157 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
158 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
159 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
162 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
163 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
164 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
165 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
168 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
169 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
173 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
174 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
177 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
178 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
179 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
180 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
183 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
184 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
185 from sources, so a version bump was done.
188 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
189 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
190 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
191 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
194 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
195 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
196 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
197 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
198 continue to function.
200 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
201 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
202 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
203 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
206 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
207 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
208 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
209 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
210 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
211 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
212 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
215 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
216 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
219 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
220 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
221 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
224 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
225 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
226 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
227 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
229 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
230 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
231 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
232 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
236 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
237 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
238 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
239 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
242 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
243 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
246 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
247 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
248 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
249 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
250 be functional without closefrom(2).
253 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
254 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
255 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
256 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
257 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
258 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
261 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
262 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
263 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
264 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
267 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
268 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
269 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
272 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
275 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
276 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
277 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
280 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
281 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
284 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
285 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
286 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
290 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
291 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
295 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
296 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
297 together with their new kernel.
300 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
301 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
302 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
304 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
305 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
308 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
312 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
313 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
314 external toolchain package.
317 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
318 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
319 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
320 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
321 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
324 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
325 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
326 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
327 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
330 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
331 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
332 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
336 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
339 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
340 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
341 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
342 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
345 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
346 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
347 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
350 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
351 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
352 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
353 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
354 differences between those included in the port and those included in
355 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
356 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
357 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
360 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
361 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
365 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
366 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
367 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
368 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
369 add superio to the set.
372 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
373 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
376 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
377 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
378 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
379 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
380 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
381 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
382 completely in the future.
385 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
386 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
387 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
388 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
389 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
390 will be removed from the list.
393 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
394 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
395 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
396 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
399 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
400 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
401 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
402 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
405 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
406 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
407 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
408 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
411 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
412 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
413 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
416 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
417 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
418 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
419 your scripts, because they had no effect.
421 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
422 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
423 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
424 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
425 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
428 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
429 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
430 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
431 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
432 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
433 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
434 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
437 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
438 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
439 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
440 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
443 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
444 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
445 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
446 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
449 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
450 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
451 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
454 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
455 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
456 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
457 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
458 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
459 avoid running into the limit.
462 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
463 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
466 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
467 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
468 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
469 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
470 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
471 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
474 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
475 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
478 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
479 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
480 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
481 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
482 availability properties.
484 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
485 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
486 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
487 initial condition, if desired.
489 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
490 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
492 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
493 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
494 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
495 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
498 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
499 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
500 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
501 therefore unblocked).
504 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
505 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
506 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
507 is added to the command line.
508 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
509 not affected and should continue to work.
512 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
513 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
514 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
515 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
518 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
519 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
520 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
524 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
525 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
529 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
530 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
531 migrating to the drm ports.
534 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
535 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
536 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
537 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
538 is loaded automatically.
541 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
542 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
543 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
547 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
548 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
549 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
550 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
553 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
554 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
555 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
556 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
557 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
561 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
562 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
563 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
565 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
566 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
568 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
569 removed from the mips port.
572 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
573 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
574 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
578 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
579 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
582 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
583 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
584 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
585 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
588 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
589 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
590 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
593 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
594 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
595 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
599 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
600 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
601 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
603 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
604 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
605 being included using the command:
609 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
610 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
613 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
614 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
615 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
616 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
617 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
618 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
619 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
620 that as you will get better support.
622 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
623 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
624 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
625 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
627 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
628 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
629 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
630 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
634 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
635 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
636 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
637 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
638 be adjusted as necessary.
641 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
642 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
643 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
644 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
647 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
648 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
649 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
650 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
654 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
655 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
656 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
657 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
661 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
662 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
663 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
664 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
665 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
666 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
669 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
670 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
671 default since FreeBSD-11.
674 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
675 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
676 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
679 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
680 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
681 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
682 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
683 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
684 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
685 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
687 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
688 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
691 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
692 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
693 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
694 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
695 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
696 may not be observed in a future release.
699 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
700 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
704 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
705 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
706 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
707 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
710 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
711 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
712 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
713 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
717 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
718 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
719 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
722 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
723 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
724 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
725 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
726 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
729 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
730 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
731 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
732 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
733 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
734 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
737 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
738 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
739 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
743 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
744 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
745 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
748 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
749 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
750 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
751 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
752 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
753 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
754 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
755 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
756 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
757 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
761 Big endian arm support has been removed.
764 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
765 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
766 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
767 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
768 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
771 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
772 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
773 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
774 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
775 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
776 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
779 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
780 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
783 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
784 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
785 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
786 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
787 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
788 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
789 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
792 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
793 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
794 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
798 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
799 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
800 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
804 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
805 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
808 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
809 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
813 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
814 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
815 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
816 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
819 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
820 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
821 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
825 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
826 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
827 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
831 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
832 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
833 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
834 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
835 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
836 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
839 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
840 workaround is necessary.
843 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
844 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
845 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
846 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
849 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
850 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
851 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
852 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
853 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
856 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
857 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
858 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
859 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
862 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
863 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
864 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
868 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
869 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
873 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
874 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
878 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
879 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
880 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
881 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
882 microseconds and time zone offsets.
884 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
885 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
886 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
887 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
888 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
889 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
890 adjustments, depending on the software used.
892 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
893 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
896 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
899 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
900 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
901 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
903 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
905 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
906 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
907 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
908 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
909 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
910 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
911 thus expected to continue to function as before.
913 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
917 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
918 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
919 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
922 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
923 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
924 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
925 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
926 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
927 should be as simple as:
929 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
930 $ make depend all install
933 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
934 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
935 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
936 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
937 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
938 provisions for backup boot methods.
941 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
942 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
943 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
947 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
948 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
949 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
953 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
954 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
955 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
957 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
958 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
961 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
962 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
963 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
964 remove it from kernel config files.
967 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
968 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
969 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
971 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
972 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
975 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
976 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
977 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
978 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
981 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
982 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
985 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
986 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
987 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
988 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
991 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
992 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
993 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
994 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
995 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
996 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
999 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1000 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1001 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1004 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1005 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1006 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1007 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1008 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1011 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1012 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1013 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1014 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1015 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1019 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1020 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1021 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1022 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1023 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1024 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1025 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1026 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1027 than hardcoding paths.
1030 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1031 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1032 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1035 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1036 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1037 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1038 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1041 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1042 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1045 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1046 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1047 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1048 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1051 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1052 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1053 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1054 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1055 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1058 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1059 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1060 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1061 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1065 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1066 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1067 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1068 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1069 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1072 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1073 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1076 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1077 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1081 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1082 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1086 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1087 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1088 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1089 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1091 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1092 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1093 sandbox if successful.
1095 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1096 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1097 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1098 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1099 an unprivileged user.
1102 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1103 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1104 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1105 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1106 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1107 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1108 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1109 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1110 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1111 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1112 to which you should answer yes.
1115 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1116 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1117 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1118 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1119 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1122 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1123 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1124 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1127 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1128 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1131 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1132 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1133 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1134 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1135 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1136 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1137 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1140 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1141 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1142 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1143 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1144 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1145 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1148 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1149 if you require the GPL compiler.
1152 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1153 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1154 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1157 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1158 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1159 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1163 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1164 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1165 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1166 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1167 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1168 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1171 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1172 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1173 which only require one chipset support.
1175 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1179 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1180 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1181 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1183 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1184 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1187 * load the chip modules in question
1188 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1190 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1191 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1193 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1196 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1197 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1198 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1200 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1201 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1202 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1204 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1205 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1206 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1207 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1208 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1209 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1210 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1211 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1214 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1215 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1216 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1219 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1220 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1221 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1224 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1225 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1226 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1227 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1228 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1229 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1230 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1233 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1234 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1235 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1236 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1239 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1240 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1241 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1244 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1245 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1246 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1249 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1250 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1252 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1253 via one of the following methods:
1254 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1255 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1256 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1257 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1259 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1262 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1263 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1264 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1265 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1269 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1270 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1271 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1272 be prefixed with colon.
1275 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1276 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1277 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1280 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1281 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1282 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1285 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1286 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1287 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1291 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1295 MCA bus support has been removed.
1298 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1299 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1302 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1303 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1306 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1307 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1308 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1312 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1313 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1314 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1317 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1318 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1319 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1322 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1323 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1324 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1327 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1328 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1329 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1330 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1333 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1334 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1336 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1337 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1340 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1341 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1342 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1346 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1347 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1348 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1351 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1352 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1355 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1356 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1357 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1358 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1361 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1362 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1363 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1364 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1365 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1368 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1371 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1372 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1373 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1374 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1377 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1378 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1379 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1383 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1384 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1385 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1386 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1387 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1391 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1392 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1395 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1398 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1399 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1400 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1401 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1402 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1403 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1407 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1408 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1409 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1410 previously contained a line like
1411 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1412 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1413 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1417 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1418 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1419 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1420 built with the old headers.
1423 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1424 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1425 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1426 installing a new libc.
1429 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1430 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1431 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1432 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1433 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1434 packages will be needed.
1436 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1437 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1438 and the install steps.
1441 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1442 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1443 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1444 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1445 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1446 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1449 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1450 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1451 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1452 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1453 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1455 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1456 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1457 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1458 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1459 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1461 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1462 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1463 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1464 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1465 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1466 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1469 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1470 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1471 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1472 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1473 quirks entry to 0x3.
1476 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1477 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1478 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1481 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1482 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1485 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1486 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1487 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1488 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1489 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1490 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1491 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1492 stale .depend files.
1495 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1496 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1497 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1501 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1502 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1503 make -C sys/boot install
1504 <reboot in single user>
1506 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1510 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1511 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1512 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1515 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1516 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1517 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1518 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1519 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1520 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1523 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1524 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1525 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1526 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1527 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1530 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1531 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1532 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1533 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1534 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1537 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1538 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1541 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1542 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1543 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1546 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1547 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1548 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1552 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1553 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1554 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1555 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1556 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1557 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1560 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1561 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1562 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1563 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1567 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1568 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1569 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1572 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1573 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1574 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1576 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1577 collation results will be different.
1579 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1580 locales before running make installworld.
1582 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1585 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1586 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1589 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1590 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1591 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1594 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1595 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1596 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1597 and 'make -N' will not.
1600 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1601 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1602 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1603 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1604 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1605 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1606 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1607 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1610 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1611 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1612 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1613 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1616 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1617 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1618 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1621 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1622 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1623 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1624 userland debug files.
1626 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1627 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1628 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1630 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1631 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1634 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1635 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1636 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1637 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1638 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1639 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1642 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1643 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1644 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1647 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1648 them, the kernel must have
1651 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1653 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1654 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1655 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1656 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1658 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1659 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1662 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1663 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1664 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1667 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1668 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1669 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1670 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1672 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1673 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1674 difference with this change.
1676 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1677 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1678 remove that workaround.
1681 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1682 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1683 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1686 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1689 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1690 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1691 loader.rc.local instead.
1694 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1695 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1696 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1699 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1700 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1701 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1703 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1704 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1707 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1708 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1709 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1710 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1711 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1712 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1713 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1714 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1715 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1716 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1717 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1718 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1721 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1722 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1724 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1725 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1726 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1728 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1729 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1731 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1732 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1733 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1735 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1736 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1737 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1738 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1740 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1741 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1742 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1743 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1745 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1746 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1747 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1748 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1749 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1750 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1751 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1752 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1756 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1757 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1760 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1761 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1764 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1765 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1766 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1767 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1768 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1771 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1772 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1773 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1774 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1777 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1778 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1779 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1780 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1781 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1782 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1783 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1785 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1786 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1787 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1788 replace it with '2'.
1789 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1790 a file path, create a new file with:
1791 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1792 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1793 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1794 5. Restart sendmail:
1795 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1797 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1801 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1802 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1803 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1804 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1807 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1810 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1811 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1812 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1815 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1816 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1819 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1820 same but content is different now
1821 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1822 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1823 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1824 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1825 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1828 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1829 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1830 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1833 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1834 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1837 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1838 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1841 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1842 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1843 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1846 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1847 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1848 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1849 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1852 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1853 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1854 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1857 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1858 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1859 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1860 kernel before rebooting.
1863 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1864 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1865 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1866 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1867 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1868 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1871 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1872 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1873 with the new kernel.
1876 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1877 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1878 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1881 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1882 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1883 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1884 are not already using 3.5.0.
1887 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1888 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1889 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1890 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1891 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1894 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1895 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1896 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1897 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1900 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1901 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1904 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1906 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1907 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1908 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1909 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1910 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1911 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1914 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1915 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1918 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1919 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1920 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1921 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1923 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1924 the instructions for 9.x above.
1926 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1927 default, and do not build clang.
1929 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1930 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1931 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1933 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1934 the following are most likely to appear:
1938 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1939 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1940 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1941 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1942 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1943 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1944 cast, or disable the warning.
1946 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1947 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1948 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1949 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1952 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1953 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1955 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1956 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1957 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1958 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1960 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1961 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1962 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1963 unreachable could be optimized away.
1966 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1967 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1968 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1969 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1970 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1971 the utilities will report errors.
1974 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1975 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1976 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1977 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1978 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1982 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1983 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1986 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1987 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1988 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1991 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1992 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1993 indicate what you need to do.
1995 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1996 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1997 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1999 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2000 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2004 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2005 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2009 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2010 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2014 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2018 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2019 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2020 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2021 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2022 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2023 their next update cycle.
2026 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2027 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2028 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2029 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2033 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2034 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2037 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2038 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2039 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2040 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2041 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2045 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2046 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2048 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2051 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2052 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2053 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2054 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2058 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2059 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2063 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2064 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2065 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2066 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2067 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2070 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2071 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2072 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2075 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2076 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2077 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2080 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2081 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2082 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2083 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2084 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2085 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2086 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2087 "make installworld".
2089 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2090 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2091 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2094 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2095 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2096 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2097 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2098 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2101 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2104 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2105 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2109 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2110 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2111 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2112 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2113 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2114 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2115 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2116 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2117 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2118 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2119 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2120 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2122 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2123 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2124 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2128 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2129 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2132 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2133 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2134 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2135 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2136 build hosts for older releases.
2138 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2139 r276991, respectively.
2142 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2143 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2144 will silently lack HESIOD.
2147 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2148 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2149 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2150 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2151 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2152 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2153 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2154 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2155 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2156 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2157 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2158 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2161 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2162 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2163 with command line option -W.
2166 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2167 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2168 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2169 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2170 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2173 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2176 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2177 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2180 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2181 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2182 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2183 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2184 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2187 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2188 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2189 kernel is still highly recommended.
2192 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2193 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2194 capability mode support in kernel.
2197 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2198 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2199 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2200 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2201 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2204 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2205 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2206 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2207 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2208 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2209 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2212 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2213 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2214 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2215 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2216 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2217 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2218 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2219 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2220 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2223 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2224 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2225 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2226 should change your settings to use the latter.
2229 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2230 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2231 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2232 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2233 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2236 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2237 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2238 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2240 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2242 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2245 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2252 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2253 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2254 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2255 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2256 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2257 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2258 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2259 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2261 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2262 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2263 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2264 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2265 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2266 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2267 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2268 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2271 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2272 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2273 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2274 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2277 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2278 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2279 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2280 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2282 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2283 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2284 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2285 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2286 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2287 should write them with this in mind.
2291 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2294 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2295 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2297 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2299 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2300 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2301 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2302 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2305 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2309 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2310 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2311 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2313 make kernel-toolchain
2314 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2315 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2317 To test a kernel once
2318 ---------------------
2319 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2320 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2321 debugging information) run
2322 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2323 nextboot -k testkernel
2325 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2326 -----------------------------------------------------------
2327 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2328 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2330 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2332 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2333 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2335 <reboot in single user> [3]
2342 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2343 --------------------------------------------------
2344 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2345 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2346 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2349 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2352 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2353 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2354 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2355 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2356 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2357 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2358 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2359 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2360 <reboot into current>
2361 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2362 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2366 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2367 ----------------------------------------------
2368 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2370 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2371 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2373 <reboot in single user> [3]
2380 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2381 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2382 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2383 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2384 the UPDATING entries.
2386 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2387 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2388 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2389 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2390 much fewer pitfalls.
2392 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2393 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2394 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2395 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2396 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2397 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2398 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2399 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2401 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2403 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2407 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2408 cd src # full path to source
2409 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2410 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2411 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2413 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2414 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2415 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2416 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2417 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2418 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2419 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2421 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2422 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2423 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2424 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2425 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2426 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2428 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2429 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2430 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2432 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2433 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2434 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2435 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2436 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2437 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2438 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2439 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2441 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2442 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2443 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2446 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2447 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2448 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2450 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2451 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2452 warn if it is improperly defined.
2455 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2456 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2457 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2458 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2459 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2461 Copyright information:
2463 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2465 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2466 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2467 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2469 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2470 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2471 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2472 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2473 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2474 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2475 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2476 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2477 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2478 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2479 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2481 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob