1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/13 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
15 13.0-RELEASE-p5 FreeBSD-EN-21:26.libevent
16 FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot
18 FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata
20 Fix libevent1 ABI breakage. [EN-21:26.libevent]
22 Root certificate bundle update. [EN-21:27.caroot]
24 Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization. [EN-21:28.vmci]
26 Timezone database information update. [EN-21:29.tzdata]
29 13.0-RELEASE-p4 FreeBSD-EN-21:23.virtio_blk
30 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
31 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
32 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
33 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
34 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
35 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
37 Fix virtio_blk(4) failing to attach on some hypervisors. [EN-21:23.virtio_blk]
39 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
41 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
43 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
45 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
47 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
49 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
52 13.0-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:18.libc++
53 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
56 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
58 Missing C++20 headers in libc++ [EN-21:18.libc++]
60 libcasper assertion failure [EN-21:19.libcasper]
62 Missing backwards compatibility in vlan(4) [EN-21:20.vlan]
64 Kernel panic with ipfw link-layer filtering enabled [EN-21:21.ipfw]
66 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
69 13.0-RELEASE-p2 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
71 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
74 13.0-RELEASE-p1 FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert
77 FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio
80 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
82 Kernel double free when transmitting on a divert socket [FreeBSD-EN-21:12.divert]
84 mpt(4) I/O errors with a large maxphys value [FreeBSD-EN-21:13.mpt]
86 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
88 virtio(4) device probing fails [FreeBSD-EN-21:15.virtio]
90 dc update [FreeBSD-EN-21:16.bc]
92 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
94 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
100 13.0-RC5-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:08.vm
101 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
103 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
105 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
108 13.0-RC3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
110 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
113 13.0-BETA3-p1 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
116 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
118 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
121 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
122 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1300139
126 The stable/13 branch has been created from main.
129 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
130 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
131 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
132 since it was bumped so recently.
135 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
136 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of
137 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
138 be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
141 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
142 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
143 requires a clean build.
146 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
147 instructions can be found at
148 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
149 and other documents in that repo.
152 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
153 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
154 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
155 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
158 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb)
159 may be installed from ports or packages.
162 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
163 See ping(8) for details.
166 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
167 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
168 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
170 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
171 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
172 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
173 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
174 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
177 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
178 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
179 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
180 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
181 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
185 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
186 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
187 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
188 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
190 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
191 command you want to un-auger the tree is
194 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
195 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
198 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
199 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
200 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
201 unless you want to use new features.
203 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
204 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
205 rebuilding world may fail.
207 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
208 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
210 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
211 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
212 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
213 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
216 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
217 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
218 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
219 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
222 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
223 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
227 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
228 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
231 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
232 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
233 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
234 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
237 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
238 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
239 from sources, so a version bump was done.
242 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
243 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
244 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
245 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
248 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
249 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
250 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
251 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
252 continue to function.
254 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
255 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
256 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
257 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
260 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
261 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
262 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
263 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
264 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
265 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
266 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
269 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
270 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
273 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
274 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
275 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
278 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
279 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
280 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
281 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
283 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
284 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
285 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
286 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
290 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
291 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
292 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
293 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
296 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
297 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
300 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
301 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
302 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
303 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
304 be functional without closefrom(2).
307 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
308 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
309 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
310 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
311 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
312 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
315 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
316 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
317 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
318 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
321 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
322 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
323 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
326 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
329 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
330 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
331 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
334 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
335 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
338 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
339 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
340 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
344 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
345 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
349 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
350 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
351 together with their new kernel.
354 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
355 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
356 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
358 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
359 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
362 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
366 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
367 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
368 external toolchain package.
371 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
372 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
373 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
374 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
375 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
378 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
379 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
380 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
381 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
384 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
385 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
386 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
390 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
393 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
394 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
395 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
396 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
399 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
400 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
401 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
404 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
405 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
406 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
407 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
408 differences between those included in the port and those included in
409 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
410 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
411 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
414 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
415 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
419 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
420 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
421 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
422 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
423 add superio to the set.
426 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
427 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
430 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
431 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
432 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
433 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
434 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
435 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
436 completely in the future.
439 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
440 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
441 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
442 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
443 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
444 will be removed from the list.
447 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
448 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
449 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
450 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
453 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
454 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
455 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
456 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
459 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
460 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
461 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
462 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
465 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
466 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
467 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
470 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
471 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
472 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
473 your scripts, because they had no effect.
475 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
476 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
477 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
478 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
479 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
482 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
483 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
484 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
485 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
486 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
487 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
488 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
491 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
492 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
493 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
494 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
497 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
498 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
499 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
500 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
503 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
504 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
505 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
508 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
509 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
510 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
511 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
512 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
513 avoid running into the limit.
516 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
517 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
520 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
521 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
522 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
523 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
524 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
525 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
528 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
529 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
532 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
533 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
534 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
535 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
536 availability properties.
538 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
539 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
540 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
541 initial condition, if desired.
543 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
544 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
546 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
547 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
548 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
549 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
552 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
553 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
554 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
555 therefore unblocked).
558 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
559 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
560 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
561 is added to the command line.
562 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
563 not affected and should continue to work.
566 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
567 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
568 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
569 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
572 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
573 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
574 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
578 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
579 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
583 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
584 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
585 migrating to the drm ports.
588 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
589 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
590 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
591 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
592 is loaded automatically.
595 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
596 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
597 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
601 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
602 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
603 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
604 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
607 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
608 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
609 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
610 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
611 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
615 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
616 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
617 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
619 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
620 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
622 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
623 removed from the mips port.
626 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
627 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
628 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
632 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
633 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
636 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
637 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
638 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
639 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
642 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
643 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
644 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
647 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
648 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
649 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
653 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
654 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
655 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
657 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
658 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
659 being included using the command:
663 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
664 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
667 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
668 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
669 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
670 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
671 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
672 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
673 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
674 that as you will get better support.
676 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
677 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
678 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
679 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
681 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
682 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
683 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
684 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
688 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
689 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
690 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
691 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
692 be adjusted as necessary.
695 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
696 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
697 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
698 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
701 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
702 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
703 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
704 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
708 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
709 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
710 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
711 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
715 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
716 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
717 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
718 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
719 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
720 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
723 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
724 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
725 default since FreeBSD-11.
728 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
729 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
730 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
733 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
734 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
735 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
736 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
737 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
738 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
739 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
741 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
742 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
745 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
746 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
747 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
748 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
749 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
750 may not be observed in a future release.
753 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
754 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
758 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
759 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
760 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
761 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
764 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
765 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
766 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
767 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
771 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
772 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
773 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
776 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
777 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
778 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
779 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
780 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
783 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
784 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
785 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
786 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
787 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
788 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
791 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
792 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
793 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
797 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
798 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
799 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
802 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
803 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
804 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
805 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
806 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
807 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
808 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
809 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
810 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
811 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
815 Big endian arm support has been removed.
818 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
819 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
820 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
821 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
822 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
825 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
826 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
827 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
828 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
829 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
830 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
833 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
834 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
837 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
838 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
839 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
840 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
841 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
842 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
843 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
846 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
847 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
848 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
852 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
853 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
854 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
858 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
859 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
862 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
863 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
867 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
868 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
869 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
870 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
873 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
874 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
875 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
879 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
880 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
881 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
885 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
886 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
887 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
888 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
889 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
890 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
893 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
894 workaround is necessary.
897 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
898 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
899 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
900 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
903 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
904 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
905 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
906 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
907 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
910 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
911 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
912 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
913 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
916 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
917 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
918 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
922 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
923 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
927 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
928 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
932 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
933 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
934 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
935 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
936 microseconds and time zone offsets.
938 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
939 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
940 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
941 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
942 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
943 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
944 adjustments, depending on the software used.
946 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
947 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
950 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
953 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
954 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
955 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
957 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
959 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
960 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
961 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
962 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
963 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
964 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
965 thus expected to continue to function as before.
967 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
971 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
972 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
973 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
976 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
977 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
978 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
979 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
980 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
981 should be as simple as:
983 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
984 $ make depend all install
987 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
988 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
989 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
990 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
991 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
992 provisions for backup boot methods.
995 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
996 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
997 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1001 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1002 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1003 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1007 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1008 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1009 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1011 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1012 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1015 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1016 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1017 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1018 remove it from kernel config files.
1021 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1022 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1023 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1025 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1026 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1029 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1030 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1031 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1032 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1035 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1036 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1039 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1040 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1041 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1042 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1045 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1046 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1047 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1048 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1049 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1050 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1053 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
1054 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1055 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1058 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1059 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
1060 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
1061 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1062 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1065 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1066 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1067 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1068 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1069 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1073 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1074 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1075 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
1076 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1077 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1078 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1079 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1080 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1081 than hardcoding paths.
1084 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1085 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1086 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1089 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1090 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1091 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1092 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1095 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1096 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1099 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1100 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1101 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1102 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1105 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1106 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1107 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1108 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1109 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1112 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
1113 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1114 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
1115 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1119 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1120 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1121 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1122 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1123 soft-float everything else should be affected.
1126 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
1127 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1130 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1131 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1135 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1136 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1140 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1141 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1142 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1143 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1145 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1146 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1147 sandbox if successful.
1149 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1150 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1151 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1152 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1153 an unprivileged user.
1156 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1157 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1158 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1159 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1160 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1161 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1162 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1163 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1164 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1165 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1166 to which you should answer yes.
1169 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1170 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1171 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1172 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1173 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1176 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1177 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1178 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1181 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1182 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1185 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1186 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1187 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1188 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1189 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1190 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1191 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1194 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1195 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1196 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1197 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1198 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1199 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1202 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1203 if you require the GPL compiler.
1206 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1207 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1208 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1211 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1212 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1213 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1217 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1218 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1219 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1220 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1221 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1222 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1225 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1226 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1227 which only require one chipset support.
1229 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1233 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1234 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1235 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1237 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1238 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1241 * load the chip modules in question
1242 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1244 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1245 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1247 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1250 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1251 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1252 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1254 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1255 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1256 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1258 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1259 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1260 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1261 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1262 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1263 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1264 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1265 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1268 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1269 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1270 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1273 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1274 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1275 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1278 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1279 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1280 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1281 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1282 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1283 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1284 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1287 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1288 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1289 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1290 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1293 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1294 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1295 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1298 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1299 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1300 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1303 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1304 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1306 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1307 via one of the following methods:
1308 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1309 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1310 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1311 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1313 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1316 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1317 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1318 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1319 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1323 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1324 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1325 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1326 be prefixed with colon.
1329 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1330 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1331 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1334 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1335 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1336 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1339 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1340 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1341 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1345 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1349 MCA bus support has been removed.
1352 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1353 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1356 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1357 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1360 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1361 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1362 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1366 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1367 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1368 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1371 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1372 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1373 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1376 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1377 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1378 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1381 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1382 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1383 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1384 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1387 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1388 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1390 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1391 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1394 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1395 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1396 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1400 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1401 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1402 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1405 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1406 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1409 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1410 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1411 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1412 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1415 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1416 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1417 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1418 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1419 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1422 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1425 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1426 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1427 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1428 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1431 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1432 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1433 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1437 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1438 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1439 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1440 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1441 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1445 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1446 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1449 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1452 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1453 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1454 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1455 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1456 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1457 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1461 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1462 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1463 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1464 previously contained a line like
1465 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1466 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1467 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1471 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1472 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1473 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1474 built with the old headers.
1477 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1478 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1479 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1480 installing a new libc.
1483 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1484 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1485 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1486 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1487 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1488 packages will be needed.
1490 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1491 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1492 and the install steps.
1495 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1496 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1497 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1498 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1499 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1500 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1503 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1504 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1505 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1506 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1507 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1509 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1510 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1511 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1512 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1513 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1515 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1516 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1517 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1518 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1519 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1520 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1523 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1524 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1525 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1526 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1527 quirks entry to 0x3.
1530 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1531 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1532 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1535 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1536 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1539 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1540 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1541 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1542 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1543 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1544 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1545 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1546 stale .depend files.
1549 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1550 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1551 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1555 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1556 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1557 make -C sys/boot install
1558 <reboot in single user>
1560 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1564 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1565 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1566 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1569 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1570 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1571 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1572 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1573 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1574 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1577 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1578 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1579 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1580 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1581 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1584 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1585 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1586 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1587 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1588 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1591 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1592 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1595 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1596 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1597 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1600 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1601 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1602 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1606 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1607 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1608 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1609 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1610 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1611 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1614 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1615 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1616 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1617 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1621 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1622 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1623 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1626 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1627 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1628 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1630 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1631 collation results will be different.
1633 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1634 locales before running make installworld.
1636 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1639 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1640 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1643 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1644 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1645 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1648 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1649 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1650 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1651 and 'make -N' will not.
1654 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1655 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1656 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1657 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1658 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1659 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1660 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1661 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1664 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1665 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1666 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1667 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1670 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1671 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1672 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1675 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1676 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1677 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1678 userland debug files.
1680 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1681 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1682 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1684 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1685 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1688 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1689 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1690 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1691 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1692 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1693 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1696 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1697 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1698 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1701 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1702 them, the kernel must have
1705 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1707 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1708 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1709 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1710 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1712 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1713 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1716 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1717 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1718 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1721 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1722 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1723 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1724 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1726 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1727 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1728 difference with this change.
1730 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1731 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1732 remove that workaround.
1735 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1736 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1737 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1740 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1743 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1744 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1745 loader.rc.local instead.
1748 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1749 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1750 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1753 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1754 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1755 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1757 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1758 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1761 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1762 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1763 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1764 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1765 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1766 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1767 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1768 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1769 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1770 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1771 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1772 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1775 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1776 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1778 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1779 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1780 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1782 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1783 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1785 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1786 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1787 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1789 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1790 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1791 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1792 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1794 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1795 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1796 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1797 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1799 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1800 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1801 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1802 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1803 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1804 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1805 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1806 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1810 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1811 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1814 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1815 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1818 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1819 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1820 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1821 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1822 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1825 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1826 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1827 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1828 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1831 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1832 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1833 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1834 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1835 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1836 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1837 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1839 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1840 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1841 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1842 replace it with '2'.
1843 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1844 a file path, create a new file with:
1845 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1846 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1847 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1848 5. Restart sendmail:
1849 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1851 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1855 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1856 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1857 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1858 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1861 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1864 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1865 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1866 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1869 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1870 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1873 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1874 same but content is different now
1875 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1876 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1877 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1878 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1879 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1882 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1883 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1884 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1887 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1888 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1891 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1892 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1895 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1896 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1897 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1900 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1901 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1902 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1903 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1906 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1907 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1908 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1911 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1912 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1913 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1914 kernel before rebooting.
1917 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1918 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1919 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1920 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1921 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1922 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1925 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1926 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1927 with the new kernel.
1930 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1931 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1932 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1935 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1936 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1937 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1938 are not already using 3.5.0.
1941 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1942 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1943 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1944 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1945 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1948 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1949 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1950 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1951 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1954 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1955 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1958 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1960 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1961 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1962 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1963 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1964 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1965 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1968 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1969 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1972 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1973 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1974 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1975 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1977 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1978 the instructions for 9.x above.
1980 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1981 default, and do not build clang.
1983 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1984 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1985 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1987 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1988 the following are most likely to appear:
1992 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1993 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1994 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1995 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1996 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1997 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1998 cast, or disable the warning.
2000 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2001 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2002 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2003 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2006 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2007 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
2009 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2010 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
2011 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2012 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2014 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
2015 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2016 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2017 unreachable could be optimized away.
2020 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2021 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2022 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2023 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2024 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2025 the utilities will report errors.
2028 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2029 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2030 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
2031 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2032 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2036 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2037 has been obsolete for a very long time.
2040 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2041 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2042 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2045 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2046 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2047 indicate what you need to do.
2049 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2050 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2051 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2053 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2054 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2058 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2059 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2063 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2064 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2068 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2072 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2073 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2074 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2075 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
2076 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2077 their next update cycle.
2080 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2081 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2082 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2083 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2087 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2088 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2091 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2092 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2093 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
2094 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2095 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2099 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2100 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2102 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2105 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2106 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2107 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
2108 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2112 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2113 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2117 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2118 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
2119 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2120 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2121 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2124 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2125 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2126 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2129 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2130 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2131 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2134 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2135 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2136 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2137 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2138 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2139 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2140 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2141 "make installworld".
2143 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2144 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2145 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2148 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2149 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2150 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2151 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2152 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2155 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2158 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2159 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2163 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2164 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2165 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2166 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2167 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2168 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2169 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2170 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2171 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2172 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2173 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2174 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2176 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2177 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2178 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2182 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2183 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2186 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2187 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2188 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2189 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2190 build hosts for older releases.
2192 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2193 r276991, respectively.
2196 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2197 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2198 will silently lack HESIOD.
2201 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2202 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2203 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2204 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2205 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2206 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2207 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2208 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2209 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2210 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2211 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2212 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2215 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2216 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2217 with command line option -W.
2220 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2221 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2222 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2223 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2224 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2227 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2230 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2231 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2234 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2235 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2236 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2237 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2238 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2241 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2242 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2243 kernel is still highly recommended.
2246 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2247 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2248 capability mode support in kernel.
2251 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2252 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2253 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2254 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2255 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2258 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2259 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2260 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2261 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2262 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2263 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2266 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2267 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2268 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2269 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2270 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2271 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2272 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2273 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2274 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2277 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2278 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2279 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2280 should change your settings to use the latter.
2283 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2284 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2285 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2286 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2287 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2290 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2291 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2292 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2294 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2296 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2299 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2306 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2307 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2308 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2309 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2310 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2311 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2312 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2313 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2315 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2316 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2317 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2318 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2319 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2320 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2321 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2322 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2325 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2326 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2327 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2328 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2331 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2332 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2333 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2334 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2336 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2337 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2338 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2339 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2340 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2341 should write them with this in mind.
2345 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2348 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2349 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2351 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2353 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2354 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2355 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2356 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2359 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2363 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2364 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2365 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2367 make kernel-toolchain
2368 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2369 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2371 To test a kernel once
2372 ---------------------
2373 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2374 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2375 debugging information) run
2376 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2377 nextboot -k testkernel
2379 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2380 -----------------------------------------------------------
2381 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2382 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2384 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2386 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2387 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2389 <reboot in single user> [3]
2396 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2397 --------------------------------------------------
2398 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2399 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2400 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2403 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2406 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2407 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2408 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2409 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2410 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2411 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2412 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2413 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2414 <reboot into current>
2415 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2416 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2420 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2421 ----------------------------------------------
2422 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2424 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2425 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2427 <reboot in single user> [3]
2434 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2435 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2436 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2437 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2438 the UPDATING entries.
2440 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2441 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2442 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2443 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2444 much fewer pitfalls.
2446 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2447 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2448 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2449 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2450 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2451 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2452 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2453 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2455 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2457 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2461 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2462 cd src # full path to source
2463 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2464 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2465 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2467 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2468 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2469 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2470 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2471 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2472 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2473 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2475 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2476 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2477 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2478 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2479 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2480 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2482 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2483 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2484 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2486 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2487 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2488 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2489 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2490 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2491 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2492 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2493 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2495 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2496 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2497 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2500 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2501 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2502 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2504 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2505 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2506 warn if it is improperly defined.
2509 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2510 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2511 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2512 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2513 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2515 Copyright information:
2517 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2519 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2520 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2521 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2523 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2524 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2525 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2526 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2527 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2528 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2529 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2530 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2531 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2532 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2533 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2535 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
projects / FreeBSD / FreeBSD.git / blob