1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20210601: p8 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
21 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
23 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
26 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
28 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
30 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
32 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
34 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
36 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
39 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
40 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
42 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
44 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
46 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
48 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
50 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
52 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
54 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
56 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
57 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
58 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
60 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
61 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
62 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
64 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
66 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
68 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
70 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
72 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
74 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
76 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
78 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
81 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
82 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
84 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
86 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
88 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
90 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
92 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
94 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
96 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
98 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
99 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
100 FreeBSD-EN-20:21.ipfw
101 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
102 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
103 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
105 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
107 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
109 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
111 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
113 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
115 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
120 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
121 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
122 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
123 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
125 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
128 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
130 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
132 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
135 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
136 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
137 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
139 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
140 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
141 for improved performance.
143 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
144 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
147 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
148 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
149 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
150 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
153 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
154 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
155 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
156 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
159 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
160 re-enable it for the entire system with the
161 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
163 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
164 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
165 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
166 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
169 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
170 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
171 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
172 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
173 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
174 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
177 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
178 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
179 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
180 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
183 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
184 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
185 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
186 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
187 differences between those included in the port and those included in
188 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
189 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
190 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
193 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
194 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
195 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
196 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
199 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
200 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
201 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
202 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
203 add superio to the set.
206 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
207 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
208 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
209 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
210 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
211 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
214 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
215 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
216 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
217 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
220 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
221 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
222 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
223 your scripts, because they had no effect.
225 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
226 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
227 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
228 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
229 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
232 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
233 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
234 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
235 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
238 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
239 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
240 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
241 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
242 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
243 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
244 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
247 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
248 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
249 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
250 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
253 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
254 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
255 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
258 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
259 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
260 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
264 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
265 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
266 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
269 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
270 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
271 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
275 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
276 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
280 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
281 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
282 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
283 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
284 is loaded automatically.
287 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
288 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
289 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
290 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
291 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
295 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
296 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
297 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
298 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
301 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
302 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
303 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
304 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
308 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
312 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
313 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
316 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
317 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
318 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
319 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
320 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
321 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
322 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
323 that as you will get better support.
325 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
326 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
327 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
328 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
330 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
331 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
332 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
333 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
337 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
338 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
339 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
340 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
341 be adjusted as necessary.
344 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
345 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
346 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
347 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
350 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
351 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
352 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
353 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
357 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
358 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
359 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
360 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
364 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
365 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
366 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
367 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
368 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
369 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
372 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
373 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
374 default since FreeBSD-11.
377 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
378 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
379 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
382 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
383 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
384 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
385 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
386 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
387 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
388 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
390 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
391 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
394 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
395 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
396 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
397 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
398 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
399 may not be observed in a future release.
402 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
403 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
407 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
408 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
409 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
410 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
413 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
414 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
415 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
416 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
420 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
421 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
422 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
425 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
426 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
427 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
428 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
429 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
432 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
433 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
434 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
435 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
436 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
437 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
440 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
441 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
442 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
446 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
447 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
448 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
451 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
452 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
453 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
454 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
455 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
456 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
457 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
458 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
459 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
460 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
464 Big endian arm support has been removed.
467 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
468 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
469 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
470 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
471 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
474 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
475 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
476 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
477 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
478 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
479 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
482 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
483 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
486 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
487 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
488 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
489 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
490 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
491 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
492 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
495 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
496 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
497 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
501 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
502 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
503 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
506 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
507 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
510 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
511 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
515 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
516 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
517 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
518 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
521 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
522 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
523 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
527 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
528 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
529 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
533 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
534 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
535 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
536 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
537 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
538 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
541 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
542 workaround is necessary.
545 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
546 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
547 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
548 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
551 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
552 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
553 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
554 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
555 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
558 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
559 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
560 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
561 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
564 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
565 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
566 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
570 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
571 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
575 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
576 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
580 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
581 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
582 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
583 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
584 microseconds and time zone offsets.
586 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
587 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
588 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
589 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
590 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
591 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
592 adjustments, depending on the software used.
594 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
595 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
598 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
601 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
602 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
603 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
605 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
607 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
608 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
609 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
610 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
611 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
612 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
613 thus expected to continue to function as before.
615 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
619 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
620 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
621 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
624 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
625 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
626 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
627 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
628 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
629 should be as simple as:
631 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
632 $ make depend all install
635 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
636 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
637 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
638 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
639 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
640 provisions for backup boot methods.
643 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
644 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
645 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
648 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
649 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
650 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
654 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
655 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
656 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
658 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
659 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
662 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
663 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
664 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
665 from kernel config files.
668 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
669 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
670 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
672 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
673 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
676 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
677 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
678 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
679 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
682 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
683 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
686 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
687 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
688 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
689 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
692 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
693 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
694 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
695 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
696 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
697 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
700 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
701 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
702 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
705 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
706 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
707 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
708 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
709 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
712 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
713 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
714 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
715 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
716 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
720 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
721 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
722 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
723 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
724 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
725 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
726 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
727 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
728 than hardcoding paths.
731 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
732 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
733 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
736 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
737 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
738 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
739 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
742 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
743 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
746 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
747 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
748 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
749 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
752 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
753 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
754 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
755 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
756 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
759 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
760 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
761 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
762 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
766 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
767 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
768 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
769 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
770 soft-float everything else should be affected.
773 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
774 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
777 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
778 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
782 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
783 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
787 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
788 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
789 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
790 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
792 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
793 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
794 sandbox if successful.
796 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
797 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
798 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
799 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
800 an unprivileged user.
803 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
804 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
805 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
806 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
807 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
808 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
809 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
810 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
811 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
812 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
813 to which you should answer yes.
816 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
817 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
818 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
819 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
820 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
823 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
824 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
825 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
828 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
829 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
832 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
833 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
834 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
835 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
836 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
837 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
838 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
841 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
842 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
843 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
844 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
845 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
846 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
849 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
850 if you require the GPL compiler.
853 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
854 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
855 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
858 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
859 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
860 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
864 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
865 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
866 from ports (and recommends to install it).
867 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
868 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
869 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
872 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
873 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
874 which only require one chipset support.
876 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
880 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
881 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
882 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
884 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
885 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
888 * load the chip modules in question
889 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
891 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
892 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
894 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
897 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
898 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
899 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
901 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
902 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
903 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
905 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
906 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
907 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
908 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
909 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
913 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
914 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
915 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
918 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
919 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
920 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
923 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
924 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
925 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
926 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
927 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
928 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
929 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
932 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
933 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
934 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
935 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
938 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
939 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
940 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
943 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
944 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
945 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
948 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
949 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
951 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
952 via one of the following methods:
953 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
954 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
955 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
956 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
958 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
961 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
962 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
963 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
964 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
968 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
969 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
970 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
971 be prefixed with colon.
974 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
975 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
976 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
979 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
980 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
981 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
984 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
985 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
986 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
990 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
994 MCA bus support has been removed.
997 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
998 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1001 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1002 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1005 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1006 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1007 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1010 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1011 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1012 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1015 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1016 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1017 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1020 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1021 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1022 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1025 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1026 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1027 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1028 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1031 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1032 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1034 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1035 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1038 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1039 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1040 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1044 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1045 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1046 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1049 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1050 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1053 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1054 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1055 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1056 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1059 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1060 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1061 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1062 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1063 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1066 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1069 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1070 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1071 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1072 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1075 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1076 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1077 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1081 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1082 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1083 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1084 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1085 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1089 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1090 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1093 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1096 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1097 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1098 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1099 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1100 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1101 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1105 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1106 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1107 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1108 previously contained a line like
1109 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1110 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1111 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1115 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1116 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1117 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1118 built with the old headers.
1121 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1122 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1123 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1124 installing a new libc.
1127 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1128 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1129 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1130 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1131 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1132 packages will be needed.
1134 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1135 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1136 and the install steps.
1139 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1140 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1141 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1142 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1143 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1144 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1147 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1148 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1149 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1150 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1151 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1153 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1154 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1155 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1156 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1157 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1159 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1160 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1161 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1162 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1163 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1164 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1167 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1168 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1169 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1170 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1171 quirks entry to 0x3.
1174 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1175 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1176 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1179 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1180 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1183 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1184 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1185 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1186 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1187 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1188 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1189 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1190 stale .depend files.
1193 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1194 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1195 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1199 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1200 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1201 make -C sys/boot install
1202 <reboot in single user>
1204 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1208 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1209 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1210 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1213 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1214 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1215 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1216 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1217 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1218 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1221 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1222 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1223 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1224 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1225 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1228 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1229 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1230 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1231 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1232 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1235 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1236 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1239 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1240 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1241 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1244 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1245 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1246 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1250 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1251 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1252 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1253 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1254 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1255 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1258 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1259 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1260 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1261 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1265 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1266 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1267 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1270 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1271 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1272 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1274 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1275 collation results will be different.
1277 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1278 locales before running make installworld.
1280 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1283 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1284 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1287 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1288 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1289 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1292 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1293 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1294 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1295 and 'make -N' will not.
1298 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1299 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1300 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1301 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1302 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1303 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1304 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1305 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1308 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1309 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1310 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1311 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1314 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1315 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1316 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1319 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1320 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1321 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1322 userland debug files.
1324 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1325 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1326 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1328 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1329 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1332 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1333 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1334 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1335 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1336 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1337 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1340 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1341 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1342 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1345 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1346 them, the kernel must have
1349 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1351 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1352 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1353 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1354 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1356 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1357 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1360 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1361 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1362 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1365 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1366 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1367 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1368 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1370 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1371 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1372 difference with this change.
1374 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1375 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1376 remove that workaround.
1379 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1380 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1381 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1384 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1387 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1388 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1389 loader.rc.local instead.
1392 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1393 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1394 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1397 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1398 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1399 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1401 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1402 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1405 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1406 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1407 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1408 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1409 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1410 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1411 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1412 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1413 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1414 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1415 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1416 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1419 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1420 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1422 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1423 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1424 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1426 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1427 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1429 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1430 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1431 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1433 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1434 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1435 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1436 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1438 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1439 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1440 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1441 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1443 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1444 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1445 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1446 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1447 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1448 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1449 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1450 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1454 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1455 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1458 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1459 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1462 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1463 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1464 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1465 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1466 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1469 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1470 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1471 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1472 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1475 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1476 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1477 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1478 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1479 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1480 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1481 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1483 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1484 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1485 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1486 replace it with '2'.
1487 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1488 a file path, create a new file with:
1489 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1490 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1491 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1492 5. Restart sendmail:
1493 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1495 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1499 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1500 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1501 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1502 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1505 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1508 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1509 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1510 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1513 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1514 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1517 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1518 same but content is different now
1519 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1520 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1521 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1522 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1523 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1526 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1527 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1528 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1531 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1532 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1535 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1536 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1539 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1540 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1541 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1544 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1545 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1546 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1547 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1550 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1551 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1552 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1555 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1556 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1557 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1558 kernel before rebooting.
1561 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1562 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1563 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1564 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1565 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1566 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1569 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1570 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1571 with the new kernel.
1574 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1575 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1576 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1579 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1580 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1581 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1582 are not already using 3.5.0.
1585 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1586 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1587 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1588 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1589 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1592 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1593 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1594 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1595 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1598 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1599 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1602 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1604 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1605 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1606 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1607 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1608 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1609 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1612 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1613 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1616 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1617 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1618 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1619 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1621 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1622 the instructions for 9.x above.
1624 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1625 default, and do not build clang.
1627 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1628 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1629 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1631 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1632 the following are most likely to appear:
1636 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1637 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1638 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1639 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1640 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1641 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1642 cast, or disable the warning.
1644 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1645 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1646 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1647 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1650 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1651 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1653 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1654 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1655 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1656 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1658 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1659 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1660 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1661 unreachable could be optimized away.
1664 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1665 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1666 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1667 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1668 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1669 the utilities will report errors.
1672 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1673 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1674 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1675 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1676 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1680 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1681 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1684 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1685 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1686 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1689 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1690 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1691 indicate what you need to do.
1693 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1694 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1695 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1697 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1698 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1702 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1703 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1707 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1708 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1712 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1716 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1717 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1718 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1719 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1720 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1721 their next update cycle.
1724 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1725 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1726 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1727 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1731 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1732 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1735 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1736 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1737 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1738 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1739 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1743 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1744 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1746 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1749 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1750 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1751 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1752 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1756 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1757 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1761 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1762 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1763 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1764 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1765 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1768 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1769 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1770 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1773 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1774 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1775 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1778 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1779 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1780 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1781 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1782 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1783 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1784 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1785 "make installworld".
1787 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1788 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1789 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1792 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1793 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1794 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1795 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1796 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1799 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1802 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1803 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1807 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1808 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1809 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1810 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1811 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1812 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1813 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1814 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1815 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1816 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1817 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1818 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1820 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1821 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1822 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1826 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1827 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1830 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1831 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1832 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1833 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1834 build hosts for older releases.
1836 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1837 r276991, respectively.
1840 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1841 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1842 will silently lack HESIOD.
1845 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1846 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1847 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1848 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1849 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1850 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1851 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1852 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1853 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1854 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1855 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1856 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1859 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1860 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1861 with command line option -W.
1864 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1865 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1866 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1867 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1868 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1871 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1874 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1875 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1878 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1879 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1880 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1881 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1882 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1885 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1886 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1887 kernel is still highly recommended.
1890 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1891 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1892 capability mode support in kernel.
1895 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1896 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1897 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1898 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1899 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1902 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1903 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1904 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1905 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1906 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1907 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1910 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1911 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1912 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1913 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1914 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1915 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1916 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1917 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1918 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1921 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1922 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1923 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1924 should change your settings to use the latter.
1927 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1928 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1929 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1930 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1931 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1934 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1935 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1936 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1938 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1940 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1943 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1950 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1951 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1952 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1953 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1954 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1955 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1956 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1958 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1959 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1960 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1961 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1962 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1964 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1965 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1966 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1967 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1968 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1969 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1970 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1971 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1974 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1975 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1976 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1977 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1979 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1980 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1981 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1982 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1983 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1984 should write them with this in mind.
1988 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1991 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1992 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1994 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1996 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1997 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1998 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2000 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2004 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2005 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2006 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2008 make kernel-toolchain
2009 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2010 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2012 To test a kernel once
2013 ---------------------
2014 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2015 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2016 debugging information) run
2017 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2018 nextboot -k testkernel
2020 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2021 -----------------------------------------------------------
2022 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2023 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2025 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2027 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2028 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2030 <reboot in single user> [3]
2037 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2038 --------------------------------------------------
2039 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2040 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2041 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2044 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2047 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2048 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2049 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2050 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2051 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2052 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2053 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2054 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2055 <reboot into current>
2056 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2057 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2061 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2062 ----------------------------------------------
2063 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2065 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2066 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2068 <reboot in single user> [3]
2075 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2076 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2077 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2078 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2079 the UPDATING entries.
2081 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2082 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2083 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2084 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2085 much fewer pitfalls.
2087 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2088 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2091 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2096 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2097 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2098 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2100 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2101 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2102 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2103 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2104 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2105 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2106 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2108 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2109 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2110 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2111 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2112 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2113 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2115 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2116 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2117 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2119 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2120 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2121 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2122 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2123 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2124 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2125 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2127 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2128 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2130 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2131 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2132 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2134 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2135 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2136 warn if it is improperly defined.
2139 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2140 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2141 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2142 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2143 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2145 Copyright information:
2147 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2149 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2150 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2151 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2153 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2154 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2155 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2156 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2157 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2158 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2159 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2160 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2161 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2162 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2163 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2165 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of