1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
16 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
17 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
18 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
21 12.3-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
23 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
26 12.3-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
27 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
29 FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias
32 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
34 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
36 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
38 Fix fragmented UDP packets handling [FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias]
40 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
46 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
47 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
48 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
49 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
52 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
53 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
54 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
55 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
56 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
57 to update your sources past the above hash and do
60 % sudo -E make install
61 to enable building kernels again.
64 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
65 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
68 Commit 6ae32cc8182f changed the internal KAPI between the krpc and
69 nfsd modules. As such, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
70 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1202508.
73 Commit e9959506d2cc changed the internal KAPI between the
74 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
78 Commit 0a1fdb867c72 changed the internal KAPI between
79 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
80 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
81 Without this patch, NFSv4.1 mounts should not
82 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
83 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
86 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
87 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
88 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
90 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
91 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
92 for improved performance.
94 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
95 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
98 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
99 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
100 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
101 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
104 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
105 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
106 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
107 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
110 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
111 re-enable it for the entire system with the
112 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
114 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
115 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
116 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
117 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
120 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
121 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
122 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
123 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
124 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
125 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
128 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
129 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
130 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
131 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
134 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
135 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
136 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
137 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
138 differences between those included in the port and those included in
139 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
140 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
141 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
144 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
145 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
146 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
147 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
150 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
151 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
152 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
153 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
154 add superio to the set.
157 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
158 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
159 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
160 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
161 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
162 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
165 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
166 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
167 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
168 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
171 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
172 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
173 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
174 your scripts, because they had no effect.
176 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
177 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
178 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
179 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
180 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
183 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
184 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
185 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
186 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
189 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
190 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
191 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
192 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
193 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
194 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
195 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
198 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
199 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
200 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
201 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
204 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
205 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
206 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
209 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
210 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
211 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
215 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
216 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
217 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
220 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
221 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
222 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
226 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
227 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
231 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
232 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
233 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
234 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
235 is loaded automatically.
238 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
239 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
240 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
241 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
242 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
246 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
247 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
248 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
249 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
252 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
253 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
254 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
255 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
259 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
263 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
264 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
267 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
268 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
269 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
270 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
271 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
272 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
273 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
274 that as you will get better support.
276 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
277 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
278 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
279 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
281 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
282 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
283 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
284 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
288 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
289 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
290 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
291 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
292 be adjusted as necessary.
295 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
296 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
297 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
298 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
301 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
302 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
303 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
304 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
308 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
309 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
310 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
311 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
315 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
316 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
317 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
318 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
319 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
320 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
323 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
324 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
325 default since FreeBSD-11.
328 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
329 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
330 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
333 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
334 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
335 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
336 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
337 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
338 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
339 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
341 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
342 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
345 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
346 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
347 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
348 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
349 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
350 may not be observed in a future release.
353 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
354 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
358 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
359 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
360 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
361 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
364 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
365 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
366 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
367 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
371 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
372 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
373 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
376 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
377 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
378 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
379 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
380 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
383 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
384 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
385 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
386 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
387 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
388 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
391 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
392 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
393 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
397 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
398 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
399 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
402 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
403 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
404 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
405 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
406 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
407 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
408 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
409 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
410 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
411 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
415 Big endian arm support has been removed.
418 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
419 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
420 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
421 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
422 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
425 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
426 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
427 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
428 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
429 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
430 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
433 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
434 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
437 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
438 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
439 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
440 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
441 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
442 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
443 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
446 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
447 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
448 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
452 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
453 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
454 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
457 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
458 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
461 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
462 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
466 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
467 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
468 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
469 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
472 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
473 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
474 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
478 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
479 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
480 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
484 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
485 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
486 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
487 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
488 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
489 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
492 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
493 workaround is necessary.
496 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
497 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
498 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
499 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
502 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
503 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
504 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
505 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
506 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
509 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
510 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
511 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
512 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
515 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
516 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
517 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
521 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
522 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
526 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
527 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
531 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
532 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
533 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
534 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
535 microseconds and time zone offsets.
537 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
538 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
539 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
540 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
541 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
542 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
543 adjustments, depending on the software used.
545 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
546 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
549 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
552 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
553 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
554 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
556 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
558 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
559 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
560 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
561 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
562 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
563 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
564 thus expected to continue to function as before.
566 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
570 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
571 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
572 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
575 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
576 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
577 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
578 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
579 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
580 should be as simple as:
582 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
583 $ make depend all install
586 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
587 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
588 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
589 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
590 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
591 provisions for backup boot methods.
594 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
595 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
596 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
599 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
600 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
601 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
605 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
606 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
607 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
609 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
610 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
613 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
614 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
615 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
616 from kernel config files.
619 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
620 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
621 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
623 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
624 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
627 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
628 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
629 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
630 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
633 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
634 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
637 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
638 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
639 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
640 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
643 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
644 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
645 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
646 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
647 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
648 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
651 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
652 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
653 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
656 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
657 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
658 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
659 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
660 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
663 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
664 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
665 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
666 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
667 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
671 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
672 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
673 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
674 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
675 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
676 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
677 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
678 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
679 than hardcoding paths.
682 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
683 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
684 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
687 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
688 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
689 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
690 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
693 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
694 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
697 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
698 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
699 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
700 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
703 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
704 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
705 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
706 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
707 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
710 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
711 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
712 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
713 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
717 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
718 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
719 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
720 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
721 soft-float everything else should be affected.
724 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
725 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
728 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
729 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
733 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
734 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
738 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
739 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
740 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
741 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
743 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
744 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
745 sandbox if successful.
747 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
748 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
749 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
750 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
751 an unprivileged user.
754 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
755 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
756 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
757 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
758 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
759 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
760 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
761 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
762 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
763 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
764 to which you should answer yes.
767 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
768 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
769 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
770 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
771 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
774 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
775 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
776 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
779 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
780 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
783 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
784 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
785 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
786 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
787 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
788 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
789 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
792 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
793 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
794 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
795 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
796 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
797 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
800 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
801 if you require the GPL compiler.
804 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
805 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
806 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
809 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
810 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
811 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
815 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
816 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
817 from ports (and recommends to install it).
818 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
819 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
820 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
823 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
824 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
825 which only require one chipset support.
827 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
831 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
832 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
833 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
835 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
836 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
839 * load the chip modules in question
840 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
842 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
843 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
845 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
848 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
849 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
850 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
852 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
853 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
854 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
856 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
857 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
858 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
859 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
860 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
864 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
865 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
866 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
869 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
870 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
871 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
874 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
875 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
876 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
877 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
878 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
879 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
880 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
883 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
884 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
885 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
886 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
889 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
890 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
891 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
894 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
895 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
896 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
899 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
900 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
902 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
903 via one of the following methods:
904 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
905 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
906 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
907 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
909 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
912 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
913 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
914 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
915 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
919 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
920 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
921 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
922 be prefixed with colon.
925 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
926 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
927 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
930 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
931 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
932 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
935 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
936 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
937 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
941 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
945 MCA bus support has been removed.
948 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
949 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
952 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
953 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
956 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
957 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
958 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
961 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
962 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
963 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
966 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
967 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
968 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
971 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
972 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
973 that link against it need to be recompiled.
976 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
977 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
978 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
979 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
982 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
983 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
985 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
986 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
989 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
990 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
991 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
995 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
996 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
997 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1000 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1001 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1004 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1005 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1006 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1007 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1010 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1011 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1012 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1013 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1014 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1017 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1020 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1021 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1022 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1023 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1026 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1027 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1028 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1032 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1033 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1034 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1035 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1036 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1040 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1041 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1044 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1047 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1048 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1049 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1050 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1051 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1052 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1056 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1057 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1058 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1059 previously contained a line like
1060 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1061 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1062 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1066 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1067 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1068 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1069 built with the old headers.
1072 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1073 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1074 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1075 installing a new libc.
1078 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1079 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1080 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1081 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1082 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1083 packages will be needed.
1085 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1086 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1087 and the install steps.
1090 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1091 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1092 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1093 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1094 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1095 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1098 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1099 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1100 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1101 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1102 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1104 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1105 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1106 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1107 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1108 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1110 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1111 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1112 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1113 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1114 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1115 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1118 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1119 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1120 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1121 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1122 quirks entry to 0x3.
1125 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1126 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1127 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1130 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1131 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1134 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1135 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1136 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1137 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1138 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1139 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1140 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1141 stale .depend files.
1144 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1145 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1146 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1150 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1151 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1152 make -C sys/boot install
1153 <reboot in single user>
1155 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1159 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1160 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1161 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1164 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1165 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1166 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1167 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1168 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1169 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1172 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1173 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1174 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1175 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1176 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1179 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1180 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1181 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1182 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1183 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1186 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1187 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1190 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1191 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1192 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1195 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1196 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1197 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1201 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1202 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1203 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1204 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1205 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1206 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1209 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1210 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1211 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1212 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1216 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1217 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1218 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1221 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1222 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1223 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1225 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1226 collation results will be different.
1228 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1229 locales before running make installworld.
1231 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1234 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1235 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1238 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1239 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1240 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1243 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1244 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1245 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1246 and 'make -N' will not.
1249 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1250 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1251 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1252 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1253 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1254 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1255 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1256 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1259 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1260 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1261 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1262 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1265 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1266 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1267 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1270 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1271 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1272 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1273 userland debug files.
1275 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1276 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1277 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1279 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1280 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1283 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1284 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1285 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1286 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1287 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1288 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1291 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1292 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1293 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1296 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1297 them, the kernel must have
1300 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1302 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1303 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1304 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1305 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1307 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1308 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1311 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1312 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1313 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1316 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1317 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1318 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1319 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1321 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1322 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1323 difference with this change.
1325 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1326 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1327 remove that workaround.
1330 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1331 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1332 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1335 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1338 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1339 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1340 loader.rc.local instead.
1343 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1344 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1345 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1348 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1349 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1350 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1352 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1353 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1356 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1357 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1358 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1359 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1360 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1361 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1362 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1363 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1364 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1365 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1366 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1367 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1370 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1371 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1373 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1374 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1375 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1377 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1378 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1380 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1381 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1382 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1384 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1385 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1386 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1387 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1389 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1390 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1391 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1392 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1394 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1395 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1396 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1397 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1398 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1399 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1400 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1401 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1405 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1406 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1409 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1410 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1413 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1414 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1415 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1416 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1417 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1420 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1421 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1422 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1423 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1426 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1427 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1428 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1429 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1430 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1431 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1432 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1434 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1435 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1436 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1437 replace it with '2'.
1438 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1439 a file path, create a new file with:
1440 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1441 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1442 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1443 5. Restart sendmail:
1444 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1446 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1450 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1451 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1452 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1453 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1456 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1459 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1460 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1461 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1464 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1465 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1468 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1469 same but content is different now
1470 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1471 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1472 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1473 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1474 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1477 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1478 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1479 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1482 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1483 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1486 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1487 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1490 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1491 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1492 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1495 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1496 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1497 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1498 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1501 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1502 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1503 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1506 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1507 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1508 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1509 kernel before rebooting.
1512 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1513 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1514 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1515 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1516 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1517 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1520 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1521 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1522 with the new kernel.
1525 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1526 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1527 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1530 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1531 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1532 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1533 are not already using 3.5.0.
1536 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1537 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1538 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1539 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1540 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1543 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1544 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1545 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1546 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1549 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1550 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1553 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1555 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1556 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1557 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1558 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1559 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1560 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1563 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1564 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1567 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1568 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1569 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1570 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1572 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1573 the instructions for 9.x above.
1575 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1576 default, and do not build clang.
1578 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1579 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1580 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1582 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1583 the following are most likely to appear:
1587 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1588 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1589 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1590 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1591 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1592 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1593 cast, or disable the warning.
1595 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1596 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1597 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1598 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1601 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1602 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1604 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1605 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1606 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1607 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1609 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1610 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1611 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1612 unreachable could be optimized away.
1615 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1616 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1617 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1618 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1619 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1620 the utilities will report errors.
1623 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1624 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1625 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1626 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1627 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1631 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1632 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1635 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1636 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1637 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1640 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1641 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1642 indicate what you need to do.
1644 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1645 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1646 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1648 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1649 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1653 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1654 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1658 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1659 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1663 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1667 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1668 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1669 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1670 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1671 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1672 their next update cycle.
1675 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1676 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1677 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1678 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1682 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1683 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1686 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1687 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1688 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1689 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1690 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1694 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1695 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1697 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1700 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1701 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1702 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1703 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1707 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1708 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1712 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1713 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1714 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1715 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1716 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1719 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1720 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1721 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1724 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1725 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1726 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1729 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1730 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1731 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1732 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1733 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1734 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1735 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1736 "make installworld".
1738 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1739 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1740 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1743 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1744 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1745 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1746 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1747 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1750 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1753 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1754 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1758 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1759 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1760 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1761 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1762 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1763 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1764 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1765 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1766 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1767 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1768 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1769 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1771 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1772 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1773 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1777 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1778 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1781 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1782 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1783 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1784 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1785 build hosts for older releases.
1787 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1788 r276991, respectively.
1791 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1792 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1793 will silently lack HESIOD.
1796 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1797 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1798 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1799 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1800 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1801 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1802 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1803 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1804 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1805 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1806 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1807 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1810 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1811 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1812 with command line option -W.
1815 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1816 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1817 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1818 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1819 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1822 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1825 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1826 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1829 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1830 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1831 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1832 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1833 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1836 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1837 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1838 kernel is still highly recommended.
1841 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1842 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1843 capability mode support in kernel.
1846 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1847 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1848 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1849 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1850 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1853 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1854 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1855 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1856 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1857 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1858 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1861 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1862 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1863 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1864 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1865 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1866 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1867 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1868 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1869 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1872 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1873 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1874 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1875 should change your settings to use the latter.
1878 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1879 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1880 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1881 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1882 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1885 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1886 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1887 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1889 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1891 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1894 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1901 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1902 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1903 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1904 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1905 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1906 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1907 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1909 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1910 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1911 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1912 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1913 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1915 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1916 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1917 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1918 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1919 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1920 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1921 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1922 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1925 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1926 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1927 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1928 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1930 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1931 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1932 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1933 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1934 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1935 should write them with this in mind.
1939 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1942 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1943 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1945 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1947 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1948 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1949 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1951 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1955 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1956 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1957 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1959 make kernel-toolchain
1960 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1961 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1963 To test a kernel once
1964 ---------------------
1965 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1966 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1967 debugging information) run
1968 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1969 nextboot -k testkernel
1971 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1972 -----------------------------------------------------------
1973 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1974 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1976 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1978 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1979 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1981 <reboot in single user> [3]
1988 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1989 --------------------------------------------------
1990 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1991 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1992 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1995 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1998 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1999 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2000 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2001 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2002 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2003 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2004 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2005 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2006 <reboot into current>
2007 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2008 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2012 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2013 ----------------------------------------------
2014 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2016 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2017 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2019 <reboot in single user> [3]
2026 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2027 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2028 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2029 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2030 the UPDATING entries.
2032 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2033 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2034 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2035 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2036 much fewer pitfalls.
2038 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2039 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2042 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2047 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2048 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2049 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2051 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2052 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2053 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2054 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2055 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2056 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2057 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2059 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2060 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2061 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2062 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2063 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2064 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2066 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2067 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2068 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2070 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2071 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2072 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2073 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2074 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2075 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2076 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2078 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2079 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2081 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2082 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2083 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2085 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2086 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2087 warn if it is improperly defined.
2090 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2091 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2092 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2093 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2094 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2096 Copyright information:
2098 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2100 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2101 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2102 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2104 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2105 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2106 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2107 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2108 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2109 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2110 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2111 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2112 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2113 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2114 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2116 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of