1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
15 13.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert
18 FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio
21 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
23 Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket [FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert]
25 mpt(4) I/O errors with a large maxphys value [FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt]
27 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
29 virtio(4) device probing fails [FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio]
31 dc update [FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc]
33 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
35 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
41 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
42 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
44 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
46 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
49 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
51 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
54 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
57 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
59 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
62 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
63 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
67 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
70 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
71 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
72 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
73 since it was bumped so recently.
76 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
77 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
78 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
79 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
82 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
83 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
84 requires a clean build.
87 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
88 instructions can be found at
89 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
90 and other documents in that repo.
93 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
94 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
95 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
96 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
99 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
100 may be installed from ports or packages.
103 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
104 See ping(8) for details.
107 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
108 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
109 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
111 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
112 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
113 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
114 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
115 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
118 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
119 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
120 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
121 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
122 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
126 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
127 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
128 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
129 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
131 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
132 command you want to un-auger the tree is
135 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
136 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
139 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
140 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
141 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
142 unless you want to use new features.
144 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
145 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
146 rebuilding world may fail.
148 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
149 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
151 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
152 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
153 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
154 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
157 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
158 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
159 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
160 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
163 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
164 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
168 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
169 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
172 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
173 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
174 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
175 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
178 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
179 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
180 from sources, so a version bump was done.
183 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
184 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
185 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
186 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
189 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
190 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
191 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
192 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
193 continue to function.
195 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
196 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
197 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
198 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
201 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
202 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
203 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
204 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
205 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
206 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
207 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
210 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
211 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
214 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
215 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
216 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
219 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
220 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
221 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
222 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
224 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
225 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
226 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
227 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
231 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
232 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
233 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
234 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
237 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
238 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
241 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
242 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
243 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
244 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
245 be functional without closefrom(2).
248 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
249 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
250 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
251 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
252 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
253 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
256 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
257 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
258 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
259 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
262 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
263 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
264 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
267 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
270 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
271 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
272 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
275 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
276 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
279 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
280 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
281 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
285 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
286 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
290 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
291 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
292 together with their new kernel.
295 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
296 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
297 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
299 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
300 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
303 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
307 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
308 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
309 external toolchain package.
312 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
313 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
314 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
315 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
316 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
319 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
320 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
321 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
322 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
325 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
326 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
327 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
331 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
334 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
335 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
336 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
337 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
340 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
341 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
342 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
345 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
346 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
347 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
348 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
349 differences between those included in the port and those included in
350 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
351 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
352 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
355 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
356 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
360 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
361 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
362 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
363 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
364 add superio to the set.
367 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
368 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
371 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
372 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
373 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
374 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
375 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
376 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
377 completely in the future.
380 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
381 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
382 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
383 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
384 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
385 will be removed from the list.
388 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
389 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
390 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
391 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
394 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
395 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
396 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
397 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
400 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
401 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
402 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
403 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
406 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
407 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
408 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
411 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
412 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
413 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
414 your scripts, because they had no effect.
416 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
417 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
418 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
419 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
420 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
423 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
424 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
425 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
426 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
427 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
428 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
429 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
432 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
433 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
434 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
435 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
438 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
439 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
440 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
441 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
444 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
445 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
446 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
449 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
450 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
451 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
452 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
453 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
454 avoid running into the limit.
457 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
458 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
461 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
462 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
463 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
464 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
465 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
466 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
469 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
470 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
473 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
474 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
475 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
476 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
477 availability properties.
479 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
480 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
481 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
482 initial condition, if desired.
484 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
485 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
487 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
488 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
489 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
490 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
493 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
494 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
495 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
496 therefore unblocked).
499 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
500 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
501 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
502 is added to the command line.
503 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
504 not affected and should continue to work.
507 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
508 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
509 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
510 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
513 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
514 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
515 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
519 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
520 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
524 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
525 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
526 migrating to the drm ports.
529 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
530 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
531 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
532 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
533 is loaded automatically.
536 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
537 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
538 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
542 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
543 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
544 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
545 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
548 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
549 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
550 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
551 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
552 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
556 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
557 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
558 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
560 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
561 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
563 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
564 removed from the mips port.
567 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
568 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
569 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
573 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
574 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
577 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
578 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
579 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
580 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
583 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
584 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
585 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
588 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
589 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
590 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
594 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
595 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
596 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
598 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
599 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
600 being included using the command:
604 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
605 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
608 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
609 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
610 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
611 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
612 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
613 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
614 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
615 that as you will get better support.
617 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
618 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
619 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
620 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
622 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
623 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
624 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
625 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
629 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
630 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
631 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
632 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
633 be adjusted as necessary.
636 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
637 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
638 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
639 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
642 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
643 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
644 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
645 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
649 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
650 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
651 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
652 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
656 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
657 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
658 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
659 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
660 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
661 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
664 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
665 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
666 default since FreeBSD-11.
669 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
670 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
671 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
674 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
675 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
676 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
677 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
678 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
679 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
680 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
682 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
683 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
686 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
687 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
688 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
689 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
690 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
691 may not be observed in a future release.
694 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
695 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
699 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
700 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
701 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
702 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
705 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
706 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
707 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
708 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
712 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
713 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
714 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
717 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
718 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
719 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
720 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
721 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
724 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
725 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
726 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
727 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
728 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
729 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
732 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
733 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
734 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
738 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
739 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
740 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
743 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
744 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
745 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
746 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
747 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
748 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
749 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
750 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
751 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
752 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
756 Big endian arm support has been removed.
759 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
760 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
761 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
762 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
763 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
766 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
767 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
768 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
769 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
770 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
771 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
774 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
775 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
778 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
779 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
780 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
781 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
782 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
783 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
784 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
787 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
788 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
789 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
793 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
794 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
795 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
799 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
800 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
803 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
804 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
808 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
809 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
810 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
811 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
814 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
815 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
816 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
820 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
821 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
822 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
826 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
827 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
828 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
829 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
830 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
831 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
834 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
835 workaround is necessary.
838 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
839 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
840 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
841 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
844 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
845 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
846 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
847 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
848 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
851 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
852 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
853 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
854 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
857 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
858 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
859 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
863 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
864 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
868 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
869 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
873 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
874 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
875 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
876 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
877 microseconds and time zone offsets.
879 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
880 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
881 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
882 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
883 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
884 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
885 adjustments, depending on the software used.
887 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
888 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
891 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
894 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
895 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
896 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
898 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
900 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
901 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
902 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
903 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
904 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
905 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
906 thus expected to continue to function as before.
908 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
912 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
913 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
914 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
917 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
918 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
919 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
920 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
921 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
922 should be as simple as:
924 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
925 $ make depend all install
928 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
929 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
930 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
931 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
932 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
933 provisions for backup boot methods.
936 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
937 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
938 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
942 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
943 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
944 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
948 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
949 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
950 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
952 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
953 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
956 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
957 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
958 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
959 remove it from kernel config files.
962 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
963 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
964 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
966 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
967 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
970 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
971 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
972 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
973 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
976 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
977 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
980 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
981 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
982 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
983 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
986 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
987 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
988 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
989 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
990 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
991 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
994 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
995 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
996 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
999 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1000 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1001 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1002 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1003 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1006 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1007 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1008 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1009 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1010 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1014 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1015 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1016 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1017 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1018 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1019 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1020 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1021 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1022 than hardcoding paths.
1025 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1026 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1027 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1030 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1031 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1032 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1033 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1036 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1037 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1040 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1041 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1042 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1043 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1046 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1047 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1048 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1049 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1050 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1053 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1054 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1055 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1056 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1060 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1061 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1062 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1063 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1064 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1067 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1068 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1071 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1072 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1076 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1077 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1081 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1082 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1083 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1084 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1086 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1087 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1088 sandbox if successful.
1090 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1091 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1092 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1093 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1094 an unprivileged user.
1097 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1098 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1099 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1100 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1101 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1102 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1103 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1104 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1105 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1106 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1107 to which you should answer yes.
1110 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1111 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1112 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1113 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1114 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1117 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1118 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1119 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1122 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1123 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1126 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1127 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1128 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1129 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1130 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1131 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1132 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1135 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1136 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1137 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1138 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1139 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1140 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1143 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1144 if you require the GPL compiler.
1147 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1148 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1149 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1152 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1153 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1154 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1158 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1159 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1160 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1161 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1162 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1163 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1166 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1167 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1168 which only require one chipset support.
1170 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1174 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1175 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1176 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1178 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1179 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1182 * load the chip modules in question
1183 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1185 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1186 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1188 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1191 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1192 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1193 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1195 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1196 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1197 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1199 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1200 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1201 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1202 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1203 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1204 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1205 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1206 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1209 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1210 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1211 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1214 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1215 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1216 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1219 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1220 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1221 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1222 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1223 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1224 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1225 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1228 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1229 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1230 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1231 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1234 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1235 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1236 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1239 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1240 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1241 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1244 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1245 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1247 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1248 via one of the following methods:
1249 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1250 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1251 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1252 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1254 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1257 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1258 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1259 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1260 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1264 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1265 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1266 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1267 be prefixed with colon.
1270 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1271 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1272 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1275 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1276 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1277 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1280 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1281 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1282 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1286 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1290 MCA bus support has been removed.
1293 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1294 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1297 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1298 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1301 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1302 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1303 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1307 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1308 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1309 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1312 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1313 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1314 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1317 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1318 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1319 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1322 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1323 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1324 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1325 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1328 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1329 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1331 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1332 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1335 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1336 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1337 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1341 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1342 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1343 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1346 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1347 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1350 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1351 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1352 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1353 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1356 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1357 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1358 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1359 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1360 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1363 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1366 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1367 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1368 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1369 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1372 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1373 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1374 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1378 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1379 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1380 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1381 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1382 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1386 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1387 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1390 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1393 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1394 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1395 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1396 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1397 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1398 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1402 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1403 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1404 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1405 previously contained a line like
1406 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1407 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1408 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1412 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1413 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1414 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1415 built with the old headers.
1418 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1419 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1420 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1421 installing a new libc.
1424 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1425 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1426 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1427 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1428 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1429 packages will be needed.
1431 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1432 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1433 and the install steps.
1436 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1437 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1438 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1439 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1440 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1441 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1444 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1445 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1446 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1447 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1448 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1450 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1451 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1452 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1453 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1454 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1456 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1457 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1458 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1459 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1460 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1461 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1464 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1465 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1466 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1467 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1468 quirks entry to 0x3.
1471 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1472 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1473 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1476 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1477 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1480 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1481 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1482 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1483 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1484 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1485 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1486 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1487 stale .depend files.
1490 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1491 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1492 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1496 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1497 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1498 make -C sys/boot install
1499 <reboot in single user>
1501 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1505 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1506 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1507 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1510 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1511 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1512 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1513 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1514 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1515 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1518 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1519 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1520 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1521 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1522 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1525 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1526 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1527 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1528 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1529 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1532 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1533 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1536 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1537 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1538 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1541 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1542 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1543 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1547 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1548 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1549 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1550 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1551 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1552 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1555 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1556 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1557 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1558 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1562 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1563 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1564 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1567 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1568 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1569 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1571 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1572 collation results will be different.
1574 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1575 locales before running make installworld.
1577 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1580 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1581 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1584 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1585 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1586 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1589 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1590 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1591 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1592 and 'make -N' will not.
1595 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1596 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1597 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1598 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1599 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1600 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1601 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1602 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1605 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1606 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1607 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1608 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1611 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1612 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1613 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1616 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1617 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1618 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1619 userland debug files.
1621 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1622 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1623 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1625 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1626 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1629 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1630 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1631 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1632 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1633 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1634 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1637 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1638 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1639 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1642 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1643 them, the kernel must have
1646 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1648 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1649 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1650 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1651 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1653 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1654 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1657 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1658 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1659 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1662 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1663 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1664 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1665 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1667 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1668 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1669 difference with this change.
1671 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1672 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1673 remove that workaround.
1676 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1677 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1678 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1681 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1684 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1685 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1686 loader.rc.local instead.
1689 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1690 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1691 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1694 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1695 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1696 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1698 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1699 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1702 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1703 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1704 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1705 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1706 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1707 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1708 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1709 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1710 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1711 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1712 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1713 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1716 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1717 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1719 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1720 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1721 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1723 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1724 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1726 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1727 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1728 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1730 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1731 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1732 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1733 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1735 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1736 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1737 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1738 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1740 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1741 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1742 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1743 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1744 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1745 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1746 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1747 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1751 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1752 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1755 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1756 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1759 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1760 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1761 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1762 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1763 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1766 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1767 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1768 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1769 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1772 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1773 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1774 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1775 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1776 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1777 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1778 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1780 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1781 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1782 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1783 replace it with '2'.
1784 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1785 a file path, create a new file with:
1786 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1787 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1788 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1789 5. Restart sendmail:
1790 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1792 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1796 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1797 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1798 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1799 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1802 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1805 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1806 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1807 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1810 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1811 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1814 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1815 same but content is different now
1816 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1817 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1818 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1819 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1820 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1823 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1824 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1825 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1828 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1829 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1832 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1833 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1836 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1837 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1838 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1841 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1842 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1843 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1844 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1847 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1848 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1849 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1852 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1853 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1854 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1855 kernel before rebooting.
1858 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1859 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1860 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1861 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1862 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1863 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1866 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1867 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1868 with the new kernel.
1871 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1872 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1873 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1876 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1877 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1878 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1879 are not already using 3.5.0.
1882 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1883 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1884 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1885 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1886 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1889 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1890 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1891 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1892 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1895 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1896 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1899 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1901 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1902 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1903 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1904 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1905 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1906 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1909 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1910 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1913 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1914 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1915 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1916 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1918 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1919 the instructions for 9.x above.
1921 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1922 default, and do not build clang.
1924 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1925 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1926 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1928 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1929 the following are most likely to appear:
1933 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1934 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1935 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1936 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1937 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1938 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1939 cast, or disable the warning.
1941 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1942 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1943 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1944 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1947 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1948 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1950 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1951 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1952 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1953 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1955 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1956 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1957 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1958 unreachable could be optimized away.
1961 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1962 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1963 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1964 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1965 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1966 the utilities will report errors.
1969 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1970 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1971 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1972 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1973 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1977 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1978 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1981 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1982 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1983 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1986 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1987 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1988 indicate what you need to do.
1990 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1991 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1992 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1994 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1995 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1999 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2000 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2004 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2005 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2009 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2013 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2014 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2015 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2016 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2017 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2018 their next update cycle.
2021 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2022 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2023 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2024 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2028 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2029 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2032 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2033 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2034 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2035 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2036 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2040 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2041 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2043 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2046 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2047 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2048 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2049 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2053 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2054 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2058 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2059 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2060 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2061 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2062 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2065 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2066 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2067 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2070 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2071 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2072 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2075 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2076 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2077 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2078 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2079 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2080 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2081 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2082 "make installworld".
2084 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2085 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2086 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2089 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2090 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2091 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2092 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2093 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2096 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2099 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2100 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2104 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2105 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2106 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2107 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2108 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2109 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2110 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2111 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2112 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2113 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2114 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2115 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2117 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2118 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2119 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2123 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2124 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2127 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2128 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2129 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2130 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2131 build hosts for older releases.
2133 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2134 r276991, respectively.
2137 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2138 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2139 will silently lack HESIOD.
2142 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2143 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2144 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2145 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2146 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2147 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2148 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2149 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2150 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2151 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2152 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2153 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2156 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2157 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2158 with command line option -W.
2161 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2162 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2163 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2164 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2165 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2168 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2171 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2172 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2175 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2176 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2177 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2178 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2179 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2182 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2183 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2184 kernel is still highly recommended.
2187 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2188 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2189 capability mode support in kernel.
2192 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2193 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2194 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2195 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2196 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2199 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2200 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2201 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2202 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2203 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2204 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2207 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2208 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2209 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2210 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2211 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2212 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2213 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2214 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2215 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2218 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2219 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2220 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2221 should change your settings to use the latter.
2224 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2225 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2226 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2227 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2228 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2231 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2232 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2233 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2235 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2237 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2240 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2247 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2248 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2249 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2250 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2251 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2252 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2253 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2254 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2256 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2257 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2258 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2259 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2260 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2261 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2262 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2263 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2266 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2267 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2268 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2269 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2272 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2273 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2274 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2275 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2277 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2278 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2279 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2280 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2281 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2282 should write them with this in mind.
2286 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2289 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2290 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2292 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2294 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2295 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2296 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2297 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2300 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2304 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2305 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2306 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2308 make kernel-toolchain
2309 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2310 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2312 To test a kernel once
2313 ---------------------
2314 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2315 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2316 debugging information) run
2317 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2318 nextboot -k testkernel
2320 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2321 -----------------------------------------------------------
2322 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2323 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2325 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2327 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2328 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2330 <reboot in single user> [3]
2337 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2338 --------------------------------------------------
2339 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2340 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2341 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2344 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2347 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2348 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2349 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2350 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2351 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2352 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2353 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2354 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2355 <reboot into current>
2356 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2357 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2361 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2362 ----------------------------------------------
2363 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2365 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2366 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2368 <reboot in single user> [3]
2375 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2376 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2377 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2378 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2379 the UPDATING entries.
2381 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2382 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2383 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2384 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2385 much fewer pitfalls.
2387 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2388 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2389 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2390 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2391 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2392 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2393 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2394 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2396 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2398 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2402 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2403 cd src # full path to source
2404 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2405 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2406 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2408 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2409 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2410 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2411 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2412 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2413 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2414 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2416 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2417 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2418 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2419 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2420 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2421 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2423 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2424 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2425 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2427 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2428 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2429 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2430 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2431 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2432 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2433 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2434 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2436 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2437 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2438 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2441 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2442 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2443 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2445 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2446 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2447 warn if it is improperly defined.
2450 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2451 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2452 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2453 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2454 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2456 Copyright information:
2458 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2460 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2461 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2462 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2464 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2465 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2466 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2467 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2468 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2469 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2470 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2471 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2472 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2473 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2474 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2476 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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