1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20220322: p15 FreeBSD-EN-22:14.tzdata
21 Timezone database information update. [EN-22:14.tzdata]
23 20220315: p14 FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi
24 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
26 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
28 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
30 20220201: p13 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
32 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
34 20220111: p12 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
35 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
39 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
41 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
43 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
45 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
47 20211103: p11 FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot
49 FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata
51 Root certificate bundle update. [EN-21:27.caroot]
53 Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization. [EN-21:28.vmci]
55 Timezone database information update. [EN-21:29.tzdata]
57 20210824: p10 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
58 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
59 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
60 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
61 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
62 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
63 FreeBSD-SA-21:17.openssl
65 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
67 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
69 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
71 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
73 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
75 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
77 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-21:17.openssl]
79 20210629: p9 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
80 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
82 libcasper assertion failures [EN-21:19.libcasper]
84 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
86 20210601: p8 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
88 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
90 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
93 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
95 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
97 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
99 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
101 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
103 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
104 FreeBSD-EN-21:10.lldb
106 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
107 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
109 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
111 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
113 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
115 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
117 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
119 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
121 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
123 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
124 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
125 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
127 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
128 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
129 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
131 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
133 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
135 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
137 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
139 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
141 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
143 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
145 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
146 FreeBSD-EN-21:03.vnet
148 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
149 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
151 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
153 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
155 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
157 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
159 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
161 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
163 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
165 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
166 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
167 FreeBSD-EN-20:21.ipfw
168 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
169 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
170 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
172 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
174 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
176 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
178 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
180 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
182 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
187 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
188 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
189 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
190 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
192 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
195 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
197 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
199 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
202 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
203 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
204 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
206 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
207 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
208 for improved performance.
210 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
211 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
214 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
215 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
216 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
217 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
220 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
221 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
222 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
223 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
226 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
227 re-enable it for the entire system with the
228 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
230 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
231 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
232 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
233 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
236 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
237 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
238 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
239 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
240 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
241 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
244 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
245 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
246 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
247 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
250 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
251 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
252 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
253 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
254 differences between those included in the port and those included in
255 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
256 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
257 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
260 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
261 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
262 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
263 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
266 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
267 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
268 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
269 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
270 add superio to the set.
273 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
274 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
275 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
276 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
277 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
278 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
281 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
282 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
283 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
284 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
287 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
288 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
289 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
290 your scripts, because they had no effect.
292 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
293 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
294 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
295 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
296 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
299 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
300 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
301 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
302 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
305 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
306 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
307 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
308 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
309 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
310 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
311 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
314 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
315 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
316 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
317 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
320 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
321 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
322 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
325 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
326 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
327 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
331 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
332 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
333 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
336 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
337 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
338 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
342 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
343 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
347 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
348 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
349 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
350 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
351 is loaded automatically.
354 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
355 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
356 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
357 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
358 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
362 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
363 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
364 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
365 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
368 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
369 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
370 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
371 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
375 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
379 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
380 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
383 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
384 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
385 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
386 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
387 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
388 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
389 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
390 that as you will get better support.
392 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
393 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
394 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
395 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
397 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
398 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
399 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
400 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
404 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
405 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
406 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
407 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
408 be adjusted as necessary.
411 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
412 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
413 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
414 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
417 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
418 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
419 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
420 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
424 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
425 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
426 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
427 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
431 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
432 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
433 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
434 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
435 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
436 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
439 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
440 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
441 default since FreeBSD-11.
444 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
445 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
446 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
449 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
450 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
451 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
452 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
453 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
454 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
455 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
457 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
458 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
461 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
462 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
463 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
464 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
465 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
466 may not be observed in a future release.
469 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
470 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
474 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
475 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
476 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
477 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
480 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
481 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
482 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
483 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
487 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
488 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
489 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
492 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
493 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
494 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
495 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
496 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
499 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
500 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
501 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
502 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
503 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
504 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
507 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
508 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
509 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
513 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
514 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
515 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
518 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
519 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
520 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
521 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
522 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
523 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
524 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
525 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
526 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
527 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
531 Big endian arm support has been removed.
534 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
535 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
536 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
537 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
538 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
541 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
542 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
543 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
544 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
545 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
546 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
549 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
550 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
553 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
554 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
555 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
556 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
557 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
558 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
559 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
562 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
563 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
564 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
568 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
569 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
570 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
573 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
574 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
577 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
578 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
582 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
583 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
584 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
585 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
588 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
589 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
590 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
594 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
595 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
596 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
600 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
601 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
602 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
603 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
604 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
605 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
608 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
609 workaround is necessary.
612 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
613 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
614 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
615 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
618 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
619 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
620 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
621 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
622 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
625 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
626 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
627 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
628 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
631 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
632 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
633 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
637 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
638 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
642 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
643 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
647 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
648 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
649 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
650 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
651 microseconds and time zone offsets.
653 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
654 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
655 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
656 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
657 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
658 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
659 adjustments, depending on the software used.
661 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
662 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
665 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
668 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
669 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
670 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
672 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
674 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
675 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
676 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
677 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
678 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
679 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
680 thus expected to continue to function as before.
682 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
686 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
687 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
688 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
691 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
692 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
693 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
694 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
695 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
696 should be as simple as:
698 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
699 $ make depend all install
702 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
703 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
704 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
705 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
706 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
707 provisions for backup boot methods.
710 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
711 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
712 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
715 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
716 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
717 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
721 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
722 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
723 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
725 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
726 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
729 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
730 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
731 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
732 from kernel config files.
735 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
736 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
737 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
739 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
740 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
743 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
744 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
745 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
746 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
749 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
750 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
753 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
754 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
755 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
756 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
759 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
760 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
761 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
762 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
763 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
764 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
767 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
768 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
769 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
772 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
773 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
774 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
775 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
776 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
779 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
780 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
781 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
782 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
783 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
787 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
788 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
789 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
790 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
791 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
792 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
793 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
794 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
795 than hardcoding paths.
798 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
799 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
800 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
803 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
804 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
805 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
806 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
809 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
810 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
813 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
814 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
815 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
816 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
819 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
820 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
821 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
822 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
823 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
826 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
827 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
828 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
829 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
833 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
834 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
835 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
836 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
837 soft-float everything else should be affected.
840 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
841 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
844 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
845 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
849 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
850 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
854 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
855 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
856 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
857 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
859 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
860 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
861 sandbox if successful.
863 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
864 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
865 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
866 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
867 an unprivileged user.
870 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
871 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
872 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
873 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
874 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
875 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
876 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
877 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
878 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
879 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
880 to which you should answer yes.
883 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
884 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
885 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
886 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
887 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
890 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
891 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
892 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
895 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
896 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
899 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
900 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
901 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
902 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
903 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
904 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
905 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
908 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
909 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
910 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
911 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
912 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
913 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
916 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
917 if you require the GPL compiler.
920 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
921 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
922 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
925 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
926 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
927 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
931 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
932 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
933 from ports (and recommends to install it).
934 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
935 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
936 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
939 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
940 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
941 which only require one chipset support.
943 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
947 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
948 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
949 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
951 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
952 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
955 * load the chip modules in question
956 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
958 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
959 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
961 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
964 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
965 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
966 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
968 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
969 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
970 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
972 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
973 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
974 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
975 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
976 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
980 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
981 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
982 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
985 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
986 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
987 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
990 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
991 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
992 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
993 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
994 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
995 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
996 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
999 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1000 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1001 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1002 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1005 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1006 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1007 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1010 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1011 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1012 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1015 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1016 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1018 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1019 via one of the following methods:
1020 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1021 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1022 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1023 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1025 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1028 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1029 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1030 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1031 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1035 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1036 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1037 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1038 be prefixed with colon.
1041 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1042 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1043 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1046 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1047 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1048 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1051 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1052 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1053 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1057 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1061 MCA bus support has been removed.
1064 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1065 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1068 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1069 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1072 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1073 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1074 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1077 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1078 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1079 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1082 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1083 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1084 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1087 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1088 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1089 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1092 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1093 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1094 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1095 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1098 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1099 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1101 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1102 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1105 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1106 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1107 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1111 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1112 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1113 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1116 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1117 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1120 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1121 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1122 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1123 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1126 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1127 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1128 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1129 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1130 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1133 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1136 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1137 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1138 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1139 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1142 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1143 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1144 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1148 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1149 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1150 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1151 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1152 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1156 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1157 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1160 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1163 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1164 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1165 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1166 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1167 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1168 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1172 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1173 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1174 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1175 previously contained a line like
1176 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1177 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1178 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1182 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1183 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1184 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1185 built with the old headers.
1188 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1189 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1190 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1191 installing a new libc.
1194 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1195 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1196 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1197 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1198 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1199 packages will be needed.
1201 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1202 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1203 and the install steps.
1206 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1207 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1208 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1209 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1210 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1211 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1214 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1215 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1216 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1217 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1218 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1220 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1221 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1222 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1223 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1224 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1226 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1227 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1228 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1229 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1230 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1231 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1234 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1235 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1236 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1237 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1238 quirks entry to 0x3.
1241 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1242 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1243 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1246 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1247 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1250 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1251 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1252 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1253 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1254 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1255 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1256 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1257 stale .depend files.
1260 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1261 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1262 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1266 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1267 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1268 make -C sys/boot install
1269 <reboot in single user>
1271 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1275 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1276 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1277 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1280 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1281 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1282 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1283 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1284 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1285 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1288 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1289 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1290 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1291 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1292 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1295 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1296 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1297 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1298 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1299 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1302 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1303 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1306 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1307 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1308 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1311 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1312 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1313 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1317 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1318 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1319 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1320 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1321 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1322 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1325 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1326 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1327 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1328 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1332 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1333 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1334 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1337 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1338 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1339 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1341 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1342 collation results will be different.
1344 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1345 locales before running make installworld.
1347 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1350 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1351 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1354 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1355 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1356 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1359 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1360 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1361 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1362 and 'make -N' will not.
1365 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1366 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1367 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1368 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1369 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1370 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1371 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1372 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1375 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1376 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1377 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1378 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1381 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1382 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1383 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1386 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1387 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1388 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1389 userland debug files.
1391 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1392 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1393 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1395 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1396 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1399 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1400 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1401 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1402 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1403 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1404 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1407 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1408 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1409 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1412 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1413 them, the kernel must have
1416 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1418 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1419 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1420 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1421 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1423 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1424 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1427 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1428 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1429 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1432 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1433 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1434 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1435 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1437 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1438 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1439 difference with this change.
1441 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1442 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1443 remove that workaround.
1446 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1447 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1448 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1451 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1454 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1455 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1456 loader.rc.local instead.
1459 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1460 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1461 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1464 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1465 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1466 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1468 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1469 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1472 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1473 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1474 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1475 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1476 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1477 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1478 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1479 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1480 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1481 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1482 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1483 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1486 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1487 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1489 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1490 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1491 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1493 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1494 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1496 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1497 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1498 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1500 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1501 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1502 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1503 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1505 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1506 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1507 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1508 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1510 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1511 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1512 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1513 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1514 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1515 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1516 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1517 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1521 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1522 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1525 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1526 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1529 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1530 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1531 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1532 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1533 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1536 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1537 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1538 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1539 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1542 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1543 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1544 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1545 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1546 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1547 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1548 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1550 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1551 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1552 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1553 replace it with '2'.
1554 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1555 a file path, create a new file with:
1556 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1557 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1558 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1559 5. Restart sendmail:
1560 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1562 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1566 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1567 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1568 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1569 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1572 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1575 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1576 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1577 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1580 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1581 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1584 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1585 same but content is different now
1586 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1587 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1588 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1589 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1590 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1593 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1594 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1595 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1598 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1599 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1602 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1603 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1606 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1607 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1608 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1611 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1612 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1613 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1614 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1617 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1618 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1619 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1622 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1623 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1624 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1625 kernel before rebooting.
1628 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1629 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1630 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1631 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1632 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1633 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1636 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1637 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1638 with the new kernel.
1641 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1642 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1643 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1646 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1647 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1648 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1649 are not already using 3.5.0.
1652 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1653 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1654 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1655 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1656 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1659 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1660 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1661 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1662 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1665 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1666 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1669 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1671 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1672 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1673 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1674 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1675 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1676 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1679 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1680 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1683 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1684 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1685 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1686 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1688 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1689 the instructions for 9.x above.
1691 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1692 default, and do not build clang.
1694 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1695 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1696 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1698 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1699 the following are most likely to appear:
1703 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1704 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1705 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1706 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1707 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1708 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1709 cast, or disable the warning.
1711 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1712 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1713 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1714 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1717 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1718 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1720 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1721 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1722 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1723 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1725 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1726 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1727 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1728 unreachable could be optimized away.
1731 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1732 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1733 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1734 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1735 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1736 the utilities will report errors.
1739 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1740 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1741 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1742 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1743 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1747 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1748 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1751 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1752 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1753 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1756 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1757 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1758 indicate what you need to do.
1760 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1761 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1762 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1764 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1765 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1769 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1770 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1774 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1775 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1779 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1783 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1784 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1785 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1786 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1787 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1788 their next update cycle.
1791 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1792 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1793 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1794 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1798 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1799 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1802 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1803 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1804 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1805 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1806 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1810 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1811 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1813 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1816 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1817 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1818 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1819 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1823 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1824 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1828 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1829 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1830 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1831 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1832 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1835 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1836 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1837 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1840 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1841 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1842 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1845 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1846 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1847 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1848 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1849 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1850 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1851 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1852 "make installworld".
1854 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1855 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1856 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1859 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1860 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1861 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1862 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1863 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1866 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1869 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1870 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1874 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1875 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1876 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1877 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1878 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1879 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1880 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1881 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1882 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1883 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1884 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1885 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1887 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1888 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1889 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1893 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1894 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1897 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1898 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1899 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1900 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1901 build hosts for older releases.
1903 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1904 r276991, respectively.
1907 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1908 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1909 will silently lack HESIOD.
1912 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1913 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1914 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1915 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1916 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1917 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1918 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1919 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1920 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1921 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1922 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1923 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1926 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1927 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1928 with command line option -W.
1931 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1932 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1933 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1934 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1935 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1938 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1941 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1942 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1945 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1946 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1947 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1948 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1949 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1952 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1953 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1954 kernel is still highly recommended.
1957 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1958 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1959 capability mode support in kernel.
1962 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1963 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1964 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1965 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1966 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1969 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1970 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1971 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1972 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1973 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1974 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1977 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1978 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1979 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1980 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1981 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1982 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1983 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1984 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1985 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1988 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1989 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1990 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1991 should change your settings to use the latter.
1994 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1995 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1996 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1997 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1998 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2001 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2002 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2003 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2005 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2007 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2010 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2017 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2018 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2019 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2020 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2021 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2022 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2023 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2025 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2026 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2027 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2028 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2029 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2031 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2032 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2033 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2034 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2035 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2036 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2037 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2038 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2041 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2042 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2043 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2044 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2046 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2047 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2048 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2049 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2050 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2051 should write them with this in mind.
2055 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2058 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2059 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2061 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2063 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2064 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2065 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2067 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2071 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2072 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2073 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2075 make kernel-toolchain
2076 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2077 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2079 To test a kernel once
2080 ---------------------
2081 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2082 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2083 debugging information) run
2084 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2085 nextboot -k testkernel
2087 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2088 -----------------------------------------------------------
2089 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2090 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2092 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2094 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2095 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2097 <reboot in single user> [3]
2104 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2105 --------------------------------------------------
2106 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2107 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2108 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2111 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2114 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2115 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2116 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2117 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2118 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2119 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2120 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2121 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2122 <reboot into current>
2123 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2124 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2128 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2129 ----------------------------------------------
2130 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2132 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2133 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2135 <reboot in single user> [3]
2142 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2143 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2144 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2145 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2146 the UPDATING entries.
2148 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2149 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2150 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2151 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2152 much fewer pitfalls.
2154 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2155 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2158 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2163 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2164 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2165 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2167 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2168 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2169 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2170 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2171 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2172 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2173 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2175 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2176 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2177 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2178 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2179 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2180 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2182 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2183 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2184 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2186 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2187 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2188 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2189 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2190 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2191 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2192 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2194 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2195 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2197 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2198 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2199 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2201 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2202 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2203 warn if it is improperly defined.
2206 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2207 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2208 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2209 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2210 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2212 Copyright information:
2214 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2216 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2217 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2218 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2220 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2221 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2222 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2223 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2224 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2225 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2226 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2227 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2228 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2229 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2230 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2232 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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