1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20220201: p13 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
21 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
23 20220111: p12 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
24 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
28 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
30 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
32 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
34 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
36 20211103: p11 FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot
38 FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata
40 Root certificate bundle update. [EN-21:27.caroot]
42 Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization. [EN-21:28.vmci]
44 Timezone database information update. [EN-21:29.tzdata]
46 20210824: p10 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
47 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
48 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
49 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
50 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
51 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
52 FreeBSD-SA-21:17.openssl
54 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
56 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
58 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
60 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
62 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
64 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
66 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-21:17.openssl]
68 20210629: p9 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
69 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
71 libcasper assertion failures [EN-21:19.libcasper]
73 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
75 20210601: p8 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
77 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
79 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
82 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
84 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
86 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
88 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
90 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
92 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
95 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
96 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
98 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
100 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
102 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
104 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
106 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
108 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
110 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
112 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
113 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
114 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
116 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
117 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
118 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
120 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
122 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
124 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
126 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
128 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
130 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
132 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
134 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
135 FreeBSD-EN-21:03.vnet
137 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
138 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
140 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
142 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
144 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
146 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
148 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
150 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
152 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
154 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
155 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
156 FreeBSD-EN-20:21.ipfw
157 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
158 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
159 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
161 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
163 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
165 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
167 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
169 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
171 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
176 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
177 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
178 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
179 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
181 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
184 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
186 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
188 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
191 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
192 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
193 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
195 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
196 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
197 for improved performance.
199 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
200 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
203 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
204 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
205 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
206 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
209 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
210 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
211 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
212 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
215 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
216 re-enable it for the entire system with the
217 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
219 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
220 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
221 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
222 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
225 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
226 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
227 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
228 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
229 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
230 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
233 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
234 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
235 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
236 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
239 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
240 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
241 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
242 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
243 differences between those included in the port and those included in
244 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
245 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
246 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
249 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
250 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
251 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
252 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
255 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
256 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
257 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
258 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
259 add superio to the set.
262 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
263 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
264 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
265 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
266 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
267 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
270 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
271 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
272 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
273 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
276 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
277 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
278 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
279 your scripts, because they had no effect.
281 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
282 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
283 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
284 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
285 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
288 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
289 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
290 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
291 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
294 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
295 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
296 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
297 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
298 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
299 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
300 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
303 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
304 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
305 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
306 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
309 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
310 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
311 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
314 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
315 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
316 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
320 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
321 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
322 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
325 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
326 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
327 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
331 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
332 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
336 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
337 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
338 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
339 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
340 is loaded automatically.
343 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
344 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
345 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
346 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
347 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
351 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
352 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
353 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
354 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
357 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
358 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
359 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
360 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
364 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
368 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
369 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
372 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
373 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
374 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
375 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
376 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
377 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
378 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
379 that as you will get better support.
381 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
382 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
383 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
384 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
386 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
387 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
388 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
389 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
393 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
394 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
395 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
396 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
397 be adjusted as necessary.
400 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
401 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
402 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
403 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
406 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
407 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
408 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
409 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
413 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
414 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
415 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
416 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
420 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
421 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
422 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
423 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
424 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
425 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
428 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
429 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
430 default since FreeBSD-11.
433 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
434 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
435 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
438 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
439 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
440 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
441 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
442 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
443 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
444 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
446 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
447 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
450 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
451 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
452 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
453 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
454 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
455 may not be observed in a future release.
458 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
459 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
463 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
464 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
465 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
466 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
469 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
470 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
471 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
472 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
476 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
477 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
478 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
481 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
482 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
483 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
484 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
485 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
488 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
489 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
490 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
491 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
492 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
493 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
496 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
497 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
498 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
502 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
503 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
504 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
507 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
508 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
509 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
510 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
511 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
512 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
513 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
514 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
515 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
516 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
520 Big endian arm support has been removed.
523 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
524 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
525 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
526 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
527 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
530 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
531 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
532 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
533 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
534 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
535 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
538 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
539 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
542 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
543 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
544 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
545 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
546 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
547 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
548 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
551 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
552 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
553 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
557 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
558 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
559 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
562 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
563 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
566 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
567 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
571 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
572 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
573 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
574 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
577 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
578 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
579 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
583 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
584 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
585 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
589 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
590 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
591 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
592 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
593 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
594 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
597 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
598 workaround is necessary.
601 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
602 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
603 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
604 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
607 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
608 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
609 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
610 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
611 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
614 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
615 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
616 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
617 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
620 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
621 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
622 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
626 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
627 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
631 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
632 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
636 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
637 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
638 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
639 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
640 microseconds and time zone offsets.
642 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
643 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
644 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
645 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
646 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
647 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
648 adjustments, depending on the software used.
650 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
651 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
654 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
657 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
658 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
659 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
661 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
663 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
664 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
665 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
666 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
667 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
668 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
669 thus expected to continue to function as before.
671 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
675 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
676 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
677 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
680 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
681 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
682 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
683 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
684 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
685 should be as simple as:
687 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
688 $ make depend all install
691 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
692 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
693 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
694 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
695 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
696 provisions for backup boot methods.
699 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
700 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
701 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
704 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
705 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
706 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
710 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
711 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
712 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
714 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
715 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
718 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
719 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
720 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
721 from kernel config files.
724 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
725 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
726 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
728 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
729 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
732 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
733 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
734 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
735 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
738 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
739 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
742 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
743 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
744 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
745 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
748 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
749 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
750 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
751 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
752 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
753 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
756 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
757 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
758 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
761 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
762 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
763 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
764 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
765 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
768 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
769 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
770 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
771 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
772 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
776 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
777 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
778 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
779 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
780 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
781 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
782 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
783 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
784 than hardcoding paths.
787 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
788 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
789 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
792 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
793 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
794 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
795 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
798 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
799 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
802 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
803 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
804 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
805 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
808 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
809 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
810 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
811 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
812 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
815 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
816 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
817 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
818 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
822 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
823 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
824 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
825 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
826 soft-float everything else should be affected.
829 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
830 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
833 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
834 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
838 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
839 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
843 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
844 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
845 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
846 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
848 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
849 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
850 sandbox if successful.
852 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
853 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
854 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
855 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
856 an unprivileged user.
859 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
860 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
861 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
862 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
863 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
864 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
865 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
866 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
867 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
868 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
869 to which you should answer yes.
872 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
873 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
874 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
875 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
876 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
879 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
880 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
881 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
884 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
885 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
888 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
889 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
890 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
891 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
892 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
893 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
894 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
897 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
898 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
899 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
900 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
901 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
902 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
905 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
906 if you require the GPL compiler.
909 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
910 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
911 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
914 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
915 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
916 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
920 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
921 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
922 from ports (and recommends to install it).
923 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
924 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
925 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
928 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
929 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
930 which only require one chipset support.
932 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
936 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
937 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
938 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
940 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
941 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
944 * load the chip modules in question
945 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
947 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
948 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
950 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
953 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
954 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
955 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
957 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
958 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
959 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
961 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
962 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
963 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
964 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
965 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
969 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
970 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
971 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
974 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
975 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
976 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
979 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
980 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
981 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
982 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
983 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
984 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
985 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
988 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
989 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
990 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
991 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
994 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
995 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
996 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
999 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1000 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1001 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1004 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1005 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1007 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1008 via one of the following methods:
1009 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1010 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1011 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1012 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1014 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1017 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1018 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1019 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1020 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1024 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1025 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1026 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1027 be prefixed with colon.
1030 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1031 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1032 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1035 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1036 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1037 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1040 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1041 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1042 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1046 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1050 MCA bus support has been removed.
1053 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1054 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1057 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1058 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1061 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1062 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1063 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1066 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1067 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1068 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1071 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1072 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1073 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1076 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1077 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1078 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1081 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1082 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1083 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1084 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1087 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1088 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1090 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1091 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1094 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1095 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1096 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1100 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1101 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1102 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1105 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1106 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1109 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1110 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1111 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1112 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1115 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1116 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1117 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1118 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1119 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1122 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1125 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1126 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1127 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1128 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1131 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1132 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1133 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1137 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1138 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1139 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1140 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1141 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1145 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1146 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1149 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1152 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1153 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1154 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1155 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1156 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1157 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1161 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1162 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1163 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1164 previously contained a line like
1165 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1166 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1167 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1171 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1172 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1173 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1174 built with the old headers.
1177 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1178 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1179 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1180 installing a new libc.
1183 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1184 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1185 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1186 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1187 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1188 packages will be needed.
1190 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1191 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1192 and the install steps.
1195 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1196 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1197 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1198 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1199 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1200 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1203 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1204 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1205 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1206 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1207 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1209 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1210 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1211 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1212 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1213 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1215 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1216 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1217 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1218 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1219 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1220 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1223 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1224 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1225 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1226 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1227 quirks entry to 0x3.
1230 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1231 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1232 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1235 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1236 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1239 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1240 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1241 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1242 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1243 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1244 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1245 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1246 stale .depend files.
1249 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1250 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1251 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1255 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1256 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1257 make -C sys/boot install
1258 <reboot in single user>
1260 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1264 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1265 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1266 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1269 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1270 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1271 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1272 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1273 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1274 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1277 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1278 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1279 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1280 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1281 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1284 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1285 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1286 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1287 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1288 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1291 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1292 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1295 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1296 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1297 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1300 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1301 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1302 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1306 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1307 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1308 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1309 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1310 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1311 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1314 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1315 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1316 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1317 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1321 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1322 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1323 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1326 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1327 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1328 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1330 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1331 collation results will be different.
1333 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1334 locales before running make installworld.
1336 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1339 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1340 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1343 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1344 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1345 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1348 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1349 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1350 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1351 and 'make -N' will not.
1354 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1355 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1356 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1357 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1358 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1359 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1360 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1361 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1364 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1365 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1366 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1367 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1370 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1371 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1372 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1375 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1376 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1377 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1378 userland debug files.
1380 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1381 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1382 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1384 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1385 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1388 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1389 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1390 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1391 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1392 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1393 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1396 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1397 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1398 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1401 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1402 them, the kernel must have
1405 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1407 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1408 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1409 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1410 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1412 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1413 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1416 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1417 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1418 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1421 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1422 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1423 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1424 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1426 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1427 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1428 difference with this change.
1430 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1431 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1432 remove that workaround.
1435 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1436 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1437 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1440 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1443 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1444 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1445 loader.rc.local instead.
1448 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1449 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1450 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1453 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1454 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1455 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1457 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1458 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1461 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1462 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1463 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1464 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1465 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1466 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1467 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1468 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1469 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1470 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1471 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1472 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1475 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1476 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1478 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1479 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1480 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1482 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1483 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1485 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1486 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1487 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1489 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1490 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1491 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1492 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1494 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1495 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1496 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1497 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1499 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1500 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1501 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1502 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1503 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1504 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1505 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1506 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1510 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1511 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1514 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1515 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1518 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1519 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1520 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1521 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1522 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1525 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1526 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1527 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1528 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1531 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1532 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1533 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1534 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1535 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1536 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1537 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1539 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1540 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1541 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1542 replace it with '2'.
1543 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1544 a file path, create a new file with:
1545 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1546 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1547 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1548 5. Restart sendmail:
1549 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1551 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1555 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1556 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1557 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1558 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1561 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1564 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1565 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1566 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1569 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1570 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1573 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1574 same but content is different now
1575 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1576 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1577 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1578 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1579 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1582 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1583 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1584 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1587 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1588 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1591 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1592 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1595 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1596 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1597 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1600 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1601 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1602 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1603 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1606 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1607 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1608 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1611 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1612 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1613 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1614 kernel before rebooting.
1617 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1618 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1619 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1620 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1621 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1622 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1625 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1626 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1627 with the new kernel.
1630 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1631 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1632 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1635 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1636 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1637 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1638 are not already using 3.5.0.
1641 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1642 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1643 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1644 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1645 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1648 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1649 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1650 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1651 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1654 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1655 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1658 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1660 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1661 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1662 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1663 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1664 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1665 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1668 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1669 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1672 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1673 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1674 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1675 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1677 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1678 the instructions for 9.x above.
1680 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1681 default, and do not build clang.
1683 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1684 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1685 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1687 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1688 the following are most likely to appear:
1692 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1693 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1694 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1695 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1696 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1697 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1698 cast, or disable the warning.
1700 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1701 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1702 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1703 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1706 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1707 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1709 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1710 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1711 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1712 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1714 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1715 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1716 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1717 unreachable could be optimized away.
1720 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1721 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1722 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1723 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1724 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1725 the utilities will report errors.
1728 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1729 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1730 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1731 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1732 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1736 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1737 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1740 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1741 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1742 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1745 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1746 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1747 indicate what you need to do.
1749 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1750 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1751 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1753 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1754 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1758 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1759 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1763 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1764 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1768 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1772 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1773 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1774 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1775 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1776 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1777 their next update cycle.
1780 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1781 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1782 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1783 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1787 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1788 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1791 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1792 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1793 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1794 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1795 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1799 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1800 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1802 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1805 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1806 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1807 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1808 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1812 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1813 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1817 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1818 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1819 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1820 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1821 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1824 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1825 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1826 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1829 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1830 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1831 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1834 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1835 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1836 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1837 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1838 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1839 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1840 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1841 "make installworld".
1843 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1844 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1845 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1848 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1849 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1850 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1851 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1852 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1855 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1858 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1859 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1863 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1864 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1865 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1866 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1867 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1868 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1869 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1870 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1871 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1872 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1873 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1874 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1876 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1877 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1878 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1882 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1883 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1886 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1887 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1888 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1889 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1890 build hosts for older releases.
1892 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1893 r276991, respectively.
1896 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1897 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1898 will silently lack HESIOD.
1901 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1902 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1903 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1904 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1905 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1906 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1907 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1908 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1909 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1910 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1911 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1912 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1915 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1916 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1917 with command line option -W.
1920 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1921 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1922 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1923 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1924 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1927 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1930 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1931 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1934 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1935 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1936 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1937 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1938 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1941 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1942 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1943 kernel is still highly recommended.
1946 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1947 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1948 capability mode support in kernel.
1951 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1952 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1953 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1954 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1955 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1958 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1959 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1960 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1961 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1962 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1963 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1966 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1967 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1968 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1969 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1970 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1971 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1972 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1973 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1974 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1977 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1978 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1979 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1980 should change your settings to use the latter.
1983 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1984 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1985 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1986 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1987 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1990 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1991 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1992 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1994 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1996 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1999 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2006 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2007 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2008 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2009 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2010 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2011 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2012 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2014 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2015 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2016 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2017 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2018 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2020 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2021 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2022 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2023 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2024 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2025 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2026 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2027 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2030 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2031 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2032 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2033 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2035 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2036 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2037 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2038 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2039 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2040 should write them with this in mind.
2044 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2047 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2048 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2050 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2052 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2053 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2054 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2056 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2060 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2061 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2062 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2064 make kernel-toolchain
2065 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2066 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2068 To test a kernel once
2069 ---------------------
2070 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2071 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2072 debugging information) run
2073 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2074 nextboot -k testkernel
2076 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2077 -----------------------------------------------------------
2078 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2079 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2081 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2083 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2084 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2086 <reboot in single user> [3]
2093 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2094 --------------------------------------------------
2095 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2096 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2097 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2100 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2103 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2104 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2105 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2106 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2107 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2108 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2109 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2110 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2111 <reboot into current>
2112 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2113 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2117 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2118 ----------------------------------------------
2119 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2121 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2122 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2124 <reboot in single user> [3]
2131 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2132 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2133 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2134 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2135 the UPDATING entries.
2137 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2138 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2139 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2140 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2141 much fewer pitfalls.
2143 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2144 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2147 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2152 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2153 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2154 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2156 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2157 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2158 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2159 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2160 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2161 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2162 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2164 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2165 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2166 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2167 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2168 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2169 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2171 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2172 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2173 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2175 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2176 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2177 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2178 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2179 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2180 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2181 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2183 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2184 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2186 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2187 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2188 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2190 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2191 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2192 warn if it is improperly defined.
2195 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2196 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2197 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2198 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2199 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2201 Copyright information:
2203 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2205 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2206 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2207 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2209 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2210 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2211 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2212 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2213 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2214 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2215 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2216 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2217 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2218 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2219 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2221 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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