1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages
15 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
16 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
17 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
18 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
21 12.3-RELEASE-p9 FreeBSD-SA-22:14.heimdal
23 Multiple vulnerabilities in Heimdal [SA-22:14.heimdal]
26 12.3-RELEASE-p8 FreeBSD-EN-22:22.tzdata
28 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
31 12.3-RELEASE-p7 FreeBSD-SA-22:13.zlib
32 FreeBSD-EN-22:20.tzdata
34 zlib heap buffer overflow [SA-22:13.zlib]
36 Timezone database information update [EN-22:20.tzdata]
39 12.3-RELEASE-p6 FreeBSD-SA-22:09.elf
44 Out of bounds read in elf_note_prpsinfo() [SA-22:09.elf]
46 AIO credential reference count leak [SA-22:10.aio]
48 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-22:11.vm]
50 Kernel memory corruption during SCSI error recovery [EN-22:17.cam]
53 12.3-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-SA-22:04.netmap
54 FreeBSD-SA-22:05.bhyve
55 FreeBSD-SA-22:06.ioctl
56 FreeBSD-SA-22:07.wifi_meshid
59 Potential jail escape vulnerabilities in netmap [SA-22:04.netmap]
61 Bhyve e82545 device emulation out-of-bounds write [SA-22:05.bhyve]
63 mpr/mps/mpt driver ioctl heap out-of-bounds write [SA-22:06.ioctl]
65 802.11 heap buffer overflow [SA-22:07.wifi_meshid]
67 zlib compression out-of-bounds write [SA-22:08.zlib]
70 12.3-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata
72 Timezone database information update. [EN-22:14.tzdata]
75 12.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update
77 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
79 freebsd-update creating erroneous boot environments [FreeBSD-EN-22:09.freebsd-update]
81 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
83 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
86 12.3-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
88 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
91 12.3-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
92 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
94 FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias
97 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
99 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
101 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
103 Fix fragmented UDP packets handling [FreeBSD-EN-22:06.libalias]
105 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
111 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
112 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
113 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
114 past c021ff986e2b without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
117 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
118 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
119 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
120 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
121 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
122 to update your sources past the above hash and do
125 % sudo -E make install
126 to enable building kernels again.
129 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
130 This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
133 Commit 6ae32cc8182f changed the internal KAPI between the krpc and
134 nfsd modules. As such, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
135 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1202508.
138 Commit e9959506d2cc changed the internal KAPI between the
139 nscl.ko and nfscommon.ko modules, so they both need to be
140 rebuilt from sources.
143 Commit 0a1fdb867c72 changed the internal KAPI between
144 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
145 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
146 Without this patch, NFSv4.1 mounts should not
147 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
148 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
151 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
152 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
153 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
155 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
156 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
157 for improved performance.
159 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
160 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
163 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
164 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
165 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
166 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
169 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
170 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
171 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
172 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
175 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
176 re-enable it for the entire system with the
177 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
179 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
180 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
181 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
182 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
185 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
186 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
187 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
188 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
189 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
190 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
193 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
194 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
195 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
196 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
199 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
200 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
201 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
202 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
203 differences between those included in the port and those included in
204 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
205 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
206 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
209 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
210 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
211 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
212 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
215 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
216 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
217 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
218 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
219 add superio to the set.
222 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
223 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
224 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
225 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
226 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
227 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
230 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
231 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
232 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
233 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
236 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
237 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
238 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
239 your scripts, because they had no effect.
241 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
242 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
243 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
244 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
245 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
248 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
249 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
250 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
251 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
254 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
255 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
256 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
257 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
258 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
259 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
260 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
263 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
264 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
265 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
266 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
269 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
270 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
271 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
274 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
275 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
276 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
280 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
281 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
282 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
285 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
286 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
287 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
291 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
292 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
296 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
297 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
298 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
299 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
300 is loaded automatically.
303 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
304 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
305 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
306 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
307 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
311 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
312 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
313 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
314 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
317 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
318 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
319 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
320 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
324 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
328 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
329 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
332 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
333 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
334 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
335 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
336 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
337 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
338 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
339 that as you will get better support.
341 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
342 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
343 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
344 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
346 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
347 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
348 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
349 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
353 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
354 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
355 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
356 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
357 be adjusted as necessary.
360 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
361 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
362 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
363 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
366 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
367 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
368 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
369 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
373 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
374 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
375 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
376 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
380 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
381 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
382 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
383 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
384 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
385 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
388 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
389 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
390 default since FreeBSD-11.
393 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
394 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
395 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
398 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
399 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
400 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
401 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
402 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
403 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
404 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
406 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
407 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
410 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
411 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
412 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
413 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
414 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
415 may not be observed in a future release.
418 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
419 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
423 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
424 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
425 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
426 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
429 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
430 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
431 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
432 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
436 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
437 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
438 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
441 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
442 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
443 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
444 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
445 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
448 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
449 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
450 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
451 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
452 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
453 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
456 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
457 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
458 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
462 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
463 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
464 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
467 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
468 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
469 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
470 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
471 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
472 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
473 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
474 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
475 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
476 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
480 Big endian arm support has been removed.
483 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
484 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
485 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
486 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
487 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
490 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
491 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
492 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
493 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
494 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
495 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
498 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
499 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
502 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
503 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
504 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
505 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
506 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
507 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
508 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
511 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
512 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
513 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
517 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
518 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
519 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
522 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
523 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
526 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
527 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
531 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
532 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
533 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
534 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
537 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
538 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
539 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
543 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
544 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
545 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
549 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
550 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
551 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
552 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
553 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
554 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
557 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
558 workaround is necessary.
561 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
562 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
563 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
564 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
567 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
568 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
569 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
570 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
571 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
574 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
575 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
576 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
577 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
580 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
581 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
582 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
586 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
587 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
591 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
592 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
596 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
597 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
598 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
599 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
600 microseconds and time zone offsets.
602 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
603 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
604 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
605 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
606 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
607 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
608 adjustments, depending on the software used.
610 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
611 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
614 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
617 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
618 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
619 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
621 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
623 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
624 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
625 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
626 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
627 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
628 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
629 thus expected to continue to function as before.
631 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
635 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
636 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
637 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
640 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
641 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
642 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
643 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
644 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
645 should be as simple as:
647 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
648 $ make depend all install
651 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
652 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
653 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
654 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
655 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
656 provisions for backup boot methods.
659 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
660 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
661 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
664 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
665 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
666 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
670 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
671 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
672 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
674 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
675 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
678 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
679 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
680 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
681 from kernel config files.
684 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
685 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
686 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
688 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
689 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
692 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
693 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
694 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
695 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
698 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
699 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
702 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
703 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
704 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
705 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
708 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
709 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
710 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
711 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
712 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
713 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
716 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
717 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
718 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
721 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
722 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
723 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
724 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
725 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
728 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
729 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
730 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
731 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
732 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
736 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
737 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
738 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
739 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
740 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
741 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
742 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
743 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
744 than hardcoding paths.
747 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
748 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
749 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
752 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
753 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
754 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
755 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
758 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
759 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
762 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
763 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
764 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
765 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
768 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
769 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
770 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
771 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
772 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
775 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
776 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
777 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
778 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
782 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
783 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
784 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
785 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
786 soft-float everything else should be affected.
789 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
790 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
793 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
794 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
798 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
799 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
803 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
804 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
805 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
806 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
808 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
809 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
810 sandbox if successful.
812 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
813 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
814 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
815 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
816 an unprivileged user.
819 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
820 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
821 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
822 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
823 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
824 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
825 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
826 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
827 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
828 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
829 to which you should answer yes.
832 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
833 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
834 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
835 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
836 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
839 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
840 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
841 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
844 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
845 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
848 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
849 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
850 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
851 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
852 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
853 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
854 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
857 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
858 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
859 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
860 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
861 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
862 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
865 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
866 if you require the GPL compiler.
869 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
870 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
871 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
874 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
875 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
876 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
880 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
881 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
882 from ports (and recommends to install it).
883 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
884 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
885 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
888 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
889 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
890 which only require one chipset support.
892 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
896 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
897 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
898 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
900 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
901 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
904 * load the chip modules in question
905 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
907 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
908 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
910 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
913 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
914 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
915 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
917 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
918 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
919 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
921 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
922 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
923 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
924 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
925 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
929 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
930 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
931 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
934 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
935 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
936 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
939 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
940 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
941 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
942 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
943 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
944 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
945 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
948 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
949 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
950 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
951 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
954 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
955 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
956 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
959 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
960 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
961 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
964 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
965 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
967 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
968 via one of the following methods:
969 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
970 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
971 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
972 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
974 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
977 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
978 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
979 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
980 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
984 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
985 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
986 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
987 be prefixed with colon.
990 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
991 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
992 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
995 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
996 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
997 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1000 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1001 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1002 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1006 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1010 MCA bus support has been removed.
1013 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1014 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1017 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1018 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1021 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1022 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1023 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1026 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1027 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1028 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1031 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1032 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1033 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1036 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1037 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1038 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1041 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1042 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1043 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1044 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1047 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1048 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1050 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1051 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1054 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1055 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1056 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1060 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1061 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1062 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1065 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1066 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1069 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1070 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1071 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1072 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1075 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1076 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1077 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1078 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1079 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1082 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1085 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1086 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1087 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1088 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1091 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1092 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1093 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1097 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1098 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1099 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1100 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1101 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1105 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1106 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1109 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1112 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1113 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1114 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1115 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1116 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1117 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1121 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1122 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1123 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1124 previously contained a line like
1125 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1126 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1127 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1131 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1132 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1133 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1134 built with the old headers.
1137 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1138 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1139 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1140 installing a new libc.
1143 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1144 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1145 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1146 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1147 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1148 packages will be needed.
1150 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1151 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1152 and the install steps.
1155 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1156 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1157 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1158 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1159 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1160 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1163 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1164 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1165 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1166 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1167 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1169 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1170 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1171 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1172 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1173 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1175 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1176 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1177 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1178 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1179 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1180 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1183 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1184 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1185 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1186 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1187 quirks entry to 0x3.
1190 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1191 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1192 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1195 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1196 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1199 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1200 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1201 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1202 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1203 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1204 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1205 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1206 stale .depend files.
1209 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1210 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1211 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1215 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1216 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1217 make -C sys/boot install
1218 <reboot in single user>
1220 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1224 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1225 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1226 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1229 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1230 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1231 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1232 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1233 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1234 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1237 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1238 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1239 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1240 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1241 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1244 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1245 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1246 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1247 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1248 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1251 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1252 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1255 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1256 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1257 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1260 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1261 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1262 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1266 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1267 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1268 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1269 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1270 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1271 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1274 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1275 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1276 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1277 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1281 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1282 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1283 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1286 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1287 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1288 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1290 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1291 collation results will be different.
1293 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1294 locales before running make installworld.
1296 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1299 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1300 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1303 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1304 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1305 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1308 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1309 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1310 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1311 and 'make -N' will not.
1314 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1315 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1316 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1317 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1318 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1319 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1320 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1321 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1324 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1325 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1326 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1327 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1330 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1331 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1332 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1335 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1336 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1337 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1338 userland debug files.
1340 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1341 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1342 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1344 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1345 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1348 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1349 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1350 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1351 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1352 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1353 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1356 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1357 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1358 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1361 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1362 them, the kernel must have
1365 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1367 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1368 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1369 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1370 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1372 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1373 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1376 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1377 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1378 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1381 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1382 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1383 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1384 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1386 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1387 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1388 difference with this change.
1390 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1391 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1392 remove that workaround.
1395 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1396 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1397 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1400 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1403 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1404 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1405 loader.rc.local instead.
1408 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1409 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1410 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1413 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1414 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1415 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1417 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1418 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1421 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1422 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1423 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1424 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1425 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1426 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1427 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1428 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1429 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1430 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1431 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1432 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1435 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1436 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1438 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1439 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1440 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1442 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1443 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1445 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1446 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1447 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1449 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1450 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1451 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1452 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1454 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1455 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1456 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1457 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1459 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1460 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1461 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1462 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1463 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1464 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1465 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1466 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1470 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1471 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1474 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1475 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1478 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1479 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1480 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1481 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1482 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1485 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1486 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1487 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1488 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1491 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1492 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1493 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1494 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1495 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1496 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1497 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1499 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1500 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1501 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1502 replace it with '2'.
1503 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1504 a file path, create a new file with:
1505 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1506 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1507 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1508 5. Restart sendmail:
1509 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1511 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1515 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1516 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1517 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1518 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1521 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1524 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1525 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1526 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1529 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1530 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1533 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1534 same but content is different now
1535 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1536 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1537 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1538 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1539 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1542 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1543 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1544 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1547 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1548 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1551 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1552 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1555 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1556 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1557 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1560 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1561 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1562 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1563 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1566 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1567 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1568 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1571 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1572 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1573 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1574 kernel before rebooting.
1577 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1578 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1579 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1580 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1581 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1582 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1585 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1586 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1587 with the new kernel.
1590 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1591 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1592 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1595 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1596 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1597 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1598 are not already using 3.5.0.
1601 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1602 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1603 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1604 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1605 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1608 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1609 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1610 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1611 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1614 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1615 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1618 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1620 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1621 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1622 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1623 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1624 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1625 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1628 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1629 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1632 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1633 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1634 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1635 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1637 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1638 the instructions for 9.x above.
1640 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1641 default, and do not build clang.
1643 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1644 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1645 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1647 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1648 the following are most likely to appear:
1652 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1653 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1654 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1655 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1656 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1657 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1658 cast, or disable the warning.
1660 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1661 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1662 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1663 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1666 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1667 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1669 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1670 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1671 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1672 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1674 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1675 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1676 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1677 unreachable could be optimized away.
1680 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1681 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1682 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1683 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1684 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1685 the utilities will report errors.
1688 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1689 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1690 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1691 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1692 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1696 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1697 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1700 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1701 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1702 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1705 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1706 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1707 indicate what you need to do.
1709 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1710 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1711 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1713 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1714 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1718 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1719 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1723 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1724 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1728 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1732 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1733 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1734 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1735 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1736 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1737 their next update cycle.
1740 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1741 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1742 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1743 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1747 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1748 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1751 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1752 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1753 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1754 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1755 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1759 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1760 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1762 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1765 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1766 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1767 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1768 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1772 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1773 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1777 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1778 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1779 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1780 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1781 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1784 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1785 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1786 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1789 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1790 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1791 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1794 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1795 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1796 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1797 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1798 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1799 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1800 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1801 "make installworld".
1803 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1804 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1805 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1808 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1809 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1810 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1811 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1812 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1815 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1818 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1819 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1823 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1824 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1825 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1826 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1827 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1828 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1829 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1830 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1831 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1832 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1833 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1834 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1836 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1837 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1838 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1842 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1843 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1846 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1847 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1848 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1849 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1850 build hosts for older releases.
1852 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1853 r276991, respectively.
1856 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1857 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1858 will silently lack HESIOD.
1861 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1862 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1863 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1864 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1865 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1866 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1867 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1868 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1869 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1870 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1871 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1872 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1875 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1876 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1877 with command line option -W.
1880 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1881 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1882 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1883 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1884 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1887 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1890 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1891 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1894 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1895 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1896 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1897 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1898 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1901 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1902 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1903 kernel is still highly recommended.
1906 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1907 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1908 capability mode support in kernel.
1911 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1912 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1913 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1914 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1915 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1918 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1919 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1920 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1921 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1922 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1923 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1926 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1927 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1928 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1929 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1930 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1931 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1932 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1933 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1934 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1937 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1938 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1939 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1940 should change your settings to use the latter.
1943 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1944 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1945 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1946 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1947 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1950 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1951 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1952 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1954 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1956 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1959 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1966 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1967 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1968 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1969 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1970 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1971 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1972 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1974 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1975 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1976 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1977 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1978 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1980 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1981 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1982 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1983 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1984 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1985 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1986 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1987 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1990 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1991 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1992 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1993 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1995 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1996 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1997 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1998 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1999 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2000 should write them with this in mind.
2004 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2007 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2008 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2010 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2012 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2013 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2014 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2016 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2020 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2021 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2022 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2024 make kernel-toolchain
2025 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2026 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2028 To test a kernel once
2029 ---------------------
2030 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2031 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2032 debugging information) run
2033 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2034 nextboot -k testkernel
2036 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2037 -----------------------------------------------------------
2038 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2039 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2041 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2043 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2044 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2046 <reboot in single user> [3]
2053 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2054 --------------------------------------------------
2055 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2056 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2057 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2060 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2063 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2064 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2065 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2066 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2067 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2068 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2069 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2070 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2071 <reboot into current>
2072 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2073 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2077 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2078 ----------------------------------------------
2079 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2081 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2082 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2084 <reboot in single user> [3]
2091 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2092 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2093 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2094 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2095 the UPDATING entries.
2097 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2098 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2099 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2100 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2101 much fewer pitfalls.
2103 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2104 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2107 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2112 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2113 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2114 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2116 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2117 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2118 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2119 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2120 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2121 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2122 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2124 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2125 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2126 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2127 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2128 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2129 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2131 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2132 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2133 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2135 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2136 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2137 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2138 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2139 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2140 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2141 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2143 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2144 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2146 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2147 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2148 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2150 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2151 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2152 warn if it is improperly defined.
2155 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2156 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2157 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2158 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2159 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2161 Copyright information:
2163 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2165 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2166 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2167 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2169 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2170 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2171 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2172 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2173 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2174 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2175 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2176 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2177 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2178 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2179 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2181 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of