1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20180927 p15 FreeBSD-EN-18:09.ip
20 FreeBSD-EN-18:10.syscall
21 FreeBSD-EN-18:11.listen
24 Fix regression in IPv6 fragment reassembly. [EN-18:09.ip]
26 Fix NULL pointer dereference in freebsd4_getfsstat. [EN-18:10.syscall]
28 Fix DoS in listen syscall over IPv6 socket. [EN-18:11.listen]
30 Fix small kernel memory disclosures. [EN-18:12.mem]
32 20180912 p14 FreeBSD-SA-18:12.elf
33 FreeBSD-EN-18:08.lazyfpu
35 Fix improper elf header parsing. [SA-18:12.elf]
37 Fix regression in Lazy FPU remediation. [EN-18:08.lazyfpu]
39 20180814 p13 FreeBSD-SA-18:08.tcp [revised]
42 FreeBSD-SA-18:11.hostapd
44 Revise manual pages. [SA-18:08.tcp]
46 Fix L1 Terminal Fault (L1TF) kernel information disclosure.
49 Fix resource exhaustion in IP fragment reassembly. [SA-18:10.ip]
51 Fix unauthenticated EAPOL-Key decryption vulnerability.
54 20180806 p12 FreeBSD-SA-18:08.tcp
56 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly.
58 20180621 p11 FreeBSD-SA-18:07.lazyfpu
61 Fix Lazy FPU information disclosure. [SA-18:07.lazyfpu]
63 Fix TLB shootdown for Xen based guests. [EN-18:07.pmap]
65 20180508 p10 FreeBSD-SA-18:06.debugreg
67 FreeBSD-EN-18:06.tzdata
69 Fix mishandling of x86 debug exceptions. [SA-18:06.debugreg]
71 Fix multiple small kernel memory disclosures. [EN-18:05.mem]
73 Update timezone database information. [EN-18:06.tzdata]
75 20180404 p9 FreeBSD-SA-18:04.vt
76 FreeBSD-SA-18:05.ipsec
77 FreeBSD-EN-18:03.tzdata
80 Fix vt console memory disclosure. [SA-18:04.vt]
82 Fix ipsec crash or denial of service. [SA-18:05.ipsec]
84 Update timezone database information. [EN-18:03.tzdata]
86 Fix multiple small kernel memory disclosures. [EN-18:04.mem]
88 20180314 p8 FreeBSD-SA-18:03.speculative_execution
90 Add mitigations for two classes of speculative execution vulnerabilities
93 20180307 p7 FreeBSD-SA-18:01.ipsec
95 FreeBSD-EN-18:01.tzdata
98 Fix ipsec validation and use-after-free. [SA-18:01.ipsec]
100 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in ntp. [SA-18:02.ntp]
102 Update timezone database information. [EN-18:01.tzdata]
104 Update file(1) to new version with security update. [EN-18:02.file]
106 20171209 p6 FreeBSD-SA-17:12.openssl
108 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
110 20171129 p5 FreeBSD-SA-17:11.openssl
112 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
114 20171115 p4 FreeBSD-SA-17:08.ptrace
115 FreeBSD-SA-17:10.kldstat
117 Fix ptrace(2) vulnerability. [SA-17:08.ptrace]
119 Fix kldstat(2) vulnerability. [SA-17:10.kldstat]
121 20171102 p3 FreeBSD-EN-17:09.tzdata
123 Update timezone database information. [EN-17:09]
125 20171017 p2 FreeBSD-SA-17:07.wpa
127 Fix WPA2 protocol vulnerability. [SA-17:07]
129 20170810 p1 FreeBSD-SA-17:06.openssh
130 FreeBSD-EN-17:07.vnet
133 Fix OpenSSH Denial of Service vulnerability. [SA-17:06]
135 Fix VNET kernel panic with asynchronous I/O. [EN-17:07]
137 Fix pf(4) housekeeping thread causes kernel panic. [EN-17:08]
143 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
144 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
145 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
146 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
149 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
150 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
152 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
153 via one of the following methods:
154 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
155 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
156 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
157 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
159 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
162 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
163 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
164 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
165 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
169 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
170 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
171 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
174 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
175 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
176 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
177 This allows keep state to specified without forcing keep frags
178 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
179 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
180 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
183 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
184 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
185 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
188 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
189 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
190 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
194 Many changes in the IPsec code have been merged from the FreeBSD-CURRENT
195 branch. The IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL kernel option is removed in favour of
196 corresponding sysctl. The IPSEC_NAT_T kernel option is also removed,
197 and now NAT-T is supported by default. Security associations now use
198 the single namespace for SPI allocation, so if you use several manually
199 configured security associations with the same SPI, this configuration
203 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
204 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
205 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
208 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
209 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
210 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
213 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
214 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
215 that link against it need to be recompiled.
218 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
219 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
220 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
221 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
224 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
225 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
226 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
227 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
230 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
231 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
232 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
233 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
234 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
235 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
239 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
240 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
241 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
242 previously contained a line like
243 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
244 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
245 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
249 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
250 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
251 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
252 built with the old headers.
255 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
256 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
257 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
258 installing a new libc.
261 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
262 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
263 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
264 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
265 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
266 packages will be needed.
268 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
269 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
270 and the install steps.
273 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
274 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
275 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
276 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
277 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
278 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
281 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
282 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
283 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
284 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
285 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
287 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
288 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
289 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
290 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
291 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
293 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
294 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
295 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
296 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
297 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
298 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
301 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
302 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
303 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
304 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
308 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
309 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
310 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
313 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
314 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
317 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
318 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
319 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
320 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
321 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
322 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
323 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
327 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
328 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
329 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
333 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
334 make -C sys/boot install
335 <reboot in single user>
337 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
341 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
342 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
343 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
346 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
347 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
348 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
349 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
350 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
351 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
354 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
355 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
356 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
357 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
358 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
361 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
362 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
363 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
364 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
365 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
368 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
369 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
372 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
373 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
374 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
377 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
378 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
379 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
383 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
384 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
385 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
386 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
387 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
388 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
391 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
392 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
393 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
394 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
398 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
399 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
400 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
403 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
404 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
405 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
407 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
408 collation results will be different.
410 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
411 locales before running make installworld.
413 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
416 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
417 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
420 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
421 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
422 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
425 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
426 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
427 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
428 and 'make -N' will not.
431 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
432 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
433 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
434 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
435 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
436 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
437 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
438 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
441 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
442 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
443 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
444 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
447 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
448 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
449 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
452 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
453 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
454 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
455 userland debug files.
457 When using the supported kernel installation method the
458 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
459 as is done with /boot/kernel.
461 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
462 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
465 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
466 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
467 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
468 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
469 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
470 rc.d scripts in /etc.
473 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
474 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
475 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
478 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
479 them, the kernel must have
482 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
484 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
485 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
486 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
487 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
489 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
490 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
493 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
494 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
495 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
498 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
499 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
500 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
501 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
503 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
504 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
505 difference with this change.
507 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
508 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
509 remove that workaround.
512 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
513 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
514 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
517 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
520 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
521 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
522 loader.rc.local instead.
525 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
526 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
527 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
530 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
531 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
532 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
534 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
535 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
538 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
539 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
540 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
541 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
542 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
543 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
544 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
545 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
546 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
547 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
548 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
549 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
552 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
553 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
555 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
556 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
557 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
559 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
560 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
562 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
563 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
564 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
566 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
567 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
568 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
569 and it is assumed you know what you need.
571 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
572 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
573 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
574 behaviour from your security subsystems.
576 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
577 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
578 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
579 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
580 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
581 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
582 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
583 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
587 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
588 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
591 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
592 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
595 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
596 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work
597 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
598 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
599 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
602 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
603 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
604 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
605 with Kyuafile and kyua.
608 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
609 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
610 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
611 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
612 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
613 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
614 2048 bit DH parameter by:
616 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
617 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
618 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
620 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
621 a file path, create a new file with:
622 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
623 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
624 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
626 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
628 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
632 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
633 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
634 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
635 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
638 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
641 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
642 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
643 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
646 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
647 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
650 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
651 same but content is different now
652 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
653 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
654 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
655 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
656 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
659 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
660 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
661 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
664 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
665 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
668 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
669 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
672 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
673 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
674 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
677 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
678 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
679 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
680 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
683 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
684 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
685 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
688 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
689 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
690 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
691 kernel before rebooting.
694 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
695 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
696 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
697 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
698 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
699 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
702 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
703 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
707 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
708 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
709 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
712 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
713 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
714 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
715 are not already using 3.5.0.
718 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
719 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
720 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
721 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
722 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
725 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
726 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
727 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
728 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
731 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
732 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
735 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
737 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
738 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
739 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
740 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
741 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
742 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
745 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
746 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
749 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
750 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
751 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
752 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
754 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
755 the instructions for 9.x above.
757 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
758 default, and do not build clang.
760 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
761 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
762 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
764 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
765 the following are most likely to appear:
769 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
770 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
771 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
772 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
773 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
774 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
775 cast, or disable the warning.
777 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
778 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
779 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
780 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
783 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
784 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
786 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
787 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
788 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
789 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
791 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
792 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
793 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
794 unreachable could be optimized away.
797 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
798 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
799 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
800 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
801 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
802 the utilities will report errors.
805 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
806 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
807 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
808 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
809 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
813 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
814 has been obsolete for a very long time.
817 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
818 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
819 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
822 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
823 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
824 indicate what you need to do.
826 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
827 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
828 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
830 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
831 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
835 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
836 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
840 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
841 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
845 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
849 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
850 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
851 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
852 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
853 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
854 their next update cycle.
857 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
858 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
859 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
860 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
864 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
865 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
868 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
869 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
870 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
871 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
872 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
876 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
877 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
879 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
882 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
883 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
884 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
885 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
889 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
890 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
894 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
895 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
896 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
897 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
898 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
901 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
902 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
903 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
906 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
907 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
908 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
911 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
912 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
913 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
914 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
915 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
916 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
917 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
920 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
921 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
922 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
925 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
926 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
927 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
928 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
929 be removed during a clean upgrade.
932 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
935 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
936 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
940 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
941 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
942 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
943 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
944 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
945 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
946 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
947 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
948 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
949 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
950 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
951 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
953 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
954 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
955 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
959 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
960 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
963 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
964 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
965 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
966 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
967 build hosts for older releases.
969 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
970 r276991, respectively.
973 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
974 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
975 will silently lack HESIOD.
978 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
979 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
980 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
981 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
982 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
983 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
984 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
985 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
986 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
987 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
988 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
989 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
992 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
993 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
994 with command line option -W.
997 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
998 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
999 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1000 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1001 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1004 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1007 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1008 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1011 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1012 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1013 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1014 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1015 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1018 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1019 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1020 kernel is still highly recommended.
1023 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1024 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1025 capability mode support in kernel.
1028 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1029 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1030 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1031 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1032 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1035 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1036 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1037 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1038 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1039 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1040 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1043 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1044 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1045 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1046 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1047 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1048 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1049 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1050 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1051 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1054 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1055 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1056 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1057 should change your settings to use the latter.
1060 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1061 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1062 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1063 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1064 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1067 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1068 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1069 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1071 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1073 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1076 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1080 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1081 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1082 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1083 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1084 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
1085 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1087 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1088 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1089 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1090 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
1091 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1092 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1094 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1095 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1099 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
1100 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1101 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1102 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1104 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1105 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1106 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1107 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1110 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1111 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1112 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1115 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1116 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
1117 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
1118 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1121 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1122 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1123 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1124 options in src.conf.
1127 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1128 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1129 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1133 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1134 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1135 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1136 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1137 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1138 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1141 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
1142 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
1143 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1146 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1147 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1148 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1151 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
1152 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1153 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1154 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1155 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1156 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1159 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1160 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
1161 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1163 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1164 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
1165 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1166 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1167 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1170 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1171 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
1172 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1173 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1174 to r253970 or later.
1177 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1178 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1179 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1182 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1184 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1185 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1186 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1187 old as well as the new version of find.
1190 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1191 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1192 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1193 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1194 subdirectories must be reviewed.
1197 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1198 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1199 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1201 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1203 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1204 users are advised to upgrade.
1207 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1208 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1211 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1212 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1213 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1216 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1217 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1218 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1219 write access to that file.
1222 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
1223 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1226 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1228 make: illegal option -- J
1229 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1231 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
1233 this likely due to an old instance of make in
1234 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1235 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1236 you see the above error:
1238 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1243 Use bmake by default.
1244 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1245 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1246 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1248 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1249 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1250 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1251 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1252 behavior in parallel build.
1255 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1258 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1259 the IDEA patent expired.
1262 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1263 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1267 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1268 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1269 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1270 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1271 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1272 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1273 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1277 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1278 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
1279 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1280 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1284 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1285 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1286 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1287 binaries will not work on older kernels.
1290 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1291 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1294 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1295 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1296 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1297 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1300 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1301 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1302 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1303 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1304 in /boot/loader.conf.
1307 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1308 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1309 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1310 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
1311 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1314 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
1315 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1317 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1318 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1321 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1322 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1323 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1324 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1325 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1328 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1329 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1330 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1331 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1332 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1336 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1337 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
1338 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1339 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1340 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
1341 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1342 use is expected to be extremely rare.
1345 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1346 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1347 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1350 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1351 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1352 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1356 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
1357 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1358 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1363 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1364 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1365 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1368 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1369 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1370 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1371 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1372 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1373 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1376 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1377 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1378 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1379 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
1380 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1381 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1382 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1386 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1387 functionality now turned on by default.
1390 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1391 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1392 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1393 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1394 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1395 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1396 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1397 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1398 of the two kernel options.
1401 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1402 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1403 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1404 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1407 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1408 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1412 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1413 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1414 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1417 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1418 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1419 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1420 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1421 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1424 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1425 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1426 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1427 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1430 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1433 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1434 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1435 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1439 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1440 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1444 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1445 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
1446 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1449 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1450 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1451 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1452 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1453 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1457 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1458 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1461 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1462 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1463 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1464 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1468 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1469 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1470 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1473 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
1474 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
1475 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1478 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1479 with other variables:
1480 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1481 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1484 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
1485 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1486 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
1487 installed as "bsdsort".
1490 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1491 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1492 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1493 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1494 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1495 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1496 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1497 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1498 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1501 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1502 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
1503 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1504 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1505 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
1506 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1510 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
1511 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
1512 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1513 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
1514 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1515 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1516 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1519 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1523 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
1524 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1525 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1526 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1527 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1528 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1531 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1532 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1533 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
1534 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1535 comes from 20111215.
1538 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
1539 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1540 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1541 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1543 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1544 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1547 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1548 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1549 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1551 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1554 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1555 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1556 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1557 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1558 not supported anymore.
1560 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1561 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1562 need to be recompiled.
1565 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1569 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1570 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1571 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1575 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1576 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1579 sysinstall has been removed
1582 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1583 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1589 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1590 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1591 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1592 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1593 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1594 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1595 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1597 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1598 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1599 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1600 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1601 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1603 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1604 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1605 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1606 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1607 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1609 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1610 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1611 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1612 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1614 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1615 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1616 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1617 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1618 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1619 should write them with this in mind.
1623 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1626 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1627 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1629 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1631 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1632 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1633 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1635 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1639 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1640 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1641 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1643 make kernel-toolchain
1644 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1645 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1647 To test a kernel once
1648 ---------------------
1649 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1650 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1651 debugging information) run
1652 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1653 nextboot -k testkernel
1655 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1656 --------------------------------------------------------------
1657 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1658 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1659 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1661 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1662 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1663 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1668 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1670 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1671 -----------------------------------------------------------
1672 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1673 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1675 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1677 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1679 <reboot in single user> [3]
1686 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1687 --------------------------------------------------
1688 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1689 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1690 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1693 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1696 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1697 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1698 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1699 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1700 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1701 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1702 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1703 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1704 <reboot into current>
1705 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1706 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1710 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1711 ----------------------------------------------
1712 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1714 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1716 <reboot in single user> [3]
1723 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1724 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1725 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1726 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1727 the UPDATING entries.
1729 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1730 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1731 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1732 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1733 much fewer pitfalls.
1735 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1736 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1739 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1744 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1745 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1746 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1748 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1749 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1750 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1751 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1752 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1753 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1754 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1756 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1757 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1758 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1759 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1760 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1761 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1763 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1764 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1765 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1767 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1768 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1769 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1770 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1771 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1772 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1774 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1775 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1777 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1778 cvs prune empty directories.
1780 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1781 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1782 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1784 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1785 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1786 warn if it is improperly defined.
1789 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1790 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1791 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1792 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1793 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1795 Copyright information:
1797 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1799 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1800 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1801 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1803 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1804 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1805 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1806 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1807 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1808 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1809 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1810 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1811 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1812 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1813 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1815 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of