1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20200915 p14 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
20 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
21 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
24 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
27 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
29 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
31 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
33 20200902 p13 FreeBSD-EN-20:17.linuxthread
34 FreeBSD-EN-20:18.getfsstat
37 FreeBSD-SA-20:26.dhclient
39 Fix FreeBSD Linux ABI kernel panic. [EN-20:17.linuxthread]
41 Fix getfsstat compatibility system call panic. [EN-20:18.getfsstat]
43 Fix IPv6 Hop-by-Hop options use-after-free. [SA-20:24.ipv6]
45 Fix SCTP socket use-after-free. [SA-20:25.sctp]
47 Fix dhclient heap overflow. [SA-20:26.dhclient]
49 20200805 p12 FreeBSD-SA-20:21.usb_net
50 FreeBSD-SA-20:22.unbound
53 Fix memory corruption in USB network device drivers. [SA-20:21.usb_net]
55 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in sqlite3. [SA-20:22.sqlite]
57 Fix sendmsg(2) privilege escalation. [SA-20:23.sendmsg]
59 20200708 p11 FreeBSD-EN-20:14.linuxkpi
61 FreeBSD-SA-20:19.unbound
64 Fix kernel panic in LinuxKPI subsystem. [EN-20:14.linuxpki]
66 Fix kernel panic in mps(4) driver. [EN-20:15.mps]
68 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in unbound. [SA-20:19.unbound]
70 Fix IPv6 socket option race condition and use after free. [SA-20:20.ipv6]
72 20200609 p10 FreeBSD-SA-20:17.usb
74 Fix USB HID descriptor parsing error. [SA-20:17.usb]
76 20200512 p9 FreeBSD-EN-20:08.tzdata
77 FreeBSD-EN-20:10.build
78 FreeBSD-SA-20:12.libalias
79 FreeBSD-SA-20:13.libalias
81 FreeBSD-SA-20:15.cryptodev
83 Import tzdata 2020a. [EN-20:08.tzdata]
85 Fix incorrect build host Clang version detection [EN-20:10.build]
87 Fix insufficient packet length validation in libalias [SA-20:12.libalias]
89 Fix memory disclosure vulnerability in libalias [SA-20:13.libalias]
91 Fix improper checking in SCTP-AUTH shared key update [SA-20:14.sctp]
93 Fix use after free in cryptodev module [SA-20:15.cryptodev]
95 20200421 p8 FreeBSD-EN-20:07.quotad
98 Fix regression in rpc.rquotad with certain NFS servers [EN-20:07.quotad]
100 Fix ipfw invalid mbuf handling [SA-20:10.ipfw]
102 20200319 p7 FreeBSD-EN-20:04.pfctl
103 FreeBSD-EN-20:06.ipv6
105 FreeBSD-SA-20:05.if_oce_ioctl
106 FreeBSD-SA-20:07.epair
107 FreeBSD-SA-20:08.jail
110 Fix missing pfctl(8) tunable [EN-20:04.pfctl]
112 Fix incorrect checksum calculations with IPv6 extension headers [EN-20:06.ipv6]
114 Fix TCP IPv6 SYN cache kernel information disclosure [SA-20:04.tcp]
116 Fix insufficient oce(4) ioctl(2) privilege checking [SA-20:05.if_oce_ioctl]
118 Fix incorrect user-controlled pointer use in epair [SA-20:07.epair]
120 Fix kernel memory disclosure with nested jails [SA-20:08.jail]
122 Fix multiple denial of service in ntpd [SA-20:09.ntp]
124 20200128 p6 FreeBSD-EN-20:01.ssp
125 FreeBSD-EN-20:02.nmount
126 FreeBSD-SA-20:01.libfetch
127 FreeBSD-SA-20:03.thrmisc
129 Fix imprecise ordering of SSP canary initialization [EN-20:01.ssp]
131 Fix nmount invalid pointer dereference [EN-20:02.nmount]
133 Fix libfetch buffer overflow [SA-20:01.libfetch]
135 Fix kernel stack data disclosure [SA-20:03.thrmisc]
137 20191112 p5 FreeBSD-SA-19:25.mcepsc
139 Fix Machine Check Exception on Page Size Change [SA-19:25.mcepsc]
141 20191023 p4 FreeBSD-EN-19:18.tzdata
143 Import tzdata 2019c. [EN-19:18.tzdata]
145 20190820 p3 FreeBSD-EN-19:16.bhyve
146 FreeBSD-EN-19:17.ipfw
147 FreeBSD-SA-19:22.mbuf
148 FreeBSD-SA-19:23.midi
149 FreeBSD-SA-19:24.mqueuefs
151 Bhyve instruction emulation improvements (opcode 03H and F7H).
154 Fix ipfw(8) jail keyword prior to jail startup. [EN-19:17.ipfw]
156 Fix IPv6 remote denial of service. [SA-19:22.mbuf]
158 Fix kernel memory disclosure from /dev/midistat. [SA-19:23.midi]
160 Fix reference count overflow in mqueuefs. [SA-19:24.mqueuefs]
162 20190806 p2 FreeBSD-SA-19:18.bzip2
163 FreeBSD-SA-19:19.mldv2
164 FreeBSD-SA-19:20.bsnmp
165 FreeBSD-SA-19:21.bhyve
167 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in bzip2. [SA-19:18.bzip2]
169 Fix ICMPv6 / MLDv2 out-of-bounds memory access. [SA-19:19.mldv2]
171 Fix insufficient message length validation in bsnmp library.
174 Fix insufficient validation of guest-supplied data (e1000 device).
177 20190724 p1 FreeBSD-EN-19:13.mds
178 FreeBSD-SA-19:12.telnet
180 FreeBSD-SA-19:14.freebsd32
181 FreeBSD-SA-19:15.mqueuefs
182 FreeBSD-SA-19:16.bhyve
185 Fix panic from Intel CPU vulnerability mitigation. [EN-19:13.mds]
187 Fix multiple telnet client vulnerabilities. [SA-19:12.telnet]
189 Fix pts write-after-free. [SA-19:13.pts]
191 Fix kernel memory disclosure in freebsd32_ioctl. [SA-19:14.freebsd32]
193 Fix reference count overflow in mqueuefs. [SA-19:15.mqueuefs]
195 Fix byhve out-of-bounds read in XHCI device. [SA-19:16.bhyve]
197 Fix file descriptor reference count leak. [SA-19:17.fd]
202 20190702 FreeBSD-EN-19:12.tzdata
203 FreeBSD-SA-19:09.iconv
204 FreeBSD-SA-19:11.cd_ioctl
206 Import tzdata 2019b. [EN-19:12.tzdata]
208 Fix iconv buffer overflow. [SA-19:09.iconv]
210 Fix privilege escalation in cd(4) driver. [SA-19:11.cd_ioctl]
213 CARP now sets DSCP value CS7(Network Traffic) in the flowlabel field
214 of packets by default instead of only setting TOS_LOWDELAY in IPv4,
215 which was deprecated in 1998. Original behavior can be restored by
216 setting sysctl net.inet.carp.dscp=4.
219 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
220 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
221 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
225 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
226 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
230 Co-existance for Forth and Lua interpreters in bootloaders has now been
231 merged to ease testing of lualoader. LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented
232 in build(7), may be used to control which interpreter flavor is used in
233 the default loader to be installed. For systems where Lua and Forth
234 coexist, this switch can also be made on a running system by creating a
235 link from /boot/loader{,.efi} to /boot/loader_${flavor}{,.efi} rather
236 than requiring a rebuild.
238 The default flavor in this branch will remain Forth. As indicated in
239 the 20190216 UPDATING entry, booting is a complex environment; it would
240 be prudent to assume that lualoader may not work for your setup and make
241 provisions for backup boot methods.
244 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
245 zfsloader is no longer necesasary once you've updated your
246 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
247 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
248 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
249 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
252 Lualoader has been merged to facilitate testing on this branch. It's
253 purely opt-in for now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in
254 /etc/src.conf, but co-existance will come shortly. Booting is a complex
255 environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been thin, so
256 it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make provisions for
260 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
261 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
262 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
266 r342562 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
267 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
268 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
269 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
270 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
274 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
275 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
276 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
277 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
278 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
279 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
280 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
283 WITH_OFED option now only enables the build for the OFED libraries
284 and some fundamental client utilities. OpenSM and rest of the
285 debugging tools are enabled by WITH_OFED_EXTRA build switch.
286 WITH_OFED is turned on by default on amd64.
289 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
290 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
291 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
295 The releng/11.2 branch has been created from stable/11@r334458.
298 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
299 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
300 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
301 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
302 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
305 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
306 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
307 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
309 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
310 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
313 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
314 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
315 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
319 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
320 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
321 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
324 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
325 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
327 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
328 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
329 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
330 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
333 lint(1) binaries and library are no longer built by default. To
334 enable building them, define WITH_LINT in src.conf. If you are using
335 a FreeBSD 12 or later system to build 11-stable, you may need to
336 install a lint(1) binary to use WITH_LINT.
339 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
340 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
341 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
342 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
343 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
346 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
347 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
348 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
351 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
352 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322806,
353 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
354 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
355 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
356 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
357 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
358 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
359 forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
360 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
361 to which you should answer yes.
364 The releng/11.1 branch has been created from stable/11@r320475.
367 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
368 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
369 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
370 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
373 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
374 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
376 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
377 via one of the following methods:
378 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
379 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
380 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
381 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
383 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
386 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
387 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
388 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
389 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
393 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
394 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
395 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
398 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
399 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
400 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
401 This allows keep state to specified without forcing keep frags
402 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
403 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
404 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
407 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
408 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
409 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
412 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
413 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
414 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
418 Many changes in the IPsec code have been merged from the FreeBSD-CURRENT
419 branch. The IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL kernel option is removed in favour of
420 corresponding sysctl. The IPSEC_NAT_T kernel option is also removed,
421 and now NAT-T is supported by default. Security associations now use
422 the single namespace for SPI allocation, so if you use several manually
423 configured security associations with the same SPI, this configuration
427 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
428 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
429 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
432 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
433 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
434 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
437 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
438 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
439 that link against it need to be recompiled.
442 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
443 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
444 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
445 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
448 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
449 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
450 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
451 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
454 The releng/11.0 branch has been created from stable/11@r303970.
457 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
460 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
461 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
462 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
463 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
464 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
465 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
469 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
470 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
471 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
472 previously contained a line like
473 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
474 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
475 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
479 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
480 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
481 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
482 built with the old headers.
485 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
486 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
487 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
488 installing a new libc.
491 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
492 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
493 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
494 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
495 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
496 packages will be needed.
498 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
499 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
500 and the install steps.
503 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
504 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
505 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
506 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
507 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
508 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
511 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
512 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
513 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
514 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
515 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
517 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
518 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
519 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
520 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
521 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
523 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
524 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
525 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
526 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
527 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
528 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
531 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
532 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
533 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
534 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
538 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
539 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
540 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
543 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
544 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
547 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
548 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
549 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
550 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
551 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
552 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
553 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
557 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
558 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
559 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
563 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
564 make -C sys/boot install
565 <reboot in single user>
567 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
571 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
572 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
573 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
576 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
577 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
578 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
579 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
580 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
581 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
584 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
585 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
586 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
587 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
588 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
591 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
592 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
593 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
594 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
595 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
598 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
599 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
602 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
603 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
604 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
607 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
608 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
609 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
613 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
614 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
615 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
616 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
617 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
618 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
621 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
622 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
623 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
624 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
628 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
629 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
630 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
633 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
634 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
635 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
637 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
638 collation results will be different.
640 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
641 locales before running make installworld.
643 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
646 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
647 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
650 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
651 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
652 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
655 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
656 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
657 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
658 and 'make -N' will not.
661 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
662 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
663 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
664 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
665 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
666 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
667 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
668 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
671 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
672 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
673 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
674 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
677 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
678 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
679 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
682 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
683 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
684 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
685 userland debug files.
687 When using the supported kernel installation method the
688 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
689 as is done with /boot/kernel.
691 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
692 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
695 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
696 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
697 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
698 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
699 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
700 rc.d scripts in /etc.
703 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
704 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
705 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
708 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
709 them, the kernel must have
712 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
714 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
715 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
716 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
717 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
719 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
720 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
723 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
724 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
725 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
728 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
729 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
730 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
731 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
733 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
734 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
735 difference with this change.
737 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
738 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
739 remove that workaround.
742 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
743 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
744 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
747 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
750 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
751 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
752 loader.rc.local instead.
755 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
756 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
757 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
760 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
761 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
762 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
764 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
765 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
768 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
769 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
770 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
771 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
772 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
773 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
774 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
775 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
776 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
777 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
778 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
779 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
782 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
783 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
785 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
786 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
787 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
789 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
790 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
792 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
793 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
794 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
796 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
797 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
798 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
799 and it is assumed you know what you need.
801 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
802 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
803 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
804 behaviour from your security subsystems.
806 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
807 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
808 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
809 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
810 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
811 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
812 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
813 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
817 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
818 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
821 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
822 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
825 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
826 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work
827 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
828 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
829 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
832 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
833 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
834 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
835 with Kyuafile and kyua.
838 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
839 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
840 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
841 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
842 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
843 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
844 2048 bit DH parameter by:
846 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
847 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
848 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
850 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
851 a file path, create a new file with:
852 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
853 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
854 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
856 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
858 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
862 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
863 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
864 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
865 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
868 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
871 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
872 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
873 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
876 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
877 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
880 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
881 same but content is different now
882 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
883 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
884 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
885 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
886 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
889 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
890 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
891 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
894 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
895 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
898 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
899 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
902 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
903 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
904 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
907 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
908 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
909 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
910 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
913 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
914 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
915 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
918 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
919 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
920 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
921 kernel before rebooting.
924 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
925 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
926 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
927 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
928 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
929 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
932 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
933 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
937 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
938 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
939 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
942 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
943 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
944 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
945 are not already using 3.5.0.
948 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
949 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
950 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
951 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
952 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
955 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
956 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
957 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
958 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
961 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
962 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
965 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
967 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
968 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
969 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
970 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
971 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
972 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
975 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
976 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
979 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
980 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
981 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
982 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
984 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
985 the instructions for 9.x above.
987 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
988 default, and do not build clang.
990 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
991 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
992 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
994 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
995 the following are most likely to appear:
999 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1000 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1001 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1002 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1003 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1004 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1005 cast, or disable the warning.
1007 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1008 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1009 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1010 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1013 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1014 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1016 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1017 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1018 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1019 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1021 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1022 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1023 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1024 unreachable could be optimized away.
1027 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1028 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1029 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1030 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1031 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1032 the utilities will report errors.
1035 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1036 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1037 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1038 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1039 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1043 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1044 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1047 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1048 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1049 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1052 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1053 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1054 indicate what you need to do.
1056 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1057 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1058 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1060 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1061 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1065 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1066 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1070 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1071 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1075 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1079 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1080 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1081 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1082 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1083 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1084 their next update cycle.
1087 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1088 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1089 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1090 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1094 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1095 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1098 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1099 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1100 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1101 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1102 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1106 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1107 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1109 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1112 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1113 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1114 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1115 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1119 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1120 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1124 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1125 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1126 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1127 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1128 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1131 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1132 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1133 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1136 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1137 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1138 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1141 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1142 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1143 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1144 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1145 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1146 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1147 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1148 "make installworld".
1150 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1151 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1152 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1155 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1156 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1157 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1158 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1159 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1162 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1165 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1166 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1170 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1171 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1172 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1173 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1174 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1175 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1176 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1177 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1178 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1179 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1180 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1181 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1183 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1184 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1185 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1189 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1190 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1193 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1194 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1195 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1196 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1197 build hosts for older releases.
1199 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1200 r276991, respectively.
1203 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1204 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1205 will silently lack HESIOD.
1208 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1209 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1210 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1211 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1212 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1213 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1214 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1215 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1216 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1217 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1218 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1219 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1222 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1223 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1224 with command line option -W.
1227 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1228 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1229 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1230 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1231 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1234 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1237 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1238 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1241 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1242 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1243 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1244 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1245 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1248 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1249 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1250 kernel is still highly recommended.
1253 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1254 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1255 capability mode support in kernel.
1258 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1259 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1260 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1261 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1262 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1265 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1266 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1267 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1268 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1269 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1270 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1273 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1274 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1275 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1276 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1277 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1278 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1279 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1280 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1281 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1284 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1285 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1286 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1287 should change your settings to use the latter.
1290 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1291 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1292 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1293 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1294 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1297 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1298 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1299 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1301 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1303 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1306 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1310 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1311 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1312 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1313 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1314 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
1315 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1317 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1318 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1319 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1320 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
1321 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1322 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1324 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1325 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1329 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
1330 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1331 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1332 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1334 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1335 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1336 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1337 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1340 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1341 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1342 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1345 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1346 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
1347 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
1348 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1351 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1352 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1353 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1354 options in src.conf.
1357 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1358 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1359 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1363 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1364 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1365 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1366 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1367 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1368 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1371 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
1372 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
1373 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1376 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1377 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1378 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1381 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
1382 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1383 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1384 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1385 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1386 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1389 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1390 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
1391 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1393 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1394 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
1395 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1396 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1397 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1400 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1401 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
1402 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1403 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1404 to r253970 or later.
1407 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1408 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1409 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1412 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1414 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1415 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1416 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1417 old as well as the new version of find.
1420 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1421 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1422 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1423 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1424 subdirectories must be reviewed.
1427 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1428 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1429 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1431 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1433 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1434 users are advised to upgrade.
1437 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1438 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1441 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1442 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1443 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1446 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1447 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1448 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1449 write access to that file.
1452 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
1453 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1456 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1458 make: illegal option -- J
1459 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1461 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
1463 this likely due to an old instance of make in
1464 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1465 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1466 you see the above error:
1468 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1473 Use bmake by default.
1474 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1475 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1476 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1478 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1479 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1480 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1481 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1482 behavior in parallel build.
1485 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1488 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1489 the IDEA patent expired.
1492 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1493 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1497 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1498 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1499 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1500 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1501 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1502 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1503 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1507 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1508 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
1509 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1510 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1514 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1515 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1516 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1517 binaries will not work on older kernels.
1520 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1521 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1524 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1525 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1526 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1527 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1530 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1531 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1532 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1533 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1534 in /boot/loader.conf.
1537 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1538 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1539 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1540 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
1541 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1544 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
1545 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1547 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1548 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1551 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1552 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1553 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1554 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1555 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1558 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1559 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1560 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1561 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1562 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1566 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1567 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
1568 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1569 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1570 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
1571 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1572 use is expected to be extremely rare.
1575 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1576 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1577 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1580 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1581 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1582 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1586 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
1587 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1588 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1593 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1594 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1595 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1598 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1599 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1600 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1601 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1602 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1603 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1606 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1607 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1608 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1609 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
1610 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1611 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1612 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1616 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1617 functionality now turned on by default.
1620 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1621 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1622 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1623 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1624 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1625 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1626 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1627 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1628 of the two kernel options.
1631 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1632 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1633 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1634 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1637 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1638 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1642 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1643 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1644 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1647 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1648 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1649 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1650 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1651 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1654 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1655 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1656 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1657 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1660 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1663 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1664 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1665 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1669 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1670 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1674 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1675 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
1676 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1679 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1680 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1681 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1682 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1683 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1687 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1688 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1691 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1692 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1693 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1694 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1698 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1699 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1700 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1703 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
1704 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
1705 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1708 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1709 with other variables:
1710 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1711 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1714 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
1715 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1716 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
1717 installed as "bsdsort".
1720 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1721 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1722 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1723 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1724 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1725 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1726 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1727 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1728 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1731 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1732 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
1733 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1734 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1735 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
1736 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1740 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
1741 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
1742 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1743 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
1744 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1745 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1746 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1749 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1753 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
1754 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1755 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1756 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1757 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1758 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1761 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1762 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1763 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
1764 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1765 comes from 20111215.
1768 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
1769 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1770 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1771 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1773 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1774 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1777 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1778 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1779 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1781 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1784 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1785 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1786 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1787 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1788 not supported anymore.
1790 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1791 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1792 need to be recompiled.
1795 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1799 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1800 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1801 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1805 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1806 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1809 sysinstall has been removed
1812 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1813 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1819 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1820 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1821 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1822 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1823 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1824 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1825 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1827 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1828 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1829 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1830 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1831 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1833 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1834 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1835 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1836 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1837 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1839 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1840 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1841 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1842 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1844 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1845 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1846 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1847 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1848 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1849 should write them with this in mind.
1853 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1856 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1857 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1859 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1861 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1862 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1863 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1865 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1869 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1870 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1871 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1873 make kernel-toolchain
1874 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1875 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1877 To test a kernel once
1878 ---------------------
1879 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1880 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1881 debugging information) run
1882 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1883 nextboot -k testkernel
1885 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1886 --------------------------------------------------------------
1887 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1888 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1889 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1891 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1892 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1893 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1898 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1900 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1901 -----------------------------------------------------------
1902 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1903 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1905 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1907 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1909 <reboot in single user> [3]
1916 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1917 --------------------------------------------------
1918 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1919 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1920 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1923 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1926 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1927 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1928 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1929 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1930 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1931 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1932 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1933 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1934 <reboot into current>
1935 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1936 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1940 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1941 ----------------------------------------------
1942 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1944 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1946 <reboot in single user> [3]
1953 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1954 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1955 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1956 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1957 the UPDATING entries.
1959 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1960 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1961 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1962 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1963 much fewer pitfalls.
1965 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1966 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1969 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1974 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1975 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1976 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1978 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1979 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1980 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1981 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1982 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1983 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1984 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1986 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1987 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1988 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1989 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1990 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1991 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1993 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1994 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1995 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1997 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1998 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
1999 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2000 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2001 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2002 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2003 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2005 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2006 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2008 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2009 cvs prune empty directories.
2011 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2012 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2013 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2015 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2016 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2017 warn if it is improperly defined.
2020 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2021 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2022 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2023 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2024 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2026 Copyright information:
2028 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2030 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2031 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2032 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2034 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2035 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2036 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2037 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2038 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2039 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2040 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2041 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2042 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2043 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2044 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2046 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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