1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20220111: p12 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
20 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
24 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
26 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
28 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
30 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
32 20211103: p11 FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot
34 FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata
36 Root certificate bundle update. [EN-21:27.caroot]
38 Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization. [EN-21:28.vmci]
40 Timezone database information update. [EN-21:29.tzdata]
42 20210824: p10 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
43 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
44 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
45 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
46 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
47 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
48 FreeBSD-SA-21:17.openssl
50 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
52 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
54 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
56 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
58 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
60 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
62 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-21:17.openssl]
64 20210629: p9 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
65 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
67 libcasper assertion failures [EN-21:19.libcasper]
69 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
71 20210601: p8 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
73 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
75 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
78 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
80 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
82 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
84 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
86 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
88 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
91 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
92 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
94 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
96 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
98 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
100 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
102 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
104 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
106 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
108 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
109 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
110 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
112 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
113 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
114 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
116 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
118 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
120 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
122 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
124 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
126 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
128 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
130 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
131 FreeBSD-EN-21:03.vnet
133 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
134 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
136 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
138 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
140 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
142 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
144 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
146 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
148 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
150 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
151 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
152 FreeBSD-EN-20:21.ipfw
153 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
154 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
155 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
157 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
159 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
161 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
163 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
165 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
167 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
172 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
173 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
174 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
175 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
177 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
180 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
182 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
184 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
187 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
188 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
189 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
191 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
192 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
193 for improved performance.
195 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
196 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
199 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
200 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
201 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
202 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
205 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
206 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
207 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
208 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
211 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
212 re-enable it for the entire system with the
213 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
215 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
216 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
217 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
218 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
221 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
222 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
223 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
224 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
225 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
226 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
229 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
230 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
231 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
232 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
235 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
236 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
237 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
238 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
239 differences between those included in the port and those included in
240 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
241 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
242 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
245 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
246 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
247 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
248 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
251 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
252 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
253 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
254 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
255 add superio to the set.
258 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
259 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
260 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
261 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
262 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
263 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
266 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
267 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
268 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
269 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
272 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
273 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
274 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
275 your scripts, because they had no effect.
277 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
278 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
279 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
280 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
281 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
284 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
285 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
286 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
287 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
290 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
291 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
292 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
293 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
294 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
295 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
296 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
299 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
300 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
301 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
302 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
305 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
306 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
307 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
310 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
311 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
312 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
316 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
317 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
318 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
321 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
322 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
323 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
327 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
328 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
332 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
333 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
334 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
335 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
336 is loaded automatically.
339 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
340 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
341 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
342 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
343 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
347 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
348 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
349 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
350 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
353 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
354 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
355 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
356 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
360 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
364 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
365 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
368 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
369 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
370 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
371 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
372 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
373 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
374 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
375 that as you will get better support.
377 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
378 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
379 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
380 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
382 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
383 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
384 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
385 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
389 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
390 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
391 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
392 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
393 be adjusted as necessary.
396 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
397 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
398 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
399 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
402 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
403 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
404 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
405 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
409 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
410 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
411 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
412 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
416 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
417 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
418 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
419 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
420 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
421 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
424 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
425 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
426 default since FreeBSD-11.
429 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
430 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
431 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
434 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
435 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
436 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
437 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
438 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
439 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
440 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
442 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
443 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
446 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
447 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
448 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
449 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
450 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
451 may not be observed in a future release.
454 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
455 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
459 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
460 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
461 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
462 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
465 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
466 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
467 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
468 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
472 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
473 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
474 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
477 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
478 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
479 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
480 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
481 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
484 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
485 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
486 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
487 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
488 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
489 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
492 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
493 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
494 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
498 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
499 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
500 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
503 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
504 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
505 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
506 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
507 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
508 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
509 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
510 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
511 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
512 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
516 Big endian arm support has been removed.
519 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
520 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
521 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
522 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
523 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
526 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
527 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
528 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
529 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
530 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
531 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
534 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
535 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
538 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
539 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
540 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
541 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
542 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
543 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
544 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
547 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
548 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
549 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
553 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
554 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
555 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
558 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
559 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
562 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
563 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
567 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
568 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
569 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
570 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
573 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
574 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
575 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
579 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
580 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
581 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
585 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
586 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
587 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
588 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
589 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
590 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
593 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
594 workaround is necessary.
597 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
598 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
599 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
600 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
603 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
604 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
605 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
606 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
607 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
610 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
611 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
612 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
613 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
616 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
617 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
618 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
622 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
623 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
627 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
628 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
632 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
633 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
634 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
635 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
636 microseconds and time zone offsets.
638 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
639 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
640 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
641 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
642 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
643 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
644 adjustments, depending on the software used.
646 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
647 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
650 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
653 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
654 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
655 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
657 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
659 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
660 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
661 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
662 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
663 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
664 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
665 thus expected to continue to function as before.
667 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
671 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
672 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
673 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
676 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
677 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
678 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
679 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
680 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
681 should be as simple as:
683 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
684 $ make depend all install
687 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
688 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
689 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
690 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
691 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
692 provisions for backup boot methods.
695 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
696 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
697 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
700 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
701 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
702 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
706 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
707 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
708 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
710 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
711 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
714 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
715 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
716 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
717 from kernel config files.
720 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
721 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
722 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
724 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
725 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
728 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
729 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
730 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
731 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
734 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
735 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
738 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
739 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
740 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
741 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
744 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
745 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
746 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
747 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
748 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
749 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
752 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
753 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
754 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
757 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
758 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
759 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
760 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
761 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
764 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
765 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
766 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
767 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
768 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
772 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
773 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
774 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
775 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
776 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
777 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
778 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
779 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
780 than hardcoding paths.
783 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
784 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
785 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
788 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
789 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
790 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
791 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
794 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
795 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
798 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
799 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
800 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
801 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
804 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
805 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
806 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
807 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
808 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
811 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
812 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
813 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
814 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
818 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
819 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
820 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
821 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
822 soft-float everything else should be affected.
825 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
826 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
829 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
830 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
834 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
835 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
839 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
840 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
841 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
842 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
844 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
845 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
846 sandbox if successful.
848 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
849 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
850 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
851 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
852 an unprivileged user.
855 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
856 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
857 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
858 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
859 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
860 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
861 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
862 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
863 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
864 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
865 to which you should answer yes.
868 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
869 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
870 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
871 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
872 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
875 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
876 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
877 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
880 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
881 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
884 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
885 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
886 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
887 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
888 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
889 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
890 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
893 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
894 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
895 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
896 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
897 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
898 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
901 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
902 if you require the GPL compiler.
905 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
906 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
907 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
910 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
911 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
912 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
916 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
917 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
918 from ports (and recommends to install it).
919 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
920 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
921 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
924 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
925 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
926 which only require one chipset support.
928 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
932 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
933 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
934 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
936 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
937 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
940 * load the chip modules in question
941 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
943 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
944 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
946 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
949 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
950 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
951 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
953 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
954 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
955 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
957 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
958 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
959 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
960 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
961 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
965 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
966 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
967 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
970 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
971 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
972 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
975 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
976 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
977 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
978 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
979 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
980 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
981 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
984 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
985 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
986 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
987 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
990 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
991 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
992 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
995 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
996 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
997 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1000 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1001 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1003 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1004 via one of the following methods:
1005 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1006 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1007 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1008 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1010 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1013 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1014 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1015 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1016 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1020 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1021 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1022 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1023 be prefixed with colon.
1026 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1027 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1028 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1031 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1032 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1033 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1036 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1037 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1038 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1042 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1046 MCA bus support has been removed.
1049 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1050 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1053 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1054 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1057 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1058 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1059 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1062 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1063 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1064 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1067 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1068 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1069 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1072 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1073 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1074 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1077 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1078 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1079 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1080 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1083 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1084 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1086 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1087 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1090 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1091 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1092 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1096 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1097 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1098 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1101 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1102 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1105 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1106 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1107 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1108 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1111 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1112 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1113 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1114 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1115 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1118 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1121 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1122 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1123 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1124 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1127 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1128 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1129 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1133 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1134 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1135 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1136 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1137 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1141 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1142 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1145 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1148 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1149 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1150 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1151 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1152 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1153 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1157 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1158 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1159 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1160 previously contained a line like
1161 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1162 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1163 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1167 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1168 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1169 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1170 built with the old headers.
1173 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1174 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1175 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1176 installing a new libc.
1179 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1180 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1181 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1182 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1183 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1184 packages will be needed.
1186 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1187 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1188 and the install steps.
1191 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1192 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1193 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1194 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1195 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1196 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1199 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1200 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1201 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1202 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1203 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1205 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1206 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1207 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1208 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1209 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1211 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1212 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1213 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1214 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1215 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1216 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1219 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1220 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1221 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1222 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1223 quirks entry to 0x3.
1226 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1227 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1228 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1231 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1232 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1235 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1236 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1237 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1238 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1239 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1240 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1241 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1242 stale .depend files.
1245 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1246 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1247 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1251 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1252 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1253 make -C sys/boot install
1254 <reboot in single user>
1256 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1260 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1261 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1262 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1265 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1266 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1267 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1268 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1269 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1270 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1273 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1274 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1275 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1276 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1277 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1280 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1281 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1282 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1283 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1284 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1287 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1288 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1291 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1292 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1293 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1296 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1297 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1298 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1302 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1303 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1304 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1305 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1306 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1307 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1310 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1311 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1312 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1313 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1317 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1318 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1319 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1322 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1323 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1324 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1326 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1327 collation results will be different.
1329 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1330 locales before running make installworld.
1332 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1335 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1336 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1339 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1340 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1341 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1344 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1345 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1346 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1347 and 'make -N' will not.
1350 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1351 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1352 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1353 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1354 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1355 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1356 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1357 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1360 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1361 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1362 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1363 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1366 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1367 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1368 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1371 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1372 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1373 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1374 userland debug files.
1376 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1377 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1378 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1380 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1381 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1384 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1385 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1386 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1387 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1388 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1389 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1392 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1393 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1394 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1397 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1398 them, the kernel must have
1401 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1403 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1404 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1405 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1406 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1408 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1409 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1412 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1413 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1414 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1417 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1418 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1419 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1420 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1422 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1423 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1424 difference with this change.
1426 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1427 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1428 remove that workaround.
1431 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1432 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1433 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1436 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1439 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1440 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1441 loader.rc.local instead.
1444 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1445 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1446 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1449 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1450 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1451 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1453 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1454 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1457 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1458 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1459 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1460 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1461 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1462 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1463 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1464 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1465 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1466 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1467 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1468 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1471 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1472 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1474 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1475 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1476 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1478 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1479 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1481 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1482 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1483 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1485 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1486 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1487 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1488 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1490 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1491 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1492 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1493 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1495 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1496 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1497 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1498 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1499 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1500 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1501 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1502 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1506 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1507 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1510 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1511 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1514 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1515 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1516 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1517 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1518 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1521 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1522 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1523 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1524 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1527 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1528 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1529 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1530 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1531 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1532 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1533 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1535 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1536 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1537 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1538 replace it with '2'.
1539 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1540 a file path, create a new file with:
1541 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1542 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1543 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1544 5. Restart sendmail:
1545 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1547 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1551 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1552 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1553 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1554 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1557 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1560 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1561 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1562 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1565 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1566 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1569 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1570 same but content is different now
1571 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1572 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1573 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1574 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1575 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1578 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1579 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1580 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1583 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1584 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1587 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1588 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1591 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1592 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1593 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1596 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1597 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1598 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1599 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1602 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1603 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1604 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1607 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1608 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1609 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1610 kernel before rebooting.
1613 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1614 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1615 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1616 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1617 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1618 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1621 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1622 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1623 with the new kernel.
1626 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1627 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1628 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1631 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1632 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1633 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1634 are not already using 3.5.0.
1637 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1638 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1639 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1640 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1641 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1644 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1645 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1646 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1647 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1650 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1651 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1654 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1656 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1657 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1658 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1659 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1660 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1661 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1664 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1665 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1668 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1669 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1670 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1671 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1673 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1674 the instructions for 9.x above.
1676 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1677 default, and do not build clang.
1679 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1680 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1681 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1683 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1684 the following are most likely to appear:
1688 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1689 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1690 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1691 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1692 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1693 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1694 cast, or disable the warning.
1696 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1697 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1698 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1699 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1702 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1703 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1705 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1706 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1707 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1708 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1710 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1711 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1712 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1713 unreachable could be optimized away.
1716 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1717 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1718 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1719 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1720 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1721 the utilities will report errors.
1724 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1725 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1726 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1727 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1728 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1732 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1733 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1736 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1737 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1738 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1741 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1742 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1743 indicate what you need to do.
1745 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1746 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1747 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1749 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1750 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1754 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1755 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1759 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1760 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1764 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1768 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1769 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1770 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1771 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1772 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1773 their next update cycle.
1776 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1777 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1778 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1779 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1783 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1784 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1787 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1788 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1789 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1790 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1791 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1795 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1796 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1798 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1801 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1802 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1803 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1804 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1808 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1809 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1813 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1814 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1815 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1816 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1817 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1820 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1821 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1822 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1825 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1826 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1827 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1830 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1831 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1832 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1833 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1834 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1835 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1836 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1837 "make installworld".
1839 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1840 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1841 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1844 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1845 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1846 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1847 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1848 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1851 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1854 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1855 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1859 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1860 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1861 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1862 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1863 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1864 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1865 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1866 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1867 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1868 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1869 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1870 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1872 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1873 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1874 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1878 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1879 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1882 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1883 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1884 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1885 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1886 build hosts for older releases.
1888 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1889 r276991, respectively.
1892 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1893 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1894 will silently lack HESIOD.
1897 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1898 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1899 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1900 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1901 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1902 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1903 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1904 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1905 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1906 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1907 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1908 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1911 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1912 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1913 with command line option -W.
1916 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1917 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1918 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1919 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1920 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1923 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1926 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1927 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1930 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1931 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1932 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1933 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1934 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1937 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1938 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1939 kernel is still highly recommended.
1942 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1943 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1944 capability mode support in kernel.
1947 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1948 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1949 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1950 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1951 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1954 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1955 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1956 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1957 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1958 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1959 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1962 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1963 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1964 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1965 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1966 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1967 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1968 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1969 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1970 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1973 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1974 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1975 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1976 should change your settings to use the latter.
1979 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1980 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1981 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1982 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1983 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1986 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1987 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1988 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1990 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1992 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1995 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2002 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2003 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2004 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2005 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2006 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2007 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2008 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2010 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2011 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2012 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2013 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2014 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2016 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2017 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2018 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2019 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2020 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2021 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2022 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2023 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2026 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2027 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2028 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2029 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2031 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2032 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2033 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2034 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2035 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2036 should write them with this in mind.
2040 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2043 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2044 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2046 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2048 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2049 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2050 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2052 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2056 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2057 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2058 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2060 make kernel-toolchain
2061 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2062 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2064 To test a kernel once
2065 ---------------------
2066 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2067 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2068 debugging information) run
2069 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2070 nextboot -k testkernel
2072 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2073 -----------------------------------------------------------
2074 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2075 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2077 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2079 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2080 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2082 <reboot in single user> [3]
2089 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2090 --------------------------------------------------
2091 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2092 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2093 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2096 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2099 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2100 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2101 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2102 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2103 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2104 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2105 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2106 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2107 <reboot into current>
2108 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2109 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2113 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2114 ----------------------------------------------
2115 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2117 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2118 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2120 <reboot in single user> [3]
2127 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2128 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2129 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2130 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2131 the UPDATING entries.
2133 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2134 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2135 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2136 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2137 much fewer pitfalls.
2139 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2140 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2143 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2148 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2149 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2150 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2152 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2153 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2154 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2155 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2156 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2157 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2158 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2160 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2161 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2162 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2163 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2164 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2165 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2167 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2168 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2169 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2171 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2172 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2173 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2174 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2175 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2176 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2177 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2179 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2180 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2182 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2183 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2184 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2186 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2187 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2188 warn if it is improperly defined.
2191 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2192 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2193 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2194 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2195 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2197 Copyright information:
2199 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2201 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2202 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2203 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2205 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2206 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2207 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2208 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2209 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2210 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2211 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2212 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2213 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2214 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2215 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2217 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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